[PATCH 1/3] lib: sbi: Add RISC-V vector context save/restore support

[dave.patel@riscstar.com]

From: Dave Patel <dave.patel@riscstar.com>

Eager context switch: Add support for saving and restoring RISC-V vector
extension state in OpenSBI. This introduces a per-hart vector context
structure and helper routines to perform full context save and restore.

The vector context includes vcsr CSRs along with storage for all 32 vector
registers. The register state is saved and restored using byte-wise vector
load/store instructions (vs8r/vl8r).

The implementation follows an eager context switching model where the entire
vector state is saved and restored on every context switch. This provides a
simple and deterministic mechanism without requiring lazy trap-based
management.

Notes:
- The SBI_MAX_VLENB is configured using CONFIG_SBI_MAX_VLENB.

Signed-off-by: Dave Patel <dave.patel@riscstar.com>
---
 include/sbi/sbi_vector.h |  30 ++++++++
 lib/sbi/Kconfig          |   4 +
 lib/sbi/objects.mk       |   1 +
 lib/sbi/sbi_vector.c     | 155 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 190 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 include/sbi/sbi_vector.h
 create mode 100644 lib/sbi/sbi_vector.c

diff --git a/include/sbi/sbi_vector.h b/include/sbi/sbi_vector.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3b63b02c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/sbi/sbi_vector.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 RISCstar Solutions.
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *   Dave Patel <dave.patel@riscstar.com>
+ */
+
+#ifndef __SBI_VECTOR_H__
+#define __SBI_VECTOR_H__
+
+#include <sbi/sbi_types.h>
+
+#define SBI_MAX_VLENB CONFIG_SBI_MAX_VLENB
+
+struct sbi_vector_context {
+	unsigned long vcsr;
+	unsigned long vstart;
+
+	/* size depends on VLEN */
+	uint8_t vregs[32 * SBI_MAX_VLENB];
+};
+
+void sbi_vector_save(struct sbi_vector_context *dst);
+void sbi_vector_restore(const struct sbi_vector_context *src);
+int sbi_vector_domain_init(void);
+
+#endif //__SBI_VECTOR_H__
+
diff --git a/lib/sbi/Kconfig b/lib/sbi/Kconfig
index 8479f861..b2432150 100644
--- a/lib/sbi/Kconfig
+++ b/lib/sbi/Kconfig
@@ -74,4 +74,8 @@ config SBI_ECALL_VIRQ
 	bool "VIRQ extension"
 	default y

