From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 From: Dan Williams Subject: [PATCH 2.6.10-rc1 13/15] wireless/orinoco: RF monitor mode support Date: Tue, 26 Oct 2004 15:22:27 -0400 Sender: netdev-bounce@oss.sgi.com Message-ID: <1098818547.3663.87.camel@dcbw.boston.redhat.com> References: <1098814320.3663.24.camel@dcbw.boston.redhat.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Cc: jgarzik@redhat.com, hermes@gibson.dropbear.id.au Return-path: To: netdev@oss.sgi.com In-Reply-To: <1098814320.3663.24.camel@dcbw.boston.redhat.com> Errors-to: netdev-bounce@oss.sgi.com List-Id: netdev.vger.kernel.org Update in-kernel orinoco wireless drivers to upstream CVS. None of this is original code by Dan Williams, simply a broken down patch set split-out from upstream orinoco CVS. o o RF monitor mode support (Pavel Roskin) Signed-off-by: Dan Williams --- a/drivers/net/wireless/orinoco.c.13-monitor-mode 2004-10-26 13:22:02.674402336 -0400 +++ b/drivers/net/wireless/orinoco.c 2004-10-26 13:38:35.020542792 -0400 @@ -612,26 +612,45 @@ /* Data types */ /********************************************************************/ -struct header_struct { - /* 802.3 */ - u8 dest[ETH_ALEN]; - u8 src[ETH_ALEN]; - u16 len; - /* 802.2 */ +/* Used in Event handling. + * We avoid nested structres as they break on ARM -- Moustafa */ +struct hermes_tx_descriptor_802_11 { + /* hermes_tx_descriptor */ + u16 status; + u16 reserved1; + u16 reserved2; + u32 sw_support; + u8 retry_count; + u8 tx_rate; + u16 tx_control; + + /* ieee802_11_hdr */ + u16 frame_ctl; + u16 duration_id; + u8 addr1[ETH_ALEN]; + u8 addr2[ETH_ALEN]; + u8 addr3[ETH_ALEN]; + u16 seq_ctl; + u8 addr4[ETH_ALEN]; + u16 data_len; + + /* ethhdr */ + unsigned char h_dest[ETH_ALEN]; /* destination eth addr */ + unsigned char h_source[ETH_ALEN]; /* source ether addr */ + unsigned short h_proto; /* packet type ID field */ + + /* p8022_hdr */ u8 dsap; u8 ssap; u8 ctrl; - /* SNAP */ u8 oui[3]; + u16 ethertype; } __attribute__ ((packed)); -/* 802.2 LLC/SNAP header used for Ethernet encapsulation over 802.11 */ -u8 encaps_hdr[] = {0xaa, 0xaa, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}; - -#define ENCAPS_OVERHEAD (sizeof(encaps_hdr) + 2) - +/* Rx frame header except compatibility 802.3 header */ struct hermes_rx_descriptor { + /* Control */ u16 status; u32 time; u8 silence; @@ -639,6 +658,18 @@ u8 rate; u8 rxflow; u32 reserved; + + /* 802.11 header */ + u16 frame_ctl; + u16 duration_id; + u8 addr1[ETH_ALEN]; + u8 addr2[ETH_ALEN]; + u8 addr3[ETH_ALEN]; + u16 seq_ctl; + u8 addr4[ETH_ALEN]; + + /* Data length */ + u16 data_len; } __attribute__ ((packed)); /********************************************************************/ @@ -669,6 +700,10 @@ priv->createibss = 1; } break; + case IW_MODE_MONITOR: + priv->port_type = 3; + priv->createibss = 0; + break; default: printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Invalid priv->iw_mode in set_port_type()\n", priv->ndev->name); @@ -851,7 +886,7 @@ return 1; } - if (! netif_carrier_ok(dev)) { + if (! netif_carrier_ok(dev) || (priv->iw_mode == IW_MODE_MONITOR)) { /* Oops, the firmware hasn't established a connection, silently drop the packet (this seems to be the safest approach). */ @@ -988,27 +1023,57 @@ struct orinoco_private *priv = netdev_priv(dev); struct net_device_stats *stats = &priv->stats; u16 fid = hermes_read_regn(hw, TXCOMPLFID); - struct hermes_tx_descriptor desc; + struct hermes_tx_descriptor_802_11 hdr; int err = 0; if (fid == DUMMY_FID) return; /* Nothing's really happened */ - err = hermes_bap_pread(hw, IRQ_BAP, &desc, sizeof(desc), fid, 0); + /* Read the frame header */ + err = hermes_bap_pread(hw, IRQ_BAP, &hdr, + sizeof(struct hermes_tx_descriptor) + + sizeof(struct ieee802_11_hdr), + fid, 0); + + hermes_write_regn(hw, TXCOMPLFID, DUMMY_FID); + stats->tx_errors++; + if (err) { printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Unable to read descriptor on Tx error " "(FID=%04X error %d)\n", dev->name, fid, err); - } else { - DEBUG(1, "%s: Tx error, status %d\n", - dev->name, le16_to_cpu(desc.status)); + return; } - stats->tx_errors++; + DEBUG(1, "%s: Tx error, err %d (FID=%04X)\n", dev->name, + err, fid); + +#if WIRELESS_EXT > 13 + /* We produce a TXDROP event only for retry or lifetime + * exceeded, because that's the only status that really mean + * that this particular node went away. + * Other errors means that *we* screwed up. - Jean II */ + hdr.status = le16_to_cpu(hdr.status); + if (hdr.status & (HERMES_TXSTAT_RETRYERR | HERMES_TXSTAT_AGEDERR)) { + union iwreq_data wrqu; + + /* Copy 802.11 dest address. + * We use the 802.11 header because the frame may + * not be 802.3 or may be mangled... + * In Ad-Hoc mode, it will be the node address. + * In managed mode, it will be most likely the AP addr + * User space will figure out how to convert it to + * whatever it needs (IP address or else). + * - Jean II */ + memcpy(wrqu.addr.sa_data, hdr.addr1, ETH_ALEN); + wrqu.addr.sa_family = ARPHRD_ETHER; - netif_wake_queue(dev); + /* Send event to user space */ + wireless_send_event(dev, IWEVTXDROP, &wrqu, NULL); + } +#endif /* WIRELESS_EXT > 13 */ - hermes_write_regn(hw, TXCOMPLFID, DUMMY_FID); + netif_wake_queue(dev); } static void orinoco_tx_timeout(struct net_device *dev) @@ -1033,15 +1098,17 @@ /* Does the frame have a SNAP header indicating it should be * de-encapsulated to Ethernet-II? */ -static inline int is_ethersnap(struct header_struct *hdr) +static inline int is_ethersnap(void *_hdr) { + u8 *hdr = _hdr; + /* We de-encapsulate all packets which, a) have SNAP headers * (i.e. SSAP=DSAP=0xaa and CTRL=0x3 in the 802.2 LLC header * and where b) the OUI of the SNAP header is 00:00:00 or * 00:00:f8 - we need both because different APs appear to use * different OUIs for some reason */ - return (memcmp(&hdr->dsap, &encaps_hdr, 5) == 0) - && ( (hdr->oui[2] == 0x00) || (hdr->oui[2] == 0xf8) ); + return (memcmp(hdr, &encaps_hdr, 5) == 0) + && ( (hdr[5] == 0x00) || (hdr[5] == 0xf8) ); } static inline void orinoco_spy_gather(struct net_device *dev, u_char *mac, @@ -1083,18 +1150,124 @@ } } -static void __orinoco_ev_rx(struct net_device *dev, hermes_t *hw) +/* + * orinoco_rx_monitor - handle received monitor frames. + * + * Arguments: + * dev network device + * rxfid received FID + * desc rx descriptor of the frame + * + * Call context: interrupt + */ +static void orinoco_rx_monitor(struct net_device *dev, u16 rxfid, + struct hermes_rx_descriptor *desc) +{ + u32 hdrlen = 30; /* return full header by default */ + u32 datalen = 0; + u16 fc; + int err; + int len; + struct sk_buff *skb; + struct orinoco_private *priv = netdev_priv(dev); + struct net_device_stats *stats = &priv->stats; + hermes_t *hw = &priv->hw; + + len = le16_to_cpu(desc->data_len); + + /* Determine the size of the header and the data */ + fc = le16_to_cpu(desc->frame_ctl); + switch (fc & IEEE802_11_FCTL_FTYPE) { + case IEEE802_11_FTYPE_DATA: + if ((fc & IEEE802_11_FCTL_TODS) + && (fc & IEEE802_11_FCTL_FROMDS)) + hdrlen = 30; + else + hdrlen = 24; + datalen = len; + break; + case IEEE802_11_FTYPE_MGMT: + hdrlen = 24; + datalen = len; + break; + case IEEE802_11_FTYPE_CTL: + switch (fc & IEEE802_11_FCTL_STYPE) { + case IEEE802_11_STYPE_PSPOLL: + case IEEE802_11_STYPE_RTS: + case IEEE802_11_STYPE_CFEND: + case IEEE802_11_STYPE_CFENDACK: + hdrlen = 16; + break; + case IEEE802_11_STYPE_CTS: + case IEEE802_11_STYPE_ACK: + hdrlen = 10; + break; + } + break; + default: + /* Unknown frame type */ + break; + } + + /* sanity check the length */ + if (datalen > IEEE802_11_DATA_LEN + 12) { + printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: oversized monitor frame, " + "data length = %d\n", dev->name, datalen); + err = -EIO; + goto drop; + } + + skb = dev_alloc_skb(hdrlen + datalen); + if (!skb) { + printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Cannot allocate skb for monitor frame\n", + dev->name); + err = -ENOMEM; + goto drop; + } + + /* Copy the 802.11 header to the skb */ + memcpy(skb_put(skb, hdrlen), &(desc->frame_ctl), hdrlen); + skb->mac.raw = skb->data; + + /* If any, copy the data from the card to the skb */ + if (datalen > 0) { + err = hermes_bap_pread(hw, IRQ_BAP, skb_put(skb, datalen), + ALIGN(datalen, 2), rxfid, + HERMES_802_2_OFFSET); + if (err) { + printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d reading monitor frame\n", + dev->name, err); + goto drop; + } + } + + skb->dev = dev; + skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_NONE; + skb->pkt_type = PACKET_OTHERHOST; + skb->protocol = __constant_htons(ETH_P_802_2); + + dev->last_rx = jiffies; + stats->rx_packets++; + stats->rx_bytes += skb->len; + + netif_rx(skb); + return; + + drop: + stats->rx_errors++; + stats->rx_dropped++; +} + +void __orinoco_ev_rx(struct net_device *dev, hermes_t *hw) { struct orinoco_private *priv = netdev_priv(dev); struct net_device_stats *stats = &priv->stats; struct iw_statistics *wstats = &priv->wstats; struct sk_buff *skb = NULL; - u16 rxfid, status; - int length, data_len, data_off; - char *p; + u16 rxfid, status, fc; + int length; struct hermes_rx_descriptor desc; - struct header_struct hdr; - struct ethhdr *eh; + struct ethhdr *hdr; int err; rxfid = hermes_read_regn(hw, RXFID); @@ -1110,33 +1283,31 @@ status = le16_to_cpu(desc.status); - if (status & HERMES_RXSTAT_ERR) { - if (status & HERMES_RXSTAT_UNDECRYPTABLE) { - wstats->discard.code++; - DEBUG(1, "%s: Undecryptable frame on Rx. Frame dropped.\n", - dev->name); - } else { - stats->rx_crc_errors++; - DEBUG(1, "%s: Bad CRC on Rx. Frame dropped.\n", dev->name); - } + if (status & HERMES_RXSTAT_BADCRC) { + DEBUG(1, "%s: Bad CRC on Rx. Frame dropped.\n", + dev->name); + stats->rx_crc_errors++; stats->rx_errors++; goto drop; } - /* For now we ignore the 802.11 header completely, assuming - that the card's firmware has handled anything vital */ + /* Handle frames in monitor mode */ + if (priv->iw_mode == IW_MODE_MONITOR) { + orinoco_rx_monitor(dev, rxfid, &desc); + return; + } - err = hermes_bap_pread(hw, IRQ_BAP, &hdr, sizeof(hdr), - rxfid, HERMES_802_3_OFFSET); - if (err) { - printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d reading frame header. " - "Frame dropped.