From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from CWXP265CU010.outbound.protection.outlook.com (mail-ukwestazon11022141.outbound.protection.outlook.com [52.101.101.141]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 176303EBF1B; Fri, 23 Jan 2026 18:04:50 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=fail smtp.client-ip=52.101.101.141 ARC-Seal:i=2; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1769191492; cv=fail; b=HIA62G4Jp7r0P0SE72Y8DvpcCY+921lzDXAYbEc3hh95V7I9gE5b09EqP9Y2/LBaBvfv/Ogev62K6crR2Moiod52lmYgDlrTlTl6ifXS7TQY79NmlLPp8MSSgK4PuSVoZQYBaZiKngFMaja4QSbnuHcRz6CV7LFP9XX2atduNn4= ARC-Message-Signature:i=2; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1769191492; c=relaxed/simple; bh=wYWKWbnyNhfWFqft7IwinA6sN+gt2/+Ee/fFZLoVzzs=; h=Content-Type:Date:Message-Id:Cc:Subject:From:To:References: In-Reply-To:MIME-Version; b=mLt7F827O2HDCaIaQiB4ENBsW9e8QEKLS4PL/rYa6ETzavsLBMtWeILhHbfY4qFs0ixywbhAcnhcx6F2WDqFN0Ej1JQIec2dR08pv04xJ9jNHZA9KlPy77PcykQqU0q6krK4xkJys1hMcf1L45HCRUGZ5VgvllnQVNLCHP1/keU= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=2; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=garyguo.net; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=garyguo.net; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=garyguo.net header.i=@garyguo.net header.b=s1U0ZZYA; arc=fail smtp.client-ip=52.101.101.141 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=garyguo.net Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=garyguo.net Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=garyguo.net header.i=@garyguo.net header.b="s1U0ZZYA" ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; s=arcselector10001; d=microsoft.com; cv=none; b=nAuzLeZWs9hGyPlggIDwEYFHaGjb2iEq/BsDI7FN42+TMtqaGq6v3bthG+YjKBzyWaa51VKjSqdinMcSK18OckMoUQmdmJZDHcpBJaWHrpp07S0z/Oj/+otIEXGvFxnGzCpWkHy2Ndfxec2x05YKHhpIsDt6NO6Z1ElmyB92I8n4h48RZxSGYqemElGiv4TZGmVasCZLRHVQ7gaKfcWSmNXYC3wFHaklF7+q2uRH3rmc9EpKqAMtgO5s1hAbmTg9WnI7YxcS3Ws1TaNaNZe51I1HAMFhCJiNlh2te36PV1EcLX72l7ubGTdqFV0YD8qUgi5o9hg0qpNm4PHtZ/mMfw== ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=microsoft.com; s=arcselector10001; h=From:Date:Subject:Message-ID:Content-Type:MIME-Version:X-MS-Exchange-AntiSpam-MessageData-ChunkCount:X-MS-Exchange-AntiSpam-MessageData-0:X-MS-Exchange-AntiSpam-MessageData-1; bh=wYWKWbnyNhfWFqft7IwinA6sN+gt2/+Ee/fFZLoVzzs=; b=yqfmcpKknOzgA+dpNn8SzpU10xabVD/+PZEOPnxatAYcQLAOxdkT7s5a1VMj0c0Y/d14/gC+lgoIlwVICbRMaE+ibFTxEtqAmFswAUomFlT5KHJZlq3SXZ1kZjcUninTGk25Cj1ld/31nnWeu9CHAReVhbKlqRGZY4JE577bQrvYhxRS+1hjLC8gk32O7iVralxphECP6xf/knzFETRXp8BoX4RYk/Byyw9Rr+yKhQzj7a+4aDKjU+LMvsSZyxJHmxz4cMyIBHvTG7t9lsiqu6lGDvewYoPgn1NsSxXokyli+PlqkQRoxirHpl8GaoRVQ29jb6dnjk+7KZp9nGLnew== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx.microsoft.com 1; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=garyguo.net; dmarc=pass action=none header.from=garyguo.net; dkim=pass header.d=garyguo.net; arc=none DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=garyguo.net; s=selector1; h=From:Date:Subject:Message-ID:Content-Type:MIME-Version:X-MS-Exchange-SenderADCheck; bh=wYWKWbnyNhfWFqft7IwinA6sN+gt2/+Ee/fFZLoVzzs=; b=s1U0ZZYAv8r6xBof3XWGVp48Bum6kl6/Mv3t9e60ZQZ4XooJAfrt5DXLwa+QyipUBkruDv3hSEM1Od/BfKQ4HW+1WYH5+LUwKpXIFPNoMiRmF6asrh2ItT8PiYMHBG1ty58BcfbWYRRN473WLfYKSpjwbmTE6+kXPXFvJNsCqNE= Authentication-Results: dkim=none (message not signed) header.d=none;dmarc=none action=none header.from=garyguo.net; Received: from LOVP265MB8871.GBRP265.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM (2603:10a6:600:488::16) by LOBP265MB8753.GBRP265.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM (2603:10a6:600:490::10) with Microsoft SMTP Server (version=TLS1_2, cipher=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id 15.20.9542.11; Fri, 23 Jan 2026 18:04:48 +0000 Received: from LOVP265MB8871.GBRP265.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM ([fe80::1c3:ceba:21b4:9986]) by LOVP265MB8871.GBRP265.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM ([fe80::1c3:ceba:21b4:9986%5]) with mapi id 15.20.9542.010; Fri, 23 Jan 2026 18:04:48 +0000 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Date: Fri, 23 Jan 2026 18:04:47 +0000 Message-Id: Cc: "Alexandre Courbot" , "Joel Fernandes" , "Alistair Popple" , "Zhi Wang" , "Simona Vetter" , "Bjorn Helgaas" , "Miguel Ojeda" , "Alex Gaynor" , "Boqun Feng" , =?utf-8?q?Bj=C3=B6rn_Roy_Baron?