[PATCH v4 00/26] Nested SVM fixes, cleanups, and hardening

[PATCH v4 00/26] Nested SVM fixes, cleanups, and hardening

[Yosry Ahmed]

A group of semi-related fixes, cleanups, and hardening patches for nSVM.
This series doubled in size between v2 and v3, but it's Sean's fault for
finding more bugs that needed fixing.

The series is essentially a group of related mini-series stitched
together for syntactic and semantic dependencies. The first 19 patches
(except patch 3) are all optimistically CC'd to stable as they are fixes
or refactoring leading up to bug fixes. Although I am not sure how much
of that will actually apply to stable trees.

Patches 1-3 here are v2 of the last 3 patches in the LBRV fixes series
[1]. The first 3 patches of [1] are already upstream.

Patches 4-14 are fixes for failure handling in the nested VMRUN and
#VMEXIT code paths, ending with a nice unified code path for handling
VMRUN failures as suggested by Sean. Within this block, patches 7-12 are
refactoring needed for patches 13-14.

Patches 15-19 are fixes for missing or made-up consistency checks.

Patches 20-22 are renames and cleanups.

Patches 23-26 add hardening to reading the VMCB12, caching all used
fields in the save area to prevent theoritical TOC-TOU bugs, sanitizing
used fields in the control area, and restricting accesses to the VMCB12
through guest memory.

v3 -> v4:
- Proerply leave guest mode on failed VMRUN [2].
- Fixed baseline and rebased on top of kvm-x86/next.

v3: https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/20251215192722.3654335-1-yosry.ahmed@linux.dev/

[1]https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/20251108004524.1600006-1-yosry.ahmed@linux.dev/
[2]https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/timpvklyyl5juo5ajjzuxwazc5w2t6ffcx7llnv6f2a5qzot3b@hnj3wqwtla6c/

Yosry Ahmed (26):
  KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs() to a macro
  KVM: SVM: Add missing save/restore handling of LBR MSRs
  KVM: selftests: Add a test for LBR save/restore (ft. nested)
  KVM: nSVM: Always inject a #GP if mapping VMCB12 fails on nested VMRUN
  KVM: nSVM: Triple fault if mapping VMCB12 fails on nested #VMEXIT
  KVM: nSVM: Triple fault if restore host CR3 fails on nested #VMEXIT
  KVM: nSVM: Drop nested_vmcb_check_{save/control}() wrappers
  KVM: nSVM: Call enter_guest_mode() before switching to VMCB02
  KVM: nSVM: Make nested_svm_merge_msrpm() return an errno
  KVM: nSVM: Call nested_svm_merge_msrpm() from enter_svm_guest_mode()
  KVM: nSVM: Call nested_svm_init_mmu_context() before switching to
    VMCB02
  KVM: nSVM: Refactor minimal #VMEXIT handling out of
    nested_svm_vmexit()
  KVM: nSVM: Unify handling of VMRUN failures with proper cleanup
  KVM: nSVM: Clear EVENTINJ field in VMCB12 on nested #VMEXIT
  KVM: nSVM: Drop the non-architectural consistency check for NP_ENABLE
  KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for nCR3 validity
  KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for hCR0.PG and NP_ENABLE
  KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for EFER, CR0, CR4, and CS
  KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for event_inj
  KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->nested_ctl to vmcb->misc_ctl
  KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->virt_ext to vmcb->misc_ctl2
  KVM: SVM: Use BIT() and GENMASK() for definitions in svm.h
  KVM: nSVM: Cache all used fields from VMCB12
  KVM: nSVM: Restrict mapping VMCB12 on nested VMRUN
  KVM: nSVM: Sanitize control fields copied from VMCB12
  KVM: nSVM: Only copy NP_ENABLE from VMCB01's misc_ctl

 arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h                    |  96 ++--
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c                     | 540 +++++++++++-------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c                        |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c                        |  68 +--
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h                        |  51 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c                            |   3 +
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm      |   1 +
 .../selftests/kvm/include/x86/processor.h     |   5 +
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h |  14 +-
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/svm.c     |   2 +-
 .../selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c  | 155 +++++
 11 files changed, 636 insertions(+), 303 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c


base-commit: f62b64b970570c92fe22503b0cdc65be7ce7fc7c
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 01/26] KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs() to a macro

[Yosry Ahmed]

In preparation for using svm_copy_lbrs() with 'struct vmcb_save_area'
without a containing 'struct vmcb', and later even 'struct
vmcb_save_area_cached', make it a macro. Pull the call to
vmcb_mark_dirty() out to the callers.

Macros are generally not preferred compared to functions, mainly due to
type-safety. However, in this case it seems like having a simple macro
copying a few fields is better than copy-pasting the same 5 lines of
code in different places.

On the bright side, pulling vmcb_mark_dirty() calls to the callers makes
it clear that in one case, vmcb_mark_dirty() was being called on VMCB12.
It is not architecturally defined for the CPU to clear arbitrary clean
bits, and it is not needed, so drop that one call.

Technically fixes the non-architectural behavior of setting the dirty
bit on VMCB12.

Fixes: d20c796ca370 ("KVM: x86: nSVM: implement nested LBR virtualization")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 16 ++++++++++------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c    | 11 -----------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h    | 10 +++++++++-
 3 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index f295a41ec659..58f843681a71 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -712,10 +712,12 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12
 		 * Reserved bits of DEBUGCTL are ignored.  Be consistent with
 		 * svm_set_msr's definition of reserved bits.
 		 */
-		svm_copy_lbrs(vmcb02, vmcb12);
+		svm_copy_lbrs(&vmcb02->save, &vmcb12->save);
+		vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_LBR);
 		vmcb02->save.dbgctl &= ~DEBUGCTL_RESERVED_BITS;
 	} else {
-		svm_copy_lbrs(vmcb02, vmcb01);
+		svm_copy_lbrs(&vmcb02->save, &vmcb01->save);
+		vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_LBR);
 	}
 	svm_update_lbrv(&svm->vcpu);
 }
@@ -1238,10 +1240,12 @@ int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_EVENT, &svm->vcpu);
 
 	if (unlikely(guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_LBRV) &&
-		     (svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK)))
-		svm_copy_lbrs(vmcb12, vmcb02);
-	else
-		svm_copy_lbrs(vmcb01, vmcb02);
+		     (svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK))) {
+		svm_copy_lbrs(&vmcb12->save, &vmcb02->save);
+	} else {
+		svm_copy_lbrs(&vmcb01->save, &vmcb02->save);
+		vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb01, VMCB_LBR);
+	}
 
 	svm_update_lbrv(vcpu);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index 7041498a8091..a387b52032cd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -841,17 +841,6 @@ static void svm_recalc_msr_intercepts(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	 */
 }
 
-void svm_copy_lbrs(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb)
-{
-	to_vmcb->save.dbgctl		= from_vmcb->save.dbgctl;
-	to_vmcb->save.br_from		= from_vmcb->save.br_from;
-	to_vmcb->save.br_to		= from_vmcb->save.br_to;
-	to_vmcb->save.last_excp_from	= from_vmcb->save.last_excp_from;
-	to_vmcb->save.last_excp_to	= from_vmcb->save.last_excp_to;
-
-	vmcb_mark_dirty(to_vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
-}
-
 static void __svm_enable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	to_svm(vcpu)->vmcb->control.virt_ext |= LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index 7d28a739865f..2ce62cc55d7b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -705,8 +705,16 @@ static inline void *svm_vcpu_alloc_msrpm(void)
 	return svm_alloc_permissions_map(MSRPM_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
 }
 
+#define svm_copy_lbrs(to, from)					\
+({								\
+	(to)->dbgctl		= (from)->dbgctl;		\
+	(to)->br_from		= (from)->br_from;		\
+	(to)->br_to		= (from)->br_to;		\
+	(to)->last_excp_from	= (from)->last_excp_from;	\
+	(to)->last_excp_to	= (from)->last_excp_to;		\
+})
+
 void svm_vcpu_free_msrpm(void *msrpm);
-void svm_copy_lbrs(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb);
 void svm_enable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void svm_update_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

Re: [PATCH v4 01/26] KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs() to a macro

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> In preparation for using svm_copy_lbrs() with 'struct vmcb_save_area'
> without a containing 'struct vmcb', and later even 'struct
> vmcb_save_area_cached', make it a macro. Pull the call to
> vmcb_mark_dirty() out to the callers.
> 
> Macros are generally not preferred compared to functions, mainly due to
> type-safety. However, in this case it seems like having a simple macro
> copying a few fields is better than copy-pasting the same 5 lines of
> code in different places.
> 
> On the bright side, pulling vmcb_mark_dirty() calls to the callers makes
> it clear that in one case, vmcb_mark_dirty() was being called on VMCB12.
> It is not architecturally defined for the CPU to clear arbitrary clean
> bits, and it is not needed, so drop that one call.
> 
> Technically fixes the non-architectural behavior of setting the dirty
> bit on VMCB12.

Stop. Bundling. Things. Together.

/shakes fist angrily

I was absolutely not expecting a patch titled "KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs()
to a macro" to end with a Fixes tag, and I was *really* not expecting it to also
be Cc'd for stable.

At a glance, I genuinely can't tell if you added a Fixes to scope the backport,
or because of the dirty vmcb12 bits thing.

First fix the dirty behavior (and probably tag it for stable to avoid creating
an unnecessary backport conflict), then in a separate patch macrofy the helper.
Yeah, checkpatch will "suggest" that the stable@ patch should have Fixes, but
for us humans, that's _useful_ information, because it says "hey you, this is a
dependency for an upcoming fix!".  As written, I look at this patch and go "huh?".
(and then I look at the next patch and it all makes sense).

Re: [PATCH v4 01/26] KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs() to a macro

[Yosry Ahmed]

February 5, 2026 at 4:59 PM, "Sean Christopherson" <seanjc@google.com> wrote:


> 
> On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> 
> > 
> > In preparation for using svm_copy_lbrs() with 'struct vmcb_save_area'
> >  without a containing 'struct vmcb', and later even 'struct
> >  vmcb_save_area_cached', make it a macro. Pull the call to
> >  vmcb_mark_dirty() out to the callers.
> >  
> >  Macros are generally not preferred compared to functions, mainly due to
> >  type-safety. However, in this case it seems like having a simple macro
> >  copying a few fields is better than copy-pasting the same 5 lines of
> >  code in different places.
> >  
> >  On the bright side, pulling vmcb_mark_dirty() calls to the callers makes
> >  it clear that in one case, vmcb_mark_dirty() was being called on VMCB12.
> >  It is not architecturally defined for the CPU to clear arbitrary clean
> >  bits, and it is not needed, so drop that one call.
> >  
> >  Technically fixes the non-architectural behavior of setting the dirty
> >  bit on VMCB12.
> > 
> Stop. Bundling. Things. Together.
> 
> /shakes fist angrily
> 
> I was absolutely not expecting a patch titled "KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs()
> to a macro" to end with a Fixes tag, and I was *really* not expecting it to also
> be Cc'd for stable.
> 
> At a glance, I genuinely can't tell if you added a Fixes to scope the backport,
> or because of the dirty vmcb12 bits thing.
> 
> First fix the dirty behavior (and probably tag it for stable to avoid creating
> an unnecessary backport conflict), then in a separate patch macrofy the helper.
> Yeah, checkpatch will "suggest" that the stable@ patch should have Fixes, but
> for us humans, that's _useful_ information, because it says "hey you, this is a
> dependency for an upcoming fix!". As written, I look at this patch and go "huh?".
> (and then I look at the next patch and it all makes sense).

I agree, but fixing the dirty behavior on its own requires open-coding the function, then the following patch would change it to a macro and use it again. I was trying to minimize the noise of moving code back and forth..

Re: [PATCH v4 01/26] KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs() to a macro

[Sean Christopherson]

On Fri, Feb 06, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> February 5, 2026 at 4:59 PM, "Sean Christopherson" <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
> > On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> > > In preparation for using svm_copy_lbrs() with 'struct vmcb_save_area'
> > >  without a containing 'struct vmcb', and later even 'struct
> > >  vmcb_save_area_cached', make it a macro. Pull the call to
> > >  vmcb_mark_dirty() out to the callers.
> > >  
> > >  Macros are generally not preferred compared to functions, mainly due to
> > >  type-safety. However, in this case it seems like having a simple macro
> > >  copying a few fields is better than copy-pasting the same 5 lines of
> > >  code in different places.
> > >  
> > >  On the bright side, pulling vmcb_mark_dirty() calls to the callers makes
> > >  it clear that in one case, vmcb_mark_dirty() was being called on VMCB12.
> > >  It is not architecturally defined for the CPU to clear arbitrary clean
> > >  bits, and it is not needed, so drop that one call.
> > >  
> > >  Technically fixes the non-architectural behavior of setting the dirty
> > >  bit on VMCB12.
> > > 
> > Stop. Bundling. Things. Together.
> > 
> > /shakes fist angrily
> > 
> > I was absolutely not expecting a patch titled "KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs()
> > to a macro" to end with a Fixes tag, and I was *really* not expecting it to also
> > be Cc'd for stable.
> > 
> > At a glance, I genuinely can't tell if you added a Fixes to scope the backport,
> > or because of the dirty vmcb12 bits thing.
> > 
> > First fix the dirty behavior (and probably tag it for stable to avoid creating
> > an unnecessary backport conflict), then in a separate patch macrofy the helper.
> > Yeah, checkpatch will "suggest" that the stable@ patch should have Fixes, but
> > for us humans, that's _useful_ information, because it says "hey you, this is a
> > dependency for an upcoming fix!". As written, I look at this patch and go "huh?".
> > (and then I look at the next patch and it all makes sense).
> 
> I agree, but fixing the dirty behavior on its own requires open-coding the
> function, then the following patch would change it to a macro and use it
> again. I was trying to minimize the noise of moving code back and forth..

I don't follow.  Isn't it just this?

@@ -848,8 +859,6 @@ void svm_copy_lbrs(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb)
        to_vmcb->save.br_to             = from_vmcb->save.br_to;
        to_vmcb->save.last_excp_from    = from_vmcb->save.last_excp_from;
        to_vmcb->save.last_excp_to      = from_vmcb->save.last_excp_to;
-
-       vmcb_mark_dirty(to_vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
 }
 
 static void __svm_enable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
@@ -877,6 +886,8 @@ void svm_update_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
                            (is_guest_mode(vcpu) && guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_LBRV) &&
                            (svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK));
 
+       vmcb_mark_dirty(svm->vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
+
        if (enable_lbrv && !current_enable_lbrv)
                __svm_enable_lbrv(vcpu);
        else if (!enable_lbrv && current_enable_lbrv)
@@ -3079,7 +3090,6 @@ static int svm_set_msr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct msr_data *msr)
                        break;
 
                svm->vmcb->save.dbgctl = data;
-               vmcb_mark_dirty(svm->vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
                svm_update_lbrv(vcpu);
                break;
        case MSR_VM_HSAVE_PA:

Re: [PATCH v4 01/26] KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs() to a macro

[Yosry Ahmed]

On Thu, Feb 05, 2026 at 05:25:15PM -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> On Fri, Feb 06, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> > February 5, 2026 at 4:59 PM, "Sean Christopherson" <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
> > > On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> > > > In preparation for using svm_copy_lbrs() with 'struct vmcb_save_area'
> > > >  without a containing 'struct vmcb', and later even 'struct
> > > >  vmcb_save_area_cached', make it a macro. Pull the call to
> > > >  vmcb_mark_dirty() out to the callers.
> > > >  
> > > >  Macros are generally not preferred compared to functions, mainly due to
> > > >  type-safety. However, in this case it seems like having a simple macro
> > > >  copying a few fields is better than copy-pasting the same 5 lines of
> > > >  code in different places.
> > > >  
> > > >  On the bright side, pulling vmcb_mark_dirty() calls to the callers makes
> > > >  it clear that in one case, vmcb_mark_dirty() was being called on VMCB12.
> > > >  It is not architecturally defined for the CPU to clear arbitrary clean
> > > >  bits, and it is not needed, so drop that one call.
> > > >  
> > > >  Technically fixes the non-architectural behavior of setting the dirty
> > > >  bit on VMCB12.
> > > > 
> > > Stop. Bundling. Things. Together.
> > > 
> > > /shakes fist angrily
> > > 
> > > I was absolutely not expecting a patch titled "KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs()
> > > to a macro" to end with a Fixes tag, and I was *really* not expecting it to also
> > > be Cc'd for stable.
> > > 
> > > At a glance, I genuinely can't tell if you added a Fixes to scope the backport,
> > > or because of the dirty vmcb12 bits thing.
> > > 
> > > First fix the dirty behavior (and probably tag it for stable to avoid creating
> > > an unnecessary backport conflict), then in a separate patch macrofy the helper.
> > > Yeah, checkpatch will "suggest" that the stable@ patch should have Fixes, but
> > > for us humans, that's _useful_ information, because it says "hey you, this is a
> > > dependency for an upcoming fix!". As written, I look at this patch and go "huh?".
> > > (and then I look at the next patch and it all makes sense).
> > 
> > I agree, but fixing the dirty behavior on its own requires open-coding the
> > function, then the following patch would change it to a macro and use it
> > again. I was trying to minimize the noise of moving code back and forth..
> 
> I don't follow.  Isn't it just this?

Yeah ignore the previous comment, I was thinking about something else.

> 
> @@ -848,8 +859,6 @@ void svm_copy_lbrs(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb)
>         to_vmcb->save.br_to             = from_vmcb->save.br_to;
>         to_vmcb->save.last_excp_from    = from_vmcb->save.last_excp_from;
>         to_vmcb->save.last_excp_to      = from_vmcb->save.last_excp_to;
> -
> -       vmcb_mark_dirty(to_vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
>  }
>  
>  static void __svm_enable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> @@ -877,6 +886,8 @@ void svm_update_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>                             (is_guest_mode(vcpu) && guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_LBRV) &&
>                             (svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK));
>  
> +       vmcb_mark_dirty(svm->vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
> +

Although I would rather keep this in callers of svm_copy_lbrs(), instead
of hiding it here. For example, in nested_svm_vmexit(), this would be
wrong if the call to svm_switch_vmcb() was moved a bit later (which
would be wrong for other reasons, but the clean bit wouldn't be
obvious).

It also makes it obvious that we are specifically not dirtying vmcb12.

