From: "Toke Høiland-Jørgensen" <toke@toke.dk>
To: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>, netdev@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "Jamal Hadi Salim" <jhs@mojatatu.com>,
"Jiri Pirko" <jiri@resnulli.us>,
"David S . Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>,
"Eric Dumazet" <edumazet@kernel.org>,
"Jakub Kicinski" <kuba@kernel.org>,
"Paolo Abeni" <pabeni@redhat.com>,
"Simon Horman" <horms@kernel.org>,
"Victor Nogueira" <victor@mojatatu.com>,
"Björn Töpel" <bjorn@kernel.org>,
cake@lists.bufferbloat.net, Sashiko <sashiko-bot@kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH net-next v7 4/4] net/sched: cake: hash before segmenting and reject an overlong split
Date: Mon, 19 Oct 2026 20:32:06 +0200 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <87o6cpwnh5.fsf@toke.dk> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <QDISC-BA27.v7.r0.20261019115505-4@mojatatu.com>
Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> writes:
> The Fix:
> with CAKE_FLAG_SPLIT_GSO, cake computes the flow/host hash keys, then
> splits a GSO skb into segments it accounts individually. Key extraction
> must run on the unsegmented skb -- skb_gso_segment() can rewrite an
> encapsulated packet's headers to the inner ones -- and the resolution
> must wait until the packet is admitted, since it commits the
> set-associative tags, host indices and way counters that a later
> rejection would leave mutated (a GSO skb whose segmentation fails was
> dropped with that state already committed).
>
> Split cake_hash() into a side-effect-free cake_hash_keys(), run on the
> unsegmented skb, and cake_hash_resolve(), run only once the packet is
> admitted. Move the split-GSO path ahead of the resolution: sum the
> segment list, test the total against the ceiling before linking any
> segment, and drop the whole list on rejection so no persistent state is
> committed. The list is deferred to to_free so the tail segment's
> sock_wfree() never runs under the qdisc lock; a fraglist GSO, where
> skb_segment_list() returns the original skb as the head, drops the
> caller's reference and queues the list once instead of self-linking it.
>
> Tag every deferred segment with QDISC_DROP_OVERLIMIT: __skb_gso_segment()
> keeps SKB_GSO_CB at cb offset 32, aliasing tc_skb_cb.drop_reason, and
> __copy_skb_header() copies it into every segment, so tagging only the
> head left the rest with GSO scratch (a headroom-sized value) as their
> drop reason, which __tcf_kfree_skb_list() would report as an unrelated
> core reason.
>
> Read q->config->flow_mode once with READ_ONCE() in cake_enqueue() and
> pass that value to both cake_hash_keys() and cake_hash_resolve().
> cake_config_change() writes the mode before cake_change() takes
> sch_tree_lock(), and the split introduced two separate loads with the
> segmentation work between them; a concurrent reconfiguration could
> extract keys in one mode and resolve them in another.
>
> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/179231933068.3135.80340792633077986@kernel.org/
> Reviewed-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com>
> Signed-off-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
> ---
> v6 -> v7: the split-GSO reject path now sets QDISC_DROP_OVERLIMIT on
> every deferred segment, not only on the head/original skb; the GSO cb
> aliases tc_skb_cb.drop_reason and is copied into every segment, so
> untagged segments carried GSO scratch as their drop reason. The
> flow_mode is likewise snapshotted once with READ_ONCE() and passed to
> both cake_hash_keys() and cake_hash_resolve(). (Sashiko nipa v6
> review, gpt-6-astra-2-5, gpt-6-astra-5-9)
> ---
> net/sched/sch_cake.c | 130 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
> 1 file changed, 99 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/net/sched/sch_cake.c b/net/sched/sch_cake.c
> index 91c33295b30b..730c90af14bd 100644
> --- a/net/sched/sch_cake.c
> +++ b/net/sched/sch_cake.c
> @@ -706,19 +706,28 @@ static u16 cake_get_flow_quantum(struct cake_tin_data *q,
> get_random_u16()) >> 16;
> }
>
> -static u32 cake_hash(struct cake_tin_data *q, const struct sk_buff *skb,
> - int flow_mode, u16 flow_override, u16 host_override)
> +struct cake_hash_keys {
> + u32 srchost_hash;
> + u32 dsthost_hash;
> + u32 flow_hash;
> +};
> +
> +static void cake_hash_keys(const struct sk_buff *skb, int flow_mode,
> + u16 flow_override, u16 host_override,
> + struct cake_hash_keys *out)
> {
> bool hash_flows = (!flow_override && !!(flow_mode & CAKE_FLOW_FLOWS));
