[tip:x86/pti] x86/speculation: Use IBRS if available before calling into firmware

tip-bot for David Woodhouse
2018-02-12T01:15:53Z

Commit-ID: 670c3e8da87fa4046a55077b1409cf250865a203
Gitweb: https://git.kernel.org/tip/670c3e8da87fa4046a55077b1409cf250865a203
Author: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
AuthorDate: Sun, 11 Feb 2018 15:19:19 +0000
Committer: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
CommitDate: Sun, 11 Feb 2018 19:44:46 +0100

x86/speculation: Use IBRS if available before calling into firmware

Retpoline means the kernel is safe because it has no indirect branches.
But firmware isn't, so use IBRS for firmware calls if it's available.

Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1518362359-1005-1-git-send-email-dwmw@amazon.co.uk
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
---
arch/x86/include/asm/apm.h | 6 ++++++
arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h | 1 +
arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h | 17 +++++++++++++++--
arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c | 12 +++++++++++-
drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c | 3 +++
6 files changed, 64 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/apm.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/apm.h
index 4d4015d..c356098 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/apm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/apm.h
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
#ifndef _ASM_X86_MACH_DEFAULT_APM_H
#define _ASM_X86_MACH_DEFAULT_APM_H

+#include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
+
#ifdef APM_ZERO_SEGS
# define APM_DO_ZERO_SEGS \
"pushl %%ds\n\t" \
@@ -32,6 +34,7 @@ static inline void apm_bios_call_asm(u32 func, u32 ebx_in, u32 ecx_in,
* N.B. We do NOT need a cld after the BIOS call
* because we always save and restore the flags.
*/
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_start();
__asm__ __volatile__(APM_DO_ZERO_SEGS
"pushl %%edi\n\t"
"pushl %%ebp\n\t"
@@ -44,6 +47,7 @@ static inline void apm_bios_call_asm(u32 func, u32 ebx_in, u32 ecx_in,
"=S" (*esi)
: "a" (func), "b" (ebx_in), "c" (ecx_in)
: "memory", "cc");
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_end();
}

static inline bool apm_bios_call_simple_asm(u32 func, u32 ebx_in,
@@ -56,6 +60,7 @@ static inline bool apm_bios_call_simple_asm(u32 func, u32 ebx_in,
* N.B. We do NOT need a cld after the BIOS call
* because we always save and restore the flags.
*/
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_start();
__asm__ __volatile__(APM_DO_ZERO_SEGS
"pushl %%edi\n\t"
"pushl %%ebp\n\t"
@@ -68,6 +73,7 @@ static inline bool apm_bios_call_simple_asm(u32 func, u32 ebx_in,
"=S" (si)
: "a" (func), "b" (ebx_in), "c" (ecx_in)
: "memory", "cc");
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_end();
return error;
}

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
index 73b5fff..66c1434 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@
#define X86_FEATURE_RSB_CTXSW ( 7*32+19) /* "" Fill RSB on context switches */

#define X86_FEATURE_USE_IBPB ( 7*32+21) /* "" Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier enabled */
+#define X86_FEATURE_USE_IBRS_FW ( 7*32+22) /* "" Use IBRS during runtime firmware calls */

/* Virtualization flags: Linux defined, word 8 */
#define X86_FEATURE_TPR_SHADOW ( 8*32+ 0) /* Intel TPR Shadow */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h
index 85f6ccb..a399c1e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
#include <asm/tlb.h>
+#include <asm/nospec-branch.h>

/*
* We map the EFI regions needed for runtime services non-contiguously,
@@ -36,8 +37,18 @@

extern asmlinkage unsigned long efi_call_phys(void *, ...);

-#define arch_efi_call_virt_setup() kernel_fpu_begin()
-#define arch_efi_call_virt_teardown() kernel_fpu_end()
+#define arch_efi_call_virt_setup() \
+({ \
+ kernel_fpu_begin(); \
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_start(); \
+})
+
+#define arch_efi_call_virt_teardown() \
+({ \
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_end(); \
+ kernel_fpu_end(); \
+})
+

