From: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Bill Wendling <morbo@google.com>, Chuck Wolber <chuck@wolber.net>,
Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>,
Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com>,
llvm@lists.linux.dev, Marco Elver <elver@google.com>,
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>,
Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>,
Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>,
Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Subject: [RFC PATCH 11/20] objtool: Detect code coverage instrumentation in noinstr code
Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2026 07:59:35 -0400 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20261028120034.871983-12-sashal@kernel.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20261028120034.871983-1-sashal@kernel.org>
gcov and Clang's source-based code coverage update their counters
inline, rather than by calling into a runtime like KCOV does, so
coverage instrumentation in noinstr code goes unnoticed by the noinstr
validation of call destinations.
Flag instructions in noinstr code, outside of instrumentation_begin()
and instrumentation_end() sections, that reference coverage counters:
GCC's __gcov<N>.* counters (including the MC/DC counters), Clang's gcov
__llvm_gcov_ctr* counters, and the __llvm_prf_cnts and __llvm_prf_bits
sections of Clang's source-based code coverage.
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
---
tools/objtool/check.c | 53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 53 insertions(+)
diff --git a/tools/objtool/check.c b/tools/objtool/check.c
index 464f6c9d9ff0b..6382d2a44ef2b 100644
--- a/tools/objtool/check.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/check.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE /* memmem() */
+#include <ctype.h>
#include <fnmatch.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
@@ -3507,6 +3508,52 @@ static inline bool noinstr_call_dest(struct objtool_file *file,
return false;
}
+/*
+ * Code coverage instrumentation (gcov, Clang's source-based coverage) updates
+ * its counters inline rather than through calls, so it can't be caught by
+ * checking the call destinations of noinstr code.
+ */
+static bool is_coverage_counter(struct symbol *sym)
+{
+ if (!strcmp(sym->sec->name, "__llvm_prf_cnts") ||
+ !strcmp(sym->sec->name, "__llvm_prf_bits"))
+ return true;
+
+ return (strstarts(sym->name, "__gcov") && isdigit((unsigned char)sym->name[6])) ||
+ strstarts(sym->name, "__llvm_gcov_ctr");
+}
+
+static bool insn_updates_coverage(struct objtool_file *file,
+ struct instruction *insn)
+{
+ struct symbol *sym;
+ struct reloc *reloc;
+
+ for (reloc = insn_reloc(file, insn);
+ reloc;
+ reloc = find_reloc_by_dest_range(file->elf, insn->sec,
+ reloc_offset(reloc) + 1,
+ insn->offset + insn->len -
+ (reloc_offset(reloc) + 1))) {
+
+ sym = reloc->sym;
+ if (!sym->sec)
+ continue;
+
+ if (is_sec_sym(sym)) {
+ sym = find_symbol_containing(sym->sec,
+ arch_insn_adjusted_addend(insn, reloc));
+ if (!sym)
+ sym = reloc->sym;
+ }
+
+ if (is_coverage_counter(sym))
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
static int validate_call(struct objtool_file *file,
struct instruction *insn,
struct insn_state *state)
@@ -3680,6 +3727,12 @@ static int validate_insn(struct objtool_file *file, struct symbol *func,
if (statep->noinstr)
statep->instr += insn->instr;
+ if (statep->noinstr && statep->instr <= 0 &&
+ insn_updates_coverage(file, insn)) {
+ WARN_INSN(insn, "coverage counter update in .noinstr.text section");
+ return 1;
+ }
+
if (insn->hint) {
if (insn->restore) {
struct instruction *save_insn, *i;
--
2.53.0
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-10-28 12:01 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 18+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-10-28 11:59 [RFC PATCH 00/20] Unify code coverage and add Clang source-based coverage with MC/DC Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 11:59 ` [RFC PATCH 01/20] coverage: move gcov and kcov under kernel/coverage/ Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 11:59 ` [RFC PATCH 04/20] compiler_types.h: Don't instrument __always_inline functions for coverage Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 13:51 ` Peter Zijlstra
2026-10-28 14:01 ` Peter Zijlstra
2026-10-28 16:45 ` Sasha Levin
2026-10-29 5:49 ` Chuck Wolber
2026-10-28 11:59 ` Sasha Levin [this message]
2026-10-28 14:11 ` [RFC PATCH 11/20] objtool: Detect code coverage instrumentation in noinstr code Peter Zijlstra
2026-10-28 16:45 ` Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 11:59 ` [RFC PATCH 12/20] x86/sev: Stop excluding noinstr.o from code coverage Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 11:59 ` [RFC PATCH 14/20] coverage: add Clang's source-based " Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 11:59 ` [RFC PATCH 15/20] x86: Enable " Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 11:59 ` [RFC PATCH 16/20] coverage: add MC/DC measurement Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 19:14 ` Nathan Chancellor
2026-10-28 20:39 ` Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 11:59 ` [RFC PATCH 19/20] gcov: add MC/DC condition coverage support Sasha Levin
2026-10-28 11:59 ` [RFC PATCH 20/20] Documentation: dev-tools: document the common code coverage interface Sasha Levin
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