>         if (enable_lbrv && !current_enable_lbrv)
>                 __svm_enable_lbrv(vcpu);
>         else if (!enable_lbrv && current_enable_lbrv)
> @@ -3079,7 +3090,6 @@ static int svm_set_msr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct msr_data *msr)
>                         break;
>  
>                 svm->vmcb->save.dbgctl = data;
> -               vmcb_mark_dirty(svm->vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
>                 svm_update_lbrv(vcpu);
>                 break;
>         case MSR_VM_HSAVE_PA:

Re: [PATCH v4 01/26] KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs() to a macro

[Sean Christopherson]

On Fri, Feb 06, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> On Thu, Feb 05, 2026 at 05:25:15PM -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> > On Fri, Feb 06, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> > @@ -848,8 +859,6 @@ void svm_copy_lbrs(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb)
> >         to_vmcb->save.br_to             = from_vmcb->save.br_to;
> >         to_vmcb->save.last_excp_from    = from_vmcb->save.last_excp_from;
> >         to_vmcb->save.last_excp_to      = from_vmcb->save.last_excp_to;
> > -
> > -       vmcb_mark_dirty(to_vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
> >  }
> >  
> >  static void __svm_enable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> > @@ -877,6 +886,8 @@ void svm_update_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> >                             (is_guest_mode(vcpu) && guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_LBRV) &&
> >                             (svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK));
> >  
> > +       vmcb_mark_dirty(svm->vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
> > +
> 
> Although I would rather keep this in callers of svm_copy_lbrs(), instead
> of hiding it here. 

No objection on my end.

[PATCH v4 02/26] KVM: SVM: Add missing save/restore handling of LBR MSRs

[Yosry Ahmed]

MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR and LBR MSRs are currently not enumerated by
KVM_GET_MSR_INDEX_LIST, and LBR MSRs cannot be set with KVM_SET_MSRS. So
save/restore is completely broken.

Fix it by adding the MSRs to msrs_to_save_base, and allowing writes to
LBR MSRs from userspace only (as they are read-only MSRs). Additionally,
to correctly restore L1's LBRs while L2 is running, make sure the LBRs
are copied from the captured VMCB01 save area in svm_copy_vmrun_state().

Fixes: 24e09cbf480a ("KVM: SVM: enable LBR virtualization")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c |  3 +++
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c    | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c        |  3 +++
 3 files changed, 26 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 58f843681a71..03a2c4390676 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -1106,6 +1106,9 @@ void svm_copy_vmrun_state(struct vmcb_save_area *to_save,
 		to_save->isst_addr = from_save->isst_addr;
 		to_save->ssp = from_save->ssp;
 	}
+
+	if (lbrv)
+		svm_copy_lbrs(to_save, from_save);
 }
 
 void svm_copy_vmloadsave_state(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index a387b52032cd..c6ed59e5f0b8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -3065,6 +3065,26 @@ static int svm_set_msr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct msr_data *msr)
 		vmcb_mark_dirty(svm->vmcb, VMCB_LBR);
 		svm_update_lbrv(vcpu);
 		break;
+	case MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHFROMIP:
+		if (!msr->host_initiated)
+			return 1;
+		svm->vmcb->save.br_from = data;
+		break;
+	case MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHTOIP:
+		if (!msr->host_initiated)
+			return 1;
+		svm->vmcb->save.br_to = data;
+		break;
+	case MSR_IA32_LASTINTFROMIP:
+		if (!msr->host_initiated)
+			return 1;
+		svm->vmcb->save.last_excp_from = data;
+		break;
+	case MSR_IA32_LASTINTTOIP:
+		if (!msr->host_initiated)
+			return 1;
+		svm->vmcb->save.last_excp_to = data;
+		break;
 	case MSR_VM_HSAVE_PA:
 		/*
 		 * Old kernels did not validate the value written to
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 3d4e07f9cff5..9c3099e76f3c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -349,6 +349,9 @@ static const u32 msrs_to_save_base[] = {
 	MSR_IA32_U_CET, MSR_IA32_S_CET,
 	MSR_IA32_PL0_SSP, MSR_IA32_PL1_SSP, MSR_IA32_PL2_SSP,
 	MSR_IA32_PL3_SSP, MSR_IA32_INT_SSP_TAB,
+	MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR,
+	MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHFROMIP, MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHTOIP,
+	MSR_IA32_LASTINTFROMIP, MSR_IA32_LASTINTTOIP,
 };
 
 static const u32 msrs_to_save_pmu[] = {
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 03/26] KVM: selftests: Add a test for LBR save/restore (ft. nested)

[Yosry Ahmed]

Add a selftest exercising save/restore with usage of LBRs in both L1 and
L2, and making sure all LBRs remain intact.

Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm      |   1 +
 .../selftests/kvm/include/x86/processor.h     |   5 +
 .../selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c  | 155 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 161 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm
index 33ff81606638..a7dbd7a79fca 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86 += x86/svm_vmcall_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86 += x86/svm_int_ctl_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86 += x86/svm_nested_shutdown_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86 += x86/svm_nested_soft_inject_test
+TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86 += x86/svm_lbr_nested_state
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86 += x86/tsc_scaling_sync
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86 += x86/sync_regs_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86 += x86/ucna_injection_test
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/processor.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/processor.h
index 8f130e7d7048..855cc7aae83c 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/processor.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/processor.h
@@ -1359,6 +1359,11 @@ static inline bool kvm_is_ignore_msrs(void)
 	return get_kvm_param_bool("ignore_msrs");
 }
 
+static inline bool kvm_is_lbrv_enabled(void)
+{
+	return !!get_kvm_amd_param_integer("lbrv");
+}
+
 uint64_t *vm_get_pte(struct kvm_vm *vm, uint64_t vaddr);
 
 uint64_t kvm_hypercall(uint64_t nr, uint64_t a0, uint64_t a1, uint64_t a2,
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a343279546fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * svm_lbr_nested_state
+ *
+ * Test that LBRs are maintained correctly in both L1 and L2 during
+ * save/restore.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2025, Google, Inc.
+ */
+
+#include "test_util.h"
+#include "kvm_util.h"
+#include "processor.h"
+#include "svm_util.h"
+
+
+#define L2_GUEST_STACK_SIZE 64
+
+#define DO_BRANCH() asm volatile("jmp 1f\n 1: nop")
+
+struct lbr_branch {
+	u64 from, to;
+};
+
+volatile struct lbr_branch l2_branch;
+
+#define RECORD_BRANCH(b, s)						\
+({									\
+	wrmsr(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR, DEBUGCTLMSR_LBR);			\
+	DO_BRANCH();							\
+	(b)->from = rdmsr(MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHFROMIP);			\
+	(b)->to = rdmsr(MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHTOIP);			\
+	/* Disabe LBR right after to avoid overriding the IPs */	\
+	wrmsr(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR, 0);					\
+									\
+	GUEST_ASSERT_NE((b)->from, 0);					\
+	GUEST_ASSERT_NE((b)->to, 0);					\
+	GUEST_PRINTF("%s: (0x%lx, 0x%lx)\n", (s), (b)->from, (b)->to);	\
+})									\
+
+#define CHECK_BRANCH_MSRS(b)						\
+({									\
+	GUEST_ASSERT_EQ((b)->from, rdmsr(MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHFROMIP));	\
+	GUEST_ASSERT_EQ((b)->to, rdmsr(MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHTOIP));	\
+})
+
+#define CHECK_BRANCH_VMCB(b, vmcb)					\
+({									\
+	GUEST_ASSERT_EQ((b)->from, vmcb->save.br_from);			\
+	GUEST_ASSERT_EQ((b)->to, vmcb->save.br_to);			\
+})									\
+
+static void l2_guest_code(struct svm_test_data *svm)
+{
+	/* Record a branch, trigger save/restore, and make sure LBRs are intact */
+	RECORD_BRANCH(&l2_branch, "L2 branch");
+	GUEST_SYNC(true);
+	CHECK_BRANCH_MSRS(&l2_branch);
+	vmmcall();
+}
+
+static void l1_guest_code(struct svm_test_data *svm, bool nested_lbrv)
+{
+	unsigned long l2_guest_stack[L2_GUEST_STACK_SIZE];
+	struct vmcb *vmcb = svm->vmcb;
+	struct lbr_branch l1_branch;
+
+	/* Record a branch, trigger save/restore, and make sure LBRs are intact */
+	RECORD_BRANCH(&l1_branch, "L1 branch");
+	GUEST_SYNC(true);
+	CHECK_BRANCH_MSRS(&l1_branch);
+
+	/* Run L2, which will also do the same */
+	generic_svm_setup(svm, l2_guest_code,
+			  &l2_guest_stack[L2_GUEST_STACK_SIZE]);
+
+	if (nested_lbrv)
+		vmcb->control.virt_ext = LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK;
+	else
+		vmcb->control.virt_ext &= ~LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK;
+
+	run_guest(vmcb, svm->vmcb_gpa);
+	GUEST_ASSERT(svm->vmcb->control.exit_code == SVM_EXIT_VMMCALL);
+
+	/* Trigger save/restore one more time before checking, just for kicks */
+	GUEST_SYNC(true);
+
+	/*
+	 * If LBR_CTL_ENABLE is set, L1 and L2 should have separate LBR MSRs, so
+	 * expect L1's LBRs to remain intact and L2 LBRs to be in the VMCB.
+	 * Otherwise, the MSRs are shared between L1 & L2 so expect L2's LBRs.
+	 */
+	if (nested_lbrv) {
+		CHECK_BRANCH_MSRS(&l1_branch);
+		CHECK_BRANCH_VMCB(&l2_branch, vmcb);
+	} else {
+		CHECK_BRANCH_MSRS(&l2_branch);
+	}
+	GUEST_DONE();
+}
+
+void test_lbrv_nested_state(bool nested_lbrv)
+{
+	struct kvm_x86_state *state = NULL;
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
+	vm_vaddr_t svm_gva;
+	struct kvm_vm *vm;
+	struct ucall uc;
+
+	pr_info("Testing with nested LBRV %s\n", nested_lbrv ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+
+	vm = vm_create_with_one_vcpu(&vcpu, l1_guest_code);
+	vcpu_alloc_svm(vm, &svm_gva);
+	vcpu_args_set(vcpu, 2, svm_gva, nested_lbrv);
+
+	for (;;) {
+		vcpu_run(vcpu);
+		TEST_ASSERT_KVM_EXIT_REASON(vcpu, KVM_EXIT_IO);
+		switch (get_ucall(vcpu, &uc)) {
+		case UCALL_SYNC:
+			/* Save the vCPU state and restore it in a new VM on sync */
+			pr_info("Guest triggered save/restore.\n");
+			state = vcpu_save_state(vcpu);
+			kvm_vm_release(vm);
+			vcpu = vm_recreate_with_one_vcpu(vm);
+			vcpu_load_state(vcpu, state);
+			break;
+		case UCALL_ABORT:
+			REPORT_GUEST_ASSERT(uc);
+			/* NOT REACHED */
+		case UCALL_DONE:
+			goto done;
+		case UCALL_PRINTF:
+			pr_info("%s", uc.buffer);
+			break;
+		default:
+			TEST_FAIL("Unknown ucall %lu", uc.cmd);
+		}
+	}
+done:
+	if (state)
+		kvm_x86_state_cleanup(state);
+	kvm_vm_free(vm);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	TEST_REQUIRE(kvm_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_SVM));
+	TEST_REQUIRE(kvm_is_lbrv_enabled());
+
+	test_lbrv_nested_state(/*nested_lbrv=*/false);
+	test_lbrv_nested_state(/*nested_lbrv=*/true);
+
+	return 0;
+}
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

Re: [PATCH v4 03/26] KVM: selftests: Add a test for LBR save/restore (ft. nested)

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> @@ -1359,6 +1359,11 @@ static inline bool kvm_is_ignore_msrs(void)
>  	return get_kvm_param_bool("ignore_msrs");
>  }
>  
> +static inline bool kvm_is_lbrv_enabled(void)
> +{
> +	return !!get_kvm_amd_param_integer("lbrv");

Argh, KVM and its stupid "bools are ints" params.

> +}
> +
>  uint64_t *vm_get_pte(struct kvm_vm *vm, uint64_t vaddr);
>  
>  uint64_t kvm_hypercall(uint64_t nr, uint64_t a0, uint64_t a1, uint64_t a2,
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..a343279546fd
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
> +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
> +/*
> + * svm_lbr_nested_state
> + *
> + * Test that LBRs are maintained correctly in both L1 and L2 during
> + * save/restore.

Drop the file comments.  The name of the test is beyond useless, and if the
reader can't quickly figure out what the test is doing, then the code itself
needs more comments.

> + *
> + * Copyright (C) 2025, Google, Inc.
> + */
> +
> +#include "test_util.h"
> +#include "kvm_util.h"
> +#include "processor.h"
> +#include "svm_util.h"
> +
> +
> +#define L2_GUEST_STACK_SIZE 64
> +
> +#define DO_BRANCH() asm volatile("jmp 1f\n 1: nop")
> +
> +struct lbr_branch {
> +	u64 from, to;
> +};
> +
> +volatile struct lbr_branch l2_branch;
> +
> +#define RECORD_BRANCH(b, s)						\

RECORD_AND_CHECK_BRANCH?

> +({									\

Use do-while (0) unless the macro _needs_ to return a value.  do-while provides
compile-time safety against some goofs.

> +	wrmsr(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR, DEBUGCTLMSR_LBR);			\
> +	DO_BRANCH();							\
> +	(b)->from = rdmsr(MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHFROMIP);			\
> +	(b)->to = rdmsr(MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHTOIP);			\
> +	/* Disabe LBR right after to avoid overriding the IPs */	\
> +	wrmsr(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR, 0);					\
> +									\
> +	GUEST_ASSERT_NE((b)->from, 0);					\
> +	GUEST_ASSERT_NE((b)->to, 0);					\
> +	GUEST_PRINTF("%s: (0x%lx, 0x%lx)\n", (s), (b)->from, (b)->to);	\

Why print here?  Won't the asserts below print useful information if they fail?

> +})									\

[PATCH v4 04/26] KVM: nSVM: Always inject a #GP if mapping VMCB12 fails on nested VMRUN

[Yosry Ahmed]

nested_svm_vmrun() currently only injects a #GP if kvm_vcpu_map() fails
with -EINVAL. But it could also fail with -EFAULT if creating a host
mapping failed. Inject a #GP in all cases, no reason to treat failure
modes differently.

Fixes: 8c5fbf1a7231 ("KVM/nSVM: Use the new mapping API for mapping guest memory")
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 5 +----
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 03a2c4390676..5f9c5ccc4783 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -1015,12 +1015,9 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	}
 
 	vmcb12_gpa = svm->vmcb->save.rax;
-	ret = kvm_vcpu_map(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(vmcb12_gpa), &map);
-	if (ret == -EINVAL) {
+	if (kvm_vcpu_map(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(vmcb12_gpa), &map)) {
 		kvm_inject_gp(vcpu, 0);
 		return 1;
-	} else if (ret) {
-		return kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
 	}
 
 	ret = kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 05/26] KVM: nSVM: Triple fault if mapping VMCB12 fails on nested #VMEXIT

[Yosry Ahmed]

KVM currently injects a #GP and hopes for the best if mapping VMCB12
fails on nested #VMEXIT, and only if the failure mode is -EINVAL.
Mapping the VMCB12 could also fail if creating host mappings fails.

After the #GP is injected, nested_svm_vmexit() bails early, without
cleaning up (e.g. KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES is set, is_guest_mode()
is true, etc). Move mapping VMCB12 a bit later, after leaving guest mode
and clearing KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES, right before the VMCB12 is
actually used.

Instead of optionally injecting a #GP, triple fault the guest if mapping
VMCB12 fails since KVM cannot make a sane recovery. The APM states that
a #VMEXIT will triple fault if host state is illegal or an exception
occurs while loading host state, so the behavior is not entirely made
up.

Also update the WARN_ON() in svm_get_nested_state_pages() to
WARN_ON_ONCE() to avoid future user-triggeable bugs spamming kernel logs
and potentially causing issues.

Fixes: cf74a78b229d ("KVM: SVM: Add VMEXIT handler and intercepts")
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 25 +++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 5f9c5ccc4783..593f7005cdc7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -1127,24 +1127,14 @@ void svm_copy_vmloadsave_state(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb)
 int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 {
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
+	gpa_t vmcb12_gpa = svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa;
 	struct vmcb *vmcb01 = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
 	struct vmcb *vmcb02 = svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr;
 	struct vmcb *vmcb12;
 	struct kvm_host_map map;
-	int rc;
-
-	rc = kvm_vcpu_map(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa), &map);
-	if (rc) {
-		if (rc == -EINVAL)
-			kvm_inject_gp(vcpu, 0);
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	vmcb12 = map.hva;
 
 	/* Exit Guest-Mode */
 	leave_guest_mode(vcpu);
-	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = 0;
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(svm->nested.nested_run_pending);
 
 	kvm_clear_request(KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES, vcpu);
@@ -1152,8 +1142,16 @@ int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	/* in case we halted in L2 */
 	kvm_set_mp_state(vcpu, KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE);
 
+	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = 0;
+
+	if (kvm_vcpu_map(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(vmcb12_gpa), &map)) {
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
 	/* Give the current vmcb to the guest */
 
+	vmcb12 = map.hva;
 	vmcb12->save.es     = vmcb02->save.es;
 	vmcb12->save.cs     = vmcb02->save.cs;
 	vmcb12->save.ss     = vmcb02->save.ss;
@@ -1311,8 +1309,7 @@ int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 
 	nested_svm_uninit_mmu_context(vcpu);
 
-	rc = nested_svm_load_cr3(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr3, false, true);
-	if (rc)
+	if (nested_svm_load_cr3(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr3, false, true))
 		return 1;
 
 	/*
@@ -1947,7 +1944,7 @@ static int svm_set_nested_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 
 static bool svm_get_nested_state_pages(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	if (WARN_ON(!is_guest_mode(vcpu)))
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!is_guest_mode(vcpu)))
 		return true;
 
 	if (!vcpu->arch.pdptrs_from_userspace &&
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 06/26] KVM: nSVM: Triple fault if restore host CR3 fails on nested #VMEXIT

[Yosry Ahmed]

If loading L1's CR3 fails on a nested #VMEXIT, nested_svm_vmexit()
returns an error code that is ignored by most callers, and continues to
run L1 with corrupted state. A sane recovery is not possible in this
case, and HW behavior is to cause a shutdown. Inject a triple fault
instead.

