[PATCH bpf-next v4 6/6] selftests/bpf: Add tests for ECDSA signature verification kfuncs

Daniel Hodges
2026-01-05T17:40:34Z

Add selftests to validate the ECDSA signature verification kfuncs
introduced in the BPF crypto subsystem. The tests verify both valid
signature acceptance and invalid signature rejection using the
context-based ECDSA API.

The tests use RFC 6979 test vectors for NIST P-256 (secp256r1) with
well-known valid signatures. The algorithm "p1363(ecdsa-nist-p256)"
is used to handle standard r||s signature format.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Hodges <git@danielhodges.dev>
---
MAINTAINERS | 2 +
tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config | 1 +
.../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/ecdsa_verify.c | 75 +++++++++
.../selftests/bpf/progs/ecdsa_verify.c | 157 ++++++++++++++++++
4 files changed, 235 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/ecdsa_verify.c
create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/ecdsa_verify.c

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index a413cb1b973c..7d65deb4dd03 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -4718,7 +4718,9 @@ F: crypto/bpf_crypto_skcipher.c
F: include/linux/bpf_crypto.h
F: kernel/bpf/crypto.c
F: tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/crypto_hash.c
+F: tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/ecdsa_verify.c
F: tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/crypto_hash.c
+F: tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/ecdsa_verify.c

