[PATCH v3 0/4] cxl, acpi/hmat, node: Update CXL access coordinates to node directly

[PATCH v3 0/4] cxl, acpi/hmat, node: Update CXL access coordinates to node directly

[Dave Jiang]

I plan to take this series through the CXL tree when all the necessary tags
are received.

Rafael, please ack patches 3/4 and 4/4 if you are happy with the changes.

Thank you!

v3:
- Fix grammar in comment. (DavidH)
- Use nodemask instead of xarray. (Jonathan)

v2:
- Use clearer comment from DavidH for 1/4. (DavidH)
- Fix comment in 2/4. (DavidH)
- Streamline code in 2/4. (DavidH)
- Add description to observed issue. (Dan)
- Add correct Fixes tag. (Dan)
- Add cc to stable for fix patch. (Dan)
- Add mechansim to only update on first region for the node. (Jonathan)

The series aim to clean up the current CXL memory region hotplug notifier by
removing the update path through HMAT and updating the node access coordinates
directly. With the existing implementation, the CXL memory hotplug notifier
gets called first. It updates the HMAT target access coordinates. And then
the HMAT notifier gets called and create the node sysfs attribs. The new
implemenation flips the callback ordering and directly updates the sysfs
attribs already created in the node and leaves HMAT data structures alone.

Dave Jiang (4):
  mm/memory_hotplug: Update comment for hotplug memory callback
    priorities
  drivers/base/node: Add a helper function node_update_perf_attrs()
  cxl, acpi/hmat: Update CXL access coordinates directly instead of
    through HMAT
  acpi/hmat: Remove now unused hmat_update_target_coordinates()

 drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c  | 34 ----------------------------------
 drivers/base/node.c       | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c   | 11 -----------
 drivers/cxl/core/core.h   |  3 ---
 drivers/cxl/core/region.c | 20 ++++++++++++--------
 include/linux/acpi.h      | 12 ------------
 include/linux/memory.h    |  6 +++---
 include/linux/node.h      |  8 ++++++++
 8 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)


base-commit: 8f5ae30d69d7543eee0d70083daf4de8fe15d585
-- 
2.50.1

[PATCH v3 1/4] mm/memory_hotplug: Update comment for hotplug memory callback priorities

[Dave Jiang]

Add clarification to comment for memory hotplug callback ordering as the
current comment does not provide clear language on which callback happens
first.

Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
---
v3:
- Update grammar (DavidH)
---
 include/linux/memory.h | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/memory.h b/include/linux/memory.h
index 40eb70ccb09d..1305102688d0 100644
--- a/include/linux/memory.h
+++ b/include/linux/memory.h
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ struct notifier_block;
 struct mem_section;
 
 /*
- * Priorities for the hotplug memory callback routines (stored in decreasing
- * order in the callback chain)
+ * Priorities for the hotplug memory callback routines. Invoked from
+ * high to low. Higher priorities correspond to higher numbers.
  */
 #define DEFAULT_CALLBACK_PRI	0
 #define SLAB_CALLBACK_PRI	1
-- 
2.50.1

[PATCH v3 2/4] drivers/base/node: Add a helper function node_update_perf_attrs()

[Dave Jiang]

Add helper function node_update_perf_attrs() to allow update of node access
coordinates computed by an external agent such as CXL. The helper allows
updating of coordinates after the attribute being created by HMAT.

Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
---
 drivers/base/node.c  | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/linux/node.h |  8 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 46 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/base/node.c b/drivers/base/node.c
index 3399594136b2..db18a1c32637 100644
--- a/drivers/base/node.c
+++ b/drivers/base/node.c
@@ -248,6 +248,44 @@ void node_set_perf_attrs(unsigned int nid, struct access_coordinate *coord,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(node_set_perf_attrs);
 