From the APM:
	Upon #VMEXIT, the processor performs the following actions in
	order to return to the host execution context:

	...
	if (illegal host state loaded, or exception while loading
	    host state)
		shutdown
	else
		execute first host instruction following the VMRUN

Remove the return value of nested_svm_vmexit(), which is mostly
unchecked anyway.

Fixes: d82aaef9c88a ("KVM: nSVM: use nested_svm_load_cr3() on guest->host switch")
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 12 ++++++------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c    | 11 ++---------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h    |  6 +++---
 3 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 593f7005cdc7..6c4c31d2b30f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ void svm_copy_vmloadsave_state(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb)
 	to_vmcb->save.sysenter_eip = from_vmcb->save.sysenter_eip;
 }
 
-int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
+void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 {
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
 	gpa_t vmcb12_gpa = svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa;
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 
 	if (kvm_vcpu_map(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(vmcb12_gpa), &map)) {
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu);
-		return 1;
+		return;
 	}
 
 	/* Give the current vmcb to the guest */
@@ -1309,8 +1309,10 @@ int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 
 	nested_svm_uninit_mmu_context(vcpu);
 
-	if (nested_svm_load_cr3(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr3, false, true))
-		return 1;
+	if (nested_svm_load_cr3(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr3, false, true)) {
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu);
+		return;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Drop what we picked up for L2 via svm_complete_interrupts() so it
@@ -1335,8 +1337,6 @@ int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	 */
 	if (kvm_apicv_activated(vcpu->kvm))
 		__kvm_vcpu_update_apicv(vcpu);
-
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static void nested_svm_triple_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index c6ed59e5f0b8..f3901f9ee487 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -2227,13 +2227,9 @@ static int emulate_svm_instr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int opcode)
 		[SVM_INSTR_VMSAVE] = vmsave_interception,
 	};
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
-	int ret;
 
 	if (is_guest_mode(vcpu)) {
-		/* Returns '1' or -errno on failure, '0' on success. */
-		ret = nested_svm_simple_vmexit(svm, guest_mode_exit_codes[opcode]);
-		if (ret)
-			return ret;
+		nested_svm_simple_vmexit(svm, guest_mode_exit_codes[opcode]);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return svm_instr_handlers[opcode](vcpu);
@@ -4778,7 +4774,6 @@ static int svm_enter_smm(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, union kvm_smram *smram)
 {
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
 	struct kvm_host_map map_save;
-	int ret;
 
 	if (!is_guest_mode(vcpu))
 		return 0;
@@ -4798,9 +4793,7 @@ static int svm_enter_smm(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, union kvm_smram *smram)
 	svm->vmcb->save.rsp = vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_RSP];
 	svm->vmcb->save.rip = vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_RIP];
 
-	ret = nested_svm_simple_vmexit(svm, SVM_EXIT_SW);
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
+	nested_svm_simple_vmexit(svm, SVM_EXIT_SW);
 
 	/*
 	 * KVM uses VMCB01 to store L1 host state while L2 runs but
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index 2ce62cc55d7b..3e3dcd671aad 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -785,15 +785,15 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void svm_copy_vmrun_state(struct vmcb_save_area *to_save,
 			  struct vmcb_save_area *from_save);
 void svm_copy_vmloadsave_state(struct vmcb *to_vmcb, struct vmcb *from_vmcb);
-int nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm);
+void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm);
 
-static inline int nested_svm_simple_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm, u32 exit_code)
+static inline void nested_svm_simple_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm, u32 exit_code)
 {
 	svm->vmcb->control.exit_code	= exit_code;
 	svm->vmcb->control.exit_code_hi	= 0;
 	svm->vmcb->control.exit_info_1	= 0;
 	svm->vmcb->control.exit_info_2	= 0;
-	return nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
+	nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
 }
 
 int nested_svm_exit_handled(struct vcpu_svm *svm);
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 07/26] KVM: nSVM: Drop nested_vmcb_check_{save/control}() wrappers

[Yosry Ahmed]

The wrappers provide little value and make it harder to see what KVM is
checking in the normal flow. Drop them.

Opportunistically fixup comments referring to the functions, adding '()'
to make it clear it's a reference to a function.

No functional change intended.

Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 36 ++++++++++--------------------------
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 6c4c31d2b30f..8515ff81508a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -340,8 +340,8 @@ static bool nested_svm_check_bitmap_pa(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 pa, u32 size)
 	    kvm_vcpu_is_legal_gpa(vcpu, addr + size - 1);
 }
 
-static bool __nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-					 struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *control)
+static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				       struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *control)
 {
 	if (CC(!vmcb12_is_intercept(control, INTERCEPT_VMRUN)))
 		return false;
@@ -368,8 +368,8 @@ static bool __nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 }
 
 /* Common checks that apply to both L1 and L2 state.  */
-static bool __nested_vmcb_check_save(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-				     struct vmcb_save_area_cached *save)
+static bool nested_vmcb_check_save(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				   struct vmcb_save_area_cached *save)
 {
 	if (CC(!(save->efer & EFER_SVME)))
 		return false;
@@ -403,22 +403,6 @@ static bool __nested_vmcb_check_save(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	return true;
 }
 
-static bool nested_vmcb_check_save(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
-	struct vmcb_save_area_cached *save = &svm->nested.save;
-
-	return __nested_vmcb_check_save(vcpu, save);
-}
-
-static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
-	struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *ctl = &svm->nested.ctl;
-
-	return __nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, ctl);
-}
-
 /*
  * If a feature is not advertised to L1, clear the corresponding vmcb12
  * intercept.
@@ -471,7 +455,7 @@ void __nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	to->pause_filter_count  = from->pause_filter_count;
 	to->pause_filter_thresh = from->pause_filter_thresh;
 
-	/* Copy asid here because nested_vmcb_check_controls will check it.  */
+	/* Copy asid here because nested_vmcb_check_controls() will check it */
 	to->asid           = from->asid;
 	to->msrpm_base_pa &= ~0x0fffULL;
 	to->iopm_base_pa  &= ~0x0fffULL;
@@ -1030,8 +1014,8 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->control);
 	nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->save);
 
-	if (!nested_vmcb_check_save(vcpu) ||
-	    !nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu)) {
+	if (!nested_vmcb_check_save(vcpu, &svm->nested.save) ||
+	    !nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &svm->nested.ctl)) {
 		vmcb12->control.exit_code    = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
 		vmcb12->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
 		vmcb12->control.exit_info_1  = 0;
@@ -1872,12 +1856,12 @@ static int svm_set_nested_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 
 	ret = -EINVAL;
 	__nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(vcpu, &ctl_cached, ctl);
-	if (!__nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &ctl_cached))
+	if (!nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &ctl_cached))
 		goto out_free;
 
 	/*
 	 * Processor state contains L2 state.  Check that it is
-	 * valid for guest mode (see nested_vmcb_check_save).
+	 * valid for guest mode (see nested_vmcb_check_save()).
 	 */
 	cr0 = kvm_read_cr0(vcpu);
         if (((cr0 & X86_CR0_CD) == 0) && (cr0 & X86_CR0_NW))
@@ -1891,7 +1875,7 @@ static int svm_set_nested_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (!(save->cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) ||
 	    !(save->cr0 & X86_CR0_PE) ||
 	    (save->rflags & X86_EFLAGS_VM) ||
-	    !__nested_vmcb_check_save(vcpu, &save_cached))
+	    !nested_vmcb_check_save(vcpu, &save_cached))
 		goto out_free;
 
 
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 08/26] KVM: nSVM: Call enter_guest_mode() before switching to VMCB02

[Yosry Ahmed]

In preparation for moving more changes that rely on is_guest_mode()
before switching to VMCB02, move entering guest mode a bit earlier.

Nothing between the new callsite(s) and the old ones rely on
is_guest_mode(), so this should be safe.

No functional change intended.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 8515ff81508a..536ca8e1d29f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -745,9 +745,6 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(struct vcpu_svm *svm,
 
 	nested_svm_transition_tlb_flush(vcpu);
 
-	/* Enter Guest-Mode */
-	enter_guest_mode(vcpu);
-
 	/*
 	 * Filled at exit: exit_code, exit_code_hi, exit_info_1, exit_info_2,
 	 * exit_int_info, exit_int_info_err, next_rip, insn_len, insn_bytes.
@@ -948,6 +945,8 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 
 	WARN_ON(svm->vmcb == svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
 
+	enter_guest_mode(vcpu);
+
 	nested_svm_copy_common_state(svm->vmcb01.ptr, svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
 
 	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
@@ -1901,6 +1900,7 @@ static int svm_set_nested_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	svm_copy_vmrun_state(&svm->vmcb01.ptr->save, save);
 	nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(svm, ctl);
 
+	enter_guest_mode(vcpu);
 	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
 	nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(svm, svm->vmcb->save.rip, svm->vmcb->save.cs.base);
 
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 09/26] KVM: nSVM: Make nested_svm_merge_msrpm() return an errno

[Yosry Ahmed]

In preparation for moving nested_svm_merge_msrpm() within
enter_svm_guest_mode(), which returns an errno, return an errno from
nested_svm_merge_msrpm().

No functional change intended.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 16 +++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 536ca8e1d29f..0915785f7770 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ int __init nested_svm_init_msrpm_merge_offsets(void)
  * is optimized in that it only merges the parts where KVM MSR permission bitmap
  * may contain zero bits.
  */
-static bool nested_svm_merge_msrpm(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+static int nested_svm_merge_msrpm(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
 	nsvm_msrpm_merge_t *msrpm02 = svm->nested.msrpm;
@@ -304,17 +304,19 @@ static bool nested_svm_merge_msrpm(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 #endif
 
 	if (!(vmcb12_is_intercept(&svm->nested.ctl, INTERCEPT_MSR_PROT)))
-		return true;
+		return 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nested_svm_nr_msrpm_merge_offsets; i++) {
 		const int p = nested_svm_msrpm_merge_offsets[i];
 		nsvm_msrpm_merge_t l1_val;
 		gpa_t gpa;
+		int r;
 
 		gpa = svm->nested.ctl.msrpm_base_pa + (p * sizeof(l1_val));
 
-		if (kvm_vcpu_read_guest(vcpu, gpa, &l1_val, sizeof(l1_val)))
-			return false;
+		r = kvm_vcpu_read_guest(vcpu, gpa, &l1_val, sizeof(l1_val));
+		if (r)
+			return r;
 
 		msrpm02[p] = msrpm01[p] | l1_val;
 	}
@@ -326,7 +328,7 @@ static bool nested_svm_merge_msrpm(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 #endif
 	svm->vmcb->control.msrpm_base_pa = __sme_set(__pa(svm->nested.msrpm));
 
-	return true;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1040,7 +1042,7 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	if (enter_svm_guest_mode(vcpu, vmcb12_gpa, vmcb12, true))
 		goto out_exit_err;
 
-	if (nested_svm_merge_msrpm(vcpu))
+	if (!nested_svm_merge_msrpm(vcpu))
 		goto out;
 
 out_exit_err:
@@ -1941,7 +1943,7 @@ static bool svm_get_nested_state_pages(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		if (CC(!load_pdptrs(vcpu, vcpu->arch.cr3)))
 			return false;
 
-	if (!nested_svm_merge_msrpm(vcpu)) {
+	if (nested_svm_merge_msrpm(vcpu)) {
 		vcpu->run->exit_reason = KVM_EXIT_INTERNAL_ERROR;
 		vcpu->run->internal.suberror =
 			KVM_INTERNAL_ERROR_EMULATION;
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 10/26] KVM: nSVM: Call nested_svm_merge_msrpm() from enter_svm_guest_mode()

[Yosry Ahmed]

In preparation for unifying the VMRUN failure code paths, move calling
nested_svm_merge_msrpm() into enter_svm_guest_mode() next to the
nested_svm_load_cr3() call (the other failure path in
enter_svm_guest_mode()).

Adding more uses of the from_vmrun parameter is not pretty, but it is
plumbed all the way to nested_svm_load_cr3() so it's not going away soon
anyway.

No functional change intended.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 31 ++++++++++++++++---------------
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 0915785f7770..debbce5c6511 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -960,6 +960,12 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
+	if (from_vmrun) {
+		ret = nested_svm_merge_msrpm(vcpu);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
 	if (!from_vmrun)
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES, vcpu);
 
@@ -1039,23 +1045,18 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 	svm->nested.nested_run_pending = 1;
 
-	if (enter_svm_guest_mode(vcpu, vmcb12_gpa, vmcb12, true))
-		goto out_exit_err;
-
-	if (!nested_svm_merge_msrpm(vcpu))
-		goto out;
-
-out_exit_err:
-	svm->nested.nested_run_pending = 0;
-	svm->nmi_l1_to_l2 = false;
-	svm->soft_int_injected = false;
+	if (enter_svm_guest_mode(vcpu, vmcb12_gpa, vmcb12, true)) {
+		svm->nested.nested_run_pending = 0;
+		svm->nmi_l1_to_l2 = false;
+		svm->soft_int_injected = false;
 
-	svm->vmcb->control.exit_code    = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
-	svm->vmcb->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
-	svm->vmcb->control.exit_info_1  = 0;
-	svm->vmcb->control.exit_info_2  = 0;
+		svm->vmcb->control.exit_code    = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
+		svm->vmcb->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
+		svm->vmcb->control.exit_info_1  = 0;
+		svm->vmcb->control.exit_info_2  = 0;
 
-	nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
+		nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
+	}
 
 out:
 	kvm_vcpu_unmap(vcpu, &map);
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 11/26] KVM: nSVM: Call nested_svm_init_mmu_context() before switching to VMCB02

[Yosry Ahmed]

In preparation for moving more code that depends on
nested_svm_init_mmu_context() before switching to VMCB02, move the call
outside of nested_vmcb02_prepare_control() into callers, a bit earlier.
nested_svm_init_mmu_context() needs to be called after
enter_guest_mode(), but not after switching to VMCB02.

No functional change intended.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 11 +++++++----
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index debbce5c6511..f108f6fae5bc 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -807,10 +807,6 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(struct vcpu_svm *svm,
 	/* Also overwritten later if necessary.  */
 	vmcb02->control.tlb_ctl = TLB_CONTROL_DO_NOTHING;
 
-	/* nested_cr3.  */
-	if (nested_npt_enabled(svm))
-		nested_svm_init_mmu_context(vcpu);
-
 	vcpu->arch.tsc_offset = kvm_calc_nested_tsc_offset(
 			vcpu->arch.l1_tsc_offset,
 			svm->nested.ctl.tsc_offset,
@@ -949,6 +945,9 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 
 	enter_guest_mode(vcpu);
 
+	if (nested_npt_enabled(svm))
+		nested_svm_init_mmu_context(vcpu);
+
 	nested_svm_copy_common_state(svm->vmcb01.ptr, svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
 
 	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
@@ -1904,6 +1903,10 @@ static int svm_set_nested_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(svm, ctl);
 
 	enter_guest_mode(vcpu);
+
+	if (nested_npt_enabled(svm))
+		nested_svm_init_mmu_context(vcpu);
+
 	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
 	nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(svm, svm->vmcb->save.rip, svm->vmcb->save.cs.base);
 
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 12/26] KVM: nSVM: Refactor minimal #VMEXIT handling out of nested_svm_vmexit()

[Yosry Ahmed]

In preparation for having a separate minimal #VMEXIT path for handling
failed VMRUNs, move the minimal logic out of nested_svm_vmexit() into a
helper.

This includes clearing the GIF, handling single-stepping on VMRUN, and a
few data structure cleanups.  Basically, everything that is required by
the architecture (or KVM) on a #VMEXIT where L2 never actually ran.

Additionally move uninitializing the nested MMU and reloading host CR3
to the new helper. It is not required at this point, but following
changes will require it.

No functional change intended.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index f108f6fae5bc..53ae761b50e2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -978,6 +978,34 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
+{
+	struct vmcb *vmcb01 = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
+
+	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = 0;
+	svm->nested.ctl.nested_cr3 = 0;
+
+	/* GIF is cleared on #VMEXIT, no event can be injected in L1 */
+	svm_set_gif(svm, false);
+	vmcb01->control.exit_int_info = 0;
+
+	nested_svm_uninit_mmu_context(vcpu);
+	if (nested_svm_load_cr3(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr3, false, true)) {
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are here following the completion of a VMRUN that
+	 * is being single-stepped, queue the pending #DB intercept
+	 * right now so that it an be accounted for before we execute
+	 * L1's next instruction.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(vmcb01->save.rflags & X86_EFLAGS_TF))
+		kvm_queue_exception(vcpu, DB_VECTOR);
+}
+
 int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
@@ -1127,8 +1155,6 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	/* in case we halted in L2 */
 	kvm_set_mp_state(vcpu, KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE);
 
-	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = 0;
-
 	if (kvm_vcpu_map(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(vmcb12_gpa), &map)) {
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu);
 		return;
@@ -1246,13 +1272,6 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * On vmexit the  GIF is set to false and
-	 * no event can be injected in L1.
-	 */
-	svm_set_gif(svm, false);
-	vmcb01->control.exit_int_info = 0;
-
 	svm->vcpu.arch.tsc_offset = svm->vcpu.arch.l1_tsc_offset;
 	if (vmcb01->control.tsc_offset != svm->vcpu.arch.tsc_offset) {
 		vmcb01->control.tsc_offset = svm->vcpu.arch.tsc_offset;
@@ -1265,8 +1284,6 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 		svm_write_tsc_multiplier(vcpu);
 	}
 
-	svm->nested.ctl.nested_cr3 = 0;
-
 	/*
 	 * Restore processor state that had been saved in vmcb01
 	 */
@@ -1292,13 +1309,6 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 
 	nested_svm_transition_tlb_flush(vcpu);
 
-	nested_svm_uninit_mmu_context(vcpu);
-
-	if (nested_svm_load_cr3(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr3, false, true)) {
-		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu);
-		return;
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Drop what we picked up for L2 via svm_complete_interrupts() so it
 	 * doesn't end up in L1.
@@ -1307,21 +1317,18 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	kvm_clear_exception_queue(vcpu);
 	kvm_clear_interrupt_queue(vcpu);
 
-	/*
-	 * If we are here following the completion of a VMRUN that
-	 * is being single-stepped, queue the pending #DB intercept
-	 * right now so that it an be accounted for before we execute
-	 * L1's next instruction.
-	 */
-	if (unlikely(vmcb01->save.rflags & X86_EFLAGS_TF))
-		kvm_queue_exception(&(svm->vcpu), DB_VECTOR);
-
 	/*
 	 * Un-inhibit the AVIC right away, so that other vCPUs can start
 	 * to benefit from it right away.
 	 */
 	if (kvm_apicv_activated(vcpu->kvm))
 		__kvm_vcpu_update_apicv(vcpu);
+
+	/*
+	 * Potentially queues an exception, so it needs to be after
+	 * kvm_clear_exception_queue() is called above.
+	 */
+	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
 }
 
 static void nested_svm_triple_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 13/26] KVM: nSVM: Unify handling of VMRUN failures with proper cleanup

[Yosry Ahmed]

There are currently two possible causes of VMRUN failures:

1) Consistency checks failures. In this case, KVM updates the exit code
   in the mapped VMCB12 and exits early in nested_svm_vmrun(). This
   causes a few problems:

  A) KVM does not clear the GIF if the early consistency checks fail
     (because nested_svm_vmexit() is not called). Nothing requires
     GIF=0 before a VMRUN, from the APM:

	It is assumed that VMM software cleared GIF some time before
	executing the VMRUN instruction, to ensure an atomic state
	switch.