\n", dev->name, err); + if (status & HERMES_RXSTAT_UNDECRYPTABLE) { + DEBUG(1, "%s: Undecryptable frame on Rx. Frame dropped.\n", + dev->name); + wstats->discard.code++; stats->rx_errors++; goto drop; } - length = ntohs(hdr.len); - + length = le16_to_cpu(desc.data_len); + fc = le16_to_cpu(desc.frame_ctl); + /* Sanity checks */ if (length < 3) { /* No for even an 802.2 LLC header */ /* At least on Symbol firmware with PCF we get quite a @@ -1165,57 +1336,51 @@ goto drop; } - skb_reserve(skb, 2); /* This way the IP header is aligned */ + /* We'll prepend the header, so reserve space for it. The worst + case is no decapsulation, when 802.3 header is prepended and + nothing is removed. 2 is for aligning the IP header. */ + skb_reserve(skb, ETH_HLEN + 2); + + err = hermes_bap_pread(hw, IRQ_BAP, skb_put(skb, length), + ALIGN(length, 2), rxfid, + HERMES_802_2_OFFSET); + if (err) { + printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d reading frame. " + "Frame dropped.\n", dev->name, err); + stats->rx_errors++; + goto drop; + } /* Handle decapsulation * In most cases, the firmware tell us about SNAP frames. * For some reason, the SNAP frames sent by LinkSys APs * are not properly recognised by most firmwares. * So, check ourselves */ - if (((status & HERMES_RXSTAT_MSGTYPE) == HERMES_RXSTAT_1042) || - ((status & HERMES_RXSTAT_MSGTYPE) == HERMES_RXSTAT_TUNNEL) || - is_ethersnap(&hdr)) { + if (length >= ENCAPS_OVERHEAD && + (((status & HERMES_RXSTAT_MSGTYPE) == HERMES_RXSTAT_1042) || + ((status & HERMES_RXSTAT_MSGTYPE) == HERMES_RXSTAT_TUNNEL) || + is_ethersnap(skb->data))) { /* These indicate a SNAP within 802.2 LLC within 802.11 frame which we'll need to de-encapsulate to the original EthernetII frame. */ - - if (length < ENCAPS_OVERHEAD) { /* No room for full LLC+SNAP */ - stats->rx_length_errors++; - goto drop; - } - - /* Remove SNAP header, reconstruct EthernetII frame */ - data_len = length - ENCAPS_OVERHEAD; - data_off = HERMES_802_3_OFFSET + sizeof(hdr); - - eh = (struct ethhdr *)skb_put(skb, ETH_HLEN); - - memcpy(eh, &hdr, 2 * ETH_ALEN); - eh->h_proto = hdr.ethertype; + hdr = (struct ethhdr *)skb_push(skb, ETH_HLEN - ENCAPS_OVERHEAD); } else { - /* All other cases indicate a genuine 802.3 frame. No - decapsulation needed. We just throw the whole - thing in, and hope the protocol layer can deal with - it as 802.3 */ - data_len = length; - data_off = HERMES_802_3_OFFSET; - /* FIXME: we re-read from the card data we already read here */ - } - - p = skb_put(skb, data_len); - err = hermes_bap_pread(hw, IRQ_BAP, p, ALIGN(data_len, 2), - rxfid, data_off); - if (err) { - printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d reading frame. " - "Frame dropped.