+/**
+ * node_update_perf_attrs - Update the performance values for given access class
+ * @nid: Node identifier to be updated
+ * @coord: Heterogeneous memory performance coordinates
+ * @access: The access class for the given attributes
+ */
+void node_update_perf_attrs(unsigned int nid, struct access_coordinate *coord,
+			    enum access_coordinate_class access)
+{
+	struct node_access_nodes *access_node;
+	struct node *node;
+	int i;
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!node_online(nid)))
+		return;
+
+	node = node_devices[nid];
+	list_for_each_entry(access_node, &node->access_list, list_node) {
+		if (access_node->access != access)
+			continue;
+
+		access_node->coord = *coord;
+		for (i = 0; access_attrs[i]; i++) {
+			sysfs_notify(&access_node->dev.kobj,
+				     NULL, access_attrs[i]->name);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/* When setting CPU access coordinates, update mempolicy */
+	if (access != ACCESS_COORDINATE_CPU)
+		return;
+
+	if (mempolicy_set_node_perf(nid, coord))
+		pr_info("failed to set mempolicy attrs for node %d\n", nid);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(node_update_perf_attrs);
+
 /**
  * struct node_cache_info - Internal tracking for memory node caches
  * @dev:	Device represeting the cache level
diff --git a/include/linux/node.h b/include/linux/node.h
index 2c7529335b21..866e3323f1fd 100644
--- a/include/linux/node.h
+++ b/include/linux/node.h
@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ struct node_cache_attrs {
 void node_add_cache(unsigned int nid, struct node_cache_attrs *cache_attrs);
 void node_set_perf_attrs(unsigned int nid, struct access_coordinate *coord,
 			 enum access_coordinate_class access);
+void node_update_perf_attrs(unsigned int nid, struct access_coordinate *coord,
+			    enum access_coordinate_class access);
 #else
 static inline void node_add_cache(unsigned int nid,
 				  struct node_cache_attrs *cache_attrs)
@@ -96,6 +98,12 @@ static inline void node_set_perf_attrs(unsigned int nid,
 				       enum access_coordinate_class access)
 {
 }
+
+static inline void node_update_perf_attrs(unsigned int nid,
+					  struct access_coordinate *coord,
+					  enum access_coordinate_class access)
+{
+}
 #endif
 
 struct node {
-- 
2.50.1

[PATCH v3 3/4] cxl, acpi/hmat: Update CXL access coordinates directly instead of through HMAT

[Dave Jiang]

The current implementation of CXL memory hotplug notifier gets called
before the HMAT memory hotplug notifier. The CXL driver calculates the
access coordinates (bandwidth and latency values) for the CXL end to
end path (i.e. CPU to endpoint). When the CXL region is onlined, the CXL
memory hotplug notifier writes the access coordinates to the HMAT target
structs. Then the HMAT memory hotplug notifier is called and it creates
the access coordinates for the node sysfs attributes.

During testing on an Intel platform, it was found that although the
newly calculated coordinates were pushed to sysfs, the sysfs attributes for
the access coordinates showed up with the wrong initiator. The system has
4 nodes (0, 1, 2, 3) where node 0 and 1 are CPU nodes and node 2 and 3 are
CXL nodes. The expectation is that node 2 would show up as a target to node
0:
/sys/devices/system/node/node2/access0/initiators/node0

However it was observed that node 2 showed up as a target under node 1:
/sys/devices/system/node/node2/access0/initiators/node1

The original intent of the 'ext_updated' flag in HMAT handling code was to
stop HMAT memory hotplug callback from clobbering the access coordinates
after CXL has injected its calculated coordinates and replaced the generic
target access coordinates provided by the HMAT table in the HMAT target
structs. However the flag is hacky at best and blocks the updates from
other CXL regions that are onlined in the same node later on. Remove the
'ext_updated' flag usage and just update the access coordinates for the
nodes directly without touching HMAT target data.

The hotplug memory callback ordering is changed. Instead of changing CXL,
move HMAT back so there's room for the levels rather than have CXL share
the same level as SLAB_CALLBACK_PRI. The change will resulting in the CXL
callback to be executed after the HMAT callback.

With the change, the CXL hotplug memory notifier runs after the HMAT
callback. The HMAT callback will create the node sysfs attributes for
access coordinates. The CXL callback will write the access coordinates to
the now created node sysfs attributes directly and will not pollute the
HMAT target values.

A nodemask is introduced to keep track if a node has been updated and
prevents further updates.