     So an early #VMEXIT from early consistency checks could leave the
     GIF set.

  B) svm_leave_smm() is missing consistency checks on the newly loaded
     guest state, because the checks aren't performed by
     enter_svm_guest_mode().

2) Failure to load L2's CR3 or merge the MSR bitmaps. In this case, a
   fully-fledged #VMEXIT injection is performed as VMCB02 is already
   prepared.

Arguably all VMRUN failures should be handled before the VMCB02 is
prepared, but with proper cleanup (e.g. clear the GIF). Move all the
potential failure checks inside enter_svm_guest_mode() before switching
to VMCB02. On failure of any of these checks, nested_svm_vmrun()
synthesizes a minimal #VMEXIT through the new nested_svm_failed_vmrun()
helper.

__nested_svm_vmexit() already performs the necessary cleanup for a
failed VMRUN, including uninitializing the nested MMU and reloading L1's
CR3. This ensures that consistency check failures do proper necessary
cleanup, while other failures do not doo too much cleanup. It also
leaves a unified path for handling VMRUN failures.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 52c65a30a5c6 ("KVM: SVM: Check for nested vmrun intercept before emulating vmrun")
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 53ae761b50e2..1dfe5800c98c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -938,22 +938,19 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 				    vmcb12->control.intercepts[INTERCEPT_WORD4],
 				    vmcb12->control.intercepts[INTERCEPT_WORD5]);
 
-
 	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = vmcb12_gpa;
 
 	WARN_ON(svm->vmcb == svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
 
 	enter_guest_mode(vcpu);
 
+	if (!nested_vmcb_check_save(vcpu, &svm->nested.save) ||
+	    !nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &svm->nested.ctl))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	if (nested_npt_enabled(svm))
 		nested_svm_init_mmu_context(vcpu);
 
-	nested_svm_copy_common_state(svm->vmcb01.ptr, svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
-
-	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
-	nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(svm, vmcb12->save.rip, vmcb12->save.cs.base);
-	nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(svm, vmcb12);
-
 	ret = nested_svm_load_cr3(&svm->vcpu, svm->nested.save.cr3,
 				  nested_npt_enabled(svm), from_vmrun);
 	if (ret)
@@ -965,6 +962,17 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 			return ret;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Any VMRUN failure needs to happen before this point, such that the
+	 * nested #VMEXIT is injected properly by nested_svm_failed_vmrun().
+	 */
+
+	nested_svm_copy_common_state(svm->vmcb01.ptr, svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
+
+	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
+	nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(svm, vmcb12->save.rip, vmcb12->save.cs.base);
+	nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(svm, vmcb12);
+
 	if (!from_vmrun)
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES, vcpu);
 
@@ -983,6 +991,8 @@ static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	struct vmcb *vmcb01 = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
 
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(is_guest_mode(vcpu));
+
 	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = 0;
 	svm->nested.ctl.nested_cr3 = 0;
 
@@ -1006,6 +1016,19 @@ static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 		kvm_queue_exception(vcpu, DB_VECTOR);
 }
 
+static void nested_svm_failed_vmrun(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12)
+{
+	WARN_ON(svm->vmcb == svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
+
+	leave_guest_mode(vcpu);
+
+	vmcb12->control.exit_code = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
+	vmcb12->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
+	vmcb12->control.exit_info_1 = 0;
+	vmcb12->control.exit_info_2 = 0;
+	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
+}
+
 int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
@@ -1048,15 +1071,6 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->control);
 	nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->save);
 
-	if (!nested_vmcb_check_save(vcpu, &svm->nested.save) ||
-	    !nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &svm->nested.ctl)) {
-		vmcb12->control.exit_code    = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
-		vmcb12->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
-		vmcb12->control.exit_info_1  = 0;
-		vmcb12->control.exit_info_2  = 0;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Since vmcb01 is not in use, we can use it to store some of the L1
 	 * state.
@@ -1077,15 +1091,9 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		svm->nmi_l1_to_l2 = false;
 		svm->soft_int_injected = false;
 
-		svm->vmcb->control.exit_code    = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
-		svm->vmcb->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
-		svm->vmcb->control.exit_info_1  = 0;
-		svm->vmcb->control.exit_info_2  = 0;
-
-		nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
+		nested_svm_failed_vmrun(svm, vmcb12);
 	}
 
-out:
 	kvm_vcpu_unmap(vcpu, &map);
 
 	return ret;
@@ -1224,6 +1232,8 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	if (guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_ERAPS))
 		vmcb01->control.erap_ctl |= ERAP_CONTROL_CLEAR_RAP;
 
+	/* VMRUN failures before switching to VMCB02 are handled by nested_svm_failed_vmrun() */
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(svm->vmcb != svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
 	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->vmcb01);
 
 	/*
@@ -1914,9 +1924,6 @@ static int svm_set_nested_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (nested_npt_enabled(svm))
 		nested_svm_init_mmu_context(vcpu);
 
-	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
-	nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(svm, svm->vmcb->save.rip, svm->vmcb->save.cs.base);
-
 	/*
 	 * While the nested guest CR3 is already checked and set by
 	 * KVM_SET_SREGS, it was set when nested state was yet loaded,
@@ -1928,6 +1935,9 @@ static int svm_set_nested_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_free;
 
+	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
+	nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(svm, svm->vmcb->save.rip, svm->vmcb->save.cs.base);
+
 	svm->nested.force_msr_bitmap_recalc = true;
 
 	kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES, vcpu);
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

Re: [PATCH v4 13/26] KVM: nSVM: Unify handling of VMRUN failures with proper cleanup

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> @@ -983,6 +991,8 @@ static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
>  	struct vmcb *vmcb01 = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
>  	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
>  
> +	WARN_ON_ONCE(is_guest_mode(vcpu));
> +
>  	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = 0;
>  	svm->nested.ctl.nested_cr3 = 0;
>  
> @@ -1006,6 +1016,19 @@ static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
>  		kvm_queue_exception(vcpu, DB_VECTOR);
>  }
>  
> +static void nested_svm_failed_vmrun(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12)

I don't love the name.  "fail" has very specific meaning in VMX for VMLAUNCH and
VMRESUME, as VM-Fail is not a VM-Exit, e.g. doesn't load host state from the VMCS.

I also don't love that the name doesn't capture that this is synthesizing a #VMEXIT.
Maybe nested_svm_vmrun_error_vmexit()?  I suppose nested_svm_failed_vmrun_vmexit()
isn't too bad either, as that at least addresses my concerns about conflating it
with VMX's VM-Fail.

> +{
> +	WARN_ON(svm->vmcb == svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);

WARN_ON_ONCE()

> +
> +	leave_guest_mode(vcpu);

Someone didn't test each patch.  "vcpu" doesn't exist until
"KVM: nSVM: Restrict mapping VMCB12 on nested VMRUN".  Just pass in @vcpu and
@vmcb12, i.e. don't pass @svm and then pull @vcpu back out.

> +	vmcb12->control.exit_code = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
> +	vmcb12->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
> +	vmcb12->control.exit_info_1 = 0;
> +	vmcb12->control.exit_info_2 = 0;
> +	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
> +}

...

> @@ -1224,6 +1232,8 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
>  	if (guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_ERAPS))
>  		vmcb01->control.erap_ctl |= ERAP_CONTROL_CLEAR_RAP;
>  
> +	/* VMRUN failures before switching to VMCB02 are handled by nested_svm_failed_vmrun() */

Please don't add comments that just point elsewhere.  They inevitably become
stale, and they don't help the reader understand "why" any of this matters.

E.g. something like

	/*
	 * This helper is intended for use only when KVM synthesizing a #VMEXIT
	 * after a successful nested VMRUN.  All VMRUN consistency checks must
	 * be performed before loading guest state, and so should use the inner
	 * helper.
	 */ 

Re: [PATCH v4 13/26] KVM: nSVM: Unify handling of VMRUN failures with proper cleanup

[Yosry Ahmed]

On Thu, Feb 05, 2026 at 04:47:59PM -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> > @@ -983,6 +991,8 @@ static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
> >  	struct vmcb *vmcb01 = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
> >  	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
> >  
> > +	WARN_ON_ONCE(is_guest_mode(vcpu));
> > +
> >  	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = 0;
> >  	svm->nested.ctl.nested_cr3 = 0;
> >  
> > @@ -1006,6 +1016,19 @@ static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
> >  		kvm_queue_exception(vcpu, DB_VECTOR);
> >  }
> >  
> > +static void nested_svm_failed_vmrun(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12)
> 
> I don't love the name.  "fail" has very specific meaning in VMX for VMLAUNCH and
> VMRESUME, as VM-Fail is not a VM-Exit, e.g. doesn't load host state from the VMCS.
> 
> I also don't love that the name doesn't capture that this is synthesizing a #VMEXIT.
> Maybe nested_svm_vmrun_error_vmexit()?  I suppose nested_svm_failed_vmrun_vmexit()
> isn't too bad either, as that at least addresses my concerns about conflating it
> with VMX's VM-Fail.

Good point, I think nested_svm_vmrun_error_vmexit() is fine.

> 
> > +{
> > +	WARN_ON(svm->vmcb == svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
> 
> WARN_ON_ONCE()
> 
> > +
> > +	leave_guest_mode(vcpu);
> 
> Someone didn't test each patch.  "vcpu" doesn't exist until

I plead the 5th.

> "KVM: nSVM: Restrict mapping VMCB12 on nested VMRUN".  Just pass in @vcpu and
> @vmcb12, i.e. don't pass @svm and then pull @vcpu back out.
> 
> > +	vmcb12->control.exit_code = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
> > +	vmcb12->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
> > +	vmcb12->control.exit_info_1 = 0;
> > +	vmcb12->control.exit_info_2 = 0;
> > +	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
> > +}
> 
> ...
> 
> > @@ -1224,6 +1232,8 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
> >  	if (guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_ERAPS))
> >  		vmcb01->control.erap_ctl |= ERAP_CONTROL_CLEAR_RAP;
> >  
> > +	/* VMRUN failures before switching to VMCB02 are handled by nested_svm_failed_vmrun() */
> 
> Please don't add comments that just point elsewhere.  They inevitably become
> stale, and they don't help the reader understand "why" any of this matters.
> 
> E.g. something like
> 
> 	/*
> 	 * This helper is intended for use only when KVM synthesizing a #VMEXIT
> 	 * after a successful nested VMRUN.  All VMRUN consistency checks must
> 	 * be performed before loading guest state, and so should use the inner
> 	 * helper.
> 	 */ 

Will use that, but I will replace "this helper" and "inner helper" with
nested_svm_vmexit() and __nested_svm_vmexit().

Re: [PATCH v4 13/26] KVM: nSVM: Unify handling of VMRUN failures with proper cleanup

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> There are currently two possible causes of VMRUN failures:

Might be worth qualifying this with:

  There are currently two possible causes of VMRUN failures emulated by
  KVM:

Because there are more than two causes in the APM and hardware, they're just not
emulated by KVM.

[PATCH v4 14/26] KVM: nSVM: Clear EVENTINJ field in VMCB12 on nested #VMEXIT

[Yosry Ahmed]

According to the APM, from the reference of the VMRUN instruction:

	Upon #VMEXIT, the processor performs the following actions in
	order to return to the host execution context:
	...
	clear EVENTINJ field in VMCB

KVM correctly cleared EVENTINJ (i.e. event_inj and event_inj_err) on
nested #VMEXIT before commit 2d8a42be0e2b ("KVM: nSVM: synchronize VMCB
controls updated by the processor on every vmexit"). That commit made
sure the fields are synchronized between VMCB02 and KVM's cached VMCB12
on every L2->L0 #VMEXIT, such that they are serialized correctly on
save/restore.

However, the commit also incorrectly copied the fields from KVM's cached
VMCB12 to L1's VMCB12 on nested #VMEXIT. Go back to clearing the fields,
and so in __nested_svm_vmexit() instead of nested_svm_vmexit(), such
that it also applies to #VMEXITs caused by a failed VMRUN.

Fixes: 2d8a42be0e2b ("KVM: nSVM: synchronize VMCB controls updated by the processor on every vmexit")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 16 +++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 1dfe5800c98c..704e572324f2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
+static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12)
 {
 	struct vmcb *vmcb01 = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
@@ -1000,6 +1000,10 @@ static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	svm_set_gif(svm, false);
 	vmcb01->control.exit_int_info = 0;
 
+	/* event_inj is cleared on #VMEXIT */
+	vmcb12->control.event_inj = 0;
+	vmcb12->control.event_inj_err = 0;
+
 	nested_svm_uninit_mmu_context(vcpu);
 	if (nested_svm_load_cr3(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr3, false, true)) {
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu);
@@ -1026,7 +1030,7 @@ static void nested_svm_failed_vmrun(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12)
 	vmcb12->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
 	vmcb12->control.exit_info_1 = 0;
 	vmcb12->control.exit_info_2 = 0;
-	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
+	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm, vmcb12);
 }
 
 int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
@@ -1209,8 +1213,6 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 		vmcb12->control.next_rip  = vmcb02->control.next_rip;
 
 	vmcb12->control.int_ctl           = svm->nested.ctl.int_ctl;
-	vmcb12->control.event_inj         = svm->nested.ctl.event_inj;
-	vmcb12->control.event_inj_err     = svm->nested.ctl.event_inj_err;
 
 	if (!kvm_pause_in_guest(vcpu->kvm)) {
 		vmcb01->control.pause_filter_count = vmcb02->control.pause_filter_count;
@@ -1315,8 +1317,6 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 				       vmcb12->control.exit_int_info_err,
 				       KVM_ISA_SVM);
 
-	kvm_vcpu_unmap(vcpu, &map);
-
 	nested_svm_transition_tlb_flush(vcpu);
 
 	/*
@@ -1338,7 +1338,9 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	 * Potentially queues an exception, so it needs to be after
 	 * kvm_clear_exception_queue() is called above.
 	 */
-	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm);
+	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm, vmcb12);
+
+	kvm_vcpu_unmap(vcpu, &map);
 }
 
 static void nested_svm_triple_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 15/26] KVM: nSVM: Drop the non-architectural consistency check for NP_ENABLE

[Yosry Ahmed]

KVM currenty fails a nested VMRUN and injects VMEXIT_INVALID (aka
SVM_EXIT_ERR) if L1 sets NP_ENABLE and the host does not support NPTs.
On first glance, it seems like the check should actually be for
guest_cpu_cap_has(X86_FEATURE_NPT) instead, as it is possible for the
host to support NPTs but the guest CPUID to not advertise it.

However, the consistency check is not architectural to begin with. The
APM does not mention VMEXIT_INVALID if NP_ENABLE is set on a processor
that does not have X86_FEATURE_NPT. Hence, NP_ENABLE should be ignored
if X86_FEATURE_NPT is not available for L1, so sanitize it when copying
from the VMCB12 to KVM's cache.

Apart from the consistency check, NP_ENABLE in VMCB12 is currently
ignored because the bit is actually copied from VMCB01 to VMCB02, not
from VMCB12.

Fixes: 4b16184c1cca ("KVM: SVM: Initialize Nested Nested MMU context on VMRUN")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 9 +++++----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 704e572324f2..0f2b42803cf6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -351,9 +351,6 @@ static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (CC(control->asid == 0))
 		return false;
 
-	if (CC((control->nested_ctl & SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE) && !npt_enabled))
-		return false;
-
 	if (CC(!nested_svm_check_bitmap_pa(vcpu, control->msrpm_base_pa,
 					   MSRPM_SIZE)))
 		return false;
@@ -434,6 +431,11 @@ void __nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	nested_svm_sanitize_intercept(vcpu, to, SKINIT);
 	nested_svm_sanitize_intercept(vcpu, to, RDPRU);
 
+	/* Always clear NP_ENABLE if the guest cannot use NPTs */
+	to->nested_ctl          = from->nested_ctl;
+	if (!guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_NPT))
+		to->nested_ctl &= ~SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
+
 	to->iopm_base_pa        = from->iopm_base_pa;
 	to->msrpm_base_pa       = from->msrpm_base_pa;
 	to->tsc_offset          = from->tsc_offset;
@@ -448,7 +450,6 @@ void __nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	to->exit_info_2         = from->exit_info_2;
 	to->exit_int_info       = from->exit_int_info;
 	to->exit_int_info_err   = from->exit_int_info_err;
-	to->nested_ctl          = from->nested_ctl;
 	to->event_inj           = from->event_inj;
 	to->event_inj_err       = from->event_inj_err;
 	to->next_rip            = from->next_rip;
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 16/26] KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for nCR3 validity

[Yosry Ahmed]

From the APM Volume #2, 15.25.4 (24593—Rev. 3.42—March 2024):

	When VMRUN is executed with nested paging enabled
	(NP_ENABLE = 1), the following conditions are considered illegal
	state combinations, in addition to those mentioned in
	“Canonicalization and Consistency Checks”:
	• Any MBZ bit of nCR3 is set.
	• Any G_PAT.PA field has an unsupported type encoding or any
	reserved field in G_PAT has a nonzero value.

Add the consistency check for nCR3 being a legal GPA with no MBZ bits
set. The G_PAT.PA check was proposed separately [*].

