[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 0/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue support

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 0/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue support

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

The virtio_blk guest driver has supported multiple virtqueues since Linux 3.17.
This patch series adds multiple virtqueues to QEMU's virtio-blk emulated
device.

Ming Lei sent patches previously but these were not merged.  This series
implements virtio-blk multiqueue for QEMU from scratch since the codebase has
changed.  Live migration support for s->rq was also missing from the previous
series and has been added.

It's important to note that QEMU's block layer does not support multiqueue yet.
Therefore virtio-blk device processes all virtqueues in the same AioContext
(IOThread).  Further work is necessary to take advantage of multiqueue support
in QEMU's block layer once it becomes available.

I will post performance results once they are ready.

Stefan Hajnoczi (9):
  virtio-blk: use batch notify in non-dataplane case
  virtio-blk: tell dataplane which vq to notify
  virtio-blk: associate request with a virtqueue
  virtio-blk: add VirtIOBlockConf->num_queues
  virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify
  vmstate: add VMSTATE_VARRAY_UINT32_ALLOC
  virtio-blk: live migrate s->rq with multiqueue
  virtio-blk: dataplane multiqueue support
  virtio-blk: add num-queues device property

 hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c |  68 +++++++-------
 hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h |   2 +-
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c           | 200 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h  |  13 ++-
 include/migration/vmstate.h     |  10 ++
 5 files changed, 241 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)

-- 
2.5.5

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 1/9] virtio-blk: use batch notify in non-dataplane case

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

Commit 5b2ffbe4d99843fd8305c573a100047a8c962327 ("virtio-blk: dataplane:
notify guest as a batch") deferred guest notification to a BH in order
batch notifications.  This optimization is not specific to dataplane so
move it to the generic virtio-blk code that is shared by both dataplane
and non-dataplane code.

Note that this patch adds a flush function to force pending
notifications.  This way we can ensure notifications do not cross device
reset or vmstate saving.

Cc: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c | 10 ----------
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c           | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h  |  1 +
 3 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
index 3cb97c9..e0ac4f4 100644
--- a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane {
     VirtIODevice *vdev;
     VirtQueue *vq;                  /* virtqueue vring */
     EventNotifier *guest_notifier;  /* irq */
-    QEMUBH *bh;                     /* bh for guest notification */
 
     Notifier insert_notifier, remove_notifier;
 
@@ -54,13 +53,6 @@ struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane {
 /* Raise an interrupt to signal guest, if necessary */
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
 {
-    qemu_bh_schedule(s->bh);
-}
-
-static void notify_guest_bh(void *opaque)
-{
-    VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s = opaque;
-
     if (!virtio_should_notify(s->vdev, s->vq)) {
         return;
     }
@@ -156,7 +148,6 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *conf,
         object_ref(OBJECT(s->iothread));
     }
     s->ctx = iothread_get_aio_context(s->iothread);
-    s->bh = aio_bh_new(s->ctx, notify_guest_bh, s);
 
     s->insert_notifier.notify = data_plane_blk_insert_notifier;
     s->remove_notifier.notify = data_plane_blk_remove_notifier;
@@ -179,7 +170,6 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     data_plane_remove_op_blockers(s);
     notifier_remove(&s->insert_notifier);
     notifier_remove(&s->remove_notifier);
-    qemu_bh_delete(s->bh);
     object_unref(OBJECT(s->iothread));
     g_free(s);
 }
diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index 284e646..0eaf6bf 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -45,20 +45,37 @@ void virtio_blk_free_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req)
     }
 }
 
+/* Many requests can complete in an event loop iteration, we only notify the
+ * guest once.
+ */
+static void virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    VirtIOBlock *s = opaque;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(s);
+
+    if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
+        virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane);
+    } else {
+        virtio_notify(vdev, s->vq);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Force batch notifications to run */
+static void virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(VirtIOBlock *s)
+{
+    qemu_bh_cancel(s->batch_notify_bh);
+    virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh(s);
+}
+
 static void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = req->dev;
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(s);
 
     trace_virtio_blk_req_complete(req, status);
 
     stb_p(&req->in->status, status);
     virtqueue_push(s->vq, &req->elem, req->in_len);
-    if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
-        virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane);
-    } else {
-        virtio_notify(vdev, s->vq);
-    }
+    qemu_bh_schedule(s->batch_notify_bh);
 }
 
 static int virtio_blk_handle_rw_error(VirtIOBlockReq *req, int error,
@@ -664,6 +681,8 @@ static void virtio_blk_reset(VirtIODevice *vdev)
     if (s->dataplane) {
         virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(s->dataplane);
     }
+
+    virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(s);
     aio_context_release(ctx);
 
     blk_set_enable_write_cache(s->blk, s->original_wce);
@@ -801,6 +820,8 @@ static void virtio_blk_save(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
         virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(s->dataplane);
     }
 
+    virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(s);
+
     virtio_save(vdev, f);
 }
     
@@ -896,6 +917,9 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         return;
     }
 
+    s->batch_notify_bh = aio_bh_new(blk_get_aio_context(s->blk),
+                                    virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh, s);
+
     s->change = qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(virtio_blk_dma_restart_cb, s);
     register_savevm(dev, "virtio-blk", virtio_blk_id++, 2,
                     virtio_blk_save, virtio_blk_load, s);
@@ -910,6 +934,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(dev);
 
+    qemu_bh_delete(s->batch_notify_bh);
     virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(s->dataplane);
     s->dataplane = NULL;
     qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(s->change);
diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
index 8f2b056..b3834bc 100644
--- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
     VirtQueue *vq;
     void *rq;
     QEMUBH *bh;
+    QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
     VirtIOBlkConf conf;
     unsigned short sector_mask;
     bool original_wce;
-- 
2.5.5

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 2/9] virtio-blk: tell dataplane which vq to notify

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

Let the virtio_blk_data_plane_notify() caller decide which virtqueue to
notify.  This will allow the function to be used with multiqueue.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c | 8 +++-----
 hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h | 2 +-
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c           | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
index e0ac4f4..592aa95 100644
--- a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane {
 
     VirtIODevice *vdev;
     VirtQueue *vq;                  /* virtqueue vring */
-    EventNotifier *guest_notifier;  /* irq */
 
     Notifier insert_notifier, remove_notifier;
 
@@ -51,13 +50,13 @@ struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane {
 };
 
 /* Raise an interrupt to signal guest, if necessary */
-void virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
+void virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s, VirtQueue *vq)
 {
-    if (!virtio_should_notify(s->vdev, s->vq)) {
+    if (!virtio_should_notify(s->vdev, vq)) {
         return;
     }
 
-    event_notifier_set(s->guest_notifier);
+    event_notifier_set(virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vq));
 }
 
 static void data_plane_set_up_op_blockers(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
@@ -207,7 +206,6 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
                 "ensure -enable-kvm is set\n", r);
         goto fail_guest_notifiers;
     }
-    s->guest_notifier = virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(s->vq);
 
     /* Set up virtqueue notify */
     r = k->set_host_notifier(qbus->parent, 0, true);
diff --git a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h
index 0714c11..b1f0b95 100644
--- a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s);
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s);
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s);
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_drain(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s);
-void virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s);
+void virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s, VirtQueue *vq);
 
 #endif /* HW_DATAPLANE_VIRTIO_BLK_H */
diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index 0eaf6bf..b78352b 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh(void *opaque)
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(s);
 
     if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
-        virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane);
+        virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, s->vq);
     } else {
         virtio_notify(vdev, s->vq);
     }
-- 
2.5.5

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 3/9] virtio-blk: associate request with a virtqueue

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

Multiqueue requires that each request knows to which virtqueue it
belongs.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 16 +++++++++-------
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h |  4 +++-
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index b78352b..f79d1c9 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -29,9 +29,11 @@
 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-bus.h"
 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-access.h"
 
-void virtio_blk_init_request(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtIOBlockReq *req)
+void virtio_blk_init_request(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq,
+                             VirtIOBlockReq *req)
 {
     req->dev = s;
+    req->vq = vq;
     req->qiov.size = 0;
     req->in_len = 0;
     req->next = NULL;
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status)
     trace_virtio_blk_req_complete(req, status);
 
     stb_p(&req->in->status, status);
-    virtqueue_push(s->vq, &req->elem, req->in_len);
+    virtqueue_push(req->vq, &req->elem, req->in_len);
     qemu_bh_schedule(s->batch_notify_bh);
 }
 
@@ -204,12 +206,12 @@ out:
 
 #endif
 
-static VirtIOBlockReq *virtio_blk_get_request(VirtIOBlock *s)
+static VirtIOBlockReq *virtio_blk_get_request(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq)
 {
-    VirtIOBlockReq *req = virtqueue_pop(s->vq, sizeof(VirtIOBlockReq));
+    VirtIOBlockReq *req = virtqueue_pop(vq, sizeof(VirtIOBlockReq));
 
     if (req) {
-        virtio_blk_init_request(s, req);
+        virtio_blk_init_request(s, vq, req);
     }
     return req;
 }
@@ -600,7 +602,7 @@ void virtio_blk_handle_vq(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq)
 
     blk_io_plug(s->blk);
 
-    while ((req = virtio_blk_get_request(s))) {
+    while ((req = virtio_blk_get_request(s, vq))) {
         virtio_blk_handle_request(req, &mrb);
     }
 
@@ -857,7 +859,7 @@ static int virtio_blk_load_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f,
     while (qemu_get_sbyte(f)) {
         VirtIOBlockReq *req;
         req = qemu_get_virtqueue_element(f, sizeof(VirtIOBlockReq));
-        virtio_blk_init_request(s, req);
+        virtio_blk_init_request(s, s->vq, req);
         req->next = s->rq;
         s->rq = req;
     }
diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
index b3834bc..9c6747d 100644
--- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ typedef struct VirtIOBlockReq {
     VirtQueueElement elem;
     int64_t sector_num;
     VirtIOBlock *dev;
+    VirtQueue *vq;
     struct virtio_blk_inhdr *in;
     struct virtio_blk_outhdr out;
     QEMUIOVector qiov;
@@ -80,7 +81,8 @@ typedef struct MultiReqBuffer {
     bool is_write;
 } MultiReqBuffer;
 
-void virtio_blk_init_request(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtIOBlockReq *req);
+void virtio_blk_init_request(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq,
+                             VirtIOBlockReq *req);
 void virtio_blk_free_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req);
 
 void virtio_blk_handle_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req, MultiReqBuffer *mrb);
-- 
2.5.5

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 4/9] virtio-blk: add VirtIOBlockConf->num_queues

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

The num_queues field is always 1 for the time being.  A later patch will
make it a configurable device property so that multiqueue can be
enabled.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 1 +
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h | 1 +
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index f79d1c9..d16a1b7 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -911,6 +911,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     s->rq = NULL;
     s->sector_mask = (s->conf.conf.logical_block_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) - 1;
 