Fixes: 067353a46d8c ("cxl/region: Add memory hotplug notifier for cxl region")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Tested-by: Marc Herbert <marc.herbert@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
---
v3:
- Use nodemask instead of xarray to keep track of node updates (Jonathan)
---
 drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c  |  6 ------
 drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c   |  5 -----
 drivers/cxl/core/core.h   |  1 -
 drivers/cxl/core/region.c | 20 ++++++++++++--------
 include/linux/memory.h    |  2 +-
 5 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c b/drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c
index 4958301f5417..5d32490dc4ab 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ struct memory_target {
 	struct node_cache_attrs cache_attrs;
 	u8 gen_port_device_handle[ACPI_SRAT_DEVICE_HANDLE_SIZE];
 	bool registered;
-	bool ext_updated;	/* externally updated */
 };
 
 struct memory_initiator {
@@ -391,7 +390,6 @@ int hmat_update_target_coordinates(int nid, struct access_coordinate *coord,
 				  coord->read_bandwidth, access);
 	hmat_update_target_access(target, ACPI_HMAT_WRITE_BANDWIDTH,
 				  coord->write_bandwidth, access);
-	target->ext_updated = true;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -773,10 +771,6 @@ static void hmat_update_target_attrs(struct memory_target *target,
 	u32 best = 0;
 	int i;
 
-	/* Don't update if an external agent has changed the data.  */
-	if (target->ext_updated)
-		return;
-
 	/* Don't update for generic port if there's no device handle */
 	if ((access == NODE_ACCESS_CLASS_GENPORT_SINK_LOCAL ||
 	     access == NODE_ACCESS_CLASS_GENPORT_SINK_CPU) &&
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c b/drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c
index c0af645425f4..c891fd618cfd 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c
@@ -1081,8 +1081,3 @@ int cxl_update_hmat_access_coordinates(int nid, struct cxl_region *cxlr,
 {
 	return hmat_update_target_coordinates(nid, &cxlr->coord[access], access);
 }
-
-bool cxl_need_node_perf_attrs_update(int nid)
-{
-	return !acpi_node_backed_by_real_pxm(nid);
-}
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/core.h b/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
index 2669f251d677..a253d308f3c9 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
@@ -139,7 +139,6 @@ long cxl_pci_get_latency(struct pci_dev *pdev);
 int cxl_pci_get_bandwidth(struct pci_dev *pdev, struct access_coordinate *c);
 int cxl_update_hmat_access_coordinates(int nid, struct cxl_region *cxlr,
 				       enum access_coordinate_class access);
-bool cxl_need_node_perf_attrs_update(int nid);
 int cxl_port_get_switch_dport_bandwidth(struct cxl_port *port,
 					struct access_coordinate *c);
 
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/region.c b/drivers/cxl/core/region.c
index 71cc42d05248..0ed95cbc5d5b 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/region.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/region.c
@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@
  * 3. Decoder targets
  */
 
+/*
+ * nodemask that sets per node when the access_coordinates for the node has
+ * been updated by the CXL memory hotplug notifier.
+ */
+static nodemask_t nodemask_region_seen = NODE_MASK_NONE;
+
 static struct cxl_region *to_cxl_region(struct device *dev);
 
 #define __ACCESS_ATTR_RO(_level, _name) {				\
@@ -2442,14 +2448,8 @@ static bool cxl_region_update_coordinates(struct cxl_region *cxlr, int nid)
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < ACCESS_COORDINATE_MAX; i++) {
 		if (cxlr->coord[i].read_bandwidth) {
-			rc = 0;
-			if (cxl_need_node_perf_attrs_update(nid))
-				node_set_perf_attrs(nid, &cxlr->coord[i], i);
-			else
-				rc = cxl_update_hmat_access_coordinates(nid, cxlr, i);
-
-			if (rc == 0)
-				cset++;
+			node_update_perf_attrs(nid, &cxlr->coord[i], i);
+			cset++;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -2487,6 +2487,10 @@ static int cxl_region_perf_attrs_callback(struct notifier_block *nb,
 	if (nid != region_nid)
 		return NOTIFY_DONE;
 
+	/* No action needed if node bit already set */
+	if (node_test_and_set(nid, nodemask_region_seen))
+		return NOTIFY_DONE;
+
 	if (!cxl_region_update_coordinates(cxlr, nid))
 		return NOTIFY_DONE;
 
diff --git a/include/linux/memory.h b/include/linux/memory.h
index 1305102688d0..0b755d1ef1ec 100644
--- a/include/linux/memory.h
+++ b/include/linux/memory.h
@@ -120,8 +120,8 @@ struct mem_section;
  */
 #define DEFAULT_CALLBACK_PRI	0
 #define SLAB_CALLBACK_PRI	1
-#define HMAT_CALLBACK_PRI	2
 #define CXL_CALLBACK_PRI	5
+#define HMAT_CALLBACK_PRI	6
 #define MM_COMPUTE_BATCH_PRI	10
 #define CPUSET_CALLBACK_PRI	10
 #define MEMTIER_HOTPLUG_PRI	100
-- 
2.50.1

