[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 13/30] qemu-thread: report RCU quiescent states

[Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>]

Most threads will use mutexes and other sleeping synchronization primitives
(condition variables, semaphores, events) periodically.  For these threads,
the synchronization primitives are natural places to report a quiescent
state (possibly an extended one).

Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
---
 docs/rcu.txt             | 33 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 util/qemu-thread-posix.c | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 util/qemu-thread-win32.c | 16 +++++++++++++++-
 util/rcu.c               |  3 ---
 4 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/rcu.txt b/docs/rcu.txt
index a3510b9..6c4a852 100644
--- a/docs/rcu.txt
+++ b/docs/rcu.txt
@@ -168,6 +168,35 @@ of "quiescent states", i.e. points where no RCU read-side critical
 section can be active.  All threads created with qemu_thread_create
 participate in the RCU mechanism and need to annotate such points.
 
+Luckily, in most cases no manual annotation is needed, because waiting
+on condition variables (qemu_cond_wait), semaphores (qemu_sem_wait,
+qemu_sem_timedwait) or events (qemu_event_wait) implicitly marks the thread
+as quiescent for the whole duration of the wait.  (There is an exception
+for semaphore waits with a zero timeout).
+
+Manual annotation is still needed in the following cases:
+
+- threads that spend their sleeping time in the kernel, for example
+  in a call to select(), poll(), sigwait() or WaitForMultipleObjects().
+  The QEMU I/O thread is an example of this case.  When running under
+  KVM, VCPUs are also in a quiescent state while running the guest.
+
+- threads that perform a lot of I/O.  In QEMU, the workers used for
+  aio=thread are an example of this case (see aio_worker in block/raw-*).
+
+- threads that run continuously until they exit.  The migration thread
+  is an example of this case.
+
+Regarding the second case, note that the workers run in the QEMU thread
+pool.  The thread pool uses semaphores for synchronization, hence it does
+report quiescent states periodically.  However, in some cases (e.g. NFS
+mounted with the "hard" option) the workers can take an arbitrarily long
+amount of time.  When this happens, synchronize_rcu() will not exit and
+call_rcu() callbacks will be delayed arbitrarily.  It is therefore a
+good idea to mark I/O system calls as quiescence points in the worker
+functions.
+
+
 Marking quiescent states is done with the following three APIs:
 
      void rcu_quiescent_state(void);
@@ -229,7 +258,9 @@ DIFFERENCES WITH LINUX
   type of the callback's argument to be the type of the first argument.
   call_rcu1 is the same as Linux's call_rcu.
 
-- Quiescent points must be marked explicitly in the thread.
+- Quiescent points must be marked explicitly unless the thread uses
+  condvars/semaphores/events for synchronization.  Note that mutexes
+  do not report quiescent points (see the first item above).
 
 
 RCU PATTERNS
diff --git a/util/qemu-thread-posix.c b/util/qemu-thread-posix.c
index 2df3382..21190be 100644
--- a/util/qemu-thread-posix.c
+++ b/util/qemu-thread-posix.c
@@ -119,7 +119,9 @@ void qemu_cond_wait(QemuCond *cond, QemuMutex *mutex)
 {
     int err;
 
+    rcu_thread_offline();
     err = pthread_cond_wait(&cond->cond, &mutex->lock);
+    rcu_thread_online();
     if (err)
         error_exit(err, __func__);
 }
@@ -212,6 +214,10 @@ int qemu_sem_timedwait(QemuSemaphore *sem, int ms)
     int rc;
     struct timespec ts;
 