+    conf->num_queues = 1;
     s->vq = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_blk_handle_output);
     virtio_blk_data_plane_create(vdev, conf, &s->dataplane, &err);
     if (err != NULL) {
diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
index 9c6747d..487b28d 100644
--- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ struct VirtIOBlkConf
     uint32_t scsi;
     uint32_t config_wce;
     uint32_t request_merging;
+    uint16_t num_queues;
 };
 
 struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane;
-- 
2.5.5

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 5/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

The batch notification BH needs to know which virtqueues to notify when
multiqueue is enabled.  Use a bitmap to track the virtqueues that with
pending notifications.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 20 ++++++++++++++++----
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h |  1 +
 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index d16a1b7..ab0f589 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -54,11 +54,19 @@ static void virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh(void *opaque)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = opaque;
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(s);
+    unsigned nvqs = s->conf.num_queues;
+    unsigned i = 0;
 
-    if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
-        virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, s->vq);
-    } else {
-        virtio_notify(vdev, s->vq);
+    while ((i = find_next_bit(s->batch_notify_vqs, nvqs, i)) < nvqs) {
+        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, i);
+
+        bitmap_clear(s->batch_notify_vqs, i, 1);
+
+        if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
+            virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, vq);
+        } else {
+            virtio_notify(vdev, vq);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -77,6 +85,8 @@ static void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status)
 
     stb_p(&req->in->status, status);
     virtqueue_push(req->vq, &req->elem, req->in_len);
+
+    bitmap_set(s->batch_notify_vqs, virtio_queue_get_id(req->vq), 1);
     qemu_bh_schedule(s->batch_notify_bh);
 }
 
@@ -922,6 +932,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 
     s->batch_notify_bh = aio_bh_new(blk_get_aio_context(s->blk),
                                     virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh, s);
+    s->batch_notify_vqs = bitmap_new(conf->num_queues);
 
     s->change = qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(virtio_blk_dma_restart_cb, s);
     register_savevm(dev, "virtio-blk", virtio_blk_id++, 2,
@@ -938,6 +949,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(dev);
 
     qemu_bh_delete(s->batch_notify_bh);
+    g_free(s->batch_notify_vqs);
     virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(s->dataplane);
     s->dataplane = NULL;
     qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(s->change);
diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
index 487b28d..b6e7860 100644
--- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
     void *rq;
     QEMUBH *bh;
     QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
+    unsigned long *batch_notify_vqs;
     VirtIOBlkConf conf;
     unsigned short sector_mask;
     bool original_wce;
-- 
2.5.5

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 5/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify

[Paolo Bonzini]

On 21/05/2016 01:40, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
> +    while ((i = find_next_bit(s->batch_notify_vqs, nvqs, i)) < nvqs) {
> +        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, i);
> +
> +        bitmap_clear(s->batch_notify_vqs, i, 1);

clear_bit?

> +        if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
> +            virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, vq);
> +        } else {
> +            virtio_notify(vdev, vq);
> +        }

The find_next_bit loop is not very efficient and could use something
similar to commit 41074f3 ("omap_intc: convert ffs(3) to ctz32() in
omap_inth_sir_update()", 2015-04-28).  But it can be improved later.

Thanks,

Paolo

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 5/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 860 bytes --]

On Sat, May 21, 2016 at 06:02:52PM +0200, Paolo Bonzini wrote:
> 
> 
> On 21/05/2016 01:40, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
> > +    while ((i = find_next_bit(s->batch_notify_vqs, nvqs, i)) < nvqs) {
> > +        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, i);
> > +
> > +        bitmap_clear(s->batch_notify_vqs, i, 1);
> 
> clear_bit?

Ignorance on my part.  Thanks!

> > +        if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
> > +            virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, vq);
> > +        } else {
> > +            virtio_notify(vdev, vq);
> > +        }
> 
> The find_next_bit loop is not very efficient and could use something
> similar to commit 41074f3 ("omap_intc: convert ffs(3) to ctz32() in
> omap_inth_sir_update()", 2015-04-28).  But it can be improved later.

Cool, will try that for inspiration in v2.

Stefan

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Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 5/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify

[Fam Zheng]

On Fri, 05/20 16:40, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
> The batch notification BH needs to know which virtqueues to notify when
> multiqueue is enabled.  Use a bitmap to track the virtqueues that with
> pending notifications.

This approach works great as long as VQs are in the same iothread. An
alternative way would be using separate BH per VQ, which will naturely work with
multi queue block layer in the future.  Should we just go for that in the first
place?  Seems less code churn, and no imaginable disadvantage compared to this
patch.

Fam

> 
> Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
> ---
>  hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 20 ++++++++++++++++----
>  include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h |  1 +
>  2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
> index d16a1b7..ab0f589 100644
> --- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
> +++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
> @@ -54,11 +54,19 @@ static void virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh(void *opaque)
>  {
>      VirtIOBlock *s = opaque;
>      VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(s);
> +    unsigned nvqs = s->conf.num_queues;
> +    unsigned i = 0;
>  
> -    if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
> -        virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, s->vq);
> -    } else {
> -        virtio_notify(vdev, s->vq);
> +    while ((i = find_next_bit(s->batch_notify_vqs, nvqs, i)) < nvqs) {
> +        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, i);
> +
> +        bitmap_clear(s->batch_notify_vqs, i, 1);
> +
> +        if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
> +            virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, vq);
> +        } else {
> +            virtio_notify(vdev, vq);
> +        }
>      }
>  }
>  
> @@ -77,6 +85,8 @@ static void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status)
>  
>      stb_p(&req->in->status, status);
>      virtqueue_push(req->vq, &req->elem, req->in_len);
> +
> +    bitmap_set(s->batch_notify_vqs, virtio_queue_get_id(req->vq), 1);
>      qemu_bh_schedule(s->batch_notify_bh);
>  }
>  
> @@ -922,6 +932,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
>  
>      s->batch_notify_bh = aio_bh_new(blk_get_aio_context(s->blk),
>                                      virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh, s);
> +    s->batch_notify_vqs = bitmap_new(conf->num_queues);
>  
>      s->change = qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(virtio_blk_dma_restart_cb, s);
>      register_savevm(dev, "virtio-blk", virtio_blk_id++, 2,
> @@ -938,6 +949,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
>      VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(dev);
>  
>      qemu_bh_delete(s->batch_notify_bh);
> +    g_free(s->batch_notify_vqs);
>      virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(s->dataplane);
>      s->dataplane = NULL;
>      qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(s->change);
> diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
> index 487b28d..b6e7860 100644
> --- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
> +++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
> @@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
>      void *rq;
>      QEMUBH *bh;
>      QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
> +    unsigned long *batch_notify_vqs;
>      VirtIOBlkConf conf;
>      unsigned short sector_mask;
>      bool original_wce;
> -- 
> 2.5.5
> 

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 5/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify

[Paolo Bonzini]

On 23/05/2016 04:43, Fam Zheng wrote:
> > The batch notification BH needs to know which virtqueues to notify when
> > multiqueue is enabled.  Use a bitmap to track the virtqueues that with
> > pending notifications.
> 
> This approach works great as long as VQs are in the same iothread. An
> alternative way would be using separate BH per VQ, which will naturely work with
> multi queue block layer in the future.  Should we just go for that in the first
> place?  Seems less code churn, and no imaginable disadvantage compared to this
> patch.

It can be slower because all BHs are walked during aio_bh_poll, not just
the scheduled ones.

Paolo

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 5/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify

[Fam Zheng]

On Mon, 05/23 10:17, Paolo Bonzini wrote:
> 
> 
> On 23/05/2016 04:43, Fam Zheng wrote:
> > > The batch notification BH needs to know which virtqueues to notify when
> > > multiqueue is enabled.  Use a bitmap to track the virtqueues that with
> > > pending notifications.
> > 
> > This approach works great as long as VQs are in the same iothread. An
> > alternative way would be using separate BH per VQ, which will naturely work with
> > multi queue block layer in the future.  Should we just go for that in the first
> > place?  Seems less code churn, and no imaginable disadvantage compared to this
> > patch.
> 
> It can be slower because all BHs are walked during aio_bh_poll, not just
> the scheduled ones.
> 

OK, this is a fair point. Thanks.

Fam

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 6/9] vmstate: add VMSTATE_VARRAY_UINT32_ALLOC

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

A variable-sized array that is allocated upon load().  The size variable
is a uint32_t.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 include/migration/vmstate.h | 10 ++++++++++
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/migration/vmstate.h b/include/migration/vmstate.h
index 84ee355..1622638 100644
--- a/include/migration/vmstate.h
+++ b/include/migration/vmstate.h
@@ -386,6 +386,16 @@ extern const VMStateInfo vmstate_info_bitmap;
     .offset     = vmstate_offset_pointer(_state, _field, _type),     \
 }
 
+#define VMSTATE_VARRAY_UINT32_ALLOC(_field, _state, _field_num, _version, _info, _type) {\
+    .name       = (stringify(_field)),                               \
+    .version_id = (_version),                                        \
+    .num_offset = vmstate_offset_value(_state, _field_num, uint32_t),\
+    .info       = &(_info),                                          \
+    .size       = sizeof(_type),                                     \
+    .flags      = VMS_VARRAY_UINT32|VMS_POINTER|VMS_ALLOC,           \
+    .offset     = vmstate_offset_pointer(_state, _field, _type),     \
+}
+
 #define VMSTATE_VARRAY_UINT16_UNSAFE(_field, _state, _field_num, _version, _info, _type) {\
     .name       = (stringify(_field)),                               \
     .version_id = (_version),                                        \
-- 
2.5.5

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 7/9] virtio-blk: live migrate s->rq with multiqueue

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

Each request in s->rq belongs to a virtqueue.  When multiqueue is
enabled we can no longer default to the first virtqueue.  Explicitly
migrate virtqueue indices when needed.

The migration stream looks like this:

  [s->rq][mq_rq_indices, ~QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION][virtio subsections]

This patch adds the mq_rq_indices subsection.  A terminator byte
(~QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION) must be emitted after the subsection since the
generic virtio subsections follow and vmstate_load_state() would attempt
to load them too.

This change preserves migration compatibility as follows:

1. Old -> new: multiqueue is not be enabled so the mq_rq_indices
   subsection is not in the migration stream.  virtio_blk_load_device()
   attempts to load subsections but fails since any subsection is a
   generic virtio subsection and we continue.  The generic virtio code
   will then load the subsection that we failed to load.

2. New -> old: when multiqueue is disabled the migration stream is
   unchanged and therefore compatible.  When multiqueue is enabled the
   generic virtio subsection loading safely fails when it hits
   virtio_blk/mq_rq_indices.