Re: [PATCH v3 3/4] cxl, acpi/hmat: Update CXL access coordinates directly instead of through HMAT

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 29 Aug 2025 15:29:06 -0700
Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com> wrote:

> The current implementation of CXL memory hotplug notifier gets called
> before the HMAT memory hotplug notifier. The CXL driver calculates the
> access coordinates (bandwidth and latency values) for the CXL end to
> end path (i.e. CPU to endpoint). When the CXL region is onlined, the CXL
> memory hotplug notifier writes the access coordinates to the HMAT target
> structs. Then the HMAT memory hotplug notifier is called and it creates
> the access coordinates for the node sysfs attributes.
> 
> During testing on an Intel platform, it was found that although the
> newly calculated coordinates were pushed to sysfs, the sysfs attributes for
> the access coordinates showed up with the wrong initiator. The system has
> 4 nodes (0, 1, 2, 3) where node 0 and 1 are CPU nodes and node 2 and 3 are
> CXL nodes. The expectation is that node 2 would show up as a target to node
> 0:
> /sys/devices/system/node/node2/access0/initiators/node0
> 
> However it was observed that node 2 showed up as a target under node 1:
> /sys/devices/system/node/node2/access0/initiators/node1
> 
> The original intent of the 'ext_updated' flag in HMAT handling code was to
> stop HMAT memory hotplug callback from clobbering the access coordinates
> after CXL has injected its calculated coordinates and replaced the generic
> target access coordinates provided by the HMAT table in the HMAT target
> structs. However the flag is hacky at best and blocks the updates from
> other CXL regions that are onlined in the same node later on. Remove the
> 'ext_updated' flag usage and just update the access coordinates for the
> nodes directly without touching HMAT target data.
> 
> The hotplug memory callback ordering is changed. Instead of changing CXL,
> move HMAT back so there's room for the levels rather than have CXL share
> the same level as SLAB_CALLBACK_PRI. The change will resulting in the CXL
> callback to be executed after the HMAT callback.
> 
> With the change, the CXL hotplug memory notifier runs after the HMAT
> callback. The HMAT callback will create the node sysfs attributes for
> access coordinates. The CXL callback will write the access coordinates to
> the now created node sysfs attributes directly and will not pollute the
> HMAT target values.
> 
> A nodemask is introduced to keep track if a node has been updated and
> prevents further updates.
> 
> Fixes: 067353a46d8c ("cxl/region: Add memory hotplug notifier for cxl region")
> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
> Tested-by: Marc Herbert <marc.herbert@linux.intel.com>
> Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
> Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>

Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

[PATCH v3 4/4] acpi/hmat: Remove now unused hmat_update_target_coordinates()

[Dave Jiang]

Remove deadcode since CXL no longer calls hmat_update_target_coordinates().

Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
---
 drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c | 28 ----------------------------
 drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c  |  6 ------
 drivers/cxl/core/core.h  |  2 --
 include/linux/acpi.h     | 12 ------------
 4 files changed, 48 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c b/drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c
index 5d32490dc4ab..5a36d57289b4 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c
@@ -367,34 +367,6 @@ static void hmat_update_target_access(struct memory_target *target,
 	}
 }
 
-int hmat_update_target_coordinates(int nid, struct access_coordinate *coord,
-				   enum access_coordinate_class access)
-{
-	struct memory_target *target;
-	int pxm;
-
-	if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	pxm = node_to_pxm(nid);
-	guard(mutex)(&target_lock);
-	target = find_mem_target(pxm);
-	if (!target)
-		return -ENODEV;
-
-	hmat_update_target_access(target, ACPI_HMAT_READ_LATENCY,
-				  coord->read_latency, access);
-	hmat_update_target_access(target, ACPI_HMAT_WRITE_LATENCY,
-				  coord->write_latency, access);
-	hmat_update_target_access(target, ACPI_HMAT_READ_BANDWIDTH,
-				  coord->read_bandwidth, access);
-	hmat_update_target_access(target, ACPI_HMAT_WRITE_BANDWIDTH,
-				  coord->write_bandwidth, access);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmat_update_target_coordinates);
-
 static __init void hmat_add_locality(struct acpi_hmat_locality *hmat_loc)
 {
 	struct memory_locality *loc;
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c b/drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c
index c891fd618cfd..bca1ec279651 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c
@@ -1075,9 +1075,3 @@ void cxl_region_perf_data_calculate(struct cxl_region *cxlr,
 		cxlr->coord[i].write_bandwidth += perf->coord[i].write_bandwidth;
 	}
 }
-
-int cxl_update_hmat_access_coordinates(int nid, struct cxl_region *cxlr,
-				       enum access_coordinate_class access)
-{
-	return hmat_update_target_coordinates(nid, &cxlr->coord[access], access);
-}
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/core.h b/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
index a253d308f3c9..0476c3b648de 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
@@ -137,8 +137,6 @@ enum cxl_poison_trace_type {
 