/*
* Wrap all the virtual calls in a way that forces the parameters on the stack.
@@ -73,6 +84,7 @@ struct efi_scratch {
efi_sync_low_kernel_mappings(); \
preempt_disable(); \
__kernel_fpu_begin(); \
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_start(); \
\
if (efi_scratch.use_pgd) { \
efi_scratch.prev_cr3 = __read_cr3(); \
@@ -91,6 +103,7 @@ struct efi_scratch {
__flush_tlb_all(); \
} \
\
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_end(); \
__kernel_fpu_end(); \
preempt_enable(); \
})
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
index 300cc15..788c4da 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
@@ -162,17 +162,36 @@ static inline void vmexit_fill_RSB(void)
#endif
}

+#define alternative_msr_write(_msr, _val, _feature) \
+ asm volatile(ALTERNATIVE("", \
+ "movl %[msr], %%ecx\n\t" \
+ "movl %[val], %%eax\n\t" \
+ "movl $0, %%edx\n\t" \
+ "wrmsr", \
+ _feature) \
+ : : [msr] "i" (_msr), [val] "i" (_val) \
+ : "eax", "ecx", "edx", "memory")
+
static inline void indirect_branch_prediction_barrier(void)
{
- asm volatile(ALTERNATIVE("",
- "movl %[msr], %%ecx\n\t"
- "movl %[val], %%eax\n\t"
- "movl $0, %%edx\n\t"
- "wrmsr",
- X86_FEATURE_USE_IBPB)
- : : [msr] "i" (MSR_IA32_PRED_CMD),
- [val] "i" (PRED_CMD_IBPB)
- : "eax", "ecx", "edx", "memory");
+ alternative_msr_write(MSR_IA32_PRED_CMD, PRED_CMD_IBPB,
+ X86_FEATURE_USE_IBPB);
+}
+
+/*
+ * With retpoline, we must use IBRS to restrict branch prediction
+ * before calling into firmware.
+ */
+static inline void firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_start(void)
+{
+ alternative_msr_write(MSR_IA32_SPEC_CTRL, SPEC_CTRL_IBRS,
+ X86_FEATURE_USE_IBRS_FW);
+}
+
+static inline void firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_end(void)
+{
+ alternative_msr_write(MSR_IA32_SPEC_CTRL, 0,
+ X86_FEATURE_USE_IBRS_FW);
}

#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
index 61152aa..6f6d763 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
@@ -303,6 +303,15 @@ retpoline_auto:
setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_USE_IBPB);
pr_info("Enabling Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier\n");
}
+
+ /*
+ * Retpoline means the kernel is safe because it has no indirect
+ * branches. But firmware isn't, so use IBRS to protect that.
+ */
+ if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_IBRS)) {
+ setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_USE_IBRS_FW);
+ pr_info("Enabling Restricted Speculation for firmware calls\n");
+ }
}

#undef pr_fmt
@@ -332,8 +341,9 @@ ssize_t cpu_show_spectre_v2(struct device *dev,
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SPECTRE_V2))
return sprintf(buf, "Not affected\n");

- return sprintf(buf, "%s%s%s\n", spectre_v2_strings[spectre_v2_enabled],
+ return sprintf(buf, "%s%s%s%s\n", spectre_v2_strings[spectre_v2_enabled],
boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_USE_IBPB) ? ", IBPB" : "",
+ boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_USE_IBRS_FW) ? ", IBRS_FW" : "",
spectre_v2_module_string());
}
#endif
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c
index 67fbe35..bab3721 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
#endif /* CONFIG_HPWDT_NMI_DECODING */
#include <asm/nmi.h>
#include <asm/frame.h>
+#include <asm/nospec-branch.h>

#define HPWDT_VERSION "1.4.0"
#define SECS_TO_TICKS(secs) ((secs) * 1000 / 128)
@@ -486,11 +487,13 @@ static int hpwdt_pretimeout(unsigned int ulReason, struct pt_regs *regs)
if (!hpwdt_nmi_decoding)
return NMI_DONE;

+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_start();
spin_lock_irqsave(&rom_lock, rom_pl);
if (!die_nmi_called && !is_icru && !is_uefi)
asminline_call(&cmn_regs, cru_rom_addr);
die_nmi_called = 1;
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rom_lock, rom_pl);
+ firmware_restrict_branch_speculation_end();

if (allow_kdump)
hpwdt_stop();