In summary, the only failure case is when multiqueue is enabled in a new
QEMU and we migrate to an old QEMU.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 123 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h |   5 ++
 2 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index ab0f589..64b4185 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include "qemu-common.h"
 #include "qemu/iov.h"
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
+#include "migration/migration.h"
 #include "trace.h"
 #include "hw/block/block.h"
 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
@@ -823,6 +824,42 @@ static void virtio_blk_set_status(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t status)
     }
 }
 
+static bool virtio_blk_mq_rq_indices_needed(void *opaque)
+{
+    VirtIOBlock *s = opaque;
+
+    return s->conf.num_queues && s->rq;
+}
+
+/* Array of virtqueue indices for requests in s->rq */
+static const VMStateDescription vmstate_virtio_blk_mq_rq_indices = {
+    .name = "virtio_blk/mq_rq_indices",
+    .version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
+    .needed = virtio_blk_mq_rq_indices_needed,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(num_rq, VirtIOBlock),
+        VMSTATE_VARRAY_UINT32_ALLOC(mq_rq_indices, VirtIOBlock, num_rq, 1,
+                                    vmstate_info_uint32, uint32_t),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    }
+};
+
+static const VMStateDescription virtio_blk_vmstate = {
+    .name = "virtio_blk",
+    .version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    },
+    .subsections = (const VMStateDescription * []) {
+        &vmstate_virtio_blk_mq_rq_indices,
+        NULL
+    }
+};
+
 static void virtio_blk_save(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
 {
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(opaque);
@@ -842,12 +879,36 @@ static void virtio_blk_save_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f)
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
     VirtIOBlockReq *req = s->rq;
 
+    s->num_rq = 0;
     while (req) {
         qemu_put_sbyte(f, 1);
         qemu_put_virtqueue_element(f, &req->elem);
         req = req->next;
+        s->num_rq++;
     }
     qemu_put_sbyte(f, 0);
+
+    /* In order to distinguish virtio-blk subsections from the generic virtio
+     * device subsections that follow we emit a terminating byte.  Old versions
+     * of QEMU don't expect the terminating byte so, for compatibility, only
+     * write it when virtio-blk subsections are needed.
+     */
+    if (virtio_blk_mq_rq_indices_needed(s)) {
+        uint32_t i;
+
+        s->mq_rq_indices = g_new(uint32_t, s->num_rq);
+        req = s->rq;
+        for (i = 0; i < s->num_rq; i++) {
+            s->mq_rq_indices[i] = virtio_get_queue_index(req->vq);
+            req = req->next;
+        }
+
+        vmstate_save_state(f, &virtio_blk_vmstate, s, NULL);
+        qemu_put_ubyte(f, ~QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION);
+
+        g_free(s->mq_rq_indices);
+        s->mq_rq_indices = NULL;
+    }
 }
 
 static int virtio_blk_load(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, int version_id)
@@ -865,16 +926,68 @@ static int virtio_blk_load_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f,
                                   int version_id)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
+    VirtQueue *vq0 = virtio_get_queue(vdev, 0);
+    VirtIOBlockReq **tailp = (VirtIOBlockReq **)&s->rq;
+    VirtIOBlockReq *req;
+    uint32_t num_rq = 0;
+    int ret;
 
     while (qemu_get_sbyte(f)) {
-        VirtIOBlockReq *req;
         req = qemu_get_virtqueue_element(f, sizeof(VirtIOBlockReq));
-        virtio_blk_init_request(s, s->vq, req);
-        req->next = s->rq;
-        s->rq = req;
+
+        /* Virtqueue is adjusted by a subsection in the multiqueue case */
+        virtio_blk_init_request(s, vq0, req);
+
+        *tailp = req;
+        tailp = &req->next;
+        num_rq++;
+    }
+
+    s->num_rq = 0;
+    s->mq_rq_indices = NULL;
+    ret = vmstate_load_state(f, &virtio_blk_vmstate, s, 1);
+    if (ret == 0) {
+        uint32_t i;
+
+        if (qemu_peek_byte(f, 0) != (uint8_t)~QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION) {
+            if (s->num_rq != 0) {
+                ret = -EINVAL; /* unexpected terminator byte */
+            } else {
+                ret = 0; /* no subsection for us or generic virtio */
+            }
+            goto out;
+        }
+        qemu_file_skip(f, 1);
+
+        if (num_rq != s->num_rq) {
+            ret = -EINVAL;
+            goto out;
+        }
+
+        req = s->rq;
+        for (i = 0; i < num_rq; i++) {
+            uint32_t idx = s->mq_rq_indices[i];
+
+            if (idx >= s->conf.num_queues) {
+                ret = -EINVAL;
+                goto out;
+            }
+
+            req->vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, idx);
+            req = req->next;
+        }
+    } else if (ret == -ENOENT) {
+        /* This could be the generic virtio subsections, ignore and let the
+         * virtio code have a try.  If that fails too then load will really
+         * fail.
+         */
+        ret = 0;
     }
 
-    return 0;
+out:
+    g_free(s->mq_rq_indices);
+    s->mq_rq_indices = NULL;
+    return ret;
 }
 
 static void virtio_blk_resize(void *opaque)
diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
index b6e7860..0bf9ebc 100644
--- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
@@ -49,6 +49,11 @@ typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
     BlockBackend *blk;
     VirtQueue *vq;
     void *rq;
+
+    /* The following two fields are used only during save/load */
+    uint32_t num_rq;
+    uint32_t *mq_rq_indices;
+
     QEMUBH *bh;
     QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
     unsigned long *batch_notify_vqs;
-- 
2.5.5

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 7/9] virtio-blk: live migrate s->rq with multiqueue

[Paolo Bonzini]

On 21/05/2016 01:40, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
>      while (req) {
>          qemu_put_sbyte(f, 1);

Could you just put an extra 32-bit queue id here if num_queues > 1?  A
guest with num_queues > 1 cannot be started on pre-2.7 QEMU, so you can
change the migration format (if virtio were using vmstate, it would be a
VMSTATE_UINT32_TEST).

Thanks,

Paolo

>          qemu_put_virtqueue_element(f, &req->elem);
>          req = req->next;
> +        s->num_rq++;
>      }
>      qemu_put_sbyte(f, 0);
> +
> +    /* In order to distinguish virtio-blk subsections from the generic virtio
> +     * device subsections that follow we emit a terminating byte.  Old versions
> +     * of QEMU don't expect the terminating byte so, for compatibility, only
> +     * write it when virtio-blk subsections are needed.
> +     */
> +    if (virtio_blk_mq_rq_indices_needed(s)) {
> +        uint32_t i;
> +
> +        s->mq_rq_indices = g_new(uint32_t, s->num_rq);
> +        req = s->rq;
> +        for (i = 0; i < s->num_rq; i++) {
> +            s->mq_rq_indices[i] = virtio_get_queue_index(req->vq);
> +            req = req->next;
> +        }
> +
> +        vmstate_save_state(f, &virtio_blk_vmstate, s, NULL);
> +        qemu_put_ubyte(f, ~QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION);
> +
> +        g_free(s->mq_rq_indices);
> +        s->mq_rq_indices = NULL;

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 7/9] virtio-blk: live migrate s->rq with multiqueue

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 718 bytes --]

On Sat, May 21, 2016 at 05:37:27PM +0200, Paolo Bonzini wrote:
> 
> 
> On 21/05/2016 01:40, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
> >      while (req) {
> >          qemu_put_sbyte(f, 1);
> 
> Could you just put an extra 32-bit queue id here if num_queues > 1?  A
> guest with num_queues > 1 cannot be started on pre-2.7 QEMU, so you can
> change the migration format (if virtio were using vmstate, it would be a
> VMSTATE_UINT32_TEST).

That's a good point: the same command-line would not work on old QEMU so
there is no possibility of new->old migration in the first place!

Your solution is much simpler than my hack (which took me a long time to
find and I was kind of proud of).  Will change for v2.

Stefan

[-- Attachment #2: signature.asc --]
[-- Type: application/pgp-signature, Size: 473 bytes --]

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 8/9] virtio-blk: dataplane multiqueue support

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

Monitor ioeventfds for all virtqueues in the device's AioContext.  This
is not true multiqueue because requests from all virtqueues are
processed in a single IOThread.  In the future it will be possible to
use multiple IOThreads when the QEMU block layer supports multiqueue.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
index 592aa95..48c0bb7 100644
--- a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane {
     bool stopping;
 
     VirtIOBlkConf *conf;
-
     VirtIODevice *vdev;
-    VirtQueue *vq;                  /* virtqueue vring */
 
     Notifier insert_notifier, remove_notifier;
 
@@ -190,6 +188,8 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(s->vdev)));
     VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(qbus);
     VirtIOBlock *vblk = VIRTIO_BLK(s->vdev);
+    unsigned i;
+    unsigned nvqs = s->conf->num_queues;
     int r;
 
     if (vblk->dataplane_started || s->starting) {
@@ -197,10 +197,9 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     }
 
     s->starting = true;
-    s->vq = virtio_get_queue(s->vdev, 0);
 
     /* Set up guest notifier (irq) */
-    r = k->set_guest_notifiers(qbus->parent, 1, true);
+    r = k->set_guest_notifiers(qbus->parent, nvqs, true);
     if (r != 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "virtio-blk failed to set guest notifier (%d), "
                 "ensure -enable-kvm is set\n", r);
@@ -208,10 +207,15 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     }
 
     /* Set up virtqueue notify */
-    r = k->set_host_notifier(qbus->parent, 0, true);
-    if (r != 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "virtio-blk failed to set host notifier (%d)\n", r);
-        goto fail_host_notifier;
+    for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
+        r = k->set_host_notifier(qbus->parent, i, true);
+        if (r != 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "virtio-blk failed to set host notifier (%d)\n", r);
+            while (i--) {
+                k->set_host_notifier(qbus->parent, i, false);
+            }
+            goto fail_guest_notifiers;
+        }
     }
 
     s->starting = false;
@@ -221,17 +225,23 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     blk_set_aio_context(s->conf->conf.blk, s->ctx);
 
     /* Kick right away to begin processing requests already in vring */
-    event_notifier_set(virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(s->vq));
+    for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
+        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(s->vdev, i);
+
+        event_notifier_set(virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(vq));
+    }
 
     /* Get this show started by hooking up our callbacks */
     aio_context_acquire(s->ctx);
-    virtio_queue_aio_set_host_notifier_handler(s->vq, s->ctx,
-                                               virtio_blk_data_plane_handle_output);
+    for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
+        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(s->vdev, i);
+
+        virtio_queue_aio_set_host_notifier_handler(vq, s->ctx,
+                virtio_blk_data_plane_handle_output);
+    }
     aio_context_release(s->ctx);
     return;
 
-  fail_host_notifier:
-    k->set_guest_notifiers(qbus->parent, 1, false);
   fail_guest_notifiers:
     vblk->dataplane_disabled = true;
     s->starting = false;
@@ -244,6 +254,8 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(s->vdev)));
     VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(qbus);
     VirtIOBlock *vblk = VIRTIO_BLK(s->vdev);
+    unsigned i;
+    unsigned nvqs = s->conf->num_queues;
 
     if (!vblk->dataplane_started || s->stopping) {
         return;
@@ -261,17 +273,23 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     aio_context_acquire(s->ctx);
 
