From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S264321AbTKUHqb (ORCPT ); Fri, 21 Nov 2003 02:46:31 -0500 Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org id S264320AbTKUHqb (ORCPT ); Fri, 21 Nov 2003 02:46:31 -0500 Received: from adsl-b4-98-13.telepac.pt ([81.193.98.13]:29376 "EHLO puma-vgertech.no-ip.com") by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S264321AbTKUHq3 (ORCPT ); Fri, 21 Nov 2003 02:46:29 -0500 Message-ID: <3FBDC30E.2090200@vgertech.com> Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2003 07:47:26 +0000 From: Nuno Silva Organization: VGER, LDA User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.5) Gecko/20031107 Debian/1.5-3 X-Accept-Language: en-us, pt MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Linus Torvalds Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" , linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Subject: Re: Announce: ndiswrapper References: In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Linus Torvalds wrote: [...] > > > That may be the politically sensitive (except to Intel) correct answer, > but in the end I suspect that the _real_ answer is that ring 1/2 are just > fundamentally useless, and it has nothing to do with x86 implementation > semantics or anything else. > (A bit OT, but...) Hi Linus! The good people at Cambridge made a (very nice) VMM that exploits ring0/1/3 to let one machine run various kernels independently (the kernels need to be ported to the xen arch). Xen itself executes in ring0 and the "guest" operating systems execute in ring1. User code runs in ring3, as usual. They have linux running under xen ;) The project's home page is at http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/Research/SRG/netos/xen/ and one paper describing the whole thing is here: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/netos/papers/2003-xensosp.pdf Regards, Nuno Silva