BPF [DOCUMENTATION] (Related to Standardization)
R: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config
index d168b3073cba..c99811d3f61f 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ CONFIG_CRYPTO_HMAC=y
CONFIG_CRYPTO_HASH2=y
CONFIG_CRYPTO_SHA256=y
CONFIG_CRYPTO_SHA512=y
+CONFIG_CRYPTO_ECDSA=y
CONFIG_CRYPTO_USER_API=y
CONFIG_CRYPTO_USER_API_HASH=y
CONFIG_CRYPTO_USER_API_SKCIPHER=y
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/ecdsa_verify.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/ecdsa_verify.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4e88b3eeb3eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/ecdsa_verify.c
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* Copyright (c) 2025 Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates. */
+
+#include <test_progs.h>
+#include "ecdsa_verify.skel.h"
+
+static void test_ecdsa_verify_valid_signature(void)
+{
+ struct ecdsa_verify *skel;
+ int err, prog_fd;
+
+ LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, topts);
+
+ skel = ecdsa_verify__open_and_load();
+ if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel, "ecdsa_verify__open_and_load"))
+ return;
+
+ prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(skel->progs.test_ecdsa_verify_valid);
+ err = bpf_prog_test_run_opts(prog_fd, &topts);
+ ASSERT_OK(err, "test_ecdsa_verify_valid");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->data->ctx_create_status, 0, "ctx_create_status");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->data->verify_result, 0, "verify_valid_signature");
+
+ ecdsa_verify__destroy(skel);
+}
+
+static void test_ecdsa_verify_invalid_signature(void)
+{
+ struct ecdsa_verify *skel;
+ int err, prog_fd;
+
+ LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, topts);
+
+ skel = ecdsa_verify__open_and_load();
+ if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel, "ecdsa_verify__open_and_load"))
+ return;
+
+ prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(skel->progs.test_ecdsa_verify_invalid);
+ err = bpf_prog_test_run_opts(prog_fd, &topts);
+ ASSERT_OK(err, "test_ecdsa_verify_invalid");
+ ASSERT_NEQ(skel->data->verify_invalid_result, 0, "verify_invalid_signature_rejected");
+
+ ecdsa_verify__destroy(skel);
+}
+
+static void test_ecdsa_size_queries(void)
+{
+ struct ecdsa_verify *skel;
+ int err, prog_fd;
+
+ LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, topts);
+
+ skel = ecdsa_verify__open_and_load();
+ if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel, "ecdsa_verify__open_and_load"))
+ return;
+
+ prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(skel->progs.test_ecdsa_size_queries);
+ err = bpf_prog_test_run_opts(prog_fd, &topts);
+ ASSERT_OK(err, "test_ecdsa_size_queries");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->data->keysize_result, 256, "keysize_p256");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->data->digestsize_result, 64, "digestsize_p256");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->data->maxsize_result, 64, "maxsize_p256");
+
+ ecdsa_verify__destroy(skel);
+}
+
+void test_ecdsa_verify(void)
+{
+ if (test__start_subtest("verify_valid_signature"))
+ test_ecdsa_verify_valid_signature();
+ if (test__start_subtest("verify_invalid_signature"))
+ test_ecdsa_verify_invalid_signature();
+ if (test__start_subtest("size_queries"))
+ test_ecdsa_size_queries();
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/ecdsa_verify.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/ecdsa_verify.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2dd74995bd3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/ecdsa_verify.c
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* Copyright (c) 2025 Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates. */
+
+#include "vmlinux.h"
+#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
+#include "bpf_misc.h"
+#include "crypto_common.h"
+
+/* NIST P-256 test vector
+ * This is a known valid ECDSA signature for testing purposes
+ */
+
+/* Public key in uncompressed format: 0x04 || x || y (65 bytes) */
+unsigned char pubkey_p256[65] = {
+ 0x04, /* Uncompressed point indicator */
+ /* X coordinate (32 bytes) */
+ 0x60, 0xfe, 0xd4, 0xba, 0x25, 0x5a, 0x9d, 0x31,
+ 0xc9, 0x61, 0xeb, 0x74, 0xc6, 0x35, 0x6d, 0x68,
+ 0xc0, 0x49, 0xb8, 0x92, 0x3b, 0x61, 0xfa, 0x6c,