+    if (ms) {
+        rcu_thread_offline();
+    }
+
 #if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
     compute_abs_deadline(&ts, ms);
     pthread_mutex_lock(&sem->lock);
@@ -227,7 +233,10 @@ int qemu_sem_timedwait(QemuSemaphore *sem, int ms)
         }
     }
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&sem->lock);
-    return (rc == ETIMEDOUT ? -1 : 0);
+    if (rc == ETIMEDOUT) {
+        rc == -1;
+    }
+
 #else
     if (ms <= 0) {
         /* This is cheaper than sem_timedwait.  */
@@ -235,7 +244,7 @@ int qemu_sem_timedwait(QemuSemaphore *sem, int ms)
             rc = sem_trywait(&sem->sem);
         } while (rc == -1 && errno == EINTR);
         if (rc == -1 && errno == EAGAIN) {
-            return -1;
+            goto out;
         }
     } else {
         compute_abs_deadline(&ts, ms);
@@ -243,18 +252,25 @@ int qemu_sem_timedwait(QemuSemaphore *sem, int ms)
             rc = sem_timedwait(&sem->sem, &ts);
         } while (rc == -1 && errno == EINTR);
         if (rc == -1 && errno == ETIMEDOUT) {
-            return -1;
+            goto out;
         }
     }
     if (rc < 0) {
         error_exit(errno, __func__);
     }
-    return 0;
 #endif
+
+out:
+    if (ms) {
+        rcu_thread_online();
+    }
+    return rc;
 }
 
 void qemu_sem_wait(QemuSemaphore *sem)
 {
+    rcu_thread_offline();
+
 #if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
     pthread_mutex_lock(&sem->lock);
     --sem->count;
@@ -272,6 +288,8 @@ void qemu_sem_wait(QemuSemaphore *sem)
         error_exit(errno, __func__);
     }
 #endif
+
+    rcu_thread_online();
 }
 
 #ifdef __linux__
@@ -380,7 +398,11 @@ void qemu_event_wait(QemuEvent *ev)
                 return;
             }
         }
+        rcu_thread_offline();
         futex_wait(ev, EV_BUSY);
+        rcu_thread_online();
+    } else {
+        rcu_quiescent_state();
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/util/qemu-thread-win32.c b/util/qemu-thread-win32.c
index 18978be..9c14cf1 100644
--- a/util/qemu-thread-win32.c
+++ b/util/qemu-thread-win32.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
  */
 #include "qemu-common.h"
 #include "qemu/thread.h"
+#include "qemu/rcu.h"
 #include <process.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <limits.h>
@@ -187,7 +188,9 @@ void qemu_cond_wait(QemuCond *cond, QemuMutex *mutex)
      * leaving mutex unlocked before we wait on semaphore.
      */
     qemu_mutex_unlock(mutex);
+    rcu_thread_offline();
     WaitForSingleObject(cond->sema, INFINITE);
+    rcu_thread_online();
 
     /* Now waiters must rendez-vous with the signaling thread and
      * let it continue.  For cond_broadcast this has heavy contention
@@ -227,7 +230,16 @@ void qemu_sem_post(QemuSemaphore *sem)
 
 int qemu_sem_timedwait(QemuSemaphore *sem, int ms)
 {
-    int rc = WaitForSingleObject(sem->sema, ms);
+    int rc;
+
+    if (ms) {
+        rcu_thread_offline();
+    }
+    rc = WaitForSingleObject(sem->sema, ms);
+    if (ms) {
+        rcu_thread_online();
+    }
+
     if (rc == WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
         return 0;
     }
@@ -267,7 +279,9 @@ void qemu_event_reset(QemuEvent *ev)
 
 void qemu_event_wait(QemuEvent *ev)
 {
+    rcu_thread_offline();
     WaitForSingleObject(ev->event, INFINITE);
+    rcu_thread_online();
 }
 
 struct QemuThreadData {
diff --git a/util/rcu.c b/util/rcu.c
index f1c5736..654f3bb 100644
--- a/util/rcu.c
+++ b/util/rcu.c
@@ -232,9 +232,6 @@ static void *call_rcu_thread(void *opaque)
 {
     struct rcu_head *node;
 
-    /* This thread is just a writer.  */
-    rcu_thread_offline();
-
     for (;;) {
         int tries = 0;
         int n = atomic_read(&rcu_call_count);
-- 
1.8.1.4