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Tue, 21 Apr 2026 10:14:07 -0700 (PDT) Date: Tue, 21 Apr 2026 10:14:00 -0700 From: Stephen Hemminger To: Dan Cross Cc: Jakub Kicinski , davem@davemloft.net, netdev@vger.kernel.org, edumazet@google.com, pabeni@redhat.com, andrew+netdev@lunn.ch, horms@kernel.org, corbet@lwn.net, skhan@linuxfoundation.org, federico.vaga@vaga.pv.it, carlos.bilbao@kernel.org, avadhut.naik@amd.com, alexs@kernel.org, si.yanteng@linux.dev, dzm91@hust.edu.cn, 2023002089@link.tyut.edu.cn, tsbogend@alpha.franken.de, dsahern@kernel.org, jani.nikula@intel.com, mchehab+huawei@kernel.org, gregkh@linuxfoundation.org, jirislaby@kernel.org, tytso@mit.edu, herbert@gondor.apana.org.au, ebiggers@kernel.org, johannes.berg@intel.com, geert@linux-m68k.org, pablo@netfilter.org, tglx@kernel.org, mashiro.chen@mailbox.org, mingo@kernel.org, dqfext@gmail.com, jreuter@yaina.de, sdf@fomichev.me, pkshih@realtek.com, enelsonmoore@gmail.com, mkl@pengutronix.de, toke@toke.dk, kees@kernel.org, jlayton@kernel.org, wangliang74@huawei.com, aha310510@gmail.com, takamitz@amazon.co.jp, kuniyu@google.com, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-mips@vger.kernel.org Subject: Re: [PATCH net-deletions] net: remove ax25 and amateur radio (hamradio) subsystem Message-ID: <20260421101400.67545b20@phoenix.local> In-Reply-To: References: <20260421021824.1293976-1-kuba@kernel.org> <20260421065507.2c5e3ba7@phoenix.local> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: netdev@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable On Tue, 21 Apr 2026 12:17:23 -0400 Dan Cross wrote: > On Tue, Apr 21, 2026 at 9:55=E2=80=AFAM Stephen Hemminger > wrote: > > On Mon, 20 Apr 2026 19:18:23 -0700 > > Jakub Kicinski wrote: =20 > > > Remove the amateur radio (AX.25, NET/ROM, ROSE) protocol implementati= on > > > and all associated hamradio device drivers from the kernel tree. > > > This set of protocols has long been a huge bug/syzbot magnet, > > > and since nobody stepped up to help us deal with the influx > > > of the AI-generated bug reports we need to move it out of tree > > > to protect our sanity. > > > > > > The code is moved to an out-of-tree repo: > > > https://github.com/linux-netdev/mod-orphan > > > if it's cleaned up and reworked there we can accept it back. =20 > > > > It would be good if these protocols could be done in userspace > > or with BPF? =20 >=20 > Consensus for a userspace implementation is what folks on linux-hams > seem to be converging on. >=20 > The amateur radio protocols are more or less specific to low-speed > links, they are not particularly coupled to anything else that > requires running in the kernel, and the main coupling point (IP over > AX.25) can be implemented via TAP/TUN. >=20 > There are several popular packages that already implement AX.25 and > NET/ROM in user-space (for the interested, LinBPQ seems to be the > canonical example). The main missing piece is ROSE, but it is likely > easier to add that to an existing package, or potentially something > brand new, than keep it in the kernel. >=20 > There's no compelling reason to keep these protocols in the kernel, > whether in-tree or out-of-tree; at least, one has not been > articulated. >=20 > - Dan C. Thanks, my other concern is carrying support for these in ip commands. If not kernel based, then iproute2 doesn't need to worry.