[*]https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/20251107201151.3303170-6-jmattson@google.com/

Fixes: 4b16184c1cca ("KVM: SVM: Initialize Nested Nested MMU context on VMRUN")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 0f2b42803cf6..eb4a633a668d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -351,6 +351,11 @@ static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (CC(control->asid == 0))
 		return false;
 
+	if (nested_npt_enabled(to_svm(vcpu))) {
+		if (CC(!kvm_vcpu_is_legal_gpa(vcpu, control->nested_cr3)))
+			return false;
+	}
+
 	if (CC(!nested_svm_check_bitmap_pa(vcpu, control->msrpm_base_pa,
 					   MSRPM_SIZE)))
 		return false;
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

Re: [PATCH v4 16/26] KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for nCR3 validity

[Yosry Ahmed]

On Thu, Jan 15, 2026 at 01:13:02AM +0000, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> From the APM Volume #2, 15.25.4 (24593—Rev. 3.42—March 2024):
> 
> 	When VMRUN is executed with nested paging enabled
> 	(NP_ENABLE = 1), the following conditions are considered illegal
> 	state combinations, in addition to those mentioned in
> 	“Canonicalization and Consistency Checks”:
> 	• Any MBZ bit of nCR3 is set.
> 	• Any G_PAT.PA field has an unsupported type encoding or any
> 	reserved field in G_PAT has a nonzero value.
> 
> Add the consistency check for nCR3 being a legal GPA with no MBZ bits
> set. The G_PAT.PA check was proposed separately [*].
> 
> [*]https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/20251107201151.3303170-6-jmattson@google.com/
> 
> Fixes: 4b16184c1cca ("KVM: SVM: Initialize Nested Nested MMU context on VMRUN")
> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
> Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 5 +++++
>  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
> index 0f2b42803cf6..eb4a633a668d 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
> @@ -351,6 +351,11 @@ static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
>  	if (CC(control->asid == 0))
>  		return false;
>  
> +	if (nested_npt_enabled(to_svm(vcpu))) {

This won't work correctly in svm_set_nested_state(), because the control
cache hadn't been restored yet. Also makes more sense in general to
check NPT enablement using the passed in control area.

This should be:

	if (control->nested_ctl & SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE) {

> +		if (CC(!kvm_vcpu_is_legal_gpa(vcpu, control->nested_cr3)))
> +			return false;
> +	}
> +
>  	if (CC(!nested_svm_check_bitmap_pa(vcpu, control->msrpm_base_pa,
>  					   MSRPM_SIZE)))
>  		return false;
> -- 
> 2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog
> 

[PATCH v4 17/26] KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for hCR0.PG and NP_ENABLE

[Yosry Ahmed]

From the APM Volume #2, 15.25.3 (24593—Rev. 3.42—March 2024):

	If VMRUN is executed with hCR0.PG cleared to zero and NP_ENABLE
	set to 1 , VMRUN terminates with #VMEXIT(VMEXIT_INVALID).

Add the consistency check by plumbing L1's CR0 to
nested_vmcb_check_controls().

Fixes: 4b16184c1cca ("KVM: SVM: Initialize Nested Nested MMU context on VMRUN")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 11 ++++++++---
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index eb4a633a668d..72db46b5126d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -343,7 +343,8 @@ static bool nested_svm_check_bitmap_pa(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 pa, u32 size)
 }
 
 static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-				       struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *control)
+				       struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *control,
+				       unsigned long l1_cr0)
 {
 	if (CC(!vmcb12_is_intercept(control, INTERCEPT_VMRUN)))
 		return false;
@@ -354,6 +355,8 @@ static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (nested_npt_enabled(to_svm(vcpu))) {
 		if (CC(!kvm_vcpu_is_legal_gpa(vcpu, control->nested_cr3)))
 			return false;
+		if (CC(!(l1_cr0 & X86_CR0_PG)))
+			return false;
 	}
 
 	if (CC(!nested_svm_check_bitmap_pa(vcpu, control->msrpm_base_pa,
@@ -951,7 +954,8 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 	enter_guest_mode(vcpu);
 
 	if (!nested_vmcb_check_save(vcpu, &svm->nested.save) ||
-	    !nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &svm->nested.ctl))
+	    !nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &svm->nested.ctl,
+					svm->vmcb01.ptr->save.cr0))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	if (nested_npt_enabled(svm))
@@ -1882,7 +1886,8 @@ static int svm_set_nested_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 
 	ret = -EINVAL;
 	__nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(vcpu, &ctl_cached, ctl);
-	if (!nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &ctl_cached))
+	/* 'save' contains L1 state saved from before VMRUN */
+	if (!nested_vmcb_check_controls(vcpu, &ctl_cached, save->cr0))
 		goto out_free;
 
 	/*
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 18/26] KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for EFER, CR0, CR4, and CS

[Yosry Ahmed]

According to the APM Volume #2, 15.5, Canonicalization and Consistency
Checks (24593—Rev. 3.42—March 2024), the following condition (among
others) results in a #VMEXIT with VMEXIT_INVALID (aka SVM_EXIT_ERR):

  EFER.LME, CR0.PG, CR4.PAE, CS.L, and CS.D are all non-zero.

Add the missing consistency check. This is functionally a nop because
the nested VMRUN results in SVM_EXIT_ERR in HW, which is forwarded to
L1, but KVM makes all consistency checks before a VMRUN is actually
attempted.

Fixes: 3d6368ef580a ("KVM: SVM: Add VMRUN handler")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 7 +++++++
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h    | 1 +
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 72db46b5126d..d8c79b3ea55e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -398,6 +398,11 @@ static bool nested_vmcb_check_save(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 		    CC(!(save->cr0 & X86_CR0_PE)) ||
 		    CC(!kvm_vcpu_is_legal_cr3(vcpu, save->cr3)))
 			return false;
+
+		if (CC((save->cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE) &&
+		       (save->cs.attrib & SVM_SELECTOR_L_MASK) &&
+		       (save->cs.attrib & SVM_SELECTOR_DB_MASK)))
+			return false;
 	}
 
 	/* Note, SVM doesn't have any additional restrictions on CR4. */
@@ -494,6 +499,8 @@ static void __nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache(struct vmcb_save_area_cached *to,
 	 * Copy only fields that are validated, as we need them
 	 * to avoid TOC/TOU races.
 	 */
+	to->cs = from->cs;
+
 	to->efer = from->efer;
 	to->cr0 = from->cr0;
 	to->cr3 = from->cr3;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index 3e3dcd671aad..dc0ce2141d5f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ struct kvm_vmcb_info {
 };
 
 struct vmcb_save_area_cached {
+	struct vmcb_seg cs;
 	u64 efer;
 	u64 cr4;
 	u64 cr3;
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 19/26] KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for event_inj

[Yosry Ahmed]

According to the APM Volume #2, 15.20 (24593—Rev. 3.42—March 2024):

  VMRUN exits with VMEXIT_INVALID error code if either:
  • Reserved values of TYPE have been specified, or
  • TYPE = 3 (exception) has been specified with a vector that does not
    correspond to an exception (this includes vector 2, which is an NMI,
    not an exception).

Add the missing consistency checks to KVM. For the second point, inject
VMEXIT_INVALID if the vector is anything but the vectors defined by the
APM for exceptions. Reserved vectors are also considered invalid, which
matches the HW behavior. Vector 9 (i.e. #CSO) is considered invalid
because it is reserved on modern CPUs, and according to LLMs no CPUs
exist supporting SVM and producing #CSOs.

Defined exceptions could be different between virtual CPUs as new CPUs
define new vectors. In a best effort to dynamically define the valid
vectors, make all currently defined vectors as valid except those
obviously tied to a CPU feature: SHSTK -> #CP and SEV-ES -> #VC. As new
vectors are defined, they can similarly be tied to corresponding CPU
features.

Invalid vectors on specific (e.g. old) CPUs that are missed by KVM
should be rejected by HW anyway.

Fixes: 3d6368ef580a ("KVM: SVM: Add VMRUN handler")
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 51 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index d8c79b3ea55e..79db1e1c8b2a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -342,6 +342,54 @@ static bool nested_svm_check_bitmap_pa(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 pa, u32 size)
 	    kvm_vcpu_is_legal_gpa(vcpu, addr + size - 1);
 }
 
+static bool nested_svm_event_inj_valid_exept(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u8 vector)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Vectors that do not correspond to a defined exception are invalid
+	 * (including #NMI and reserved vectors). In a best effort to define
+	 * valid exceptions based on the virtual CPU, make all exceptions always
+	 * valid except those obviously tied to a CPU feature.
+	 */
+	switch (vector) {
+	case DE_VECTOR: case DB_VECTOR: case BP_VECTOR: case OF_VECTOR:
+	case BR_VECTOR: case UD_VECTOR: case NM_VECTOR: case DF_VECTOR:
+	case TS_VECTOR: case NP_VECTOR: case SS_VECTOR: case GP_VECTOR:
+	case PF_VECTOR: case MF_VECTOR: case AC_VECTOR: case MC_VECTOR:
+	case XM_VECTOR: case HV_VECTOR: case SX_VECTOR:
+		return true;
+	case CP_VECTOR:
+		return guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_SHSTK);
+	case VC_VECTOR:
+		return guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_SEV_ES);
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * According to the APM, VMRUN exits with SVM_EXIT_ERR if SVM_EVTINJ_VALID is
+ * set and:
+ * - The type of event_inj is not one of the defined values.
+ * - The type is SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_EXEPT, but the vector is not a valid exception.
+ */
+static bool nested_svm_check_event_inj(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 event_inj)
+{
+	u32 type = event_inj & SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_MASK;
+	u8 vector = event_inj & SVM_EVTINJ_VEC_MASK;
+
+	if (!(event_inj & SVM_EVTINJ_VALID))
+		return true;
+
+	if (type != SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_INTR && type != SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_NMI &&
+	    type != SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_EXEPT && type != SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SOFT)
+		return false;
+
+	if (type == SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_EXEPT &&
+	    !nested_svm_event_inj_valid_exept(vcpu, vector))
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 				       struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *control,
 				       unsigned long l1_cr0)
@@ -371,6 +419,9 @@ static bool nested_vmcb_check_controls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 		return false;
 	}
 
+	if (CC(!nested_svm_check_event_inj(vcpu, control->event_inj)))
+		return false;
+
 	return true;
 }
 
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 20/26] KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->nested_ctl to vmcb->misc_ctl

[Yosry Ahmed]

The 'nested_ctl' field is misnamed. Although the first bit is for nested
paging, the other defined bits are for SEV/SEV-ES. Other bits in the
same field according to the APM (but not defined by KVM) include "Guest
Mode Execution Trap", "Enable INVLPGB/TLBSYNC", and other control bits
unrelated to 'nested'.

There is nothing common among these bits, so just name the field
misc_ctl. Also rename the flags accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h                    |  8 ++++----
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c                     | 10 +++++-----
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c                        |  4 ++--
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c                        |  4 ++--
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h                        |  4 ++--
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h |  6 +++---
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/svm.c     |  2 +-
 7 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
index 50ece197c98a..2e39ac15ee5a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 	u64 exit_info_2;
 	u32 exit_int_info;
 	u32 exit_int_info_err;
-	u64 nested_ctl;
+	u64 misc_ctl;
 	u64 avic_vapic_bar;
 	u64 ghcb_gpa;
 	u32 event_inj;
@@ -240,9 +240,9 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define SVM_IOIO_SIZE_MASK (7 << SVM_IOIO_SIZE_SHIFT)
 #define SVM_IOIO_ASIZE_MASK (7 << SVM_IOIO_ASIZE_SHIFT)
 
-#define SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE	BIT(0)
-#define SVM_NESTED_CTL_SEV_ENABLE	BIT(1)
-#define SVM_NESTED_CTL_SEV_ES_ENABLE	BIT(2)
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL_NP_ENABLE		BIT(0)
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE		BIT(1)
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ES_ENABLE	BIT(2)
 
 
 #define SVM_TSC_RATIO_RSVD	0xffffff0000000000ULL
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 79db1e1c8b2a..605e202ba208 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -496,9 +496,9 @@ void __nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	nested_svm_sanitize_intercept(vcpu, to, RDPRU);
 
 	/* Always clear NP_ENABLE if the guest cannot use NPTs */
-	to->nested_ctl          = from->nested_ctl;
+	to->misc_ctl = from->misc_ctl;
 	if (!guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_NPT))
-		to->nested_ctl &= ~SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
+		to->misc_ctl &= ~SVM_MISC_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
 
 	to->iopm_base_pa        = from->iopm_base_pa;
 	to->msrpm_base_pa       = from->msrpm_base_pa;
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(struct vcpu_svm *svm,
 	}
 
 	/* Copied from vmcb01.  msrpm_base can be overwritten later.  */
-	vmcb02->control.nested_ctl = vmcb01->control.nested_ctl;
+	vmcb02->control.misc_ctl = vmcb01->control.misc_ctl;
 	vmcb02->control.iopm_base_pa = vmcb01->control.iopm_base_pa;
 	vmcb02->control.msrpm_base_pa = vmcb01->control.msrpm_base_pa;
 	vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_PERM_MAP);
@@ -993,7 +993,7 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 				 vmcb12->save.rip,
 				 vmcb12->control.int_ctl,
 				 vmcb12->control.event_inj,
-				 vmcb12->control.nested_ctl,
+				 vmcb12->control.misc_ctl,
 				 vmcb12->control.nested_cr3,
 				 vmcb12->save.cr3,
 				 KVM_ISA_SVM);
@@ -1804,7 +1804,7 @@ static void nested_copy_vmcb_cache_to_control(struct vmcb_control_area *dst,
 	dst->exit_info_2          = from->exit_info_2;
 	dst->exit_int_info        = from->exit_int_info;
 	dst->exit_int_info_err    = from->exit_int_info_err;
-	dst->nested_ctl           = from->nested_ctl;
+	dst->misc_ctl		  = from->misc_ctl;
 	dst->event_inj            = from->event_inj;
 	dst->event_inj_err        = from->event_inj_err;
 	dst->next_rip             = from->next_rip;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
index f59c65abe3cf..dbeb776b0492 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
@@ -4564,7 +4564,7 @@ static void sev_es_init_vmcb(struct vcpu_svm *svm, bool init_event)
 	struct kvm_sev_info *sev = to_kvm_sev_info(svm->vcpu.kvm);
 	struct vmcb *vmcb = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
 
-	svm->vmcb->control.nested_ctl |= SVM_NESTED_CTL_SEV_ES_ENABLE;
+	svm->vmcb->control.misc_ctl |= SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ES_ENABLE;
 
 	/*
 	 * An SEV-ES guest requires a VMSA area that is a separate from the
@@ -4635,7 +4635,7 @@ void sev_init_vmcb(struct vcpu_svm *svm, bool init_event)
 {
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
 
-	svm->vmcb->control.nested_ctl |= SVM_NESTED_CTL_SEV_ENABLE;
+	svm->vmcb->control.misc_ctl |= SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE;
 	clr_exception_intercept(svm, UD_VECTOR);
 
 	/*
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index f3901f9ee487..e64bbae8f852 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -1149,7 +1149,7 @@ static void init_vmcb(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool init_event)
 
 	if (npt_enabled) {
 		/* Setup VMCB for Nested Paging */
-		control->nested_ctl |= SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
+		control->misc_ctl |= SVM_MISC_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
 		svm_clr_intercept(svm, INTERCEPT_INVLPG);
 		clr_exception_intercept(svm, PF_VECTOR);
 		svm_clr_intercept(svm, INTERCEPT_CR3_READ);
@@ -3352,7 +3352,7 @@ static void dump_vmcb(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	pr_err("%-20s%016llx\n", "exit_info2:", control->exit_info_2);
 	pr_err("%-20s%08x\n", "exit_int_info:", control->exit_int_info);
 	pr_err("%-20s%08x\n", "exit_int_info_err:", control->exit_int_info_err);
-	pr_err("%-20s%lld\n", "nested_ctl:", control->nested_ctl);
+	pr_err("%-20s%lld\n", "misc_ctl:", control->misc_ctl);
 	pr_err("%-20s%016llx\n", "nested_cr3:", control->nested_cr3);
 	pr_err("%-20s%016llx\n", "avic_vapic_bar:", control->avic_vapic_bar);
 	pr_err("%-20s%016llx\n", "ghcb:", control->ghcb_gpa);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index dc0ce2141d5f..166d2b93797d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached {
 	u64 exit_info_2;
 	u32 exit_int_info;
 	u32 exit_int_info_err;
-	u64 nested_ctl;
+	u64 misc_ctl;
 	u32 event_inj;
 	u32 event_inj_err;
 	u64 next_rip;
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ static inline bool gif_set(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 
 static inline bool nested_npt_enabled(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 {
-	return svm->nested.ctl.nested_ctl & SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
+	return svm->nested.ctl.misc_ctl & SVM_MISC_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
 }
 
 static inline bool nested_vnmi_enabled(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h
index 29cffd0a9181..5d2bcce34c01 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 	u64 exit_info_2;
 	u32 exit_int_info;
 	u32 exit_int_info_err;
-	u64 nested_ctl;
+	u64 misc_ctl;
 	u64 avic_vapic_bar;
 	u8 reserved_4[8];
 	u32 event_inj;
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define SVM_VM_CR_SVM_LOCK_MASK 0x0008ULL
 #define SVM_VM_CR_SVM_DIS_MASK  0x0010ULL
 
-#define SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE	BIT(0)
-#define SVM_NESTED_CTL_SEV_ENABLE	BIT(1)
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL_CTL_NP_ENABLE	BIT(0)
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE		BIT(1)
 
 struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_seg {
 	u16 selector;
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/svm.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/svm.c
index 2e5c480c9afd..fd70984a2aa5 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/svm.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/svm.c
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ void generic_svm_setup(struct svm_test_data *svm, void *guest_rip, void *guest_r
 	guest_regs.rdi = (u64)svm;
 
 	if (svm->ncr3_gpa) {
-		ctrl->nested_ctl |= SVM_NESTED_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
+		ctrl->misc_ctl |= SVM_MISC_CTL_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
 		ctrl->nested_cr3 = svm->ncr3_gpa;
 	}
 }
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 21/26] KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->virt_ext to vmcb->misc_ctl2

[Yosry Ahmed]

'virt' is confusing in the VMCB because it is relative and ambiguous.
The 'virt_ext' field includes bits for LBR virtualization and
VMSAVE/VMLOAD virtualization, so it's just another miscellaneous control
field. Name it as such.