+config SBI_MAX_VLENB
+	int "Vector VLENB size"
+	default 256
+
 endmenu
diff --git a/lib/sbi/objects.mk b/lib/sbi/objects.mk
index 68fc2036..ecb2b54e 100644
--- a/lib/sbi/objects.mk
+++ b/lib/sbi/objects.mk
@@ -109,3 +109,4 @@ libsbi-objs-y += sbi_trap_v_ldst.o
 libsbi-objs-y += sbi_unpriv.o
 libsbi-objs-y += sbi_expected_trap.o
 libsbi-objs-y += sbi_cppc.o
+libsbi-objs-y += sbi_vector.o
diff --git a/lib/sbi/sbi_vector.c b/lib/sbi/sbi_vector.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..29434e2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/sbi/sbi_vector.c
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 RISCstar Solutions.
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *	 Dave Patel <dave.patel@riscstar.com>
+ */
+
+#include <sbi/sbi_domain.h>
+#include <sbi/riscv_encoding.h>
+#include <sbi/riscv_asm.h>
+#include <sbi/sbi_vector.h>
+#include <sbi/sbi_types.h>
+#include <sbi/sbi_hart.h>
+#include <sbi/sbi_error.h>
+#include <sbi/sbi_console.h>
+
+#ifdef OPENSBI_CC_SUPPORT_VECTOR
+
+static inline unsigned long vector_vlenb(void)
+{
+	unsigned long vlenb = 0;
+
+	asm volatile (
+		".option push\n\t"
+		".option arch, +v\n\t"
+		"csrr %0, vlenb\n\t"
+		".option pop\n\t"
+		: "=r"(vlenb)
+		:
+		: "memory");
+
+	return vlenb;
+}
+
+void sbi_vector_save(struct sbi_vector_context *dst)
+{
+	if (!dst)
+		return;
+
+#define READ_CSR(dst, csr)				\
+	({						\
+		asm volatile (				\
+			"	.option push\n\t"	\
+			"	.option arch, +v\n\t"	\
+			"	csrr %0, " #csr "\n\t"	\
+			"	.option pop\n\t"	\
+			:	"=r"(dst)		\
+			:				\
+			:	"memory");		\
+	})						\
+
+	/* Step 1: Save CSRs */
+	READ_CSR(dst->vcsr,   vcsr);
+	READ_CSR(dst->vstart, vstart);
+
+#undef READ_CSR
+
+	ulong vlenb = vector_vlenb();
+	uint8_t *base = dst->vregs;
+
+	/* Step 3: Save vector registers */
+#define SAVE_VREG(i)						\
+	({							\
+	asm volatile(						\
+		"	.option push\n\t"			\
+		"	.option arch, +v\n\t"			\
+		"	vs8r.v v" #i ", (%0)\n\t"		\
+		"	.option pop\n\t"			\
+		::	"r"(base + (i) * vlenb)	: "memory");	\
+	})							\
+
+	SAVE_VREG(0);
+	SAVE_VREG(8);
+	SAVE_VREG(16);
+	SAVE_VREG(24);
+
+#undef SAVE_VREG
+}
+
+void sbi_vector_restore(const struct sbi_vector_context *src)
+{
+	if (!src)
+		return;
+
+	const uint8_t *base = src->vregs;
+	ulong vlenb = vector_vlenb();
+
+	/* Step 2: Restore vector registers */
+#define RESTORE_VREG(i)					\
+	({							\
+	asm volatile(						\
+		"	.option push\n\t"			\
+		"	.option arch, +v\n\t"			\
+		"	vl8r.v v" #i ", (%0)\n\t"		\
+		"	.option pop\n\t"			\
+		::	"r"(base + (i) * vlenb) : "memory");	\
+	 })							\
+
+	RESTORE_VREG(0);
+	RESTORE_VREG(8);
+	RESTORE_VREG(16);
+	RESTORE_VREG(24);
+#undef RESTORE_VREG
+
+	/* Step 3: Restore CSR's last */
+#define WRITE_CSR(csr, val)			\
+	({					\
+	asm volatile(				\
+		"	.option push\n\t"	\
+		"	.option arch, +v\n\t"	\
+		"	csrw " #csr ", %0\n\t"	\
+		"	.option pop\n\t"	\
+		:				\
+		:	"r"(val)		\
+		:	"memory");		\
+	 })					\
+
+	/* Restore CSRs first */
+	WRITE_CSR(vcsr,   src->vcsr);
+	WRITE_CSR(vstart, src->vstart);
+#undef WRITE_CSR
+}
+
+int sbi_vector_domain_init(void)
+{
+	csr_set(CSR_MSTATUS, MSTATUS_VS);
+	ulong vlenb = vector_vlenb();
+
+	if (vlenb > SBI_MAX_VLENB) {
+		sbi_printf("[Vector ERR:] vlenb range error\n");
+		return SBI_ERR_BAD_RANGE;
+	}
+
+	csr_clear(CSR_MSTATUS, MSTATUS_VS);
+	return SBI_OK;
+}
+
+#else
+
+void sbi_vector_save(struct sbi_vector_context *dst)
+{
+}
+
+void sbi_vector_restore(const struct sbi_vector_context *src)
+{
+}
+
+int sbi_vector_domain_init(void)
+{
+	return SBI_OK;
+}
+
+#endif /* OPENSBI_CC_SUPPORT_VECTOR */
--
2.43.0


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