linux-kernel.vger.kernel.org archive mirror
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: "Edgecombe, Rick P" <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
To: "Annapurve, Vishal" <vannapurve@google.com>
Cc: "quic_eberman@quicinc.com" <quic_eberman@quicinc.com>,
	"Li, Xiaoyao" <xiaoyao.li@intel.com>,
	"Huang, Kai" <kai.huang@intel.com>, "Du, Fan" <fan.du@intel.com>,
	"Hansen, Dave" <dave.hansen@intel.com>,
	"david@redhat.com" <david@redhat.com>,
	"thomas.lendacky@amd.com" <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>,
	"Zhao, Yan Y" <yan.y.zhao@intel.com>,
	"Li, Zhiquan1" <zhiquan1.li@intel.com>,
	"Shutemov, Kirill" <kirill.shutemov@intel.com>,
	"michael.roth@amd.com" <michael.roth@amd.com>,
	"seanjc@google.com" <seanjc@google.com>,
	"Weiny, Ira" <ira.weiny@intel.com>,
	"pbonzini@redhat.com" <pbonzini@redhat.com>,
	"Peng, Chao P" <chao.p.peng@intel.com>,
	"Yamahata, Isaku" <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>,
	"linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>,
	"vbabka@suse.cz" <vbabka@suse.cz>,
	"ackerleytng@google.com" <ackerleytng@google.com>,
	"kvm@vger.kernel.org" <kvm@vger.kernel.org>,
	"binbin.wu@linux.intel.com" <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>,
	"tabba@google.com" <tabba@google.com>,
	"jroedel@suse.de" <jroedel@suse.de>,
	"Miao, Jun" <jun.miao@intel.com>,
	"pgonda@google.com" <pgonda@google.com>,
	"x86@kernel.org" <x86@kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH 09/21] KVM: TDX: Enable 2MB mapping size after TD is RUNNABLE
Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2025 15:51:07 +0000	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <d92b841268888d2e41cd567678a412b2bd829a0b.camel@intel.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CAGtprH_1nMC_z+ut3H6Hjjjb9J=sg=h-H10L9PVK+x=Vw2SM0w@mail.gmail.com>

On Wed, 2025-06-25 at 06:47 -0700, Vishal Annapurve wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 24, 2025 at 11:36 AM Edgecombe, Rick P
> <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com> wrote:
> > ...
> > For leaving the option open to promote the GFNs in the future, a GHCI interface
> > or similar could be defined for the guest to say "I don't care about page size
> > anymore for this gfn". So it won't close it off forever.
> > 
> 
> I think it's in the host's interest to get the pages mapped at large
> page granularity whenever possible. Even if guest doesn't buy-in into
> the "future" GHCI interface, there should be some ABI between TDX
> module and host VMM to allow promotion probably as soon as all the
> ranges within a hugepage get accepted but are still mapped at 4K
> granularity.

In the 4k accept size, the guest is kind of requesting a specific host page
size. I agree it's not good to let the guest influence the host's resource
usage. But this already happens with private/shared conversions.

As for future promotion opportunities, I think that part needs a re-think. I
don't think cost/benefit is really there today. If we had a simpler solution (we
discussed some TDX module changes offline), then it changes the calculus. But we
shouldn't focus too much on the ideal TDX implementation. Getting the ideal case
upstream is far, far away. In the meantime we should focus on the simplest
things with the most benefit. In the end I'd expect an iterative, evolving
implementation to be faster to upstream then thinking through how it works with
every idea. The exception is thinking through a sane ABI ahead of time.

I don't think we necessarily need a GHCI interface to expose control of host
page sizes to the guest, but I think it might help with determinism. I meant it
sort of as an escape hatch. Like if we find some nasty races that prevent
optimizations for promotion, we could have an option to have the guest help by
making the ABI around page sizes more formal.