     /* Stop notifications for new requests from guest */
-    virtio_queue_aio_set_host_notifier_handler(s->vq, s->ctx, NULL);
+    for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
+        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(s->vdev, i);
+
+        virtio_queue_aio_set_host_notifier_handler(vq, s->ctx, NULL);
+    }
 
     /* Drain and switch bs back to the QEMU main loop */
     blk_set_aio_context(s->conf->conf.blk, qemu_get_aio_context());
 
     aio_context_release(s->ctx);
 
-    k->set_host_notifier(qbus->parent, 0, false);
+    for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
+        k->set_host_notifier(qbus->parent, i, false);
+    }
 
     /* Clean up guest notifier (irq) */
-    k->set_guest_notifiers(qbus->parent, 1, false);
+    k->set_guest_notifiers(qbus->parent, nvqs, false);
 
     vblk->dataplane_started = false;
     s->stopping = false;
-- 
2.5.5

[Qemu-devel] [PATCH 9/9] virtio-blk: add num-queues device property

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

Multiqueue virtio-blk can be enabled as follows:

  qemu -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=8

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
---
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 15 +++++++++++++--
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h |  1 -
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index 64b4185..383e060 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -740,6 +740,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_update_config(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t *config)
     blkcfg.physical_block_exp = get_physical_block_exp(conf);
     blkcfg.alignment_offset = 0;
     blkcfg.wce = blk_enable_write_cache(s->blk);
+    virtio_stw_p(vdev, &blkcfg.num_queues, s->conf.num_queues);
     memcpy(config, &blkcfg, sizeof(struct virtio_blk_config));
 }
 
@@ -783,6 +784,9 @@ static uint64_t virtio_blk_get_features(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint64_t features,
     if (blk_is_read_only(s->blk)) {
         virtio_add_feature(&features, VIRTIO_BLK_F_RO);
     }
+    if (s->conf.num_queues > 1) {
+        virtio_add_feature(&features, VIRTIO_BLK_F_MQ);
+    }
 
     return features;
 }
@@ -1008,6 +1012,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     VirtIOBlkConf *conf = &s->conf;
     Error *err = NULL;
     static int virtio_blk_id;
+    unsigned i;
 
     if (!conf->conf.blk) {
         error_setg(errp, "drive property not set");
@@ -1017,6 +1022,10 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         error_setg(errp, "Device needs media, but drive is empty");
         return;
     }
+    if (!conf->num_queues) {
+        error_setg(errp, "num-queues property must be larger than 0");
+        return;
+    }
 
     blkconf_serial(&conf->conf, &conf->serial);
     s->original_wce = blk_enable_write_cache(conf->conf.blk);
@@ -1034,8 +1043,9 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     s->rq = NULL;
     s->sector_mask = (s->conf.conf.logical_block_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) - 1;
 
-    conf->num_queues = 1;
-    s->vq = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_blk_handle_output);
+    for (i = 0; i < conf->num_queues; i++) {
+        virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_blk_handle_output);
+    }
     virtio_blk_data_plane_create(vdev, conf, &s->dataplane, &err);
     if (err != NULL) {
         error_propagate(errp, err);
@@ -1094,6 +1104,7 @@ static Property virtio_blk_properties[] = {
 #endif
     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("request-merging", VirtIOBlock, conf.request_merging, 0,
                     true),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT16("num-queues", VirtIOBlock, conf.num_queues, 1),
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
 };
 
diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
index 0bf9ebc..06148ea 100644
--- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ struct VirtIOBlockReq;
 typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
     VirtIODevice parent_obj;
     BlockBackend *blk;
-    VirtQueue *vq;
     void *rq;
 
     /* The following two fields are used only during save/load */
-- 
2.5.5

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 0/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue support

[Christian Borntraeger]

On 05/21/2016 01:40 AM, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
> The virtio_blk guest driver has supported multiple virtqueues since Linux 3.17.
> This patch series adds multiple virtqueues to QEMU's virtio-blk emulated
> device.
> 
> Ming Lei sent patches previously but these were not merged.  This series
> implements virtio-blk multiqueue for QEMU from scratch since the codebase has
> changed.  Live migration support for s->rq was also missing from the previous
> series and has been added.
> 
> It's important to note that QEMU's block layer does not support multiqueue yet.
> Therefore virtio-blk device processes all virtqueues in the same AioContext
> (IOThread).  Further work is necessary to take advantage of multiqueue support
> in QEMU's block layer once it becomes available.
> 
> I will post performance results once they are ready.
> 
> Stefan Hajnoczi (9):
>   virtio-blk: use batch notify in non-dataplane case
>   virtio-blk: tell dataplane which vq to notify
>   virtio-blk: associate request with a virtqueue
>   virtio-blk: add VirtIOBlockConf->num_queues
>   virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify
>   vmstate: add VMSTATE_VARRAY_UINT32_ALLOC
>   virtio-blk: live migrate s->rq with multiqueue
>   virtio-blk: dataplane multiqueue support
>   virtio-blk: add num-queues device property
> 
>  hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c |  68 +++++++-------
>  hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h |   2 +-
>  hw/block/virtio-blk.c           | 200 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
>  include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h  |  13 ++-
>  include/migration/vmstate.h     |  10 ++
>  5 files changed, 241 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
> 

With 2.6 I see 2 host threads consuming a CPU when running fio in a single CPU
guest with a null-blk device and iothread for that disk. (the vcpu thread and
the iothread). With this patchset the main thread also consumes almost 80% of a
CPU doing polling in main_loop_wait. I have not even changes the num-queues 
values.

So in essence 3 vs 2 host cpus.

Christian

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 0/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue support

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2303 bytes --]

On Tue, May 24, 2016 at 02:51:04PM +0200, Christian Borntraeger wrote:
> On 05/21/2016 01:40 AM, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
> > The virtio_blk guest driver has supported multiple virtqueues since Linux 3.17.
> > This patch series adds multiple virtqueues to QEMU's virtio-blk emulated
> > device.
> > 
> > Ming Lei sent patches previously but these were not merged.  This series
> > implements virtio-blk multiqueue for QEMU from scratch since the codebase has
> > changed.  Live migration support for s->rq was also missing from the previous
> > series and has been added.
> > 
> > It's important to note that QEMU's block layer does not support multiqueue yet.
> > Therefore virtio-blk device processes all virtqueues in the same AioContext
> > (IOThread).  Further work is necessary to take advantage of multiqueue support
> > in QEMU's block layer once it becomes available.
> > 
> > I will post performance results once they are ready.
> > 
> > Stefan Hajnoczi (9):
> >   virtio-blk: use batch notify in non-dataplane case
> >   virtio-blk: tell dataplane which vq to notify
> >   virtio-blk: associate request with a virtqueue
> >   virtio-blk: add VirtIOBlockConf->num_queues
> >   virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify
> >   vmstate: add VMSTATE_VARRAY_UINT32_ALLOC
> >   virtio-blk: live migrate s->rq with multiqueue
> >   virtio-blk: dataplane multiqueue support
> >   virtio-blk: add num-queues device property
> > 
> >  hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c |  68 +++++++-------
> >  hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h |   2 +-
> >  hw/block/virtio-blk.c           | 200 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
> >  include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h  |  13 ++-
> >  include/migration/vmstate.h     |  10 ++
> >  5 files changed, 241 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
> > 
> 
> With 2.6 I see 2 host threads consuming a CPU when running fio in a single CPU
> guest with a null-blk device and iothread for that disk. (the vcpu thread and
> the iothread). With this patchset the main thread also consumes almost 80% of a
> CPU doing polling in main_loop_wait. I have not even changes the num-queues 
> values.
> 
> So in essence 3 vs 2 host cpus.

Do you know which patch causes this?  Patch 1 maybe?

I will take a look for v2.  Thanks for the heads up.

Stefan

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Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 0/9] virtio-blk: multiqueue support

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2436 bytes --]

On Tue, May 24, 2016 at 02:51:04PM +0200, Christian Borntraeger wrote:
> On 05/21/2016 01:40 AM, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
> > The virtio_blk guest driver has supported multiple virtqueues since Linux 3.17.
> > This patch series adds multiple virtqueues to QEMU's virtio-blk emulated
> > device.
> > 
> > Ming Lei sent patches previously but these were not merged.  This series
> > implements virtio-blk multiqueue for QEMU from scratch since the codebase has
> > changed.  Live migration support for s->rq was also missing from the previous
> > series and has been added.
> > 
> > It's important to note that QEMU's block layer does not support multiqueue yet.
> > Therefore virtio-blk device processes all virtqueues in the same AioContext
> > (IOThread).  Further work is necessary to take advantage of multiqueue support
> > in QEMU's block layer once it becomes available.
> > 
> > I will post performance results once they are ready.
> > 
> > Stefan Hajnoczi (9):
> >   virtio-blk: use batch notify in non-dataplane case
> >   virtio-blk: tell dataplane which vq to notify
> >   virtio-blk: associate request with a virtqueue
> >   virtio-blk: add VirtIOBlockConf->num_queues
> >   virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify
> >   vmstate: add VMSTATE_VARRAY_UINT32_ALLOC
> >   virtio-blk: live migrate s->rq with multiqueue
> >   virtio-blk: dataplane multiqueue support
> >   virtio-blk: add num-queues device property
> > 
> >  hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c |  68 +++++++-------
> >  hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h |   2 +-
> >  hw/block/virtio-blk.c           | 200 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
> >  include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h  |  13 ++-
> >  include/migration/vmstate.h     |  10 ++
> >  5 files changed, 241 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
> > 
> 
> With 2.6 I see 2 host threads consuming a CPU when running fio in a single CPU
> guest with a null-blk device and iothread for that disk. (the vcpu thread and
> the iothread). With this patchset the main thread also consumes almost 80% of a
> CPU doing polling in main_loop_wait. I have not even changes the num-queues 
> values.
> 
> So in essence 3 vs 2 host cpus.

I see the performance regression as well.  It is caused by Patch 1 and
there is a simple explanation: I broke dataplane because the BH is in
the main loop AioContext and not the dataplane AioContext.

Thanks for spotting this, Christian!

Stefan

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[Qemu-devel] [RFC] virtio-blk: simple multithreaded MQ implementation for bdrv_raw

[Roman Pen]

Hello, all.

This is RFC because mostly this patch is a quick attempt to get true
multithreaded multiqueue support for a block device with native AIO.
The goal is to squeeze everything possible on lockless IO path from
MQ block on a guest to MQ block on a host.

To avoid any locks in qemu backend and not to introduce thread safety
into qemu block-layer I open same backend device several times, one
device per one MQ.  e.g. the following is the stack for a virtio-blk
with num-queues=2:

            VirtIOBlock
               /   \
     VirtQueue#0   VirtQueue#1
      IOThread#0    IOThread#1
         BH#0          BH#1
      Backend#0     Backend#1
               \   /
             /dev/null0

To group all objects related to one vq new structure is introduced:

    typedef struct VirtQueueCtx {
        BlockBackend *blk;
        struct VirtIOBlock *s;
        VirtQueue *vq;
        void *rq;
        QEMUBH *bh;
        QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
        IOThread *iothread;
        Notifier insert_notifier;
        Notifier remove_notifier;
        /* Operation blocker on BDS */
        Error *blocker;
    } VirtQueueCtx;

And VirtIOBlock includes an array of these contexts:

     typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
         VirtIODevice parent_obj;
    +    VirtQueueCtx mq[VIRTIO_QUEUE_MAX];
     ...