 long cxl_pci_get_latency(struct pci_dev *pdev);
 int cxl_pci_get_bandwidth(struct pci_dev *pdev, struct access_coordinate *c);
-int cxl_update_hmat_access_coordinates(int nid, struct cxl_region *cxlr,
-				       enum access_coordinate_class access);
 int cxl_port_get_switch_dport_bandwidth(struct cxl_port *port,
 					struct access_coordinate *c);
 
diff --git a/include/linux/acpi.h b/include/linux/acpi.h
index 1c5bb1e887cd..5ff5d99f6ead 100644
--- a/include/linux/acpi.h
+++ b/include/linux/acpi.h
@@ -1595,18 +1595,6 @@ static inline void acpi_use_parent_companion(struct device *dev)
 	ACPI_COMPANION_SET(dev, ACPI_COMPANION(dev->parent));
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_HMAT
-int hmat_update_target_coordinates(int nid, struct access_coordinate *coord,
-				   enum access_coordinate_class access);
-#else
-static inline int hmat_update_target_coordinates(int nid,
-						 struct access_coordinate *coord,
-						 enum access_coordinate_class access)
-{
-	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
-}
-#endif
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
 bool acpi_node_backed_by_real_pxm(int nid);
 #else
-- 
2.50.1

Re: [PATCH v3 0/4] cxl, acpi/hmat, node: Update CXL access coordinates to node directly

[Dave Jiang]

On 8/29/25 3:29 PM, Dave Jiang wrote:
> I plan to take this series through the CXL tree when all the necessary tags
> are received.
> 
> Rafael, please ack patches 3/4 and 4/4 if you are happy with the changes.
> 
> Thank you!

Rafael said Dan's review tag is sufficient.

Applied to cxl/next
02f6c6a3654911e286ae04e5dfd5deb0f39559b1

> 
> v3:
> - Fix grammar in comment. (DavidH)
> - Use nodemask instead of xarray. (Jonathan)
> 
> v2:
> - Use clearer comment from DavidH for 1/4. (DavidH)
> - Fix comment in 2/4. (DavidH)
> - Streamline code in 2/4. (DavidH)
> - Add description to observed issue. (Dan)
> - Add correct Fixes tag. (Dan)
> - Add cc to stable for fix patch. (Dan)
> - Add mechansim to only update on first region for the node. (Jonathan)
> 
> The series aim to clean up the current CXL memory region hotplug notifier by
> removing the update path through HMAT and updating the node access coordinates
> directly. With the existing implementation, the CXL memory hotplug notifier
> gets called first. It updates the HMAT target access coordinates. And then
> the HMAT notifier gets called and create the node sysfs attribs. The new
> implemenation flips the callback ordering and directly updates the sysfs
> attribs already created in the node and leaves HMAT data structures alone.
> 
> Dave Jiang (4):
>   mm/memory_hotplug: Update comment for hotplug memory callback
>     priorities
>   drivers/base/node: Add a helper function node_update_perf_attrs()
>   cxl, acpi/hmat: Update CXL access coordinates directly instead of
>     through HMAT
>   acpi/hmat: Remove now unused hmat_update_target_coordinates()
> 
>  drivers/acpi/numa/hmat.c  | 34 ----------------------------------
>  drivers/base/node.c       | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  drivers/cxl/core/cdat.c   | 11 -----------
>  drivers/cxl/core/core.h   |  3 ---
>  drivers/cxl/core/region.c | 20 ++++++++++++--------
>  include/linux/acpi.h      | 12 ------------
>  include/linux/memory.h    |  6 +++---
>  include/linux/node.h      |  8 ++++++++
>  8 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)
> 
> 
> base-commit: 8f5ae30d69d7543eee0d70083daf4de8fe15d585