Side topic on page promotion, I'm wondering if the biggest bang-for-the-buck
promotion opportunity will be the memory that gets added via PAGE.ADD at TD
startup time. Which is a narrow specific case that may be easier to attack.

  reply	other threads:[~2025-06-25 15:51 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 294+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2025-04-24  3:00 [RFC PATCH 00/21] KVM: TDX huge page support for private memory Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:04 ` [RFC PATCH 01/21] KVM: gmem: Allocate 2M huge page from guest_memfd backend Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:04 ` [RFC PATCH 02/21] x86/virt/tdx: Enhance tdh_mem_page_aug() to support huge pages Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  7:48   ` Kirill A. Shutemov
2025-04-24  8:41     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-25  6:51   ` Binbin Wu
2025-04-25  7:19     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 18:52   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  9:05     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 17:10       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-19  9:26       ` Nikolay Borisov
2025-06-23  9:32         ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-15  2:16   ` Chao Gao
2025-05-16  9:07     ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-08  8:48   ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-08 13:55     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-08 15:29       ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-08 15:32         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-08 22:06           ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-08 23:16             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-08 23:31               ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-09  2:23       ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-09 14:08         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:04 ` [RFC PATCH 03/21] x86/virt/tdx: Add SEAMCALL wrapper tdh_mem_page_demote() Yan Zhao
2025-04-25  7:12   ` Binbin Wu
2025-04-25  7:17     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-25  7:25       ` Binbin Wu
2025-04-25  9:24         ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 18:19   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-15  8:26     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-15 17:28       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  2:23         ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-01 21:15         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:05 ` [RFC PATCH 04/21] KVM: TDX: Enforce 4KB mapping level during TD build Time Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  7:55   ` Kirill A. Shutemov
2025-04-24  8:49     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 19:12   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-15  9:16     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-15 17:32       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16 10:05         ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:05 ` [RFC PATCH 05/21] KVM: TDX: Enhance tdx_clear_page() to support huge pages Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 19:17   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  2:02     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:05 ` [RFC PATCH 06/21] KVM: TDX: Assert the reclaimed pages were mapped as expected Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 19:25   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  2:11     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 17:34       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:05 ` [RFC PATCH 07/21] KVM: TDX: Add a helper for WBINVD on huge pages with TD's keyID Yan Zhao
2025-05-06  8:37   ` Binbin Wu
2025-05-16  3:10     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 19:29   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  3:03     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 17:35       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:06 ` [RFC PATCH 08/21] KVM: TDX: Increase/decrease folio ref for huge pages Yan Zhao
2025-04-29  0:17   ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-04-29  0:49     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-29 13:46       ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-05-06  0:53         ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-06  5:08           ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-05-06  6:04             ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-06 13:18               ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-05-07  7:37                 ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-07 14:56                   ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-05-08  1:30                     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-08 14:10                       ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-05-09  3:20                         ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-09 14:20                           ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-05-09 23:45                             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-10  0:41                               ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-05-12 21:59                                 ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-12  2:15                             ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-12 16:53                               ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-05-15  3:01                                 ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-04 20:02                                   ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-05  2:42                                     ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-05 21:12                                       ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-16 10:43                                         ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-16 23:27                                           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-11 14:30                                       ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-16  9:59                                         ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-17  0:12                                           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-17  1:38                                             ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-17 15:52                                               ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-18  0:19                                                 ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-18  0:41                                                   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-23  9:27                                                     ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-23 18:20                                                       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
     [not found]                                                       ` <draft-diqzh606mcz0.fsf@ackerleytng-ctop.c.googlers.com>
2025-06-23 22:48                                                         ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-24 10:18                                                           ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-24 21:29                                                             ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-24 22:22                                                               ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-24 22:00                                                           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-24 22:14                                                             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-24 23:30                                                             ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-25  0:01                                                               ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-25  7:29                                                                 ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-25 23:09                                                                 ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-25 23:19                                                                   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-26 15:16                                                                     ` Shutemov, Kirill
