Re: [PATCH] KVM:SVM: Flush cache only on CPUs running SEV guest

Tom Lendacky
2024-03-05T22:51:32Z

On 3/4/24 11:55, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> +Tom
>
> "KVM: SVM:" for the shortlog scope.
>
> On Fri, Mar 01, 2024, Zheyun Shen wrote:
>> On AMD CPUs without ensuring cache consistency, each memory page reclamation in
>> an SEV guest triggers a call to wbinvd_on_all_cpus, thereby affecting the
>> performance of other programs on the host.
>>
>> Typically, an AMD server may have 128 cores or more, while the SEV guest might only
>> utilize 8 of these cores. Meanwhile, host can use qemu-affinity to bind these 8 vCPUs
>> to specific physical CPUs.
>>
>> Therefore, keeping a record of the physical core numbers each time a vCPU runs
>> can help avoid flushing the cache for all CPUs every time.
>
> This needs an unequivocal statement from AMD that flushing caches only on CPUs
> that do VMRUN is sufficient. That sounds like it should be obviously correct,
> as I don't see how else a cache line can be dirtied for the encrypted PA, but
> this entire non-coherent caches mess makes me more than a bit paranoid.

As long as the wbinvd_on_all_cpus() related to the ASID flushing isn't
changed, this should be ok. And the code currently flushes the source
pages when doing LAUNCH_UPDATE commands and adding encrypted regions, so
should be good there.

Would it make sense to make this configurable, with the current behavior
the default, until testing looks good for a while?