= , "Benno Lossin" , "Andreas Hindborg" , "Alice Ryhl" , "Trevor Gross" , , , "LKML" , "Gent Binaku" Subject: Re: [PATCH 01/31] gpu: nova-core: print FB sizes, along with ranges From: "Gary Guo" To: "John Hubbard" , "Gary Guo" , "Danilo Krummrich" X-Mailer: aerc 0.21.0 References: <20251203055923.1247681-1-jhubbard@nvidia.com> <20251203055923.1247681-2-jhubbard@nvidia.com> <03f705dd-0135-40e8-9003-5d2a626bc439@nvidia.com> <6d325ce0-f5b6-4e81-9f66-d48d1e9e2000@nvidia.com> In-Reply-To: <6d325ce0-f5b6-4e81-9f66-d48d1e9e2000@nvidia.com> X-ClientProxiedBy: LNXP265CA0052.GBRP265.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM (2603:10a6:600:5d::16) To LOVP265MB8871.GBRP265.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM (2603:10a6:600:488::16) Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 X-MS-PublicTrafficType: Email X-MS-TrafficTypeDiagnostic: LOVP265MB8871:EE_|LOBP265MB8753:EE_ X-MS-Office365-Filtering-Correlation-Id: e059c122-f389-4de7-b0b8-08de5aa9e57c X-MS-Exchange-SenderADCheck: 1 X-MS-Exchange-AntiSpam-Relay: 0 X-Microsoft-Antispam: BCL:0;ARA:13230040|10070799003|366016|1800799024|7416014|376014; X-Microsoft-Antispam-Message-Info: =?utf-8?B?aVcyMG5jVmtYWkUwVTJzZkw4dGhIWlFmd3VoeW9BWVhzYWJBcjI0UjBvZWxI?= =?utf-8?B?R2VTSTAzYTFXUGRaNHRCZEJaSTJGd0FUYTVUM0lub05CSUpPSXI4REhwSUox?= =?utf-8?B?YVFHSXFMb2VEWFREN1g1UHN0YmZiQ05oZjlOTFNBUjlCMEFLZEZSQjViSFJH?= =?utf-8?B?S3NlNEZ3L1hXdDA1RkROdCtFcUJuSnBlR080VEZJN0JHY2JzNlNJbnd1V2VU?= =?utf-8?B?T1VjcTQrc0VxdGxqSmVZSTU2eFVZTlB2Wnl6NTVDcE5IdU03TXVkYlczNEJP?= =?utf-8?B?VTdmbE5jdTRWWnJ5ejhxaFc0UExkZFhkVkxneXphK0RzU3dkQ1VpdWFsTWRo?= =?utf-8?B?TWpXY0M0bE96M3FqT2d6NDBsVWxIK0tuY0FUSDZFWFJ3U241amN0M290bUto?= =?utf-8?B?dWU3eDh0UWRlWHFjSm14akoxNmFmV0MzelFyWGxJOHVSYlN1VXFhay9DNWZ6?= =?utf-8?B?MTNRbzRXZGRKTGNXNGphVFlpV0c5Ym4zaXZTbVJIcVlCKzlUV09WWW1FU2FV?= =?utf-8?B?OHhGL2xsWUQzejRVOCtZSXpaRmRqaTFrb2hqN1VNZWg4cVVDR2NvTThmVXlU?= =?utf-8?B?MnJEZ1NXeldEN1ZCUjBaS1ZTVzhVYUQrdE8rT0pTU0tXZUlEZnR5MUxwYU85?= =?utf-8?B?c3RJd2o3OHFRa0g0eVNZY1ptVnVhVk1yK2h5ZVF1eXhDbG1naU1rMjFJTzN2?= =?utf-8?B?eDdjb0duQUFkdW5pSmkwUTF4ZG1nWlpIYUtKSEhpSzFIVDh3NVg5Uk1kN0Vl?= =?utf-8?B?bTkvcEwxT1pHSm05TlRVL0tIZGw0Z0NYTnRrMXJwQ1JMYU9CMG9Pb3ZsR0E5?= =?utf-8?B?ZnRMV0lDZkxJaHdBZWFLZUJQT04rUzd6MU9jRU5LUitiRzNFR0w2cUxycWZo?= =?utf-8?B?M2NzQ1FTekxTQTd1SXR1ZVNJTnJvZzhrZ0IvRlFuc2lqckNkRXJEU3hsS2p5?= =?utf-8?B?T1U2VytzbEhaMW1nME00QVc0Tk5GSjNKSHljMGdxeko1VE93WTFOQ1JhQ1pj?= =?utf-8?B?L1V1SGNURklYN3lsaFB0RjBqdkhkcklROEN6aUNRUldhcHdmYUxsTzg4TjlI?= =?utf-8?B?RE1oVE02ak02ayttK0dhQmNlZ2lHS1JIWGx4ZVRVTGlmdDNFQmwzQ1NtZWtN?= =?utf-8?B?ZTgwcytIbk53WWU1T0wxZ2NDU3IzWUExSzJTbGlrSkg4cWVpMnMvSXNWNTMx?