[RFC PATCH net-next 00/10] ipv6: Only create RTF_CACHE route after encountering pmtu exception

[Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>]

[Just a re-sent of the last one with the net-next tag]

Hi,

This series is to avoid creating a RTF_CACHE route whenever we are consulting
the fib6 tree with a new destination.  Instead, only create RTF_CACHE route
when we see a pmtu exception.

Out of all ipv6 RTF_CACHE routes that are created, the percentage that has a
different mtu is very small. In one of our end-user facing proxy server,
only 1k out of 80k RTF_CACHE routes have a smaller MTU.  For our DC
traffic, there is no mtu exception.

A large fib6 tree has problems like, 'ip -6 r show' takes a long time.
gc may kick in too often.  Also, when a service has restarted and a lot
of new TCP conn requests come in, it creates pressure on the tree by inserting
a lot of RTF_CACHE in a short time and it currently requires a write lock
to do that.

The first few patches are prep works to remove assumption that the
returned rt is always RTF_CACHE.

The patch 'ipv6: Only create RTF_CACHE routes after encountering pmtu exception'
do the lazy RTF_CACHE route creation.

The next few patches fix the /128 via gateway route issue.  One of them
is by "Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>" which I pulled off
from netdev.

The last two patches added percpu rt to compensate the performance loss after
doing the RTF_CACHE lazy creation.

Here is some numbers of the udpflood test.  The udpflood has been
slightly modified to have a time limit instead of count limit.

A /64 via gateway route is used for the test. Each udpflood uses 10000 dst
addresses.  The dst addresses of different udpflood processes do not overlap
with each other.

# of udpflood        # of trans (patched)        # of trans (upstream)

1                    16M                          15M
10                   61M                          61M
20                   65M                          62M
40                   88M                          83M


Many thanks to "Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>" on
reviewing the patches and giving advice.

--Martin