> bool hash_hosts = (!host_override && !!(flow_mode & CAKE_FLOW_HOSTS));
> bool nat_enabled = !!(flow_mode & CAKE_FLOW_NAT_FLAG);
> - u32 flow_hash = 0, srchost_hash = 0, dsthost_hash = 0;
> - u16 reduced_hash, srchost_idx, dsthost_idx;
> struct flow_keys keys, host_keys;
> bool use_skbhash = skb->l4_hash;
>
> + out->flow_hash = 0;
> + out->srchost_hash = 0;
> + out->dsthost_hash = 0;
> +
> if (unlikely(flow_mode == CAKE_FLOW_NONE))
> - return 0;
> + return;
>
> /* If both overrides are set, or we can use the SKB hash and nat mode is
> * disabled, we can skip packet dissection entirely. If nat mode is
> @@ -753,50 +762,64 @@ static u32 cake_hash(struct cake_tin_data *q, const struct sk_buff *skb,
> switch (host_keys.control.addr_type) {
> case FLOW_DISSECTOR_KEY_IPV4_ADDRS:
> host_keys.addrs.v4addrs.src = 0;
> - dsthost_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&host_keys);
> + out->dsthost_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&host_keys);
> host_keys.addrs.v4addrs.src = keys.addrs.v4addrs.src;
> host_keys.addrs.v4addrs.dst = 0;
> - srchost_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&host_keys);
> + out->srchost_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&host_keys);
> break;
>
> case FLOW_DISSECTOR_KEY_IPV6_ADDRS:
> memset(&host_keys.addrs.v6addrs.src, 0,
> sizeof(host_keys.addrs.v6addrs.src));
> - dsthost_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&host_keys);
> + out->dsthost_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&host_keys);
> host_keys.addrs.v6addrs.src = keys.addrs.v6addrs.src;
> memset(&host_keys.addrs.v6addrs.dst, 0,
> sizeof(host_keys.addrs.v6addrs.dst));
> - srchost_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&host_keys);
> + out->srchost_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&host_keys);
> break;
>
> default:
> - dsthost_hash = 0;
> - srchost_hash = 0;
> + out->dsthost_hash = 0;
> + out->srchost_hash = 0;
> }
>
> /* This *must* be after the above switch, since as a
> * side-effect it sorts the src and dst addresses.
> */
> if (hash_flows && !use_skbhash)
> - flow_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&keys);
> + out->flow_hash = flow_hash_from_keys(&keys);
>
> skip_hash:
> if (flow_override)
> - flow_hash = flow_override - 1;
> + out->flow_hash = flow_override - 1;
> else if (use_skbhash && (flow_mode & CAKE_FLOW_FLOWS))
> - flow_hash = skb->hash;
> + out->flow_hash = skb->hash;
> if (host_override) {
> - dsthost_hash = host_override - 1;
> - srchost_hash = host_override - 1;
> + out->dsthost_hash = host_override - 1;
> + out->srchost_hash = host_override - 1;
> }
>
> if (!(flow_mode & CAKE_FLOW_FLOWS)) {
> if (flow_mode & CAKE_FLOW_SRC_IP)
> - flow_hash ^= srchost_hash;
> + out->flow_hash ^= out->srchost_hash;
>
> if (flow_mode & CAKE_FLOW_DST_IP)
> - flow_hash ^= dsthost_hash;
> + out->flow_hash ^= out->dsthost_hash;
> }
> +}
> +
> +/* Commit the flow into the set-associative table (q->tags[], host
> + * indices, bulk counters). Only after the packet is admitted.
> + */
> +static u32 cake_hash_resolve(struct cake_tin_data *q,
> + const struct cake_hash_keys *keys, int flow_mode)
> +{
> + u32 flow_hash = keys->flow_hash, srchost_hash = keys->srchost_hash,
> + dsthost_hash = keys->dsthost_hash;
> + u16 reduced_hash, srchost_idx, dsthost_idx;
> +
> + if (unlikely(flow_mode == CAKE_FLOW_NONE))
> + return 0;
>
> reduced_hash = flow_hash % CAKE_QUEUES;
>
> @@ -1761,13 +1784,17 @@ static s32 cake_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch,
> {
> u32 idx, tin, prev_qlen, prev_backlog, drop_id;
> struct cake_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
> + int flow_mode = READ_ONCE(q->config->flow_mode);
This breaks the reverse x-mas tree ordering. Move the u32 defs below,
and keep an empty line after the qdisc_priv() resolution?
> int len = qdisc_pkt_len(skb), ret;
> u16 flow_override, host_override;
> + struct sk_buff *segs = NULL;
> + struct cake_hash_keys keys;
> struct sk_buff *ack = NULL;
> ktime_t now = ktime_get();
> struct cake_tin_data *b;
> struct cake_flow *flow;
> bool same_flow = false;
> + u64 slen = 0;
>
> /* Classify first: a terminal TC action consumes the packet. */
> if (cake_tcf_classify(sch, skb, &flow_override, &host_override, &ret)) {
> @@ -1784,12 +1811,59 @@ static s32 cake_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch,
> QDISC_DROP_OVERLIMIT);
> }
>
> - /* choose flow to insert into */
> + /* Select the tin and extract the keys before segmenting:
> + * skb_gso_segment() rewrites encapsulated headers, which
> + * changes the keys.
