From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from mail-pf1-f200.google.com (mail-pf1-f200.google.com [209.85.210.200]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 64D793D9535 for ; Mon, 10 Aug 2026 22:55:06 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=209.85.210.200 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1786402508; cv=none; b=hD+YvJjdWpd6H/MAZVnKvTZV2Rm9X96jkSubERMnAuo0xCu6LDos5IHtDq+9AC9aWpJv5RpnF/F8VOFaMVXwP6n6rNdbLffwF910np6ZNgdRJnbAkFXGf+Gu9UT8EkkMRoE1I2D0cdE+Z/qom5D8H4reIv5sBilLS4gETXFndHc= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1786402508; c=relaxed/simple; bh=wLB7YDC5xsF+keI4em1HTCfj9TDcTp0KwwCz+Y/kJyA=; h=Date:In-Reply-To:Mime-Version:References:Message-ID:Subject:From: To:Cc:Content-Type; b=cbCtFD5YIvHzypPqD18H5/7CGkkQFDnz8SBti7zKoiJwZJWL+Kvc4bhqLQwCgaoqxTTOrfjnbevf19y4HmZHtcdCpvU8peHsxHo5VdJ1JutjnOGcXGiTF1/GXNDiVa3UfQbibwBF/1EBDUWl9FGBr7toWGZXBitGd1SqgB3bphQ= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=reject dis=none) header.from=google.com; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=flex--seanjc.bounces.google.com; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=google.com header.i=@google.com header.b=BU2j8ejd; arc=none smtp.client-ip=209.85.210.200 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=reject dis=none) header.from=google.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=flex--seanjc.bounces.google.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=google.com header.i=@google.com header.b="BU2j8ejd" Received: by mail-pf1-f200.google.com with SMTP id d2e1a72fcca58-8488ac68185so6524607b3a.2 for ; Mon, 10 Aug 2026 15:55:06 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=google.com; s=20251104; t=1786402506; x=1787007306; darn=vger.kernel.org; h=content-type:cc:to:from:subject:message-id:references:mime-version :in-reply-to:date:reply-to:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id :reply-to:content-type; bh=PzTkXY1O2YiLgBEN/U4cIdeKl7IFFDOnRDsOKpsivdg=; b=BU2j8ejd7MEl5tVX9B7vi3Uyj2CVmQRF8gd0vsaGJBny2MeF7ClGC9pSSCGwzqBD2H 7Q20TdsuPbs0QJu0xyhA3gVvks+32IVYxm6ErzNGJEmXlaHkN0YDXR6HWs8HhfrfEm/Z YGo5jQ27/axBhaZmG5WUDbiy1FSNkuY/rdFZ2SHiPi7MVgGoPRatu4bqDCx6AalduoOr JEDTTfgxfLvAvSlt0j7ZJjsPcd+YnqBA/mMlxzM8cxo3v8maMOalKrUZIIDwf9Zo3Ff9 /f2wDI59mC8Zt3dZk30rfk/hoEiZrSsuSmLzPqZOojdXWG9x+pMpVWqHfjS4F57tW3KC wEmw== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20251104; t=1786402506; x=1787007306; h=content-type:cc:to:from:subject:message-id:references:mime-version :in-reply-to:date:reply-to:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject :date:message-id:reply-to:content-type; bh=PzTkXY1O2YiLgBEN/U4cIdeKl7IFFDOnRDsOKpsivdg=; b=okANRrva2MhHSgfQX7cGSQSWUkECWNSUgs6agJBakjY4arVbPLdYt4vZydAtaUk0Ig NED0lGVmtGF1PVALOoNwd/eswJUH39QHRQ7M8sprgYk9T+N4M5pYENVDP0nnPGisDMDz cT2N8T/etR1hnQVuQxx1yTX4Pk1N0OuwCFbMMH0OULHDgzbQ4UzgsQO/8P+0aRHD6len q7HMcm8W41YFy4ObsWsO9/uYBvJy2lnJz9/S3qvIsgLqiTT5CYDY6r+zhFB0oRtlUYGo +4m1CBSdMe8fHjsikMs6d+rHybFsRsnUlVZy4l6MXIn6cfa9Q1e3y0FmjtWYNSm9wDP5 4jrA== X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=1; AHgh+RrMWmBqTy/H5GxpLe9lhPiUT9QWqLeJPk1Ngg0tuVFs4Oqtqnsust7xiMdUcQ6O1J96XQuOjQGVptg0f6I=@vger.kernel.org X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YzCOUIMkk3rPCwNuT9ysHiYQZ+xUdsQWAERxpLV5u8Si5ylzyi/ uV3O+OZK9n8wIsd5CL7q2qwy1o7F/ksnzPaLC8ib9scPq64rVbOBE687GBR0fOR4jxKYYEhh9As 03L9+xQ== X-Received: from pgww21.prod.google.com ([2002:a05:6a02:2c95:b0:cb2:54cf:afe5]) (user=seanjc job=prod-delivery.src-stubby-dispatcher) by 2002:a05:6a00:2985:b0:842:48ae:1d6c with SMTP id d2e1a72fcca58-84f696a146emr27046272b3a.24.1786402505563; Mon, 10 Aug 2026 15:55:05 -0700 (PDT) Reply-To: Sean Christopherson Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 15:54:40 -0700 In-Reply-To: <20260810225500.869288-1-seanjc@google.com> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Mime-Version: 1.0 References: <20260810225500.869288-1-seanjc@google.