[PATCH 17/62] xarray: Change definition of sibling entries

Matthew Wilcox
2017-11-22T21:22:30Z

Instead of storing a pointer to the slot containing the canonical entry,
store the offset of the slot. Produces slightly more efficient code
(~300 bytes) and simplifies the implementation.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
---
include/linux/xarray.h | 64 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
lib/radix-tree.c | 65 ++++++++++++++------------------------------------
2 files changed, 82 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/xarray.h b/include/linux/xarray.h
index b1da8021b5fa..b9e0350b9e90 100644
--- a/include/linux/xarray.h
+++ b/include/linux/xarray.h
@@ -84,6 +84,8 @@ static inline bool xa_is_value(void *entry)
return (unsigned long)entry & 1;
}

+/* Everything below here is the Advanced API. Proceed with caution. */
+
#define xa_trylock(xa) spin_trylock(&(xa)->xa_lock)
#define xa_lock(xa) spin_lock(&(xa)->xa_lock)
#define xa_unlock(xa) spin_unlock(&(xa)->xa_lock)
@@ -97,4 +99,66 @@ static inline bool xa_is_value(void *entry)
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&(xa)->xa_lock, flags)
#define xa_lock_held(xa) lockdep_is_held(&(xa)->xa_lock)

+/*
+ * The xarray is constructed out of a set of 'chunks' of pointers. Choosing
+ * the best chunk size requires some tradeoffs. A power of two recommends
+ * itself so that we can walk the tree based purely on shifts and masks.
+ * Generally, the larger the better; as the number of slots per level of the
+ * tree increases, the less tall the tree needs to be. But that needs to be
+ * balanced against the memory consumption of each node. On a 64-bit system,
+ * xa_node is currently 576 bytes, and we get 7 of them per 4kB page. If we
+ * doubled the number of slots per node, we'd get only 3 nodes per 4kB page.
+ */
+#ifndef XA_CHUNK_SHIFT
+#define XA_CHUNK_SHIFT (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 4 : 6)
+#endif
+#define XA_CHUNK_SIZE (1UL << XA_CHUNK_SHIFT)
+#define XA_CHUNK_MASK (XA_CHUNK_SIZE - 1)
+
+/*
+ * Internal entries have the bottom two bits set to the value 10b. Most
+ * internal entries are pointers to the next node in the tree. Since the
+ * kernel unmaps page 0 to trap NULL pointer dereferences, we can store up
+ * to 1024 distinct values in the tree. Values 0-62 are used for sibling
+ * entries. The retry entry is value 256.
+ */
+static inline void *xa_mk_internal(unsigned long v)
+{
+ return (void *)((v << 2) | 2);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long xa_to_internal(void *entry)
+{
+ return (unsigned long)entry >> 2;
+}
+
+static inline bool xa_is_internal(void *entry)
+{
+ return ((unsigned long)entry & 3) == 2;
+}
+
+static inline bool xa_is_node(void *entry)
+{
+ return xa_is_internal(entry) && (unsigned long)entry > 4096;
+}
+
+static inline void *xa_mk_sibling(unsigned int offset)
+{
+ return xa_mk_internal(offset);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long xa_to_sibling(void *entry)
+{
+ return xa_to_internal(entry);
+}
+
+static inline bool xa_is_sibling(void *entry)
+{
+ return IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER) &&
+ xa_is_internal(entry) &&
+ (entry < xa_mk_sibling(XA_CHUNK_SIZE - 1));
+}
+
+#define XA_RETRY_ENTRY xa_mk_internal(256)
+
#endif /* _LINUX_XARRAY_H */
diff --git a/lib/radix-tree.c b/lib/radix-tree.c
index 30e49b89aa3b..4a1091e31932 100644
--- a/lib/radix-tree.c
+++ b/lib/radix-tree.c
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/xarray.h>

/* Number of nodes in fully populated tree of given height */
@@ -97,24 +98,7 @@ static inline void *node_to_entry(void *ptr)
return (void *)((unsigned long)ptr | RADIX_TREE_INTERNAL_NODE);
}

-#define RADIX_TREE_RETRY node_to_entry(NULL)
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
-/* Sibling slots point directly to another slot in the same node */
-static inline
-bool is_sibling_entry(const struct radix_tree_node *parent, void *node)
-{
- void __rcu **ptr = node;
- return (parent->slots <= ptr) &&
- (ptr < parent->slots + RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE);
-}
-#else
-static inline
-bool is_sibling_entry(const struct radix_tree_node *parent, void *node)
-{
- return false;
-}
-#endif
+#define RADIX_TREE_RETRY XA_RETRY_ENTRY

static inline unsigned long
get_slot_offset(const struct radix_tree_node *parent, void __rcu **slot)
@@ -128,16 +112,10 @@ static unsigned int radix_tree_descend(const struct radix_tree_node *parent,
unsigned int offset = (index >> parent->shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
void __rcu **entry = rcu_dereference_raw(parent->slots[offset]);