> + */
> b = cake_select_tin(sch, skb);
> - idx = cake_hash(b, skb, q->config->flow_mode, flow_override,
> - host_override) + 1;
> + cake_hash_keys(skb, flow_mode, flow_override, host_override, &keys);
> +
> + if (qdisc_pkt_segs(skb) > 1 && q->config->rate_flags & CAKE_FLAG_SPLIT_GSO) {
> + struct sk_buff *nskb, *seg;
> + netdev_features_t features = netif_skb_features(skb);
Reverse x-mas tree, please.
> +
> + segs = skb_gso_segment(skb, features & ~NETIF_F_GSO_MASK);
> + if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(segs))
> + return qdisc_drop(skb, sch, to_free);
> +
> + /* The split path accounts the segment sum, not the
> + * stab-adjusted qdisc_pkt_len(), so check it here.
> + */
> + skb_list_walk_safe(segs, seg, nskb)
> + slen += seg->len;
> +
> + if (unlikely((u64)sch->qstats.backlog + slen > QDISC_MAX_BACKLOG)) {
> + qdisc_qstats_overlimit(sch);
> + /* __skb_gso_segment() puts SKB_GSO_CB at cb
> + * offset 32, over tc_skb_cb.drop_reason; every
> + * segment inherits it. Tag each one with the
> + * qdisc drop reason.
> + */
> + skb_list_walk_safe(segs, seg, nskb)
> + tcf_set_qdisc_drop_reason(seg,
> + QDISC_DROP_OVERLIMIT);
> + /* skb_gso_segment() moved sock_wfree to the tail
> + * segment, so defer the list to to_free rather
> + * than free it under the qdisc lock.
I don't think this part of the comment is needed - we do all the drops
using to_free, so the sock_wfree thing is irrelevant.
> + * Fraglist GSO returns the original skb as head
> + * (segs == skb), so drop our ref first.
> + */
> + if (unlikely(segs == skb)) {
> + consume_skb(skb);
> + return qdisc_drop_all(segs, sch, to_free);
> + }
> + __qdisc_drop_all(segs, to_free);
> + return qdisc_drop_reason(skb, sch, to_free,
> + QDISC_DROP_OVERLIMIT);
Since you already set the drop reason above, there's not really any
reason to use qdisc_drop_reason() anymore; so this logic can be
simplified to simply:
if (unlikely(segs == skb))
consume_skb(skb);
return qdisc_drop_all(segs, sch, to_free);
> + }
> + }
> +
> + /* Admitted: resolve the flow. The mode is read once above, so
> + * extraction and resolution agree if cake_change() intervenes.
> + */
The last sentence here is just distracting. Please drop.
> + idx = cake_hash_resolve(b, &keys, flow_mode);
> tin = (u32)(b - q->tins);
> - idx--;
> flow = &b->flows[idx];
>
> /* ensure shaper state isn't stale */
> @@ -1816,14 +1890,9 @@ static s32 cake_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch,
> if (unlikely(len > b->max_skblen))
> WRITE_ONCE(b->max_skblen, len);
>
> - if (qdisc_pkt_segs(skb) > 1 && q->config->rate_flags & CAKE_FLAG_SPLIT_GSO) {
> - struct sk_buff *segs, *nskb, *seg;
> - netdev_features_t features = netif_skb_features(skb);
> - unsigned int slen = 0, numsegs = 0;
> -
> - segs = skb_gso_segment(skb, features & ~NETIF_F_GSO_MASK);
> - if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(segs))
> - return qdisc_drop(skb, sch, to_free);
> + if (segs) {
> + struct sk_buff *nskb, *seg;
> + unsigned int numsegs = 0;
>
> skb_list_walk_safe(segs, seg, nskb) {
> skb_mark_not_on_list(seg);
> @@ -1837,7 +1906,6 @@ static s32 cake_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch,
> qdisc_qlen_inc(sch);
> numsegs++;
> q->buffer_used += seg->truesize;
> - slen += seg->len;
> WRITE_ONCE(b->packets, b->packets + 1);
> }
>
> --
> 2.43.0
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-10-19 18:32 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 16+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-10-19 16:00 [PATCH net-next v7 0/4] net/sched: cap the accounted backlog before it can wrap Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-19 16:00 ` [PATCH net-next v7 1/4] net/sched: cake, fq_codel: return the classifier result to the caller Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-19 18:11 ` Toke Høiland-Jørgensen
2026-10-19 21:05 ` Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-20 8:58 ` Toke Høiland-Jørgensen
2026-10-20 10:06 ` Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-19 16:00 ` [PATCH net-next v7 2/4] net/sched: cake: use a dedicated split-GSO list iterator Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-19 18:11 ` Toke Høiland-Jørgensen
2026-10-19 16:00 ` [PATCH net-next v7 3/4] net/sched: cap the accounted backlog before it can wrap Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-19 18:20 ` Toke Høiland-Jørgensen
2026-10-19 21:08 ` Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-19 16:00 ` [PATCH net-next v7 4/4] net/sched: cake: hash before segmenting and reject an overlong split Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-19 18:32 ` Toke Høiland-Jørgensen [this message]
2026-10-19 21:35 ` Jamal Hadi Salim
2026-10-20 8:47 ` Toke Høiland-Jørgensen
2026-10-20 10:08 ` Jamal Hadi Salim
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