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.55.0.679.g6767b8d81c-goog Message-ID: <20260810225500.869288-3-seanjc@google.com> Subject: [PATCH v9 02/21] KVM: x86: Improve accuracy of KVM clock when TSC scaling is in force From: Sean Christopherson To: Sean Christopherson , Paolo Bonzini Cc: kvm@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Paul Durrant , David Woodhouse , Dongli Zhang Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" From: David Woodhouse The kvm_guest_time_update() function scales the host TSC frequency to the guest's using kvm_scale_tsc() and the v->arch.l1_tsc_scaling_ratio scaling ratio previously calculated for that vCPU. Then calculates the scaling factors for the KVM clock itself based on that guest TSC frequency. However, it uses kHz as the unit when scaling, and then multiplies by 1000 only at the end. With a host TSC frequency of 3000MHz and a guest set to 2500MHz, the result of kvm_scale_tsc() will actually come out at 2,499,999kHz. So the KVM clock advertised to the guest is based on a frequency of 2,499,999,000 Hz. By using Hz as the unit from the beginning, the KVM clock would be based on a more accurate frequency of 2,499,999,999 Hz in this example. Use u64 for the hw_tsc_hz field since an unsigned int would overflow for TSC frequencies above 4GHz. Use div_u64() for the Xen CPUID leaf to play nice with 32-bit kernels. Fixes: 78db6a503796 ("KVM: x86: rewrite handling of scaled TSC for kvmclock") Reviewed-by: Paul Durrant Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse Tested-by: Dongli Zhang Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson --- arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h | 2 +- arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c | 1 + arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 18 ++++++++++-------- 3 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h index 283847619ff8..6ddc988576d0 100644 --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h @@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_arch { gpa_t time; s8 pvclock_tsc_shift; u32 pvclock_tsc_mul; - unsigned int hw_tsc_khz; + u64 hw_tsc_hz; struct gfn_to_pfn_cache pv_time; /* set guest stopped flag in pvclock flags field */ bool pvclock_set_guest_stopped_request; diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c b/arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c index ddb022cb203a..ca26be88c204 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c @@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c index d3b47e38698c..ce6d155b2ee6 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c @@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include @@ -1763,7 +1764,8 @@ static void kvm_setup_guest_pvclock(struct pvclock_vcpu_time_info *ref_hv_clock, int kvm_guest_time_update(struct kvm_vcpu *v) { struct pvclock_vcpu_time_info hv_clock = {}; - unsigned long flags, tgt_tsc_khz; + unsigned long flags; + u64 tgt_tsc_hz; unsigned seq; struct kvm_vcpu_arch *vcpu = &v->arch; struct kvm_arch *ka = &v->kvm->arch; @@ -1789,8 +1791,8 @@ int kvm_guest_time_update(struct kvm_vcpu *v) /* Keep irq disabled to prevent changes to the clock */ local_irq_save(flags); - tgt_tsc_khz = get_cpu_tsc_khz(); - if (unlikely(tgt_tsc_khz == 0)) { + tgt_tsc_hz = (u64)get_cpu_tsc_khz() * HZ_PER_KHZ; + if (unlikely(tgt_tsc_hz == 0)) { local_irq_restore(flags); kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_CLOCK_UPDATE, v); return 1; @@ -1831,16 +1833,16 @@ int kvm_guest_time_update(struct kvm_vcpu *v) /* With all the info we got, fill in the values */ if (kvm_caps.has_tsc_control) { - tgt_tsc_khz = kvm_scale_tsc(tgt_tsc_khz, + tgt_tsc_hz = kvm_scale_tsc(tgt_tsc_hz, v->arch.l1_tsc_scaling_ratio); - tgt_tsc_khz = tgt_tsc_khz ? : 1; + tgt_tsc_hz = tgt_tsc_hz ? : 1; } - if (unlikely(vcpu->hw_tsc_khz != tgt_tsc_khz)) { - kvm_get_time_scale(NSEC_PER_SEC, tgt_tsc_khz * 1000LL, + if (unlikely(vcpu->hw_tsc_hz != tgt_tsc_hz)) { + kvm_get_time_scale(NSEC_PER_SEC, tgt_tsc_hz, &vcpu->pvclock_tsc_shift, &vcpu->pvclock_tsc_mul); - vcpu->hw_tsc_khz = tgt_tsc_khz; + vcpu->hw_tsc_hz = tgt_tsc_hz; } hv_clock.tsc_shift = vcpu->pvclock_tsc_shift; -- 2.55.0.679.g6767b8d81c-goog