\n", dev->name, err); - stats->rx_errors++; - goto drop; - } + /* 802.3 frame - prepend 802.3 header as is */ + hdr = (struct ethhdr *)skb_push(skb, ETH_HLEN); + hdr->h_proto = htons(length); + } + memcpy(hdr->h_dest, desc.addr1, ETH_ALEN); + if (fc & IEEE802_11_FCTL_FROMDS) + memcpy(hdr->h_source, desc.addr3, ETH_ALEN); + else + memcpy(hdr->h_source, desc.addr2, ETH_ALEN); dev->last_rx = jiffies; skb->dev = dev; skb->protocol = eth_type_trans(skb, dev); skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_NONE; + if (fc & IEEE802_11_FCTL_TODS) + skb->pkt_type = PACKET_OTHERHOST; /* Process the wireless stats if needed */ orinoco_stat_gather(dev, skb, &desc); @@ -1276,7 +1441,33 @@ dev->name, s, status); } -static void __orinoco_ev_info(struct net_device *dev, hermes_t *hw) +#if WIRELESS_EXT > 13 +/* Send new BSSID to userspace */ +static void orinoco_send_wevents(struct net_device *dev) +{ + struct orinoco_private *priv = netdev_priv(dev); + struct hermes *hw = &priv->hw; + union iwreq_data wrqu; + int err; + unsigned long flags; + + if (orinoco_lock(priv, &flags) != 0) + return; + + err = hermes_read_ltv(hw, IRQ_BAP, HERMES_RID_CURRENTBSSID, + ETH_ALEN, NULL, wrqu.ap_addr.sa_data); + if (err != 0) + return; + + wrqu.ap_addr.sa_family = ARPHRD_ETHER; + + /* Send event to user space */ + wireless_send_event(dev, SIOCGIWAP, &wrqu, NULL); + orinoco_unlock(priv, &flags); +} +#endif + +void __orinoco_ev_info(struct net_device *dev, hermes_t *hw) { struct orinoco_private *priv = netdev_priv(dev); u16 infofid; @@ -1316,10 +1507,11 @@ len = sizeof(tallies); } - /* Read directly the data (no seek) */ - hermes_read_words(hw, HERMES_DATA1, (void *) &tallies, - len / 2); /* FIXME: blech! */ - + err = hermes_bap_pread(hw, IRQ_BAP, &tallies, len, + infofid, sizeof(info)); + if (err) + break; + /* Increment our various counters */ /* wstats->discard.nwid - no wrong BSSID stuff */ wstats->discard.code += @@ -1330,11 +1522,13 @@ le16_to_cpu(tallies.RxDiscards_WEPExcluded); wstats->discard.misc += le16_to_cpu(tallies.TxDiscardsWrongSA); +#if WIRELESS_EXT > 11 wstats->discard.fragment += le16_to_cpu(tallies.RxMsgInBadMsgFragments); wstats->discard.retries += le16_to_cpu(tallies.TxRetryLimitExceeded); /* wstats->miss.beacon - no match */ +#endif /* WIRELESS_EXT > 11 */ } break; case HERMES_INQ_LINKSTATUS: { @@ -1342,6 +1536,9 @@ u16 newstatus; int connected; + if (priv->iw_mode == IW_MODE_MONITOR) + break; + if (len != sizeof(linkstatus)) { printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Unexpected size for linkstatus frame (%d bytes)\n", dev->name, len); @@ -1370,6 +1567,12 @@ } } break; + case HERMES_INQ_SEC_STAT_AGERE: + /* Security status (Agere specific) */ + /* Ignore this frame for now */ + if (priv->firmware_type == FIRMWARE_TYPE_AGERE) + break; + /* fall through */ default: printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: Unknown information frame received: " "type 0x%04x, length %d\n", dev->name, type, len); @@ -1645,6 +1848,9 @@ } else master_wep_flag = 0; + if (priv->iw_mode == IW_MODE_MONITOR) + master_wep_flag |= HERMES_WEP_HOST_DECRYPT; + /* Master WEP setting : on/off */ err = hermes_write_wordrec(hw, USER_BAP, HERMES_RID_CNFWEPFLAGS_INTERSIL, @@ -1864,6 +2070,20 @@ } } + if (priv->iw_mode == IW_MODE_MONITOR) { + /* Enable monitor mode */ + dev->type = ARPHRD_IEEE80211; + err = hermes_docmd_wait(hw, HERMES_CMD_TEST | + HERMES_TEST_MONITOR, 0, NULL); + } else { + /* Disable monitor mode */ + dev->type = ARPHRD_ETHER; + err = hermes_docmd_wait(hw, HERMES_CMD_TEST | + HERMES_TEST_STOP, 0, NULL); + } + if (err) + return err; + /* Set promiscuity / multicast*/ priv->promiscuous = 0; priv->mc_count = 0; @@ -2091,7 +2311,7 @@ if (events & HERMES_EV_ALLOC) __orinoco_ev_alloc(dev, hw); - hermes_write_regn(hw, EVACK, events); + hermes_write_regn(hw, EVACK, evstat); evstat = hermes_read_regn(hw, EVSTAT); events = evstat & hw->inten; @@ -2207,6 +2427,7 @@ priv->has_mwo = (firmver >= 0x60000); priv->has_pm = (firmver >= 0x40020); /* Don't work in 7.52 ? */ priv->ibss_port = 1; + priv->broken_monitor = (firmver >= 0x80000); /* Tested with Agere firmware : * 1.16 ; 4.08 ; 4.52 ; 6.04 ; 6.16 ; 7.28 => Jean II @@ -2499,6 +2720,9 @@ * before anything else touches the * hardware */ INIT_WORK(&priv->reset_work, (void (*)(void *))orinoco_reset, dev); +#if WIRELESS_EXT > 13 + INIT_WORK(&priv->wevent_work, (void (*)(void *))orinoco_send_wevents, dev); +#endif netif_carrier_off(dev); priv->last_linkstatus = 0xffff; @@ -2770,6 +2994,15 @@ case IW_MODE_INFRA: break; + case IW_MODE_MONITOR: + if (priv->broken_monitor) { + printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Monitor mode support is " + "buggy in this firmware, not enabling\n", + dev->name); + err = -EOPNOTSUPP; + } + break; + default: err = -EOPNOTSUPP; break; @@ -3177,6 +3410,13 @@ return -EBUSY; priv->channel = chan; + if (priv->iw_mode == IW_MODE_MONITOR) { + /* Fast channel change - no commit if successful */ + hermes_t *hw = &priv->hw; + err = hermes_docmd_wait(hw, HERMES_CMD_TEST | + HERMES_TEST_SET_CHANNEL, + chan, NULL); + } orinoco_unlock(priv, &flags); return err; @@ -4544,6 +4784,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(orinoco_reinit_firmware); EXPORT_SYMBOL(orinoco_interrupt); +EXPORT_SYMBOL(__orinoco_ev_rx); +EXPORT_SYMBOL(__orinoco_ev_info); /* Can't be declared "const" or the whole __initdata section will * become const */ --- a/drivers/net/wireless/orinoco.h.13-monitor-mode 2004-10-26 13:22:08.011590960 -0400 +++ b/drivers/net/wireless/orinoco.h 2004-10-26 13:35:27.978977432 -0400 @@ -36,6 +36,25 @@ char data[ORINOCO_MAX_KEY_SIZE]; } __attribute__ ((packed)); +struct header_struct { + /* 802.3 */ + u8 dest[ETH_ALEN]; + u8 src[ETH_ALEN]; + u16 len; + /* 802.2 */ + u8 dsap; + u8 ssap; + u8 ctrl; + /* SNAP */ + u8 oui[3]; + u16 ethertype; +} __attribute__ ((packed)); + +/* 802.2 LLC/SNAP header used for Ethernet encapsulation over 802.11 */ +#define encaps_hdr ((u8[]){0xaa, 0xaa, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}) + +#define ENCAPS_OVERHEAD (sizeof(encaps_hdr) + 2) + typedef enum { FIRMWARE_TYPE_AGERE, FIRMWARE_TYPE_INTERSIL, @@ -54,6 +73,10 @@ /* driver state */ int open; u16 last_linkstatus; + struct work_struct join_work; +#if WIRELESS_EXT > 13 + struct work_struct wevent_work; +#endif /* Net device stuff */ struct net_device *ndev; @@ -81,6 +104,7 @@ unsigned int has_preamble:1; unsigned int has_sensitivity:1; unsigned int broken_disableport:1; + unsigned int broken_monitor:1; unsigned int irq_no_disable:1; /* Configuration paramaters */ @@ -131,6 +155,8 @@ extern int orinoco_stop(struct net_device *dev); extern int orinoco_reinit_firmware(struct net_device *dev); extern irqreturn_t orinoco_interrupt(int irq, void * dev_id, struct pt_regs *regs); +extern void __orinoco_ev_info(struct net_device *dev, hermes_t *hw); +extern void __orinoco_ev_rx(struct net_device *dev, hermes_t *hw); /********************************************************************/ /* Locking and synchronization functions */