Thanks,
Tom

>
>> Signed-off-by: Zheyun Shen <szy0127@sjtu.edu.cn>
>> ---
>> arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h | 1 +
>> arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++----
>> arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c | 4 ++++
>> arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h | 3 +++
>> arch/x86/lib/cache-smp.c | 7 +++++++
>> 5 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h
>> index 4fab2ed45..19297202b 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h
>> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h
>> @@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ void native_play_dead(void);
>> void play_dead_common(void);
>> void wbinvd_on_cpu(int cpu);
>> int wbinvd_on_all_cpus(void);
>> +int wbinvd_on_cpus(struct cpumask *cpumask);
>
> KVM already has an internal helper that does this, see kvm_emulate_wbinvd_noskip().
> I'm not necessarily advocating that we keep KVM's internal code, but I don't want
> two ways of doing the same thing.
>
>> void smp_kick_mwait_play_dead(void);
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
>> index f760106c3..b6ed9a878 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
>> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
>> @@ -215,6 +215,21 @@ static void sev_asid_free(struct kvm_sev_info *sev)
>> sev->misc_cg = NULL;
>> }
>>
>> +struct cpumask *sev_get_cpumask(struct kvm *kvm)
>> +{
>> + struct kvm_sev_info *sev = &to_kvm_svm(kvm)->sev_info;
>> +
>> + return &sev->cpumask;
>> +}
>> +
>> +void sev_clear_cpumask(struct kvm *kvm)
>> +{
>> + struct kvm_sev_info *sev = &to_kvm_svm(kvm)->sev_info;
>> +
>> + cpumask_clear(&sev->cpumask);
>> +}
>> +
>> +
>
> Unnecessary newline. But I would just delete these helpers.
>
>> static void sev_decommission(unsigned int handle)
>> {
>> struct sev_data_decommission decommission;
>> @@ -255,6 +270,7 @@ static int sev_guest_init(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_sev_cmd *argp)
>> if (unlikely(sev->active))
>> return ret;
>>
>> + cpumask_clear(&sev->cpumask);
>
> This is unnecessary, the mask is zero allocated.
>
>> sev->active = true;
>> sev->es_active = argp->id == KVM_SEV_ES_INIT;
>> asid = sev_asid_new(sev);
>> @@ -2048,7 +2064,8 @@ int sev_mem_enc_unregister_region(struct kvm *kvm,
>> * releasing the pages back to the system for use. CLFLUSH will
>> * not do this, so issue a WBINVD.
>> */
>> - wbinvd_on_all_cpus();
>> + wbinvd_on_cpus(sev_get_cpumask(kvm));
>> + sev_clear_cpumask(kvm);
>
> Instead of copy+paste WBINVD+cpumask_clear() everywhere, add a prep patch to
> replace relevant open coded calls to wbinvd_on_all_cpus() with calls to
> sev_guest_memory_reclaimed(). Then only sev_guest_memory_reclaimed() needs to
> updated, and IMO it helps document why KVM is blasting WBINVD.
>
> That's why I recommend deleting sev_get_cpumask() and sev_clear_cpumask(), there
> really should only be two places that touch the mask itself: svm
>
>> __unregister_enc_region_locked(kvm, region);
>>
>> @@ -2152,7 +2169,8 @@ void sev_vm_destroy(struct kvm *kvm)
>> * releasing the pages back to the system for use. CLFLUSH will
>> * not do this, so issue a WBINVD.
>> */
>> - wbinvd_on_all_cpus();
>> + wbinvd_on_cpus(sev_get_cpumask(kvm));
>> + sev_clear_cpumask(kvm);
>>
>> /*
>> * if userspace was terminated before unregistering the memory regions
>> @@ -2343,7 +2361,8 @@ static void sev_flush_encrypted_page(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, void *va)
>> return;
>>
>> do_wbinvd:
>> - wbinvd_on_all_cpus();
>> + wbinvd_on_cpus(sev_get_cpumask(vcpu->kvm));
>> + sev_clear_cpumask(vcpu->kvm);
>> }
>>
>> void sev_guest_memory_reclaimed(struct kvm *kvm)
>> @@ -2351,7 +2370,8 @@ void sev_guest_memory_reclaimed(struct kvm *kvm)
>> if (!sev_guest(kvm))
>> return;
>>
>> - wbinvd_on_all_cpus();
>> + wbinvd_on_cpus(sev_get_cpumask(kvm));
>> + sev_clear_cpumask(kvm);
>
> This is unsafe from a correctness perspective, as sev_guest_memory_reclaimed()
> is called without holding any KVM locks. E.g. if a vCPU runs between blasting
> WBINVD and cpumask_clear(), KVM will fail to emit WBINVD on a future reclaim.
>
> Making the mask per-vCPU, a la vcpu->arch.wbinvd_dirty_mask, doesn't solve the
> problem as KVM can't take vcpu->mutex in this path (sleeping may not be allowed),
> and that would create an unnecessary/unwated bottleneck.
>
> The simplest solution I can think of is to iterate over all possible CPUs using
> cpumask_test_and_clear_cpu().
>
>> }
>>
>> void sev_free_vcpu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
>> index e90b429c8..f9bfa6e57 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
>> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
>> @@ -4107,6 +4107,10 @@ static noinstr void svm_vcpu_enter_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool spec_ctrl_in
>>
>> amd_clear_divider();
>>
>> + if (sev_guest(vcpu->kvm))
>
> Use tabs, not spaces.
>
>> + cpumask_set_cpu(smp_processor_id(), sev_get_cpumask(vcpu->kvm));
>
> This does not need to be in the noinstr region, and it _shouldn't_ be in the
> noinstr region. There's already a handy dandy pre_sev_run() that provides a
> convenient location to bury this stuff in SEV specific code.
>
>> +
>> if (sev_es_guest(vcpu->kvm))
>> __svm_sev_es_vcpu_run(svm, spec_ctrl_intercepted);
>> else
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
>> index 8ef95139c..1577e200e 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
>> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
>> @@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ struct kvm_sev_info {
>> struct list_head mirror_entry; /* Use as a list entry of mirrors */
>> struct misc_cg *misc_cg; /* For misc cgroup accounting */
>> atomic_t migration_in_progress;
>> + struct cpumask cpumask; /* CPU list to flush */
>
> That is not a helpful comment. Flush what? What adds to the list? When is the
> list cleared. Even the name is fairly useless, e.g. "
>
> I'm also pretty sure this should be a cpumask_var_t, and dynamically allocated
> as appropriate. And at that point, it should be allocated and filled if and only
> if the CPU doesn't have X86_FEATURE_SME_COHERENT.