While at it, move the definitions of the bits below those for
'misc_ctl' and rename them for consistency.

Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h                    |  7 +++----
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c                     | 18 ++++++++---------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c                        | 20 +++++++++----------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h                        |  2 +-
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h |  8 ++++----
 .../selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c  |  4 ++--
 6 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
index 2e39ac15ee5a..770c7aed5fa5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 	u32 event_inj;
 	u32 event_inj_err;
 	u64 nested_cr3;
-	u64 virt_ext;
+	u64 misc_ctl2;
 	u32 clean;
 	u32 reserved_5;
 	u64 next_rip;
@@ -223,9 +223,6 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define X2APIC_MODE_SHIFT 30
 #define X2APIC_MODE_MASK (1 << X2APIC_MODE_SHIFT)
 
-#define LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK BIT_ULL(0)
-#define VIRTUAL_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE_MASK BIT_ULL(1)
-
 #define SVM_INTERRUPT_SHADOW_MASK	BIT_ULL(0)
 #define SVM_GUEST_INTERRUPT_MASK	BIT_ULL(1)
 
@@ -244,6 +241,8 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE		BIT(1)
 #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ES_ENABLE	BIT(2)
 
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE		BIT_ULL(0)
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE	BIT_ULL(1)
 
 #define SVM_TSC_RATIO_RSVD	0xffffff0000000000ULL
 #define SVM_TSC_RATIO_MIN	0x0000000000000001ULL
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 605e202ba208..69bd926530b3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ static bool nested_vmcb_needs_vls_intercept(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	if (!nested_npt_enabled(svm))
 		return true;
 
-	if (!(svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & VIRTUAL_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE_MASK))
+	if (!(svm->nested.ctl.misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE))
 		return true;
 
 	return false;
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ void recalc_intercepts(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 		vmcb_set_intercept(c, INTERCEPT_VMLOAD);
 		vmcb_set_intercept(c, INTERCEPT_VMSAVE);
 	} else {
-		WARN_ON(!(c->virt_ext & VIRTUAL_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE_MASK));
+		WARN_ON(!(c->misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ void __nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	to->event_inj_err       = from->event_inj_err;
 	to->next_rip            = from->next_rip;
 	to->nested_cr3          = from->nested_cr3;
-	to->virt_ext            = from->virt_ext;
+	to->misc_ctl2            = from->misc_ctl2;
 	to->pause_filter_count  = from->pause_filter_count;
 	to->pause_filter_thresh = from->pause_filter_thresh;
 
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12
 	}
 
 	if (unlikely(guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_LBRV) &&
-		     (svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK))) {
+		     (svm->nested.ctl.misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE))) {
 		/*
 		 * Reserved bits of DEBUGCTL are ignored.  Be consistent with
 		 * svm_set_msr's definition of reserved bits.
@@ -918,10 +918,10 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(struct vcpu_svm *svm,
 			svm->soft_int_next_rip = vmcb12_rip;
 	}
 
-	/* LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK is controlled by svm_update_lbrv() */
+	/* SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE is controlled by svm_update_lbrv() */
 
 	if (!nested_vmcb_needs_vls_intercept(svm))
-		vmcb02->control.virt_ext |= VIRTUAL_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE_MASK;
+		vmcb02->control.misc_ctl2 |= SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE;
 
 	if (guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_PAUSEFILTER))
 		pause_count12 = svm->nested.ctl.pause_filter_count;
@@ -1329,7 +1329,7 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_EVENT, &svm->vcpu);
 
 	if (unlikely(guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_LBRV) &&
-		     (svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK))) {
+		     (svm->nested.ctl.misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE))) {
 		svm_copy_lbrs(&vmcb12->save, &vmcb02->save);
 	} else {
 		svm_copy_lbrs(&vmcb01->save, &vmcb02->save);
@@ -1808,8 +1808,8 @@ static void nested_copy_vmcb_cache_to_control(struct vmcb_control_area *dst,
 	dst->event_inj            = from->event_inj;
 	dst->event_inj_err        = from->event_inj_err;
 	dst->next_rip             = from->next_rip;
-	dst->nested_cr3           = from->nested_cr3;
-	dst->virt_ext              = from->virt_ext;
+	dst->nested_cr3		  = from->nested_cr3;
+	dst->misc_ctl2		  = from->misc_ctl2;
 	dst->pause_filter_count   = from->pause_filter_count;
 	dst->pause_filter_thresh  = from->pause_filter_thresh;
 	/* 'clean' and 'hv_enlightenments' are not changed by KVM */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index e64bbae8f852..d6a850c35225 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ void *svm_alloc_permissions_map(unsigned long size, gfp_t gfp_mask)
 static void svm_recalc_lbr_msr_intercepts(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
-	bool intercept = !(svm->vmcb->control.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK);
+	bool intercept = !(svm->vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE);
 
 	if (intercept == svm->lbr_msrs_intercepted)
 		return;
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ static void svm_recalc_msr_intercepts(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 static void __svm_enable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	to_svm(vcpu)->vmcb->control.virt_ext |= LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK;
+	to_svm(vcpu)->vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 |= SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE;
 }
 
 void svm_enable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
@@ -855,16 +855,16 @@ void svm_enable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 static void __svm_disable_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	KVM_BUG_ON(sev_es_guest(vcpu->kvm), vcpu->kvm);
-	to_svm(vcpu)->vmcb->control.virt_ext &= ~LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK;
+	to_svm(vcpu)->vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 &= ~SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE;
 }
 
 void svm_update_lbrv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
-	bool current_enable_lbrv = svm->vmcb->control.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK;
+	bool current_enable_lbrv = svm->vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE;
 	bool enable_lbrv = (svm->vmcb->save.dbgctl & DEBUGCTLMSR_LBR) ||
 			    (is_guest_mode(vcpu) && guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_LBRV) &&
-			    (svm->nested.ctl.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK));
+			    (svm->nested.ctl.misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE));
 
 	if (enable_lbrv && !current_enable_lbrv)
 		__svm_enable_lbrv(vcpu);
@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ static void svm_recalc_instruction_intercepts(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	if (guest_cpuid_is_intel_compatible(vcpu)) {
 		svm_set_intercept(svm, INTERCEPT_VMLOAD);
 		svm_set_intercept(svm, INTERCEPT_VMSAVE);
-		svm->vmcb->control.virt_ext &= ~VIRTUAL_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE_MASK;
+		svm->vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 &= ~SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE;
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * If hardware supports Virtual VMLOAD VMSAVE then enable it
@@ -1034,7 +1034,7 @@ static void svm_recalc_instruction_intercepts(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		if (vls) {
 			svm_clr_intercept(svm, INTERCEPT_VMLOAD);
 			svm_clr_intercept(svm, INTERCEPT_VMSAVE);
-			svm->vmcb->control.virt_ext |= VIRTUAL_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE_MASK;
+			svm->vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 |= SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -3358,7 +3358,7 @@ static void dump_vmcb(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	pr_err("%-20s%016llx\n", "ghcb:", control->ghcb_gpa);
 	pr_err("%-20s%08x\n", "event_inj:", control->event_inj);
 	pr_err("%-20s%08x\n", "event_inj_err:", control->event_inj_err);
-	pr_err("%-20s%lld\n", "virt_ext:", control->virt_ext);
+	pr_err("%-20s%lld\n", "misc_ctl2:", control->misc_ctl2);
 	pr_err("%-20s%016llx\n", "next_rip:", control->next_rip);
 	pr_err("%-20s%016llx\n", "avic_backing_page:", control->avic_backing_page);
 	pr_err("%-20s%016llx\n", "avic_logical_id:", control->avic_logical_id);
@@ -4344,7 +4344,7 @@ static __no_kcsan fastpath_t svm_vcpu_run(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 run_flags)
 	 * VM-Exit), as running with the host's DEBUGCTL can negatively affect
 	 * guest state and can even be fatal, e.g. due to Bus Lock Detect.
 	 */
-	if (!(svm->vmcb->control.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK) &&
+	if (!(svm->vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE) &&
 	    vcpu->arch.host_debugctl != svm->vmcb->save.dbgctl)
 		update_debugctlmsr(svm->vmcb->save.dbgctl);
 
@@ -4375,7 +4375,7 @@ static __no_kcsan fastpath_t svm_vcpu_run(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 run_flags)
 	if (unlikely(svm->vmcb->control.exit_code == SVM_EXIT_NMI))
 		kvm_before_interrupt(vcpu, KVM_HANDLING_NMI);
 
-	if (!(svm->vmcb->control.virt_ext & LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK) &&
+	if (!(svm->vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 & SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE) &&
 	    vcpu->arch.host_debugctl != svm->vmcb->save.dbgctl)
 		update_debugctlmsr(vcpu->arch.host_debugctl);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index 166d2b93797d..7609a2e6df88 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached {
 	u32 event_inj_err;
 	u64 next_rip;
 	u64 nested_cr3;
-	u64 virt_ext;
+	u64 misc_ctl2;
 	u32 clean;
 	u64 bus_lock_rip;
 	union {
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h
index 5d2bcce34c01..a3f4eadffeb4 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/svm.h
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 	u32 event_inj;
 	u32 event_inj_err;
 	u64 nested_cr3;
-	u64 virt_ext;
+	u64 misc_ctl2;
 	u32 clean;
 	u32 reserved_5;
 	u64 next_rip;
@@ -156,9 +156,6 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define AVIC_ENABLE_SHIFT 31
 #define AVIC_ENABLE_MASK (1 << AVIC_ENABLE_SHIFT)
 
-#define LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK BIT_ULL(0)
-#define VIRTUAL_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE_MASK BIT_ULL(1)
-
 #define SVM_INTERRUPT_SHADOW_MASK 1
 
 #define SVM_IOIO_STR_SHIFT 2
@@ -179,6 +176,9 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define SVM_MISC_CTL_CTL_NP_ENABLE	BIT(0)
 #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE		BIT(1)
 
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE BIT_ULL(0)
+#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE BIT_ULL(1)
+
 struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_seg {
 	u16 selector;
 	u16 attrib;
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c
index a343279546fd..4a9e644b8931 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/svm_lbr_nested_state.c
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ static void l1_guest_code(struct svm_test_data *svm, bool nested_lbrv)
 			  &l2_guest_stack[L2_GUEST_STACK_SIZE]);
 
 	if (nested_lbrv)
-		vmcb->control.virt_ext = LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK;
+		vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 = SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE;
 	else
-		vmcb->control.virt_ext &= ~LBR_CTL_ENABLE_MASK;
+		vmcb->control.misc_ctl2 &= ~SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE;
 
 	run_guest(vmcb, svm->vmcb_gpa);
 	GUEST_ASSERT(svm->vmcb->control.exit_code == SVM_EXIT_VMMCALL);
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

Re: [PATCH v4 21/26] KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->virt_ext to vmcb->misc_ctl2

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> @@ -244,6 +241,8 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
>  #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE		BIT(1)
>  #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ES_ENABLE	BIT(2)
>  
> +#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE		BIT_ULL(0)
> +#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE	BIT_ULL(1)

Since you're changing names anyways, What do you think about shortening things
a bit, and using the more standard syle of <scope>_<action>_<flag>?  E.g.

  #define SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_LBR_VIRTUALIZATION	BIT_ULL(0)
  #define SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE	BIT_ULL(1)

Yeah, it diverges from many of the other bits in here, but frankly the names in
this file are *awful*.

Actually, maybe that would prompt me to send a cleanup, because the fact that we
have this set of flags is beyond ridiculous (I geniunely don't remember what
V_GIF_MASK tracks, off the top of my head).  And in isolation, I can't remember
iof V_IRQ_MASK is an enable flag or a "IRQs are masked" flagged.

#define V_IRQ_MASK
#define V_INTR_MASKING_MASK
#define V_GIF_MASK
#define V_GIF_ENABLE_MASK

Re: [PATCH v4 21/26] KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->virt_ext to vmcb->misc_ctl2

[Yosry Ahmed]

On Thu, Feb 05, 2026 at 05:31:01PM -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> > @@ -244,6 +241,8 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
> >  #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE		BIT(1)
> >  #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ES_ENABLE	BIT(2)
> >  
> > +#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE		BIT_ULL(0)
> > +#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE	BIT_ULL(1)
> 
> Since you're changing names anyways, What do you think about shortening things
> a bit, and using the more standard syle of <scope>_<action>_<flag>?  E.g.
> 
>   #define SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_LBR_VIRTUALIZATION	BIT_ULL(0)
>   #define SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE	BIT_ULL(1)

SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_LBR_VIRTUALIZATION is actually longer, how about
SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_V_LBR? Shorter and more consistent with
SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE.

> 
> Yeah, it diverges from many of the other bits in here, but frankly the names in
> this file are *awful*.
> 
> Actually, maybe that would prompt me to send a cleanup, because the fact that we
> have this set of flags is beyond ridiculous (I geniunely don't remember what
> V_GIF_MASK tracks, off the top of my head).  And in isolation, I can't remember
> iof V_IRQ_MASK is an enable flag or a "IRQs are masked" flagged.
> 
> #define V_IRQ_MASK
> #define V_INTR_MASKING_MASK
> #define V_GIF_MASK
> #define V_GIF_ENABLE_MASK

Yeah I had to open the APM a few times while looking at them before to
figure out which is which :')

Re: [PATCH v4 21/26] KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->virt_ext to vmcb->misc_ctl2

[Sean Christopherson]

On Fri, Feb 06, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> On Thu, Feb 05, 2026 at 05:31:01PM -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> > On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> > > @@ -244,6 +241,8 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
> > >  #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE		BIT(1)
> > >  #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ES_ENABLE	BIT(2)
> > >  
> > > +#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_LBR_CTL_ENABLE		BIT_ULL(0)
> > > +#define SVM_MISC_CTL2_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE_ENABLE	BIT_ULL(1)
> > 
> > Since you're changing names anyways, What do you think about shortening things
> > a bit, and using the more standard syle of <scope>_<action>_<flag>?  E.g.
> > 
> >   #define SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_LBR_VIRTUALIZATION	BIT_ULL(0)
> >   #define SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE	BIT_ULL(1)
> 
> SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_LBR_VIRTUALIZATION is actually longer,

Heh, yeah, I knew that when I hit "send", I just wasn't sure if V_LBR was a good
name.

> how about SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_V_LBR? Shorter and more consistent with
> SVM_MISC2_ENABLE_V_VMLOAD_VMSAVE.

Works for me.  I was mildly concerned that V_LBR wouldn't be intuitive, but since
you independently came up with the name too, apparently not :-)

[PATCH v4 22/26] KVM: SVM: Use BIT() and GENMASK() for definitions in svm.h

[Yosry Ahmed]

Use BIT() and GENMASK() (and *_ULL() variants) to define the bitmasks in
svm.h.

Opportunistically switch the definitions of AVIC_ENABLE_{SHIFT/MASK}
and X2APIC_MODE_{SHIFT/MASK}, as well as SVM_EVTINJ_VALID and
SVM_EVTINJ_VALID_ERR, such that the bitmasks are defined in the correct
order.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h | 78 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 1 file changed, 39 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
index 770c7aed5fa5..0bc26b2b3fd7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
@@ -189,39 +189,39 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define V_TPR_MASK 0x0f
 
 #define V_IRQ_SHIFT 8
-#define V_IRQ_MASK (1 << V_IRQ_SHIFT)
+#define V_IRQ_MASK BIT(V_IRQ_SHIFT)
 
 #define V_GIF_SHIFT 9
-#define V_GIF_MASK (1 << V_GIF_SHIFT)
+#define V_GIF_MASK BIT(V_GIF_SHIFT)
 
 #define V_NMI_PENDING_SHIFT 11
-#define V_NMI_PENDING_MASK (1 << V_NMI_PENDING_SHIFT)
+#define V_NMI_PENDING_MASK BIT(V_NMI_PENDING_SHIFT)
 
 #define V_NMI_BLOCKING_SHIFT 12
-#define V_NMI_BLOCKING_MASK (1 << V_NMI_BLOCKING_SHIFT)
+#define V_NMI_BLOCKING_MASK BIT(V_NMI_BLOCKING_SHIFT)
 
 #define V_INTR_PRIO_SHIFT 16
-#define V_INTR_PRIO_MASK (0x0f << V_INTR_PRIO_SHIFT)
+#define V_INTR_PRIO_MASK GENMASK(V_INTR_PRIO_SHIFT + 3, V_INTR_PRIO_SHIFT)
 
 #define V_IGN_TPR_SHIFT 20
-#define V_IGN_TPR_MASK (1 << V_IGN_TPR_SHIFT)
+#define V_IGN_TPR_MASK BIT(V_IGN_TPR_SHIFT)
 
 #define V_IRQ_INJECTION_BITS_MASK (V_IRQ_MASK | V_INTR_PRIO_MASK | V_IGN_TPR_MASK)
 
 #define V_INTR_MASKING_SHIFT 24
-#define V_INTR_MASKING_MASK (1 << V_INTR_MASKING_SHIFT)
+#define V_INTR_MASKING_MASK BIT(V_INTR_MASKING_SHIFT)
 
 #define V_GIF_ENABLE_SHIFT 25
-#define V_GIF_ENABLE_MASK (1 << V_GIF_ENABLE_SHIFT)
+#define V_GIF_ENABLE_MASK BIT(V_GIF_ENABLE_SHIFT)
 
 #define V_NMI_ENABLE_SHIFT 26
-#define V_NMI_ENABLE_MASK (1 << V_NMI_ENABLE_SHIFT)
-
-#define AVIC_ENABLE_SHIFT 31
-#define AVIC_ENABLE_MASK (1 << AVIC_ENABLE_SHIFT)
+#define V_NMI_ENABLE_MASK BIT(V_NMI_ENABLE_SHIFT)
 
 #define X2APIC_MODE_SHIFT 30
-#define X2APIC_MODE_MASK (1 << X2APIC_MODE_SHIFT)
+#define X2APIC_MODE_MASK BIT(X2APIC_MODE_SHIFT)
+
+#define AVIC_ENABLE_SHIFT 31
+#define AVIC_ENABLE_MASK BIT(AVIC_ENABLE_SHIFT)
 