This patch is based on Stefan's series: "virtio-blk: multiqueue support",
with minor difference: I reverted "virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify",
which does not make a lot sense when each VQ is handled by it's own
iothread.

The qemu configuration stays the same, i.e. put num-queues=N and N
iothreads will be started on demand and N drives will be opened:

    qemu -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=8

My configuration is the following:

host:
    Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4770 CPU @ 3.40GHz,
    8 CPUs,
    /dev/nullb0 as backend with the following parameters:
      $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/submit_queues
      8
      $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/irqmode
      1

guest:
    8 VCPUs

qemu:
    -object iothread,id=t0 \
    -drive if=none,id=d0,file=/dev/nullb0,format=raw,snapshot=off,cache=none,aio=native \
    -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=$N,iothread=t0,drive=d0,disable-modern=off,disable-legacy=on

    where $N varies during the tests.

fio:
    [global]
    description=Emulation of Storage Server Access Pattern
    bssplit=512/20:1k/16:2k/9:4k/12:8k/19:16k/10:32k/8:64k/4
    fadvise_hint=0
    rw=randrw:2
    direct=1

    ioengine=libaio
    iodepth=64
    iodepth_batch_submit=64
    iodepth_batch_complete=64
    numjobs=8
    gtod_reduce=1
    group_reporting=1

    time_based=1
    runtime=30

    [job]
    filename=/dev/vda

Results:
    num-queues   RD bw      WR bw
    ----------   -----      -----

    * with 1 iothread *

    1 thr 1 mq   1225MB/s   1221MB/s
    1 thr 2 mq   1559MB/s   1553MB/s
    1 thr 4 mq   1729MB/s   1725MB/s
    1 thr 8 mq   1660MB/s   1655MB/s

    * with N iothreads *

    2 thr 2 mq   1845MB/s   1842MB/s
    4 thr 4 mq   2187MB/s   2183MB/s
    8 thr 8 mq   1383MB/s   1378MB/s

Obviously, 8 iothreads + 8 vcpu threads is too much for my machine
with 8 CPUs, but 4 iothreads show quite good result.

This patch will work only for raw block device or for non-expandable
raw image files, because it is quite clear what will happen if any
expandable image is opened and accessed from many threads :)  Also
any alignment attempts on write or zeroing blocks or what ever lead
to corruptions.

So these options 'snapshot=off,cache=none,aio=native' are specified in
a hope that it is enough to stop qemu from doing smart things and will
force it simply to forward IO request from guest to host immediately.
Fio verification test and couple of filesystem tests show that nothing
terrible has happend.

I also did an attempt to assign several AIO contexts to one BlockBackend
device in order to access one BlockBackend from many iothreads, but I
failed to finish this part in reasonable time.  Of course, my qemu block
layer experience is rather shallow and I do not see obvious ways how
to make this IO path thread-safe without changing everything all over
the place.

--
Roman

Signed-off-by: Roman Pen <roman.penyaev@profitbricks.com>
Cc: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Cc: qemu-devel@nongnu.org
---
 hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c | 163 +++++++++---------
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c           | 364 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h  |  45 ++++-
 3 files changed, 380 insertions(+), 192 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
index 48c0bb7..004d4a5 100644
--- a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
@@ -32,19 +32,6 @@ struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane {
 
     VirtIOBlkConf *conf;
     VirtIODevice *vdev;
-
-    Notifier insert_notifier, remove_notifier;
-
-    /* Note that these EventNotifiers are assigned by value.  This is
-     * fine as long as you do not call event_notifier_cleanup on them
-     * (because you don't own the file descriptor or handle; you just
-     * use it).
-     */
-    IOThread *iothread;
-    AioContext *ctx;
-
-    /* Operation blocker on BDS */
-    Error *blocker;
 };
 
 /* Raise an interrupt to signal guest, if necessary */
@@ -57,52 +44,50 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s, VirtQueue *vq)
     event_notifier_set(virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vq));
 }
 
-static void data_plane_set_up_op_blockers(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
+static void data_plane_set_up_op_blockers(VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx)
 {
-    assert(!s->blocker);
-    error_setg(&s->blocker, "block device is in use by data plane");
-    blk_op_block_all(s->conf->conf.blk, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_RESIZE, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_DRIVE_DEL, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_SOURCE, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_CHANGE, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_COMMIT_SOURCE, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_COMMIT_TARGET, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_EJECT, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_EXTERNAL_SNAPSHOT,
-                   s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT,
-                   s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT_DELETE,
-                   s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MIRROR_SOURCE, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_STREAM, s->blocker);
-    blk_op_unblock(s->conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_REPLACE, s->blocker);
+    assert(!vq_ctx->blocker);
+    error_setg(&vq_ctx->blocker, "block device is in use by data plane");
+    blk_op_block_all(vq_ctx->blk, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_RESIZE, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_DRIVE_DEL, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_SOURCE, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_CHANGE, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_COMMIT_SOURCE, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_COMMIT_TARGET, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_EJECT, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_EXTERNAL_SNAPSHOT,
+                   vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT,
+                   vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT_DELETE,
+                   vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MIRROR_SOURCE, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_STREAM, vq_ctx->blocker);
+    blk_op_unblock(vq_ctx->blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_REPLACE, vq_ctx->blocker);
 }
 
-static void data_plane_remove_op_blockers(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
+static void data_plane_remove_op_blockers(VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx)
 {
-    if (s->blocker) {
-        blk_op_unblock_all(s->conf->conf.blk, s->blocker);
-        error_free(s->blocker);
-        s->blocker = NULL;
+    if (vq_ctx->blocker) {
+        blk_op_unblock_all(vq_ctx->blk, vq_ctx->blocker);
+        error_free(vq_ctx->blocker);
+        vq_ctx->blocker = NULL;
     }
 }
 
 static void data_plane_blk_insert_notifier(Notifier *n, void *data)
 {
-    VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s = container_of(n, VirtIOBlockDataPlane,
-                                           insert_notifier);
-    assert(s->conf->conf.blk == data);
-    data_plane_set_up_op_blockers(s);
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = container_of(n, VirtQueueCtx, insert_notifier);
+
+    data_plane_set_up_op_blockers(vq_ctx);
 }
 
 static void data_plane_blk_remove_notifier(Notifier *n, void *data)
 {
-    VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s = container_of(n, VirtIOBlockDataPlane,
-                                           remove_notifier);
-    assert(s->conf->conf.blk == data);
-    data_plane_remove_op_blockers(s);
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = container_of(n, VirtQueueCtx, remove_notifier);
+
+    data_plane_remove_op_blockers(vq_ctx);
 }
 
 /* Context: QEMU global mutex held */
@@ -111,6 +96,10 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *conf,
                                   Error **errp)
 {
     VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
+    VirtIOBlock *vblk = (VirtIOBlock *)vdev;
+    /* Use first block, others should be the same */
+    BlockBackend *blk0 = vblk->mq[0].blk;
     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(vdev)));
     VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(qbus);
 
@@ -131,7 +120,7 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *conf,
     /* If dataplane is (re-)enabled while the guest is running there could be
      * block jobs that can conflict.
      */
-    if (blk_op_is_blocked(conf->conf.blk, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_DATAPLANE, errp)) {
+    if (blk_op_is_blocked(blk0, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_DATAPLANE, errp)) {
         error_prepend(errp, "cannot start dataplane thread: ");
         return;
     }
@@ -141,17 +130,19 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *conf,
     s->conf = conf;
 
     if (conf->iothread) {
-        s->iothread = conf->iothread;
-        object_ref(OBJECT(s->iothread));
-    }
-    s->ctx = iothread_get_aio_context(s->iothread);
+        int i;
 
-    s->insert_notifier.notify = data_plane_blk_insert_notifier;
-    s->remove_notifier.notify = data_plane_blk_remove_notifier;
-    blk_add_insert_bs_notifier(conf->conf.blk, &s->insert_notifier);
-    blk_add_remove_bs_notifier(conf->conf.blk, &s->remove_notifier);
+        for (i = 0; i < conf->num_queues; i++)
+            object_ref(OBJECT(conf->iothreads_arr[i]));
+    }
 
-    data_plane_set_up_op_blockers(s);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(vblk, vq_ctx) {
+        vq_ctx->insert_notifier.notify = data_plane_blk_insert_notifier;
+        vq_ctx->remove_notifier.notify = data_plane_blk_remove_notifier;
+        blk_add_insert_bs_notifier(vq_ctx->blk, &vq_ctx->insert_notifier);
+        blk_add_remove_bs_notifier(vq_ctx->blk, &vq_ctx->remove_notifier);
+        data_plane_set_up_op_blockers(vq_ctx);
+    }
 
     *dataplane = s;
 }
@@ -159,15 +150,22 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *conf,
 /* Context: QEMU global mutex held */
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
 {
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
+    VirtIOBlock *vblk = (VirtIOBlock *)s->vdev;
+    int i;
+
     if (!s) {
         return;
     }
 
     virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(s);
-    data_plane_remove_op_blockers(s);
-    notifier_remove(&s->insert_notifier);
-    notifier_remove(&s->remove_notifier);
-    object_unref(OBJECT(s->iothread));
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(vblk, vq_ctx) {
+        data_plane_remove_op_blockers(vq_ctx);
+        notifier_remove(&vq_ctx->insert_notifier);
+        notifier_remove(&vq_ctx->remove_notifier);
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < s->conf->num_queues; i++)
+        object_unref(OBJECT(s->conf->iothreads_arr[i]));
     g_free(s);
 }
 
@@ -188,9 +186,9 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(s->vdev)));
     VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(qbus);
     VirtIOBlock *vblk = VIRTIO_BLK(s->vdev);
-    unsigned i;
     unsigned nvqs = s->conf->num_queues;
-    int r;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
+    int r, i;
 
     if (vblk->dataplane_started || s->starting) {
         return;
@@ -222,24 +220,24 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     vblk->dataplane_started = true;
     trace_virtio_blk_data_plane_start(s);
 
-    blk_set_aio_context(s->conf->conf.blk, s->ctx);
-
     /* Kick right away to begin processing requests already in vring */
-    for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
-        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(s->vdev, i);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(vblk, vq_ctx) {
+        AioContext *ctx = iothread_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->iothread);
 
-        event_notifier_set(virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(vq));
+        blk_set_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk, ctx);
+        event_notifier_set(virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(vq_ctx->vq));
     }
 
     /* Get this show started by hooking up our callbacks */
-    aio_context_acquire(s->ctx);
-    for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
-        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(s->vdev, i);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(vblk, vq_ctx) {
+        AioContext *ctx = iothread_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->iothread);
+        VirtQueue *vq = vq_ctx->vq;
 