= =?utf-8?B?U013RlhBL0hlSzFSbXljMmhUdm5FLzROYTRJM205RjVibkU3VjhZTFRwOXpU?= =?utf-8?B?bDM0eDdTUnRmaVpSWGwzUUhScHJKaWVLbklBQW13S0NCS3FMbkxEbUQ1Ymhl?= =?utf-8?B?RFM1RGxoUGwyQmhnWDRVUkVGZjBZMklCRGxRa3MxKzdlbGRrKzBxSWowd05D?= =?utf-8?B?NloxZlpZL1hJVEszVktiRXBoblZPVW80d25TbDB0L09HZk1GaldKR0pVVTVX?= =?utf-8?B?Q3orMWNqaldKVjNwQ083NEt4c0VlMkVPb3hwS280L0RLZW9KV1U4cko2VjhE?= =?utf-8?B?d3k4VUs4eVc5NFpzS2pNQlh6R0FjMksvZ0hmVXBoeTlzS3F5WUhZdmhXTWNV?= =?utf-8?B?MEsybUR6V0ZkaGo0RHUrNExhdHg0QkNOOFl2bUowV21qM3lYdlR5Mi8rZkU1?= =?utf-8?B?VDUzY2R6QXMydm1tdW8xYytFWGRQdXNCM3FsT3F1TitUSGk5cHg1UmFjZ2sx?= =?utf-8?B?dE5yQS9idGt4c1N2UUt5ZWxmd2NnT1FyTE44cmNQd1hDQUcxQ2g1SmEvQ2Jt?= =?utf-8?B?UTJBRHJvMmhpNlIyWHFxMUVlbnpRK2hDQ3lJU1dxblFFdElPSXZPZnJFS0xL?= =?utf-8?B?YUx0Yzk1U2JIQVcwdGJKVjA5eTc1T211YytwZEs1YWdydXJIODgvaFY0YytL?= =?utf-8?B?cHcrV2k1YnRKNFRvUDhUWjhHV1lkQUdHS003U3FoRTNJT2Q1UHd1aVEwSFRt?= =?utf-8?B?cVFuVmdKam9PdWlvc0EvbHJjdzFXSXBDQzFtY0RLanZhbXo5dVVpQWlGS3Fh?= =?utf-8?B?K3FNbjd5U3l5SjNKMVcwZGZEcnJEY0hKYXVqanBpc1NXU0h2SDJwTkNocTUy?= =?utf-8?B?UDh2dFAwYUwraDgrVHNDNEdVSmNlQStNem9DSEE3SE93MEtldmpubEVaNW9G?= =?utf-8?Q?UX3A=3D?= X-Forefront-Antispam-Report: CIP:255.255.255.255;CTRY:;LANG:en;SCL:1;SRV:;IPV:NLI;SFV:NSPM;H:LOVP265MB8871.GBRP265.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM;PTR:;CAT:NONE;SFS:(13230040)(10070799003)(366016)(1800799024)(7416014)(376014);DIR:OUT;SFP:1102; X-MS-Exchange-AntiSpam-MessageData-ChunkCount: 1 X-MS-Exchange-AntiSpam-MessageData-0: =?utf-8?B?dm9UdUI3dFlXUUpFaHpZancyNmxNdzE0alAvMGZGVzdaWEN4SjBVaU93RzBl?= =?utf-8?B?TDQyZHMyU1cwTmxXUkZPM3l6MHh1clFtNldDUzh1VENMS3lnaGQzUGt6T0hV?= =?utf-8?B?bkN6MzdRVDUrL2JnNllEYVUwdFFGVmlWWlFlQ0ZxdFR2R2NVRVBIcmdvSG9x?= =?utf-8?B?Y2pkcEFFb1dFNVFtRlZZTXdrUXBFalB0MW5VWE9hWU9rUWo1RTJZYUx1cEdE?= =?utf-8?B?L0ZvLzNyVUxCWmtFVHNNRHlhVTVMZUE0d0tYMzNOZElLRHUyM1IxUXpZU2hC?= =?utf-8?B?SjlUL0N5eEFCei9LRU9pemg3dndjN0g3VXRjQTBGNG1WTlQ0NmJaa1k4TXdD?= =?utf-8?B?d2p4OEZNVU52UXR4WVJMOEdoWGZSUU5rajlTRnBPTGFSV0ZtRmhPQzBQZkRw?= =?utf-8?B?OEdUOFMxa0NrUGFzUERlUW92T3hjeG9mWEhoQXoxeXc0ZDArMStPWlE2WWRM?= =?utf-8?B?Y2F3NjdjK3ZXQU5jZ2lkK0NIOVRZWTlFVG9kNklVWTZ4VlgrN1pLbkdKakh4?= =?utf-8?B?bkxqSXJ4L0Y2dVozTGkyVnVCeWJ2U3JCakNtRm15SzN4RXpEUFZUeFZPQURt?= =?utf-8?B?VFk1UUFJdzVXcS80dG5UWnVMZDgrS083WktuR3d0ZkoyT0pweTRkQTVLY2Fm?= =?utf-8?B?VkxXeHRoR3IyVTVZMlFISzZrSVl1NTBVbmFhMCtQZjlBZzFVRisrUkZwZ3Fm?