2025-06-26 22:19                                                                       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-27 17:59                                                                         ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-30 11:13                                                                           ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-30 17:55                                                                             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-30 19:25                                                                               ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-30 21:45                                                                                 ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-01  5:01                                                                                   ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-01  5:22                                                                                     ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-01  6:03                                                                                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-01  7:13                                                                                         ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-01 14:15                                                                                           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-01 22:09                                                                                         ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-02 11:24                                                                                           ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-02 18:43                                                                                             ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-03  4:54                                                                                               ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-14 19:32                                                                                                 ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-01 16:13                                                                                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-01 21:48                                                                                       ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-01 21:57                                                                                         ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-01 22:37                                                                                         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-02 20:57                                                                                           ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-02 23:51                                                                                             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-08 21:19                                                                                               ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-11  1:46                                                                                                 ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-11  5:12                                                                                                   ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-11 16:14                                                                                                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-14 19:49                                                                                                       ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-15 15:08                                                                                                         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-15 22:31                                                                                                           ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-02  9:08                                                                                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-02 15:28                                                                                         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-01  5:07                                                                                 ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-01 22:01                                                                                   ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-01 22:26                                                                                     ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-30 21:47                                                                               ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-01  9:35                                                                               ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-01 13:32                                                                                 ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-01 14:02                                                                                   ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-01 15:42                                                                                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-01 16:14                                                                                   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-02  8:54                                                                                   ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-02 13:12                                                                                     ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-25  7:08                                                               ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-25 22:54                                                                 ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-24 22:03                                                           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-17  0:25                                           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-17  2:00                                             ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-17  3:51                                           ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-17  6:52                                             ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-17  8:09                                               ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-17  9:57                                                 ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-18  4:25                                                   ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-18  0:34                                                 ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-18  0:46                                                   ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-18  4:33                                                     ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-18  6:13                                                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-18  6:21                                                         ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-18  6:32                                                           ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-18  6:44                                                             ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-18  6:57                                                               ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-18  4:29                                                   ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-19  0:22                                                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-05  2:47                                     ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-05 22:35                                       ` Ackerley Tng
2025-06-19  8:11                                         ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-20 18:06                                           ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-07-16  1:23                                         ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-16 20:57                                           ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-18  5:49                                             ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-22  5:33                                               ` Ackerley Tng
2025-07-22  6:37                                                 ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-22 17:55                                                   ` Ackerley Tng
2025-05-12 19:00                           ` Ackerley Tng
2025-05-12 21:44                             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:06 ` [RFC PATCH 09/21] KVM: TDX: Enable 2MB mapping size after TD is RUNNABLE Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 20:10   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  1:35     ` Huang, Kai
2025-05-16  9:43       ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 22:35         ` Huang, Kai
2025-05-16 23:47           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-19  8:32           ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-19 16:53             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-20  9:34               ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-20 23:47                 ` Huang, Kai
2025-06-11 14:42                   ` Sean Christopherson
2025-06-12 23:39                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-13  0:19                       ` Sean Christopherson
2025-06-13  0:25                         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-13  0:44                           ` Sean Christopherson
2025-06-13  0:47                             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-13  1:32                               ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-13 21:53                                 ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-13 22:19                                   ` Sean Christopherson