-        virtio_queue_aio_set_host_notifier_handler(vq, s->ctx,
+        aio_context_acquire(ctx);
+        virtio_queue_aio_set_host_notifier_handler(vq, ctx,
                 virtio_blk_data_plane_handle_output);
+        aio_context_release(ctx);
     }
-    aio_context_release(s->ctx);
     return;
 
   fail_guest_notifiers:
@@ -254,8 +252,9 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(s->vdev)));
     VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(qbus);
     VirtIOBlock *vblk = VIRTIO_BLK(s->vdev);
-    unsigned i;
     unsigned nvqs = s->conf->num_queues;
+    unsigned i;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
 
     if (!vblk->dataplane_started || s->stopping) {
         return;
@@ -270,19 +269,19 @@ void virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
     s->stopping = true;
     trace_virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(s);
 
-    aio_context_acquire(s->ctx);
-
     /* Stop notifications for new requests from guest */
-    for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
-        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(s->vdev, i);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(vblk, vq_ctx) {
+        AioContext *ctx = iothread_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->iothread);
+        VirtQueue *vq = vq_ctx->vq;
 
-        virtio_queue_aio_set_host_notifier_handler(vq, s->ctx, NULL);
-    }
+        aio_context_acquire(ctx);
+        virtio_queue_aio_set_host_notifier_handler(vq, ctx, NULL);
 
-    /* Drain and switch bs back to the QEMU main loop */
-    blk_set_aio_context(s->conf->conf.blk, qemu_get_aio_context());
+        /* Drain and switch bs back to the QEMU main loop */
+        blk_set_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk, qemu_get_aio_context());
 
-    aio_context_release(s->ctx);
+        aio_context_release(ctx);
+    }
 
     for (i = 0; i < nvqs; i++) {
         k->set_host_notifier(qbus->parent, i, false);
diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index d885810..15604f2 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 #endif
 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-bus.h"
 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-access.h"
+#include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
+#include "block/block_int.h"
 
 void virtio_blk_init_request(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq,
                              VirtIOBlockReq *req)
@@ -53,64 +55,55 @@ void virtio_blk_free_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req)
  */
 static void virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh(void *opaque)
 {
-    VirtIOBlock *s = opaque;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = opaque;
+    VirtIOBlock *s = vq_ctx->s;
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(s);
-    unsigned nvqs = s->conf.num_queues;
-    unsigned i = 0;
-
-    while ((i = find_next_bit(s->batch_notify_vqs, nvqs, i)) < nvqs) {
-        VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, i);
-
-        bitmap_clear(s->batch_notify_vqs, i, 1);
 
-        if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
-            virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, vq);
-        } else {
-            virtio_notify(vdev, vq);
-        }
+    if (s->dataplane_started && !s->dataplane_disabled) {
+        virtio_blk_data_plane_notify(s->dataplane, vq_ctx->vq);
+    } else {
+        virtio_notify(vdev, vq_ctx->vq);
     }
 }
 
 /* Force batch notifications to run */
-static void virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(VirtIOBlock *s)
+static void virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx)
 {
-    qemu_bh_cancel(s->batch_notify_bh);
-    virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh(s);
+    qemu_bh_cancel(vq_ctx->batch_notify_bh);
+    virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh(vq_ctx);
 }
 
 static void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status)
 {
-    VirtIOBlock *s = req->dev;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(req);
 
     trace_virtio_blk_req_complete(req, status);
 
     stb_p(&req->in->status, status);
     virtqueue_push(req->vq, &req->elem, req->in_len);
-
-    bitmap_set(s->batch_notify_vqs, virtio_queue_get_id(req->vq), 1);
-    qemu_bh_schedule(s->batch_notify_bh);
+    qemu_bh_schedule(vq_ctx->batch_notify_bh);
 }
 
 static int virtio_blk_handle_rw_error(VirtIOBlockReq *req, int error,
     bool is_read)
 {
-    BlockErrorAction action = blk_get_error_action(req->dev->blk,
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(req);
+    BlockErrorAction action = blk_get_error_action(vq_ctx->blk,
                                                    is_read, error);
-    VirtIOBlock *s = req->dev;
 
     if (action == BLOCK_ERROR_ACTION_STOP) {
         /* Break the link as the next request is going to be parsed from the
          * ring again. Otherwise we may end up doing a double completion! */
         req->mr_next = NULL;
-        req->next = s->rq;
-        s->rq = req;
+        req->next = vq_ctx->rq;
+        vq_ctx->rq = req;
     } else if (action == BLOCK_ERROR_ACTION_REPORT) {
         virtio_blk_req_complete(req, VIRTIO_BLK_S_IOERR);
-        block_acct_failed(blk_get_stats(s->blk), &req->acct);
+        block_acct_failed(blk_get_stats(vq_ctx->blk), &req->acct);
         virtio_blk_free_request(req);
     }
 
-    blk_error_action(s->blk, action, is_read, error);
+    blk_error_action(vq_ctx->blk, action, is_read, error);
     return action != BLOCK_ERROR_ACTION_IGNORE;
 }
 
@@ -120,6 +113,8 @@ static void virtio_blk_rw_complete(void *opaque, int ret)
 
     while (next) {
         VirtIOBlockReq *req = next;
+        VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(req);
+
         next = req->mr_next;
         trace_virtio_blk_rw_complete(req, ret);
 
@@ -147,7 +142,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_rw_complete(void *opaque, int ret)
         }
 
         virtio_blk_req_complete(req, VIRTIO_BLK_S_OK);
-        block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(req->dev->blk), &req->acct);
+        block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(vq_ctx->blk), &req->acct);
         virtio_blk_free_request(req);
     }
 }
@@ -155,6 +150,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_rw_complete(void *opaque, int ret)
 static void virtio_blk_flush_complete(void *opaque, int ret)
 {
     VirtIOBlockReq *req = opaque;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(req);
 
     if (ret) {
         if (virtio_blk_handle_rw_error(req, -ret, 0)) {
@@ -163,7 +159,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_flush_complete(void *opaque, int ret)
     }
 
     virtio_blk_req_complete(req, VIRTIO_BLK_S_OK);
-    block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(req->dev->blk), &req->acct);
+    block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(vq_ctx->blk), &req->acct);
     virtio_blk_free_request(req);
 }
 
@@ -234,6 +230,7 @@ static int virtio_blk_handle_scsi_req(VirtIOBlockReq *req)
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(req->dev);
     VirtQueueElement *elem = &req->elem;
     VirtIOBlock *blk = req->dev;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(req);
 
 #ifdef __linux__
     int i;
@@ -316,7 +313,7 @@ static int virtio_blk_handle_scsi_req(VirtIOBlockReq *req)
     ioctl_req->hdr.sbp = elem->in_sg[elem->in_num - 3].iov_base;
     ioctl_req->hdr.mx_sb_len = elem->in_sg[elem->in_num - 3].iov_len;
 
-    acb = blk_aio_ioctl(blk->blk, SG_IO, &ioctl_req->hdr,
+    acb = blk_aio_ioctl(vq_ctx->blk, SG_IO, &ioctl_req->hdr,
                         virtio_blk_ioctl_complete, ioctl_req);
     if (!acb) {
         g_free(ioctl_req);
@@ -416,6 +413,7 @@ void virtio_blk_submit_multireq(BlockBackend *blk, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
     int i = 0, start = 0, num_reqs = 0, niov = 0, nb_sectors = 0;
     int max_xfer_len = 0;
     int64_t sector_num = 0;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
 
     if (mrb->num_reqs == 1) {
         submit_requests(blk, mrb, 0, 1, -1);
@@ -423,7 +421,8 @@ void virtio_blk_submit_multireq(BlockBackend *blk, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
         return;
     }
 
-    max_xfer_len = blk_get_max_transfer_length(mrb->reqs[0]->dev->blk);
+    vq_ctx = virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(mrb->reqs[0]);
+    max_xfer_len = blk_get_max_transfer_length(vq_ctx->blk);
     max_xfer_len = MIN_NON_ZERO(max_xfer_len, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS);
 
     qsort(mrb->reqs, mrb->num_reqs, sizeof(*mrb->reqs),
@@ -464,16 +463,18 @@ void virtio_blk_submit_multireq(BlockBackend *blk, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
 
 static void virtio_blk_handle_flush(VirtIOBlockReq *req, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
 {
-    block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(req->dev->blk), &req->acct, 0,
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(req);
+
+    block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(vq_ctx->blk), &req->acct, 0,
                      BLOCK_ACCT_FLUSH);
 
     /*
      * Make sure all outstanding writes are posted to the backing device.
      */
     if (mrb->is_write && mrb->num_reqs > 0) {
-        virtio_blk_submit_multireq(req->dev->blk, mrb);
+        virtio_blk_submit_multireq(vq_ctx->blk, mrb);
     }
-    blk_aio_flush(req->dev->blk, virtio_blk_flush_complete, req);
+    blk_aio_flush(vq_ctx->blk, virtio_blk_flush_complete, req);
 }
 
 static bool virtio_blk_sect_range_ok(VirtIOBlock *dev,
@@ -481,6 +482,8 @@ static bool virtio_blk_sect_range_ok(VirtIOBlock *dev,
 {
     uint64_t nb_sectors = size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
     uint64_t total_sectors;
+    /* Use first block, others should be the same */
+    BlockBackend *blk0 = dev->mq[0].blk;
 
     if (nb_sectors > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS) {
         return false;
@@ -491,7 +494,7 @@ static bool virtio_blk_sect_range_ok(VirtIOBlock *dev,
     if (size % dev->conf.conf.logical_block_size) {
         return false;
     }
-    blk_get_geometry(dev->blk, &total_sectors);
+    blk_get_geometry(blk0, &total_sectors);
     if (sector > total_sectors || nb_sectors > total_sectors - sector) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -505,6 +508,7 @@ void virtio_blk_handle_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
     struct iovec *iov = req->elem.out_sg;
     unsigned in_num = req->elem.in_num;
     unsigned out_num = req->elem.out_num;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(req);
 
     if (req->elem.out_num < 1 || req->elem.in_num < 1) {
         error_report("virtio-blk missing headers");
@@ -556,13 +560,13 @@ void virtio_blk_handle_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
         if (!virtio_blk_sect_range_ok(req->dev, req->sector_num,
                                       req->qiov.size)) {
             virtio_blk_req_complete(req, VIRTIO_BLK_S_IOERR);
-            block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(req->dev->blk),
+            block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(vq_ctx->blk),
                                is_write ? BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE : BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
             virtio_blk_free_request(req);
             return;
         }
 
-        block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(req->dev->blk),
+        block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(vq_ctx->blk),
                          &req->acct, req->qiov.size,
                          is_write ? BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE : BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
 