+ 0xe6, 0x69, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x60, 0xf2, 0x9f, 0xb6,
+ /* Y coordinate (32 bytes) */
+ 0x79, 0x03, 0xfe, 0x10, 0x08, 0xb8, 0xbc, 0x99,
+ 0xa4, 0x1a, 0xe9, 0xe9, 0x56, 0x28, 0xbc, 0x64,
+ 0xf2, 0xf1, 0xb2, 0x0c, 0x2d, 0x7e, 0x9f, 0x51,
+ 0x77, 0xa3, 0xc2, 0x94, 0xd4, 0x46, 0x22, 0x99
+};
+
+/* Message hash (32 bytes) - SHA-256 of "sample" */
+unsigned char message_hash[32] = {
+ 0xaf, 0x2b, 0xdb, 0xe1, 0xaa, 0x9b, 0x6e, 0xc1,
+ 0xe2, 0xad, 0xe1, 0xd6, 0x94, 0xf4, 0x1f, 0xc7,
+ 0x1a, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x02, 0x68, 0xe9, 0x89, 0x15,
+ 0x62, 0x11, 0x3d, 0x8a, 0x62, 0xad, 0xd1, 0xbf
+};
+
+/* Valid signature r || s (64 bytes) */
+unsigned char valid_signature[64] = {
+ /* r component (32 bytes) */
+ 0xef, 0xd4, 0x8b, 0x2a, 0xac, 0xb6, 0xa8, 0xfd,
+ 0x11, 0x40, 0xdd, 0x9c, 0xd4, 0x5e, 0x81, 0xd6,
+ 0x9d, 0x2c, 0x87, 0x7b, 0x56, 0xaa, 0xf9, 0x91,
+ 0xc3, 0x4d, 0x0e, 0xa8, 0x4e, 0xaf, 0x37, 0x16,
+ /* s component (32 bytes) */
+ 0xf7, 0xcb, 0x1c, 0x94, 0x2d, 0x65, 0x7c, 0x41,
+ 0xd4, 0x36, 0xc7, 0xa1, 0xb6, 0xe2, 0x9f, 0x65,
+ 0xf3, 0xe9, 0x00, 0xdb, 0xb9, 0xaf, 0xf4, 0x06,
+ 0x4d, 0xc4, 0xab, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x3a, 0xcd, 0xa8
+};
+
+/* Invalid signature (modified r component) for negative test */
+unsigned char invalid_signature[64] = {
+ /* r component (32 bytes) - first byte modified */
+ 0xff, 0xd4, 0x8b, 0x2a, 0xac, 0xb6, 0xa8, 0xfd,
+ 0x11, 0x40, 0xdd, 0x9c, 0xd4, 0x5e, 0x81, 0xd6,
+ 0x9d, 0x2c, 0x87, 0x7b, 0x56, 0xaa, 0xf9, 0x91,
+ 0xc3, 0x4d, 0x0e, 0xa8, 0x4e, 0xaf, 0x37, 0x16,
+ /* s component (32 bytes) */
+ 0xf7, 0xcb, 0x1c, 0x94, 0x2d, 0x65, 0x7c, 0x41,
+ 0xd4, 0x36, 0xc7, 0xa1, 0xb6, 0xe2, 0x9f, 0x65,
+ 0xf3, 0xe9, 0x00, 0xdb, 0xb9, 0xaf, 0xf4, 0x06,
+ 0x4d, 0xc4, 0xab, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x3a, 0xcd, 0xa8
+};
+
+/* Test results */
+int verify_result = -1;
+int verify_invalid_result = -1;
+int ctx_create_status = -1;
+int keysize_result = -1;
+int digestsize_result = -1;
+int maxsize_result = -1;
+
+SEC("syscall")
+int test_ecdsa_verify_valid(void *ctx)
+{
+ struct bpf_crypto_ctx *ecdsa_ctx;
+ struct bpf_crypto_params params = {
+ .type = "sig",
+ .algo = "p1363(ecdsa-nist-p256)",
+ .key_len = sizeof(pubkey_p256),
+ };
+ struct bpf_dynptr msg_ptr, sig_ptr;
+ int err = 0;
+
+ __builtin_memcpy(params.key, pubkey_p256, sizeof(pubkey_p256));
+
+ ecdsa_ctx = bpf_crypto_ctx_create(&params, sizeof(params), &err);
+ if (!ecdsa_ctx) {
+ ctx_create_status = err;
+ return 0;
+ }
+ ctx_create_status = 0;
+
+ bpf_dynptr_from_mem(message_hash, sizeof(message_hash), 0, &msg_ptr);
+ bpf_dynptr_from_mem(valid_signature, sizeof(valid_signature), 0, &sig_ptr);
+
+ verify_result = bpf_ecdsa_verify(ecdsa_ctx, &msg_ptr, &sig_ptr);
+
+ bpf_crypto_ctx_release(ecdsa_ctx);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+int test_ecdsa_verify_invalid(void *ctx)
+{
+ struct bpf_crypto_ctx *ecdsa_ctx;
+ struct bpf_crypto_params params = {
+ .type = "sig",
+ .algo = "p1363(ecdsa-nist-p256)",
+ .key_len = sizeof(pubkey_p256),
+ };
+ struct bpf_dynptr msg_ptr, sig_ptr;
+ int err = 0;
+
+ __builtin_memcpy(params.key, pubkey_p256, sizeof(pubkey_p256));
+
+ ecdsa_ctx = bpf_crypto_ctx_create(&params, sizeof(params), &err);
+ if (!ecdsa_ctx)
+ return 0;
+
+ bpf_dynptr_from_mem(message_hash, sizeof(message_hash), 0, &msg_ptr);
+ bpf_dynptr_from_mem(invalid_signature, sizeof(invalid_signature), 0, &sig_ptr);
+
+ verify_invalid_result = bpf_ecdsa_verify(ecdsa_ctx, &msg_ptr, &sig_ptr);
+
+ bpf_crypto_ctx_release(ecdsa_ctx);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+SEC("syscall")
+int test_ecdsa_size_queries(void *ctx)
+{
+ struct bpf_crypto_ctx *ecdsa_ctx;
+ struct bpf_crypto_params params = {
+ .type = "sig",
+ .algo = "p1363(ecdsa-nist-p256)",
+ .key_len = sizeof(pubkey_p256),
+ };
+ int err = 0;
+
+ __builtin_memcpy(params.key, pubkey_p256, sizeof(pubkey_p256));
+
+ ecdsa_ctx = bpf_crypto_ctx_create(&params, sizeof(params), &err);
+ if (!ecdsa_ctx)
+ return 0;
+
+ keysize_result = bpf_ecdsa_keysize(ecdsa_ctx);
+ digestsize_result = bpf_ecdsa_digestsize(ecdsa_ctx);
+ maxsize_result = bpf_ecdsa_maxsize(ecdsa_ctx);
+
+ bpf_crypto_ctx_release(ecdsa_ctx);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+char __license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
--
2.51.0