 #define SVM_INTERRUPT_SHADOW_MASK	BIT_ULL(0)
 #define SVM_GUEST_INTERRUPT_MASK	BIT_ULL(1)
@@ -232,10 +232,10 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define SVM_IOIO_ASIZE_SHIFT 7
 
 #define SVM_IOIO_TYPE_MASK 1
-#define SVM_IOIO_STR_MASK (1 << SVM_IOIO_STR_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_IOIO_REP_MASK (1 << SVM_IOIO_REP_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_IOIO_SIZE_MASK (7 << SVM_IOIO_SIZE_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_IOIO_ASIZE_MASK (7 << SVM_IOIO_ASIZE_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_IOIO_STR_MASK BIT(SVM_IOIO_STR_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_IOIO_REP_MASK BIT(SVM_IOIO_REP_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_IOIO_SIZE_MASK GENMASK(SVM_IOIO_SIZE_SHIFT + 2, SVM_IOIO_SIZE_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_IOIO_ASIZE_MASK GENMASK(SVM_IOIO_ASIZE_SHIFT + 2, SVM_IOIO_ASIZE_SHIFT)
 
 #define SVM_MISC_CTL_NP_ENABLE		BIT(0)
 #define SVM_MISC_CTL_SEV_ENABLE		BIT(1)
@@ -251,9 +251,9 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 
 
 /* AVIC */
-#define AVIC_LOGICAL_ID_ENTRY_GUEST_PHYSICAL_ID_MASK	(0xFFULL)
+#define AVIC_LOGICAL_ID_ENTRY_GUEST_PHYSICAL_ID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(7, 0)
 #define AVIC_LOGICAL_ID_ENTRY_VALID_BIT			31
-#define AVIC_LOGICAL_ID_ENTRY_VALID_MASK		(1 << 31)
+#define AVIC_LOGICAL_ID_ENTRY_VALID_MASK		BIT(AVIC_LOGICAL_ID_ENTRY_VALID_BIT)
 
 /*
  * GA_LOG_INTR is a synthetic flag that's never propagated to hardware-visible
@@ -264,15 +264,15 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 
 #define AVIC_PHYSICAL_ID_ENTRY_HOST_PHYSICAL_ID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(11, 0)
 #define AVIC_PHYSICAL_ID_ENTRY_BACKING_PAGE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(51, 12)
-#define AVIC_PHYSICAL_ID_ENTRY_IS_RUNNING_MASK		(1ULL << 62)
-#define AVIC_PHYSICAL_ID_ENTRY_VALID_MASK		(1ULL << 63)
-#define AVIC_PHYSICAL_ID_TABLE_SIZE_MASK		(0xFFULL)
+#define AVIC_PHYSICAL_ID_ENTRY_IS_RUNNING_MASK		BIT_ULL(62)
+#define AVIC_PHYSICAL_ID_ENTRY_VALID_MASK		BIT_ULL(63)
+#define AVIC_PHYSICAL_ID_TABLE_SIZE_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(7, 0)
 
 #define AVIC_DOORBELL_PHYSICAL_ID_MASK			GENMASK_ULL(11, 0)
 
 #define AVIC_UNACCEL_ACCESS_WRITE_MASK		1
-#define AVIC_UNACCEL_ACCESS_OFFSET_MASK		0xFF0
-#define AVIC_UNACCEL_ACCESS_VECTOR_MASK		0xFFFFFFFF
+#define AVIC_UNACCEL_ACCESS_OFFSET_MASK		GENMASK(11, 4)
+#define AVIC_UNACCEL_ACCESS_VECTOR_MASK		GENMASK(31, 0)
 
 enum avic_ipi_failure_cause {
 	AVIC_IPI_FAILURE_INVALID_INT_TYPE,
@@ -611,30 +611,30 @@ static inline void __unused_size_checks(void)
 #define SVM_SELECTOR_G_SHIFT 11
 
 #define SVM_SELECTOR_TYPE_MASK (0xf)
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_S_MASK (1 << SVM_SELECTOR_S_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_DPL_MASK (3 << SVM_SELECTOR_DPL_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_P_MASK (1 << SVM_SELECTOR_P_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_AVL_MASK (1 << SVM_SELECTOR_AVL_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_L_MASK (1 << SVM_SELECTOR_L_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_DB_MASK (1 << SVM_SELECTOR_DB_SHIFT)
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_G_MASK (1 << SVM_SELECTOR_G_SHIFT)
-
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_WRITE_MASK (1 << 1)
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_S_MASK BIT(SVM_SELECTOR_S_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_DPL_MASK GENMASK(SVM_SELECTOR_DPL_SHIFT + 1, SVM_SELECTOR_DPL_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_P_MASK BIT(SVM_SELECTOR_P_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_AVL_MASK BIT(SVM_SELECTOR_AVL_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_L_MASK BIT(SVM_SELECTOR_L_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_DB_MASK BIT(SVM_SELECTOR_DB_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_G_MASK BIT(SVM_SELECTOR_G_SHIFT)
+
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_WRITE_MASK BIT(1)
 #define SVM_SELECTOR_READ_MASK SVM_SELECTOR_WRITE_MASK
-#define SVM_SELECTOR_CODE_MASK (1 << 3)
+#define SVM_SELECTOR_CODE_MASK BIT(3)
 
-#define SVM_EVTINJ_VEC_MASK 0xff
+#define SVM_EVTINJ_VEC_MASK GENMASK(7, 0)
 
 #define SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SHIFT 8
-#define SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_MASK (7 << SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SHIFT)
+#define SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_MASK GENMASK(SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SHIFT + 2, SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SHIFT)
 
 #define SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_INTR (0 << SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SHIFT)
 #define SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_NMI (2 << SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SHIFT)
 #define SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_EXEPT (3 << SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SHIFT)
 #define SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SOFT (4 << SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_SHIFT)
 
-#define SVM_EVTINJ_VALID (1 << 31)
-#define SVM_EVTINJ_VALID_ERR (1 << 11)
+#define SVM_EVTINJ_VALID_ERR BIT(11)
+#define SVM_EVTINJ_VALID BIT(31)
 
 #define SVM_EXITINTINFO_VEC_MASK SVM_EVTINJ_VEC_MASK
 #define SVM_EXITINTINFO_TYPE_MASK SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_MASK
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ static inline void __unused_size_checks(void)
 #define SVM_EXITINFOSHIFT_TS_REASON_JMP 38
 #define SVM_EXITINFOSHIFT_TS_HAS_ERROR_CODE 44
 
-#define SVM_EXITINFO_REG_MASK 0x0F
+#define SVM_EXITINFO_REG_MASK GENMASK(3, 0)
 
 #define SVM_CR0_SELECTIVE_MASK (X86_CR0_TS | X86_CR0_MP)
 
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

Re: [PATCH v4 22/26] KVM: SVM: Use BIT() and GENMASK() for definitions in svm.h

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> Use BIT() and GENMASK() (and *_ULL() variants) to define the bitmasks in
> svm.h.

Oh, hey, just what I was talking about.  But why is this buried as patch 22/26?
AFAICT, it's got nothing to do with the rest of the series.

> Opportunistically switch the definitions of AVIC_ENABLE_{SHIFT/MASK}
> and X2APIC_MODE_{SHIFT/MASK}, as well as SVM_EVTINJ_VALID and
> SVM_EVTINJ_VALID_ERR, such that the bitmasks are defined in the correct
> order.
> 
> No functional change intended.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
> ---
>  arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h | 78 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
>  1 file changed, 39 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
> index 770c7aed5fa5..0bc26b2b3fd7 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
> @@ -189,39 +189,39 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
>  #define V_TPR_MASK 0x0f
>  
>  #define V_IRQ_SHIFT 8
> -#define V_IRQ_MASK (1 << V_IRQ_SHIFT)
> +#define V_IRQ_MASK BIT(V_IRQ_SHIFT)

I vote (and if anyone disagrees, their vote doesn't count) to purge the _SHIFT
and _MASK crud.  There is zero reason to define the shifts.

And then when we rename, I would like to try and find better names, e.g. maybe
things like V_GIF and V_ENABLE_GIF_VIRTUALIZATION?

Anyways, that's partly why I asked why this patch is here.  If we're changing
things, then I'd like to do some cleanup.  But this series is already a chonker,
so I'd much prefer to do any cleanup in a separate series.

Re: [PATCH v4 22/26] KVM: SVM: Use BIT() and GENMASK() for definitions in svm.h

[Yosry Ahmed]

On Thu, Feb 05, 2026 at 05:37:21PM -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> > Use BIT() and GENMASK() (and *_ULL() variants) to define the bitmasks in
> > svm.h.
> 
> Oh, hey, just what I was talking about.  But why is this buried as patch 22/26?
> AFAICT, it's got nothing to do with the rest of the series.
> 
> > Opportunistically switch the definitions of AVIC_ENABLE_{SHIFT/MASK}
> > and X2APIC_MODE_{SHIFT/MASK}, as well as SVM_EVTINJ_VALID and
> > SVM_EVTINJ_VALID_ERR, such that the bitmasks are defined in the correct
> > order.
> > 
> > No functional change intended.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
> > ---
> >  arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h | 78 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
> >  1 file changed, 39 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
> > index 770c7aed5fa5..0bc26b2b3fd7 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
> > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
> > @@ -189,39 +189,39 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
> >  #define V_TPR_MASK 0x0f
> >  
> >  #define V_IRQ_SHIFT 8
> > -#define V_IRQ_MASK (1 << V_IRQ_SHIFT)
> > +#define V_IRQ_MASK BIT(V_IRQ_SHIFT)
> 
> I vote (and if anyone disagrees, their vote doesn't count) to purge the _SHIFT
> and _MASK crud.  There is zero reason to define the shifts.
> 
> And then when we rename, I would like to try and find better names, e.g. maybe
> things like V_GIF and V_ENABLE_GIF_VIRTUALIZATION?
> 
> Anyways, that's partly why I asked why this patch is here.  If we're changing
> things, then I'd like to do some cleanup.  But this series is already a chonker,
> so I'd much prefer to do any cleanup in a separate series.

Makes sense, will drop this patch.

[PATCH v4 23/26] KVM: nSVM: Cache all used fields from VMCB12

[Yosry Ahmed]

Currently, most fields used from VMCB12 are cached in
svm->nested.{ctl/save}. This is mainly to avoid TOC-TOU bugs. However,
for the save area, only the fields used in the consistency checks (i.e.
nested_vmcb_check_save()) were being cached. Other fields are read
directly from guest memory in nested_vmcb02_prepare_save().

While probably benign, this still makes it possible for TOC-TOU bugs to
happen. For example, RAX, RSP, and RIP are read twice, once to store in
VMCB02, and once to store in vcpu->arch.regs. It is possible for the
guest to modify the value between both reads, potentially causing nasty
bugs.

Harden against such bugs by caching everything in svm->nested.save.
Cache all the needed fields, and keep all accesses to the VMCB12
strictly in nested_svm_vmrun() for caching and early error injection.
Following changes will further limit the access to the VMCB12 in the
nested VMRUN path.

Introduce vmcb12_is_dirty() to use with the cached control fields
instead of vmcb_is_dirty(), similar to vmcb12_is_intercept().

Opportunistically order the copies in __nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache()
by the order in which the fields are defined in struct vmcb_save_area.

Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 116 ++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c    |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h    |  27 ++++++++-
 3 files changed, 93 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 69bd926530b3..7209bbe19548 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -546,19 +546,34 @@ void nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(struct vcpu_svm *svm,
 static void __nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache(struct vmcb_save_area_cached *to,
 					     struct vmcb_save_area *from)
 {
-	/*
-	 * Copy only fields that are validated, as we need them
-	 * to avoid TOC/TOU races.
-	 */
+	to->es = from->es;
 	to->cs = from->cs;
+	to->ss = from->ss;
+	to->ds = from->ds;
+	to->gdtr = from->gdtr;
+	to->idtr = from->idtr;
+
+	to->cpl = from->cpl;
 
 	to->efer = from->efer;
-	to->cr0 = from->cr0;
-	to->cr3 = from->cr3;
 	to->cr4 = from->cr4;
-
-	to->dr6 = from->dr6;
+	to->cr3 = from->cr3;
+	to->cr0 = from->cr0;
 	to->dr7 = from->dr7;
+	to->dr6 = from->dr6;
+
+	to->rflags = from->rflags;
+	to->rip = from->rip;
+	to->rsp = from->rsp;
+
+	to->s_cet = from->s_cet;
+	to->ssp = from->ssp;
+	to->isst_addr = from->isst_addr;
+
+	to->rax = from->rax;
+	to->cr2 = from->cr2;
+
+	svm_copy_lbrs(to, from);
 }
 
 void nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache(struct vcpu_svm *svm,
@@ -694,8 +709,10 @@ void nested_vmcb02_compute_g_pat(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr->save.g_pat = svm->vmcb01.ptr->save.g_pat;
 }
 
-static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12)
+static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 {
+	struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *control = &svm->nested.ctl;
+	struct vmcb_save_area_cached *save = &svm->nested.save;
 	bool new_vmcb12 = false;
 	struct vmcb *vmcb01 = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
 	struct vmcb *vmcb02 = svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr;
@@ -711,49 +728,49 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12
 		svm->nested.force_msr_bitmap_recalc = true;
 	}
 
-	if (unlikely(new_vmcb12 || vmcb_is_dirty(vmcb12, VMCB_SEG))) {
-		vmcb02->save.es = vmcb12->save.es;
-		vmcb02->save.cs = vmcb12->save.cs;
-		vmcb02->save.ss = vmcb12->save.ss;
-		vmcb02->save.ds = vmcb12->save.ds;
-		vmcb02->save.cpl = vmcb12->save.cpl;
+	if (unlikely(new_vmcb12 || vmcb12_is_dirty(control, VMCB_SEG))) {
+		vmcb02->save.es = save->es;
+		vmcb02->save.cs = save->cs;
+		vmcb02->save.ss = save->ss;
+		vmcb02->save.ds = save->ds;
+		vmcb02->save.cpl = save->cpl;
 		vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_SEG);
 	}
 
-	if (unlikely(new_vmcb12 || vmcb_is_dirty(vmcb12, VMCB_DT))) {
-		vmcb02->save.gdtr = vmcb12->save.gdtr;
-		vmcb02->save.idtr = vmcb12->save.idtr;
+	if (unlikely(new_vmcb12 || vmcb12_is_dirty(control, VMCB_DT))) {
+		vmcb02->save.gdtr = save->gdtr;
+		vmcb02->save.idtr = save->idtr;
 		vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_DT);
 	}
 
 	if (guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_SHSTK) &&
-	    (unlikely(new_vmcb12 || vmcb_is_dirty(vmcb12, VMCB_CET)))) {
-		vmcb02->save.s_cet  = vmcb12->save.s_cet;
-		vmcb02->save.isst_addr = vmcb12->save.isst_addr;
-		vmcb02->save.ssp = vmcb12->save.ssp;
+	    (unlikely(new_vmcb12 || vmcb12_is_dirty(control, VMCB_CET)))) {
+		vmcb02->save.s_cet  = save->s_cet;
+		vmcb02->save.isst_addr = save->isst_addr;
+		vmcb02->save.ssp = save->ssp;
 		vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_CET);
 	}
 
-	kvm_set_rflags(vcpu, vmcb12->save.rflags | X86_EFLAGS_FIXED);
+	kvm_set_rflags(vcpu, save->rflags | X86_EFLAGS_FIXED);
 
 	svm_set_efer(vcpu, svm->nested.save.efer);
 
 	svm_set_cr0(vcpu, svm->nested.save.cr0);
 	svm_set_cr4(vcpu, svm->nested.save.cr4);
 
-	svm->vcpu.arch.cr2 = vmcb12->save.cr2;
+	svm->vcpu.arch.cr2 = save->cr2;
 
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, vmcb12->save.rax);
-	kvm_rsp_write(vcpu, vmcb12->save.rsp);
-	kvm_rip_write(vcpu, vmcb12->save.rip);
+	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, save->rax);
+	kvm_rsp_write(vcpu, save->rsp);
+	kvm_rip_write(vcpu, save->rip);
 
 	/* In case we don't even reach vcpu_run, the fields are not updated */
-	vmcb02->save.rax = vmcb12->save.rax;
-	vmcb02->save.rsp = vmcb12->save.rsp;
-	vmcb02->save.rip = vmcb12->save.rip;
+	vmcb02->save.rax = save->rax;
+	vmcb02->save.rsp = save->rsp;
+	vmcb02->save.rip = save->rip;
 
 	/* These bits will be set properly on the first execution when new_vmc12 is true */
-	if (unlikely(new_vmcb12 || vmcb_is_dirty(vmcb12, VMCB_DR))) {
+	if (unlikely(new_vmcb12 || vmcb12_is_dirty(control, VMCB_DR))) {
 		vmcb02->save.dr7 = svm->nested.save.dr7 | DR7_FIXED_1;
 		svm->vcpu.arch.dr6  = svm->nested.save.dr6 | DR6_ACTIVE_LOW;
 		vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_DR);
@@ -765,7 +782,7 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12
 		 * Reserved bits of DEBUGCTL are ignored.  Be consistent with
 		 * svm_set_msr's definition of reserved bits.
 		 */
-		svm_copy_lbrs(&vmcb02->save, &vmcb12->save);
+		svm_copy_lbrs(&vmcb02->save, save);
 		vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_LBR);
 		vmcb02->save.dbgctl &= ~DEBUGCTL_RESERVED_BITS;
 	} else {
@@ -982,28 +999,29 @@ static void nested_svm_copy_common_state(struct vmcb *from_vmcb, struct vmcb *to
 	to_vmcb->save.spec_ctrl = from_vmcb->save.spec_ctrl;
 }
 
-int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
-			 struct vmcb *vmcb12, bool from_vmrun)
+int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa, bool from_vmrun)
 {
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
+	struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *control = &svm->nested.ctl;
+	struct vmcb_save_area_cached *save = &svm->nested.save;
 	int ret;
 
 	trace_kvm_nested_vmenter(svm->vmcb->save.rip,
 				 vmcb12_gpa,
-				 vmcb12->save.rip,
-				 vmcb12->control.int_ctl,
-				 vmcb12->control.event_inj,
-				 vmcb12->control.misc_ctl,
-				 vmcb12->control.nested_cr3,
-				 vmcb12->save.cr3,
+				 save->rip,
+				 control->int_ctl,
+				 control->event_inj,
+				 control->misc_ctl,
+				 control->nested_cr3,
+				 save->cr3,
 				 KVM_ISA_SVM);
 