= =?utf-8?B?RWZpb1oxT2pKZjdxYWE0dGM4K1hJRmhiUzl0ampTKzM4VzRxb0pqWUJ3cE90?= =?utf-8?B?SWFOcjNFME5EZFNiS0VicUNYQUdvYWZaQnhDblgyVjZuMEpxTEZBbXRNOE9B?= =?utf-8?B?WEMzSTN2RkxDOGoxYTFQSWsxSWNDQThrK0Nlc3ZrU3dpNDd4a0pGSG4rTk5T?= =?utf-8?B?a3BrNk0yczBYYktCNG1uL3BiWmp3ZnN1aWJHRnU1d0h6R0V6UlIwWTU0eDJY?= =?utf-8?B?di9wQ3ArTEt2cHJLNHdFNUlQMkFqRS9kQWR6ZUMwald3WGVqNnVRL3Fkd2RJ?= =?utf-8?B?QkVSRkFzQUpkM3pLSld4MkZkWDFNcVFuQzRETWxhYkx2ekcvVVZYWUM5cU5N?= =?utf-8?B?NHBMRE9FMVJCYzh5RnlMV2xMOFNnRzJZb1V4cFFYT3dFd1ZoSklPUXdBRFBO?= =?utf-8?B?VDRkdEtNTTRqRldYUnIwYUdHcEtuNHlMVHdENVNpR3VEQ1BEcENhNlN3Zm4w?= =?utf-8?B?WFpoWjdBRkk3SzNvWTBwMzZNQnNYdlVIUGJJZlVaRzd5N2V4WStnMURlRlFn?= =?utf-8?B?eHRQaVJPZDhwand0QnpkOU9FSk5sMGF3aDhpcE9RYjBMQzUxU3Q4MlNJOEhI?= =?utf-8?B?b0txbm16cjJ3K2dpUnE2MWlETzF2eitaRGsweHdWSXNmS0MyTnJoNWhhM1ZT?= =?utf-8?B?bzI1eExMVzQ3NE0ySUFDSWJMa0ZveUNDSnFDTVBwdnB2QmFhdEtLcGo3ZGFs?= =?utf-8?B?K3JKak9FaE4xa3ErVHJKT0VUMmJuYUVVbzA4aHkyaDVxK0hSSkVBaFZTbS85?= =?utf-8?B?MVlPOGpVakJRdFNPQk9zOUpPQ3MvVWt2TU1lVEJ1SU0zVTFTN094b0VCN2xs?= =?utf-8?B?NmY1STNCd29KQmx0RlI1bGgzdHNQbHNLdUxZcUhXSjRIa3NWVmJ4OG5lZk0z?= =?utf-8?B?Wkh4ZGNxNjFDMUFqNWlHa3F5QTdDSnk1MGlyUmtZNmVZa3lhUHg3U1RFQTM3?= =?utf-8?B?MmVFSHFPa28rZEhwdTBPVGZlYnVGSzdGTTVjSXB1b2liQmE0Y2NEakxqYWFw?= =?utf-8?B?TStNb0lXbzFjZVhYUXkydVhjVXFoM1FTQWIyNDBKbXg1Wkptb2xLMlhCNWM4?= =?utf-8?B?RXp0czNlOVh1V2VQakJCNlZlVHpwSkdKaXg1MTVLcVJlR1BOUFFZdElsZ2VS?= =?utf-8?B?VTQ5NUs0a2dFOTRWdU1WYlRLQlk4RmNUV3ZmS1lvSmI2YWJ2M3I3TndvOVFV?= =?utf-8?B?ZnZpMExQRnFoZzJ5enFLbE9QOHVFNkZVTjdmQ3pvZ0MrRlFZMFJ6N0g2Nm00?= =?utf-8?B?dUQ1ekxDWXYrWXBNblpBNzRmdGh0WGJmNTNoeHZpYjYrSXM5bWFkQkI2dTE5?= =?utf-8?B?SDVxR2d3TEpCWTY4dGhPOFdiMmcwNy9nVjFvWDVrY0N5Njd0bnNWbkYrZUl4?= =?utf-8?B?VGNYM2ppTjVTdmNJOGZPWFIvSE1zVDJVOTlGNGEzOTBoME9nTkNqT1FYSVRq?= =?utf-8?B?dVhRM20zL2E3bW11WkpVQm8ybDBLZDlPb3RHSzExOXZhNDVuSWphNEprazFh?= =?utf-8?B?TW1nSVN6MWUrMjh6Y1gvRHhtMDlIcWxHU3YvN1VZcGRpRjFvQmNPNjEvVHpm?= =?utf-8?B?M0FJcUhvS0N0VzRnMjhwbURWU0M0UDhPWHptQ0QweG94S1pMOUg0dz09?= X-OriginatorOrg: garyguo.net X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-Network-Message-Id: e059c122-f389-4de7-b0b8-08de5aa9e57c X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-AuthSource: LOVP265MB8871.GBRP265.