-#ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
- if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(entry)) {
- if (is_sibling_entry(parent, entry)) {
- void __rcu **sibentry;
- sibentry = (void __rcu **) entry_to_node(entry);
- offset = get_slot_offset(parent, sibentry);
- entry = rcu_dereference_raw(*sibentry);
- }
+ if (xa_is_sibling(entry)) {
+ offset = xa_to_sibling(entry);
+ entry = rcu_dereference_raw(parent->slots[offset]);
}
-#endif

*nodep = (void *)entry;
return offset;
@@ -299,10 +277,10 @@ static void dump_node(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned long index)
} else if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(entry)) {
pr_debug("radix entry %p offset %ld indices %lu-%lu parent %p\n",
entry, i, first, last, node);
- } else if (is_sibling_entry(node, entry)) {
+ } else if (xa_is_sibling(entry)) {
pr_debug("radix sblng %p offset %ld indices %lu-%lu parent %p val %p\n",
entry, i, first, last, node,
- *(void **)entry_to_node(entry));
+ node->slots[xa_to_sibling(entry)]);
} else {
dump_node(entry_to_node(entry), first);
}
@@ -872,8 +850,7 @@ static void radix_tree_free_nodes(struct radix_tree_node *node)

for (;;) {
void *entry = rcu_dereference_raw(child->slots[offset]);
- if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(entry) &&
- !is_sibling_entry(child, entry)) {
+ if (xa_is_node(entry)) {
child = entry_to_node(entry);
offset = 0;
continue;
@@ -895,7 +872,7 @@ static void radix_tree_free_nodes(struct radix_tree_node *node)
static inline int insert_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
void __rcu **slot, void *item, unsigned order, bool replace)
{
- struct radix_tree_node *child;
+ void *sibling;
unsigned i, n, tag, offset, tags = 0;

if (node) {
@@ -913,7 +890,7 @@ static inline int insert_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
offset = offset & ~(n - 1);
slot = &node->slots[offset];
}
- child = node_to_entry(slot);
+ sibling = xa_mk_sibling(offset);

for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (slot[i]) {
@@ -930,7 +907,7 @@ static inline int insert_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
struct radix_tree_node *old = rcu_dereference_raw(slot[i]);
if (i) {
- rcu_assign_pointer(slot[i], child);
+ rcu_assign_pointer(slot[i], sibling);
for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
if (tags & (1 << tag))
tag_clear(node, tag, offset + i);
@@ -940,9 +917,7 @@ static inline int insert_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
if (tags & (1 << tag))
tag_set(node, tag, offset);
}
- if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(old) &&
- !is_sibling_entry(node, old) &&
- (old != RADIX_TREE_RETRY))
+ if (xa_is_node(old))
radix_tree_free_nodes(old);
if (xa_is_value(old))
node->exceptional--;
@@ -1101,10 +1076,10 @@ static inline void replace_sibling_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
void __rcu **slot, int count, int exceptional)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
- void *ptr = node_to_entry(slot);
- unsigned offset = get_slot_offset(node, slot) + 1;
+ unsigned offset = get_slot_offset(node, slot);
+ void *ptr = xa_mk_sibling(offset);

- while (offset < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
+ while (++offset < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
if (rcu_dereference_raw(node->slots[offset]) != ptr)
break;
if (count < 0) {
@@ -1112,7 +1087,6 @@ static inline void replace_sibling_entries(struct radix_tree_node *node,
node->count--;
}
node->exceptional += exceptional;
- offset++;
}
#endif
}
@@ -1311,8 +1285,7 @@ int radix_tree_split(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index,
tags |= 1 << tag;

for (end = offset + 1; end < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE; end++) {
- if (!is_sibling_entry(parent,
- rcu_dereference_raw(parent->slots[end])))
+ if (!xa_is_sibling(rcu_dereference_raw(parent->slots[end])))
break;
for (tag = 0; tag < RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS; tag++)
if (tags & (1 << tag))
@@ -1608,11 +1581,9 @@ static void set_iter_tags(struct radix_tree_iter *iter,
static void __rcu **skip_siblings(struct radix_tree_node **nodep,
void __rcu **slot, struct radix_tree_iter *iter)
{
- void *sib = node_to_entry(slot - 1);
-
while (iter->index < iter->next_index) {
*nodep = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
- if (*nodep && *nodep != sib)
+ if (*nodep && !xa_is_sibling(*nodep))
return slot;
slot++;
iter->index = __radix_tree_iter_add(iter, 1);
@@ -1763,7 +1734,7 @@ void __rcu **radix_tree_next_chunk(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
while (++offset < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE) {
void *slot = rcu_dereference_raw(
node->slots[offset]);
- if (is_sibling_entry(node, slot))
+ if (xa_is_sibling(slot))
continue;
if (slot)
break;
--
2.15.0