2025-06-13 23:33                                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-16  3:14                                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-16 22:49                                         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-17  0:52                                           ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-18  0:30                                             ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-20 16:31                                               ` Sean Christopherson
2025-06-23 21:44                                                 ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-24  9:57                                                   ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-24 18:35                                                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-25  9:28                                                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-25  9:36                                                         ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-25 14:48                                                           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-26  0:50                                                             ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-25 14:47                                                         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-26  8:53                                                           ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-01  0:42                                                             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-01  2:41                                                               ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-01 15:36                                                                 ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-02  0:12                                                                   ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-02  0:18                                                                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-02  1:07                                                                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-02 15:26                                                                         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-07-02  3:31                                                                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-25 13:47                                                       ` Vishal Annapurve
2025-06-25 15:51                                                         ` Edgecombe, Rick P [this message]
2025-06-18  1:22                                             ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-06-18 11:32                                               ` Shutemov, Kirill
2025-06-20 16:32                                                 ` Sean Christopherson
2025-06-20 17:44                                                   ` Kirill Shutemov
2025-06-20 18:40                                                     ` Sean Christopherson
2025-06-20 19:26                                                       ` Kirill Shutemov
2025-06-13  2:41                     ` Xiaoyao Li
2025-06-13  3:29                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-13  5:35                         ` Yan Zhao
2025-06-13  6:08                           ` Xiaoyao Li
2025-05-21 15:40                 ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-22  3:52                   ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-23 23:40                     ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-27  1:31                       ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-20 23:34             ` Huang, Kai
2025-05-21  2:35               ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16  9:28     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:06 ` [RFC PATCH 10/21] KVM: x86/mmu: Disallow page merging (huge page adjustment) for mirror root Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 20:15   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  4:01     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 17:50       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-19  3:57         ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-19 17:42           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-20 10:11             ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:06 ` [RFC PATCH 11/21] KVM: x86: Add "vcpu" "gfn" parameters to x86 hook private_max_mapping_level Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:07 ` [RFC PATCH 12/21] KVM: TDX: Determine max mapping level according to vCPU's ACCEPT level Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 21:20   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  6:12     ` Xiaoyao Li
2025-05-16  6:30     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 22:02       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-19  6:39         ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-19 20:17           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:07 ` [RFC PATCH 13/21] KVM: x86/tdp_mmu: Alloc external_spt page for mirror page table splitting Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:07 ` [RFC PATCH 14/21] KVM: x86/tdp_mmu: Invoke split_external_spt hook with exclusive mmu_lock Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 23:06   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  9:17     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 22:11       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-19  4:01         ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-19 20:21           ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-20  5:40   ` Binbin Wu
2025-05-20  9:40     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:08 ` [RFC PATCH 15/21] KVM: TDX: Support huge page splitting with exclusive kvm->mmu_lock Yan Zhao
2025-05-20  6:18   ` Binbin Wu
2025-05-20  9:40     ` Yan Zhao
2025-07-02 15:47   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:08 ` [RFC PATCH 16/21] KVM: x86/mmu: Introduce kvm_split_boundary_leafs() to split boundary leafs Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 22:56   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  7:46     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16  8:03       ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 22:27         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-19  8:12           ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 11:44       ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-16 22:16         ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:08 ` [RFC PATCH 17/21] KVM: Change the return type of gfn_handler_t() from bool to int Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:08 ` [RFC PATCH 18/21] KVM: x86: Split huge boundary leafs before private to shared conversion Yan Zhao
2025-05-09 23:34   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-12  2:25     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-12 21:53       ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-04-24  3:08 ` [RFC PATCH 19/21] KVM: gmem: Split huge boundary leafs for punch hole of private memory Yan Zhao
2025-04-24 10:19   ` Francesco Lavra
2025-04-25  1:55     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 22:59   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  8:19     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:09 ` [RFC PATCH 20/21] KVM: x86: Force a prefetch fault's max mapping level to 4KB for TDX Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 23:20   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  8:43     ` Yan Zhao
2025-05-21  3:30   ` Binbin Wu
2025-05-21  5:03     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  3:09 ` [RFC PATCH 21/21] KVM: x86: Ignore splitting huge pages in fault path " Yan Zhao
2025-05-13 21:58   ` Edgecombe, Rick P
2025-05-16  6:40     ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  7:35 ` [RFC PATCH 00/21] KVM: TDX huge page support for private memory Kirill A. Shutemov
2025-04-24  8:33   ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24  9:05     ` Kirill A. Shutemov
2025-04-24  9:08       ` Juergen Gross
2025-04-24  9:49       ` Yan Zhao
2025-04-24 10:39         ` Kirill A. Shutemov

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=d92b841268888d2e41cd567678a412b2bd829a0b.camel@intel.com \
    --to=rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com \
    --cc=ackerleytng@google.com \
    --cc=binbin.wu@linux.intel.com \
    --cc=chao.p.peng@intel.com \
    --cc=dave.hansen@intel.com \
    --cc=david@redhat.com \
    --cc=fan.du@intel.com \
    --cc=ira.weiny@intel.com \
    --cc=isaku.yamahata@intel.com \
    --cc=jroedel@suse.de \
    --cc=jun.miao@intel.com \
    --cc=kai.huang@intel.com \
    --cc=kirill.shutemov@intel.com \
    --cc=kvm@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=michael.roth@amd.com \
    --cc=pbonzini@redhat.com \
    --cc=pgonda@google.com \
    --cc=quic_eberman@quicinc.com \
    --cc=seanjc@google.com \
    --cc=tabba@google.com \
    --cc=thomas.lendacky@amd.com \
    --cc=vannapurve@google.com \
    --cc=vbabka@suse.cz \
    --cc=x86@kernel.org \
    --cc=xiaoyao.li@intel.com \
    --cc=yan.y.zhao@intel.com \
    --cc=zhiquan1.li@intel.com \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).