[PATCH v11 24/39] arm64/signal: Set up and restore the GCS context for signal handlers

Mark Brown
2024-08-22T01:20:57Z

When invoking a signal handler we use the GCS configuration and stack
for the current thread.

Since we implement signal return by calling the signal handler with a
return address set up pointing to a trampoline in the vDSO we need to
also configure any active GCS for this by pushing a frame for the
trampoline onto the GCS. If we do not do this then signal return will
generate a GCS protection fault.

In order to guard against attempts to bypass GCS protections via signal
return we only allow returning with GCSPR_EL0 pointing to an address
where it was previously preempted by a signal. We do this by pushing a
cap onto the GCS, this takes the form of an architectural GCS cap token
with the top bit set and token type of 0 which we add on signal entry
and validate and pop off on signal return. The combination of the top
bit being set and the token type mean that this can't be interpreted as
a valid token or address.

Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
---
arch/arm64/include/asm/gcs.h | 1 +
arch/arm64/kernel/signal.c | 112 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
arch/arm64/mm/gcs.c | 1 +
3 files changed, 109 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/gcs.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/gcs.h
index 48c97e63e56a..f50660603ecf 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/gcs.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/gcs.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
#include <asm/uaccess.h>

struct kernel_clone_args;
+struct ksignal;

static inline void gcsb_dsync(void)
{
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/signal.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/signal.c
index 4a77f4976e11..b54d684c4bf8 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/signal.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
#include <asm/elf.h>
#include <asm/exception.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
+#include <asm/gcs.h>
#include <asm/ucontext.h>
#include <asm/unistd.h>
#include <asm/fpsimd.h>
@@ -34,6 +35,15 @@
#include <asm/traps.h>
#include <asm/vdso.h>

+#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_GCS
+#define GCS_SIGNAL_CAP(addr) (((unsigned long)addr) & GCS_CAP_ADDR_MASK)
+
+static bool gcs_signal_cap_valid(u64 addr, u64 val)
+{
+ return val == GCS_SIGNAL_CAP(addr);
+}
+#endif
+
/*
* Do a signal return; undo the signal stack. These are aligned to 128-bit.
*/
@@ -860,6 +870,50 @@ static int restore_sigframe(struct pt_regs *regs,
return err;
}

+#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_GCS
+static int gcs_restore_signal(void)
+{
+ u64 gcspr_el0, cap;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (!system_supports_gcs())
+ return 0;
+
+ if (!(current->thread.gcs_el0_mode & PR_SHADOW_STACK_ENABLE))
+ return 0;
+
+ gcspr_el0 = read_sysreg_s(SYS_GCSPR_EL0);
+
+ /*
+ * GCSPR_EL0 should be pointing at a capped GCS, read the cap...
+ */
+ gcsb_dsync();
+ ret = copy_from_user(&cap, (__user void*)gcspr_el0, sizeof(cap));
+ if (ret)
+ return -EFAULT;
+
+ /*
+ * ...then check that the cap is the actual GCS before
+ * restoring it.
+ */
+ if (!gcs_signal_cap_valid(gcspr_el0, cap))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /* Invalidate the token to prevent reuse */
+ put_user_gcs(0, (__user void*)gcspr_el0, &ret);
+ if (ret != 0)
+ return -EFAULT;
+
+ current->thread.gcspr_el0 = gcspr_el0 + sizeof(cap);
+ write_sysreg_s(current->thread.gcspr_el0, SYS_GCSPR_EL0);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#else
+static int gcs_restore_signal(void) { return 0; }
+#endif
+
SYSCALL_DEFINE0(rt_sigreturn)
{
struct pt_regs *regs = current_pt_regs();
@@ -886,6 +940,9 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE0(rt_sigreturn)
if (restore_altstack(&frame->uc.uc_stack))
goto badframe;

+ if (gcs_restore_signal())
+ goto badframe;
+
return regs->regs[0];

badframe:
@@ -1130,7 +1187,50 @@ static int get_sigframe(struct rt_sigframe_user_layout *user,
return 0;
}

-static void setup_return(struct pt_regs *regs, struct k_sigaction *ka,
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_GCS
+
+static int gcs_signal_entry(__sigrestore_t sigtramp, struct ksignal *ksig)
+{
+ unsigned long __user *gcspr_el0;
+ int ret = 0;
+
+ if (!system_supports_gcs())
+ return 0;
+
+ if (!task_gcs_el0_enabled(current))
+ return 0;
+
+ /*
+ * We are entering a signal handler, current register state is
+ * active.
+ */
+ gcspr_el0 = (unsigned long __user *)read_sysreg_s(SYS_GCSPR_EL0);
+
+ /*
+ * Push a cap and the GCS entry for the trampoline onto the GCS.
+ */
+ put_user_gcs((unsigned long)sigtramp, gcspr_el0 - 2, &ret);
+ put_user_gcs(GCS_SIGNAL_CAP(gcspr_el0 - 1), gcspr_el0 - 1, &ret);
+ if (ret != 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ gcsb_dsync();
+
+ gcspr_el0 -= 2;
+ write_sysreg_s((unsigned long)gcspr_el0, SYS_GCSPR_EL0);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+#else
+
+static int gcs_signal_entry(__sigrestore_t sigtramp, struct ksignal *ksig)
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static int setup_return(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ksignal *ksig,
struct rt_sigframe_user_layout *user, int usig)
{
__sigrestore_t sigtramp;
@@ -1138,7 +1238,7 @@ static void setup_return(struct pt_regs *regs, struct k_sigaction *ka,
regs->regs[0] = usig;
regs->sp = (unsigned long)user->sigframe;
regs->regs[29] = (unsigned long)&user->next_frame->fp;
- regs->pc = (unsigned long)ka->sa.sa_handler;
+ regs->pc = (unsigned long)ksig->ka.sa.sa_handler;

/*
* Signal delivery is a (wacky) indirect function call in
@@ -1178,12 +1278,14 @@ static void setup_return(struct pt_regs *regs, struct k_sigaction *ka,
sme_smstop();
}

- if (ka->sa.sa_flags & SA_RESTORER)
- sigtramp = ka->sa.sa_restorer;
+ if (ksig->ka.sa.sa_flags & SA_RESTORER)
+ sigtramp = ksig->ka.sa.sa_restorer;
else
sigtramp = VDSO_SYMBOL(current->mm->context.vdso, sigtramp);

regs->regs[30] = (unsigned long)sigtramp;
+
+ return gcs_signal_entry(sigtramp, ksig);
}

static int setup_rt_frame(int usig, struct ksignal *ksig, sigset_t *set,
@@ -1206,7 +1308,7 @@ static int setup_rt_frame(int usig, struct ksignal *ksig, sigset_t *set,
err |= __save_altstack(&frame->uc.uc_stack, regs->sp);
err |= setup_sigframe(&user, regs, set);
if (err == 0) {
- setup_return(regs, &ksig->ka, &user, usig);
+ err = setup_return(regs, ksig, &user, usig);
if (ksig->ka.sa.sa_flags & SA_SIGINFO) {
err |= copy_siginfo_to_user(&frame->info, &ksig->info);
regs->regs[1] = (unsigned long)&frame->info;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/gcs.c b/arch/arm64/mm/gcs.c
index d9614900c910..3e3218fb3c58 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/mm/gcs.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/gcs.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@

#include <asm/cmpxchg.h>
#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
+#include <asm/gcs.h>
#include <asm/page.h>

static unsigned long alloc_gcs(unsigned long addr, unsigned long size)

--
2.39.2