@@ -571,7 +575,7 @@ void virtio_blk_handle_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
         if (mrb->num_reqs > 0 && (mrb->num_reqs == VIRTIO_BLK_MAX_MERGE_REQS ||
                                   is_write != mrb->is_write ||
                                   !req->dev->conf.request_merging)) {
-            virtio_blk_submit_multireq(req->dev->blk, mrb);
+            virtio_blk_submit_multireq(vq_ctx->blk, mrb);
         }
 
         assert(mrb->num_reqs < VIRTIO_BLK_MAX_MERGE_REQS);
@@ -610,20 +614,21 @@ void virtio_blk_handle_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
 
 void virtio_blk_handle_vq(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq)
 {
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = virtio_vq_get_mq_ctx(s, vq);
     VirtIOBlockReq *req;
     MultiReqBuffer mrb = {};
 
-    blk_io_plug(s->blk);
+    blk_io_plug(vq_ctx->blk);
 
     while ((req = virtio_blk_get_request(s, vq))) {
         virtio_blk_handle_request(req, &mrb);
     }
 
     if (mrb.num_reqs) {
-        virtio_blk_submit_multireq(s->blk, &mrb);
+        virtio_blk_submit_multireq(vq_ctx->blk, &mrb);
     }
 
-    blk_io_unplug(s->blk);
+    blk_io_unplug(vq_ctx->blk);
 }
 
 static void virtio_blk_handle_output(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtQueue *vq)
@@ -644,14 +649,14 @@ static void virtio_blk_handle_output(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtQueue *vq)
 
 static void virtio_blk_dma_restart_bh(void *opaque)
 {
-    VirtIOBlock *s = opaque;
-    VirtIOBlockReq *req = s->rq;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx = opaque;
+    VirtIOBlockReq *req = vq_ctx->rq;
     MultiReqBuffer mrb = {};
 
-    qemu_bh_delete(s->bh);
-    s->bh = NULL;
+    qemu_bh_delete(vq_ctx->bh);
+    vq_ctx->bh = NULL;
 
-    s->rq = NULL;
+    vq_ctx->rq = NULL;
 
     while (req) {
         VirtIOBlockReq *next = req->next;
@@ -660,7 +665,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_dma_restart_bh(void *opaque)
     }
 
     if (mrb.num_reqs) {
-        virtio_blk_submit_multireq(s->blk, &mrb);
+        virtio_blk_submit_multireq(vq_ctx->blk, &mrb);
     }
 }
 
@@ -668,15 +673,19 @@ static void virtio_blk_dma_restart_cb(void *opaque, int running,
                                       RunState state)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = opaque;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
 
     if (!running) {
         return;
     }
 
-    if (!s->bh) {
-        s->bh = aio_bh_new(blk_get_aio_context(s->conf.conf.blk),
-                           virtio_blk_dma_restart_bh, s);
-        qemu_bh_schedule(s->bh);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+        if (vq_ctx->bh)
+            continue;
+
+        vq_ctx->bh = aio_bh_new(blk_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk),
+                                virtio_blk_dma_restart_bh, vq_ctx);
+        qemu_bh_schedule(vq_ctx->bh);
     }
 }
 
@@ -684,23 +693,30 @@ static void virtio_blk_reset(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
     AioContext *ctx;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
 
-    /*
-     * This should cancel pending requests, but can't do nicely until there
-     * are per-device request lists.
-     */
-    ctx = blk_get_aio_context(s->blk);
-    aio_context_acquire(ctx);
-    blk_drain(s->blk);
+    /* Acquire all aio contexts and drain all underlying backends */
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+        ctx = blk_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk);
+        aio_context_acquire(ctx);
+        blk_drain(vq_ctx->blk);
+    }
 
+    /* Stop dataplane if any */
     if (s->dataplane) {
         virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(s->dataplane);
     }
 
-    virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(s);
-    aio_context_release(ctx);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx)
+        virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(vq_ctx);
 
-    blk_set_enable_write_cache(s->blk, s->original_wce);
+    /* Release aio contexts */
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+        ctx = blk_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk);
+        aio_context_release(ctx);
+
+        blk_set_enable_write_cache(vq_ctx->blk, s->original_wce);
+    }
 }
 
 /* coalesce internal state, copy to pci i/o region 0
@@ -712,8 +728,10 @@ static void virtio_blk_update_config(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t *config)
     struct virtio_blk_config blkcfg;
     uint64_t capacity;
     int blk_size = conf->logical_block_size;
+    /* Use first block, others should be the same */
+    BlockBackend *blk0 = s->mq[0].blk;
 
-    blk_get_geometry(s->blk, &capacity);
+    blk_get_geometry(blk0, &capacity);
     memset(&blkcfg, 0, sizeof(blkcfg));
     virtio_stq_p(vdev, &blkcfg.capacity, capacity);
     virtio_stl_p(vdev, &blkcfg.seg_max, 128 - 2);
@@ -733,7 +751,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_update_config(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t *config)
      * divided by 512 - instead it is the amount of blk_size blocks
      * per track (cylinder).
      */
-    if (blk_getlength(s->blk) /  conf->heads / conf->secs % blk_size) {
+    if (blk_getlength(blk0) /  conf->heads / conf->secs % blk_size) {
         blkcfg.geometry.sectors = conf->secs & ~s->sector_mask;
     } else {
         blkcfg.geometry.sectors = conf->secs;
@@ -741,7 +759,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_update_config(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t *config)
     blkcfg.size_max = 0;
     blkcfg.physical_block_exp = get_physical_block_exp(conf);
     blkcfg.alignment_offset = 0;
-    blkcfg.wce = blk_enable_write_cache(s->blk);
+    blkcfg.wce = blk_enable_write_cache(blk0);
     virtio_stw_p(vdev, &blkcfg.num_queues, s->conf.num_queues);
     memcpy(config, &blkcfg, sizeof(struct virtio_blk_config));
 }
@@ -750,18 +768,23 @@ static void virtio_blk_set_config(VirtIODevice *vdev, const uint8_t *config)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
     struct virtio_blk_config blkcfg;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
 
     memcpy(&blkcfg, config, sizeof(blkcfg));
 
-    aio_context_acquire(blk_get_aio_context(s->blk));
-    blk_set_enable_write_cache(s->blk, blkcfg.wce != 0);
-    aio_context_release(blk_get_aio_context(s->blk));
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+        aio_context_acquire(blk_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk));
+        blk_set_enable_write_cache(vq_ctx->blk, blkcfg.wce != 0);
+        aio_context_release(blk_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk));
+    }
 }
 
 static uint64_t virtio_blk_get_features(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint64_t features,
                                         Error **errp)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
+    /* Use first block, others should be the same */
+    BlockBackend *blk0 = s->mq[0].blk;
 
     virtio_add_feature(&features, VIRTIO_BLK_F_SEG_MAX);
     virtio_add_feature(&features, VIRTIO_BLK_F_GEOMETRY);
@@ -780,10 +803,10 @@ static uint64_t virtio_blk_get_features(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint64_t features,
     if (s->conf.config_wce) {
         virtio_add_feature(&features, VIRTIO_BLK_F_CONFIG_WCE);
     }
-    if (blk_enable_write_cache(s->blk)) {
+    if (blk_enable_write_cache(blk0)) {
         virtio_add_feature(&features, VIRTIO_BLK_F_WCE);
     }
-    if (blk_is_read_only(s->blk)) {
+    if (blk_is_read_only(blk0)) {
         virtio_add_feature(&features, VIRTIO_BLK_F_RO);
     }
     if (s->conf.num_queues > 1) {
@@ -819,22 +842,33 @@ static void virtio_blk_set_status(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t status)
      *     Guest writes 1 to the WCE configuration field (writeback mode)
      *     Guest sets DRIVER_OK bit in status field
      *
-     * s->blk would erroneously be placed in writethrough mode.
+     * vq_ctx->blk would erroneously be placed in writethrough mode.
      */
     if (!virtio_vdev_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_CONFIG_WCE)) {
-        aio_context_acquire(blk_get_aio_context(s->blk));
-        blk_set_enable_write_cache(s->blk,
-                                   virtio_vdev_has_feature(vdev,
+        VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
+
+        for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+            aio_context_acquire(blk_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk));
+            blk_set_enable_write_cache(vq_ctx->blk,
+                                       virtio_vdev_has_feature(vdev,
                                                            VIRTIO_BLK_F_WCE));
-        aio_context_release(blk_get_aio_context(s->blk));
+            aio_context_release(blk_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk));
+        }
     }
 }
 
 static bool virtio_blk_mq_rq_indices_needed(void *opaque)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = opaque;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
+    bool has_rq = false;
+
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+        if ((has_rq = !!vq_ctx->rq))
+            break;
+    }
 
-    return s->conf.num_queues && s->rq;
+    return s->conf.num_queues && has_rq;
 }
 
 /* Array of virtqueue indices for requests in s->rq */
@@ -870,27 +904,35 @@ static void virtio_blk_save(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
 {
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(opaque);
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
 
     if (s->dataplane) {
         virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(s->dataplane);
     }
 
-    virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(s);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx)
+        virtio_blk_batch_notify_flush(vq_ctx);
 
     virtio_save(vdev, f);
 }
-    
+
 static void virtio_blk_save_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
-    VirtIOBlockReq *req = s->rq;
+    VirtIOBlockReq *req;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
 
     s->num_rq = 0;
-    while (req) {
-        qemu_put_sbyte(f, 1);
-        qemu_put_virtqueue_element(f, &req->elem);
-        req = req->next;
-        s->num_rq++;
+
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+        req = vq_ctx->rq;
+
+        while (req) {
+            qemu_put_sbyte(f, 1);
+            qemu_put_virtqueue_element(f, &req->elem);
+            req = req->next;
+            s->num_rq++;
+        }
     }
     qemu_put_sbyte(f, 0);
 
@@ -900,14 +942,17 @@ static void virtio_blk_save_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f)
      * write it when virtio-blk subsections are needed.
      */
     if (virtio_blk_mq_rq_indices_needed(s)) {
-        uint32_t i;
+        uint32_t i = 0;
 
         s->mq_rq_indices = g_new(uint32_t, s->num_rq);
-        req = s->rq;
-        for (i = 0; i < s->num_rq; i++) {
-            s->mq_rq_indices[i] = virtio_get_queue_index(req->vq);
-            req = req->next;
+        for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+            req = vq_ctx->rq;
+            while (req) {
+                s->mq_rq_indices[i++] = virtio_get_queue_index(req->vq);
+                req = req->next;
+            }
         }
+        assert(i == s->num_rq);
 
         vmstate_save_state(f, &virtio_blk_vmstate, s, NULL);
         qemu_put_ubyte(f, ~QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION);
@@ -933,7 +978,7 @@ static int virtio_blk_load_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f,
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
     VirtQueue *vq0 = virtio_get_queue(vdev, 0);
-    VirtIOBlockReq **tailp = (VirtIOBlockReq **)&s->rq;
+    VirtIOBlockReq **tailp = (VirtIOBlockReq **)&s->mq[0].rq;
     VirtIOBlockReq *req;
     uint32_t num_rq = 0;
     int ret;
@@ -949,6 +994,8 @@ static int virtio_blk_load_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f,
         num_rq++;
     }
 