-	trace_kvm_nested_intercepts(vmcb12->control.intercepts[INTERCEPT_CR] & 0xffff,
-				    vmcb12->control.intercepts[INTERCEPT_CR] >> 16,
-				    vmcb12->control.intercepts[INTERCEPT_EXCEPTION],
-				    vmcb12->control.intercepts[INTERCEPT_WORD3],
-				    vmcb12->control.intercepts[INTERCEPT_WORD4],
-				    vmcb12->control.intercepts[INTERCEPT_WORD5]);
+	trace_kvm_nested_intercepts(control->intercepts[INTERCEPT_CR] & 0xffff,
+				    control->intercepts[INTERCEPT_CR] >> 16,
+				    control->intercepts[INTERCEPT_EXCEPTION],
+				    control->intercepts[INTERCEPT_WORD3],
+				    control->intercepts[INTERCEPT_WORD4],
+				    control->intercepts[INTERCEPT_WORD5]);
 
 	svm->nested.vmcb12_gpa = vmcb12_gpa;
 
@@ -1038,8 +1056,8 @@ int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa,
 	nested_svm_copy_common_state(svm->vmcb01.ptr, svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
 
 	svm_switch_vmcb(svm, &svm->nested.vmcb02);
-	nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(svm, vmcb12->save.rip, vmcb12->save.cs.base);
-	nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(svm, vmcb12);
+	nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(svm, save->rip, save->cs.base);
+	nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(svm);
 
 	if (!from_vmrun)
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES, vcpu);
@@ -1158,7 +1176,7 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 	svm->nested.nested_run_pending = 1;
 
-	if (enter_svm_guest_mode(vcpu, vmcb12_gpa, vmcb12, true)) {
+	if (enter_svm_guest_mode(vcpu, vmcb12_gpa, true)) {
 		svm->nested.nested_run_pending = 0;
 		svm->nmi_l1_to_l2 = false;
 		svm->soft_int_injected = false;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index d6a850c35225..25cca79abce6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -4867,7 +4867,7 @@ static int svm_leave_smm(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const union kvm_smram *smram)
 	vmcb12 = map.hva;
 	nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->control);
 	nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->save);
-	ret = enter_svm_guest_mode(vcpu, smram64->svm_guest_vmcb_gpa, vmcb12, false);
+	ret = enter_svm_guest_mode(vcpu, smram64->svm_guest_vmcb_gpa, false);
 
 	if (ret)
 		goto unmap_save;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index 7609a2e6df88..2fc25803d0c7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -139,13 +139,32 @@ struct kvm_vmcb_info {
 };
 
 struct vmcb_save_area_cached {
+	struct vmcb_seg es;
 	struct vmcb_seg cs;
+	struct vmcb_seg ss;
+	struct vmcb_seg ds;
+	struct vmcb_seg gdtr;
+	struct vmcb_seg idtr;
+	u8 cpl;
 	u64 efer;
 	u64 cr4;
 	u64 cr3;
 	u64 cr0;
 	u64 dr7;
 	u64 dr6;
+	u64 rflags;
+	u64 rip;
+	u64 rsp;
+	u64 s_cet;
+	u64 ssp;
+	u64 isst_addr;
+	u64 rax;
+	u64 cr2;
+	u64 dbgctl;
+	u64 br_from;
+	u64 br_to;
+	u64 last_excp_from;
+	u64 last_excp_to;
 };
 
 struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached {
@@ -421,6 +440,11 @@ static inline bool vmcb_is_dirty(struct vmcb *vmcb, int bit)
         return !test_bit(bit, (unsigned long *)&vmcb->control.clean);
 }
 
+static inline bool vmcb12_is_dirty(struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached *control, int bit)
+{
+	return !test_bit(bit, (unsigned long *)&control->clean);
+}
+
 static __always_inline struct vcpu_svm *to_svm(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	return container_of(vcpu, struct vcpu_svm, vcpu);
@@ -777,8 +801,7 @@ static inline bool nested_exit_on_nmi(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 
 int __init nested_svm_init_msrpm_merge_offsets(void);
 
-int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-			 u64 vmcb_gpa, struct vmcb *vmcb12, bool from_vmrun);
+int enter_svm_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb_gpa, bool from_vmrun);
 void svm_leave_nested(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void svm_free_nested(struct vcpu_svm *svm);
 int svm_allocate_nested(struct vcpu_svm *svm);
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 24/26] KVM: nSVM: Restrict mapping VMCB12 on nested VMRUN

[Yosry Ahmed]

All accesses to the VMCB12 in the guest memory on nested VMRUN are
limited to nested_svm_vmrun() and nested_svm_failed_vmrun(). However,
the VMCB12 remains mapped throughout nested_svm_vmrun().  Mapping and
unmapping around usages is possible, but it becomes easy-ish to
introduce bugs where 'vmcb12' is used after being unmapped.

Move reading the VMCB12 and copying to cache from nested_svm_vmrun()
into a new helper, nested_svm_copy_vmcb12_to_cache(),  that maps the
VMCB12, caches the needed fields, and unmaps it. Use
kvm_vcpu_map_readonly() as only reading the VMCB12 is needed.

Similarly, move mapping the VMCB12 on VMRUN failure into
nested_svm_failed_vmrun(). Inject a triple fault if the mapping fails,
similar to nested_svm_vmexit().

Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 7209bbe19548..ffb741f401d0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -1106,25 +1106,57 @@ static void __nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12)
 		kvm_queue_exception(vcpu, DB_VECTOR);
 }
 
-static void nested_svm_failed_vmrun(struct vcpu_svm *svm, struct vmcb *vmcb12)
+static void nested_svm_failed_vmrun(struct vcpu_svm *svm, u64 vmcb12_gpa)
 {
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = &svm->vcpu;
+	struct kvm_host_map map;
+	struct vmcb *vmcb12;
+	int r;
+
 	WARN_ON(svm->vmcb == svm->nested.vmcb02.ptr);
 
 	leave_guest_mode(vcpu);
 
+	r = kvm_vcpu_map(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(vmcb12_gpa), &map);
+	if (r) {
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	vmcb12 = map.hva;
 	vmcb12->control.exit_code = SVM_EXIT_ERR;
 	vmcb12->control.exit_code_hi = -1u;
 	vmcb12->control.exit_info_1 = 0;
 	vmcb12->control.exit_info_2 = 0;
 	__nested_svm_vmexit(svm, vmcb12);
+
+	kvm_vcpu_unmap(vcpu, &map);
+}
+
+static int nested_svm_copy_vmcb12_to_cache(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 vmcb12_gpa)
+{
+	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
+	struct kvm_host_map map;
+	struct vmcb *vmcb12;
+	int r;
+
+	r = kvm_vcpu_map_readonly(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(vmcb12_gpa), &map);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	vmcb12 = map.hva;
+
+	nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->control);
+	nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->save);
+
+	kvm_vcpu_unmap(vcpu, &map);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
 	int ret;
-	struct vmcb *vmcb12;
-	struct kvm_host_map map;
 	u64 vmcb12_gpa;
 	struct vmcb *vmcb01 = svm->vmcb01.ptr;
 
@@ -1145,22 +1177,17 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		return ret;
 	}
 
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!svm->nested.initialized))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	vmcb12_gpa = svm->vmcb->save.rax;
-	if (kvm_vcpu_map(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(vmcb12_gpa), &map)) {
+	if (nested_svm_copy_vmcb12_to_cache(vcpu, vmcb12_gpa)) {
 		kvm_inject_gp(vcpu, 0);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
 	ret = kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
 
-	vmcb12 = map.hva;
-
-	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!svm->nested.initialized))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->control);
-	nested_copy_vmcb_save_to_cache(svm, &vmcb12->save);
-
 	/*
 	 * Since vmcb01 is not in use, we can use it to store some of the L1
 	 * state.
@@ -1181,11 +1208,9 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		svm->nmi_l1_to_l2 = false;
 		svm->soft_int_injected = false;
 
-		nested_svm_failed_vmrun(svm, vmcb12);
+		nested_svm_failed_vmrun(svm, vmcb12_gpa);
 	}
 
-	kvm_vcpu_unmap(vcpu, &map);
-
 	return ret;
 }
 
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 25/26] KVM: nSVM: Sanitize control fields copied from VMCB12

[Yosry Ahmed]

Make sure all fields used from VMCB12 in creating the VMCB02 are
sanitized, such that no unhandled or reserved bits end up in the VMCB02.

The following control fields are read from VMCB12 and have bits that are
either reserved or not handled/advertised by KVM: tlb_ctl, int_ctl,
int_state, int_vector, event_inj, misc_ctl, and misc_ctl2.

The following fields do not require any extra sanitizing:
- int_ctl: bits from VMCB12 are copied bit-by-bit as needed.
- misc_ctl: only used in consistency checks (particularly NP_ENABLE).
- misc_ctl2: bits from VMCB12 are copied bit-by-bit as needed.

For the remaining fields, make sure only defined bits are copied from
L1's VMCB12 into KVM'cache by defining appropriate masks where needed.
The only exception is tlb_ctl, which is unused, so remove it.

Opportunistically cleanup ignoring the lower bits of {io/msr}pm_base_pa
in __nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache() by using PAGE_MASK. Also, move
the ASID copying ahead with other special cases, and expand the comment
about the ASID being copied only for consistency checks.

Suggested-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h |  5 +++++
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c  | 28 +++++++++++++++-------------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h     |  1 -
 3 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
index 0bc26b2b3fd7..d3632fbb80be 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/svm.h
@@ -223,6 +223,8 @@ struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vmcb_control_area {
 #define AVIC_ENABLE_SHIFT 31
 #define AVIC_ENABLE_MASK BIT(AVIC_ENABLE_SHIFT)
 
+#define SVM_INT_VECTOR_MASK GENMASK(7, 0)
+
 #define SVM_INTERRUPT_SHADOW_MASK	BIT_ULL(0)
 #define SVM_GUEST_INTERRUPT_MASK	BIT_ULL(1)
 
@@ -636,6 +638,9 @@ static inline void __unused_size_checks(void)
 #define SVM_EVTINJ_VALID_ERR BIT(11)
 #define SVM_EVTINJ_VALID BIT(31)
 
+#define SVM_EVTINJ_RESERVED_BITS ~(SVM_EVTINJ_VEC_MASK | SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_MASK | \
+				   SVM_EVTINJ_VALID_ERR | SVM_EVTINJ_VALID)
+
 #define SVM_EXITINTINFO_VEC_MASK SVM_EVTINJ_VEC_MASK
 #define SVM_EXITINTINFO_TYPE_MASK SVM_EVTINJ_TYPE_MASK
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index ffb741f401d0..e62fd6524feb 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -500,33 +500,36 @@ void __nested_copy_vmcb_control_to_cache(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (!guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_NPT))
 		to->misc_ctl &= ~SVM_MISC_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
 
-	to->iopm_base_pa        = from->iopm_base_pa;
-	to->msrpm_base_pa       = from->msrpm_base_pa;
+	/*
+	 * Copy the ASID here because nested_vmcb_check_controls() will check
+	 * it.  The ASID could be invalid, or conflict with another VM's ASID ,
+	 * so it should never be used directly to run L2.
+	 */
+	to->asid = from->asid;
+
+	/* Lower bits of IOPM_BASE_PA and MSRPM_BASE_PA are ignored */
+	to->iopm_base_pa        = from->iopm_base_pa & PAGE_MASK;
+	to->msrpm_base_pa       = from->msrpm_base_pa & PAGE_MASK;
+
 	to->tsc_offset          = from->tsc_offset;
-	to->tlb_ctl             = from->tlb_ctl;
 	to->erap_ctl            = from->erap_ctl;
 	to->int_ctl             = from->int_ctl;
-	to->int_vector          = from->int_vector;
-	to->int_state           = from->int_state;
+	to->int_vector          = from->int_vector & SVM_INT_VECTOR_MASK;
+	to->int_state           = from->int_state & SVM_INTERRUPT_SHADOW_MASK;
 	to->exit_code           = from->exit_code;
 	to->exit_code_hi        = from->exit_code_hi;
 	to->exit_info_1         = from->exit_info_1;
 	to->exit_info_2         = from->exit_info_2;
 	to->exit_int_info       = from->exit_int_info;
 	to->exit_int_info_err   = from->exit_int_info_err;
-	to->event_inj           = from->event_inj;
+	to->event_inj           = from->event_inj & ~SVM_EVTINJ_RESERVED_BITS;
 	to->event_inj_err       = from->event_inj_err;
 	to->next_rip            = from->next_rip;
 	to->nested_cr3          = from->nested_cr3;
-	to->misc_ctl2            = from->misc_ctl2;
+	to->misc_ctl2		= from->misc_ctl2;
 	to->pause_filter_count  = from->pause_filter_count;
 	to->pause_filter_thresh = from->pause_filter_thresh;
 
-	/* Copy asid here because nested_vmcb_check_controls() will check it */
-	to->asid           = from->asid;
-	to->msrpm_base_pa &= ~0x0fffULL;
-	to->iopm_base_pa  &= ~0x0fffULL;
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_HYPERV
 	/* Hyper-V extensions (Enlightened VMCB) */
 	if (kvm_hv_hypercall_enabled(vcpu)) {
@@ -1836,7 +1839,6 @@ static void nested_copy_vmcb_cache_to_control(struct vmcb_control_area *dst,
 	dst->msrpm_base_pa        = from->msrpm_base_pa;
 	dst->tsc_offset           = from->tsc_offset;
 	dst->asid                 = from->asid;
-	dst->tlb_ctl              = from->tlb_ctl;
 	dst->erap_ctl             = from->erap_ctl;
 	dst->int_ctl              = from->int_ctl;
 	dst->int_vector           = from->int_vector;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index 2fc25803d0c7..4bc69e0d7e0a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -175,7 +175,6 @@ struct vmcb_ctrl_area_cached {
 	u64 msrpm_base_pa;
 	u64 tsc_offset;
 	u32 asid;
-	u8 tlb_ctl;
 	u8 erap_ctl;
 	u32 int_ctl;
 	u32 int_vector;
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

[PATCH v4 26/26] KVM: nSVM: Only copy NP_ENABLE from VMCB01's misc_ctl

[Yosry Ahmed]

The 'misc_ctl' field in VMCB02 is taken as-is from VMCB01. However, the
only bit that needs to copied is NP_ENABLE, as all other known bits in
misc_ctl are related to SEV guests, and KVM doesn't support nested
virtualization for SEV guests.

Only copy NP_ENABLE to harden against future bugs if/when other bits are
set for L1 but should not be set for L2.

Opportunistically add a comment explaining why NP_ENABLE is taken from
VMCB01 and not VMCB02.

Suggested-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 12 ++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index e62fd6524feb..b3a90ff262d5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -856,8 +856,16 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_control(struct vcpu_svm *svm,
 						V_NMI_BLOCKING_MASK);
 	}
 
-	/* Copied from vmcb01.  msrpm_base can be overwritten later.  */
-	vmcb02->control.misc_ctl = vmcb01->control.misc_ctl;
+	/*
+	 * Copied from vmcb01.  msrpm_base can be overwritten later.
+	 *
+	 * NP_ENABLE in vmcb12 is only used for consistency checks.  If L1
+	 * enables NPTs, KVM shadows L1's NPTs and uses those to run L2. If L1
+	 * disables NPT, KVM runs L2 with the same NPTs used to run L1. For the
+	 * latter, L1 runs L2 with shadow page tables that translate L2 GVAs to
+	 * L1 GPAs, so the same NPTs can be used for L1 and L2.
+	 */
+	vmcb02->control.misc_ctl = vmcb01->control.misc_ctl & SVM_MISC_CTL_NP_ENABLE;
 	vmcb02->control.iopm_base_pa = vmcb01->control.iopm_base_pa;
 	vmcb02->control.msrpm_base_pa = vmcb01->control.msrpm_base_pa;
 	vmcb_mark_dirty(vmcb02, VMCB_PERM_MAP);
-- 
2.52.0.457.g6b5491de43-goog

Re: [PATCH v4 00/26] Nested SVM fixes, cleanups, and hardening

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Jan 15, 2026, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> Yosry Ahmed (26):
>   KVM: SVM: Switch svm_copy_lbrs() to a macro
>   KVM: SVM: Add missing save/restore handling of LBR MSRs
>   KVM: selftests: Add a test for LBR save/restore (ft. nested)
>   KVM: nSVM: Always inject a #GP if mapping VMCB12 fails on nested VMRUN
>   KVM: nSVM: Triple fault if mapping VMCB12 fails on nested #VMEXIT
>   KVM: nSVM: Triple fault if restore host CR3 fails on nested #VMEXIT
>   KVM: nSVM: Drop nested_vmcb_check_{save/control}() wrappers
>   KVM: nSVM: Call enter_guest_mode() before switching to VMCB02
>   KVM: nSVM: Make nested_svm_merge_msrpm() return an errno
>   KVM: nSVM: Call nested_svm_merge_msrpm() from enter_svm_guest_mode()
>   KVM: nSVM: Call nested_svm_init_mmu_context() before switching to
>     VMCB02
>   KVM: nSVM: Refactor minimal #VMEXIT handling out of
>     nested_svm_vmexit()
>   KVM: nSVM: Unify handling of VMRUN failures with proper cleanup
>   KVM: nSVM: Clear EVENTINJ field in VMCB12 on nested #VMEXIT
>   KVM: nSVM: Drop the non-architectural consistency check for NP_ENABLE
>   KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for nCR3 validity
>   KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for hCR0.PG and NP_ENABLE
>   KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for EFER, CR0, CR4, and CS
>   KVM: nSVM: Add missing consistency check for event_inj
>   KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->nested_ctl to vmcb->misc_ctl
>   KVM: SVM: Rename vmcb->virt_ext to vmcb->misc_ctl2
>   KVM: SVM: Use BIT() and GENMASK() for definitions in svm.h
>   KVM: nSVM: Cache all used fields from VMCB12
>   KVM: nSVM: Restrict mapping VMCB12 on nested VMRUN
>   KVM: nSVM: Sanitize control fields copied from VMCB12
>   KVM: nSVM: Only copy NP_ENABLE from VMCB01's misc_ctl

All in all, looks good.  A few comments, but I don't anticipate a big jump in
the patch count :-)

Note, make sure to rebase on the latest kvm-x86 next, there are a handful of
minor conflicts.