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-AuthAs: Internal X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-OriginalArrivalTime: 23 Jan 2026 18:04:48.0079 (UTC) X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-FromEntityHeader: Hosted X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-Id: bbc898ad-b10f-4e10-8552-d9377b823d45 X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-MailboxType: HOSTED X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-UserPrincipalName: nBlExbzlGpRmOzm9DfTs5nO7vCjSEy7Y+5CXlGs1Wac08VYNSHT3tcJptTKtbv3/Jg5m5ydwMa9eiTYhqywYZw== X-MS-Exchange-Transport-CrossTenantHeadersStamped: LOBP265MB8753 On Fri Jan 23, 2026 at 3:09 AM GMT, John Hubbard wrote: > On 1/13/26 6:23 PM, John Hubbard wrote: >> On 1/13/26 5:28 AM, Gary Guo wrote: >>> On Wed Dec 3, 2025 at 5:58 AM GMT, John Hubbard wrote: >> ... >>>> +pub(crate) struct FbRange(Range); >>> >>> How useful do you think this is in general? Would it make sense to have= a >>> dedicated PhysAddrRange type in kernel crate that provides this feature= ? > > I still like this general direction. > >>=20 >> Pretty useful. Yes that sounds like a good move. And I see from Miguel's >> reply that Gent Binaku (+CC) has a patch that proposes adding a=20 >> PhysAddrRange. I'll go review it in detail. > > (correction: PhysAddr, actually. No PhysAddrRange just yet.)=20 > > OK, I looked into this in some detail. Based on my experience with this > area in HMM (a linux-mm feature that deals with both CPU and GPU memory > addresses), I'm pretty solidly convinced that PhysAddr is meant for CPU > physical addresses. > > FbRange, on the other hand, is intended for VRAM (a GPU's dedicated > memory), which is often in a separate address space. So these should not > be the same Rust type. We'll likely want separate types for CPU, GPU > (or "device") memory, and even DMA memory. > > In order to avoid seriously derailing the review of this Blackwell > series, I'm going to continue that thought, in more detail, as part of > my review of the PhysAddr patch [1]. > > Meanwhile, I propose letting this aspect of this series remain as-is. Fair. Although an always u64 type could still be useful in general, just li= ke drm_buddy/gpu_buddy. I would imagine some accelerator wanting things simila= r too. Of course we can always have this start as Nova-specific and move out as ne= eded. Best, Gary > > > [1] https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20251122055256.264180-1-binaku= gent@gmail.com/ > > thanks,