+    tailp = NULL;
+
     s->num_rq = 0;
     s->mq_rq_indices = NULL;
     ret = vmstate_load_state(f, &virtio_blk_vmstate, s, 1);
@@ -970,7 +1017,14 @@ static int virtio_blk_load_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f,
             goto out;
         }
 
-        req = s->rq;
+        tailp = g_new(VirtIOBlockReq *, num_rq);
+        if (tailp == NULL) {
+            ret = -EINVAL;
+            goto out;
+        }
+
+        req = s->mq[0].rq;
+        s->mq[0].rq = NULL;
         for (i = 0; i < num_rq; i++) {
             uint32_t idx = s->mq_rq_indices[i];
 
@@ -980,6 +1034,15 @@ static int virtio_blk_load_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f,
             }
 
             req->vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, idx);
+            if (tailp[idx] == NULL) {
+                assert(s->mq[idx].rq == NULL);
+                s->mq[idx].rq = tailp[idx] = req;
+            } else {
+                assert(s->mq[idx].rq);
+                tailp[idx]->next = req;
+                tailp[idx] = req;
+            }
+
             req = req->next;
         }
     } else if (ret == -ENOENT) {
@@ -991,6 +1054,7 @@ static int virtio_blk_load_device(VirtIODevice *vdev, QEMUFile *f,
     }
 
 out:
+    g_free(tailp);
     g_free(s->mq_rq_indices);
     s->mq_rq_indices = NULL;
     return ret;
@@ -1007,20 +1071,100 @@ static const BlockDevOps virtio_block_ops = {
     .resize_cb = virtio_blk_resize,
 };
 
+static bool virtio_blk_dup_iothreads_and_drives(VirtIOBlock *s,
+                                                Error **errp)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(s->conf.conf.blk);
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    char *tname;
+    int i;
+
+    if (!s->conf.iothread) {
+        error_setg(errp, "at least one iothread should be specified\n");
+        return false;
+    }
+    s->conf.drives_arr[0] = s->conf.conf.blk;
+
+    if (s->conf.num_queues == 1)
+        return true;
+    if (bs->drv != &bdrv_raw) {
+        error_setg(errp, "multiqueues are supported only for raw block device\n");
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT) {
+        error_setg(errp, "multiqueues do not work with snapshots\n");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    tname = object_get_canonical_path_component(OBJECT(s->conf.iothread));
+    if (!tname) {
+        error_setg(errp, "can't get path component for s->conf.iothread");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 1; i < s->conf.num_queues; i++) {
+        IOThread *t;
+        char *id;
+
+        id = g_strdup_printf("%s_%d", tname, i);
+        if (!id) {
+            error_setg(errp, "can't allocate new thread id");
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        t = (IOThread *)user_creatable_add_type(TYPE_IOTHREAD, id,
+                                                NULL, NULL, &local_err);
+        g_free(id);
+        if (local_err) {
+            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+            goto error;
+        }
+        s->conf.iothreads_arr[i] = t;
+    }
+    for (i = 1; i < s->conf.num_queues; i++) {
+        BlockBackend *blk;
+
+        blk = blk_new_open(bs->filename, NULL, bs->full_open_options,
+                           bs->open_flags,
+                           &local_err);
+        if (!blk) {
+            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+            goto error;
+        }
+        s->conf.drives_arr[i] = blk;
+    }
+    g_free(tname);
+
+    return true;
+
+error:
+    g_free(tname);
+
+    while (i-- > 1) {
+        object_unref(OBJECT(s->conf.iothreads_arr[i]));
+        blk_unref(s->conf.drives_arr[i]);
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
 static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(dev);
     VirtIOBlkConf *conf = &s->conf;
+    /* Use first block, others should be the same */
+    BlockBackend *blk0 = s->conf.conf.blk;
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
     Error *err = NULL;
     static int virtio_blk_id;
     unsigned i;
 
-    if (!conf->conf.blk) {
+    if (!blk0) {
         error_setg(errp, "drive property not set");
         return;
     }
-    if (!blk_is_inserted(conf->conf.blk)) {
+    if (!blk_is_inserted(blk0)) {
         error_setg(errp, "Device needs media, but drive is empty");
         return;
     }
@@ -1028,9 +1172,12 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         error_setg(errp, "num-queues property must be larger than 0");
         return;
     }
+    if (!virtio_blk_dup_iothreads_and_drives(s, errp)) {
+        return;
+    }
 
     blkconf_serial(&conf->conf, &conf->serial);
-    s->original_wce = blk_enable_write_cache(conf->conf.blk);
+    s->original_wce = blk_enable_write_cache(blk0);
     blkconf_geometry(&conf->conf, NULL, 65535, 255, 255, &err);
     if (err) {
         error_propagate(errp, err);
@@ -1041,12 +1188,16 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-blk", VIRTIO_ID_BLOCK,
                 sizeof(struct virtio_blk_config));
 
-    s->blk = conf->conf.blk;
-    s->rq = NULL;
     s->sector_mask = (s->conf.conf.logical_block_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) - 1;
 
+    /* Init MQ contexts */
     for (i = 0; i < conf->num_queues; i++) {
-        virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_blk_handle_output);
+        vq_ctx = &s->mq[i];
+
+        vq_ctx->blk = s->conf.drives_arr[i];
+        vq_ctx->s   = s;
+        vq_ctx->vq  = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_blk_handle_output);
+        vq_ctx->iothread = s->conf.iothreads_arr[i];
     }
     virtio_blk_data_plane_create(vdev, conf, &s->dataplane, &err);
     if (err != NULL) {
@@ -1055,31 +1206,36 @@ static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         return;
     }
 
-    s->batch_notify_bh = aio_bh_new(blk_get_aio_context(s->blk),
-                                    virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh, s);
-    s->batch_notify_vqs = bitmap_new(conf->num_queues);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx)
+        vq_ctx->batch_notify_bh = aio_bh_new(blk_get_aio_context(vq_ctx->blk),
+                                             virtio_blk_batch_notify_bh,
+                                             vq_ctx);
 
     s->change = qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(virtio_blk_dma_restart_cb, s);
     register_savevm(dev, "virtio-blk", virtio_blk_id++, 2,
                     virtio_blk_save, virtio_blk_load, s);
-    blk_set_dev_ops(s->blk, &virtio_block_ops, s);
-    blk_set_guest_block_size(s->blk, s->conf.conf.logical_block_size);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx) {
+        blk_set_dev_ops(vq_ctx->blk, &virtio_block_ops, s);
+        blk_set_guest_block_size(vq_ctx->blk, s->conf.conf.logical_block_size);
 
-    blk_iostatus_enable(s->blk);
+        blk_iostatus_enable(vq_ctx->blk);
+    }
 }
 
 static void virtio_blk_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(dev);
+    VirtQueueCtx *vq_ctx;
 
-    qemu_bh_delete(s->batch_notify_bh);
-    g_free(s->batch_notify_vqs);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx)
+        qemu_bh_delete(vq_ctx->batch_notify_bh);
     virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(s->dataplane);
     s->dataplane = NULL;
     qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(s->change);
     unregister_savevm(dev, "virtio-blk", s);
-    blockdev_mark_auto_del(s->blk);
+    for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx)
+        blockdev_mark_auto_del(vq_ctx->blk);
     virtio_cleanup(vdev);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
index 06148ea..bce0a36 100644
--- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
@@ -33,7 +33,11 @@ struct virtio_blk_inhdr
 struct VirtIOBlkConf
 {
     BlockConf conf;
-    IOThread *iothread;
+    union {
+        IOThread *iothread; /* kept for compatibility */
+        IOThread *iothreads_arr[VIRTIO_QUEUE_MAX];
+    };
+    BlockBackend *drives_arr[VIRTIO_QUEUE_MAX];
     char *serial;
     uint32_t scsi;
     uint32_t config_wce;
@@ -41,21 +45,31 @@ struct VirtIOBlkConf
     uint16_t num_queues;
 };
 
+typedef struct VirtQueueCtx {
+    BlockBackend *blk;
+    struct VirtIOBlock *s;
+    VirtQueue *vq;
+    void *rq;
+    QEMUBH *bh;
+    QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
+    IOThread *iothread;
+    Notifier insert_notifier;
+    Notifier remove_notifier;
+    /* Operation blocker on BDS */
+    Error *blocker;
+} VirtQueueCtx;
+
 struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane;
 
 struct VirtIOBlockReq;
 typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
     VirtIODevice parent_obj;
-    BlockBackend *blk;
-    void *rq;
+    VirtQueueCtx mq[VIRTIO_QUEUE_MAX];
 
     /* The following two fields are used only during save/load */
     uint32_t num_rq;
     uint32_t *mq_rq_indices;
 
-    QEMUBH *bh;
-    QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
-    unsigned long *batch_notify_vqs;
     VirtIOBlkConf conf;
     unsigned short sector_mask;
     bool original_wce;
@@ -65,6 +79,11 @@ typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
     struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane *dataplane;
 } VirtIOBlock;
 
+#define for_each_valid_vq_ctx(s, vq_ctx)                    \
+    for (vq_ctx = &s->mq[0];                                \
+         vq_ctx < s->mq + ARRAY_SIZE(s->mq) && vq_ctx->blk; \
+         vq_ctx++)                                          \
+
 typedef struct VirtIOBlockReq {
     VirtQueueElement elem;
     int64_t sector_num;
@@ -79,6 +98,20 @@ typedef struct VirtIOBlockReq {
     BlockAcctCookie acct;
 } VirtIOBlockReq;
 
+static inline VirtQueueCtx *virtio_vq_get_mq_ctx(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq)
+{
+    uint16_t qi = virtio_get_queue_index(vq);
+
+    return &s->mq[qi];
+}
+
+static inline VirtQueueCtx *virtio_req_get_mq_ctx(VirtIOBlockReq *req)
+{
+    uint16_t qi = virtio_get_queue_index(req->vq);
+
+    return &req->dev->mq[qi];
+}
+
 #define VIRTIO_BLK_MAX_MERGE_REQS 32
 
 typedef struct MultiReqBuffer {
-- 
2.8.2

Re: [Qemu-devel] [RFC] virtio-blk: simple multithreaded MQ implementation for bdrv_raw

[Stefan Hajnoczi]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 3810 bytes --]

On Fri, May 27, 2016 at 01:55:04PM +0200, Roman Pen wrote:
> Hello, all.
> 
> This is RFC because mostly this patch is a quick attempt to get true
> multithreaded multiqueue support for a block device with native AIO.
> The goal is to squeeze everything possible on lockless IO path from
> MQ block on a guest to MQ block on a host.
> 
> To avoid any locks in qemu backend and not to introduce thread safety
> into qemu block-layer I open same backend device several times, one
> device per one MQ.  e.g. the following is the stack for a virtio-blk
> with num-queues=2:
> 
>             VirtIOBlock
>                /   \
>      VirtQueue#0   VirtQueue#1
>       IOThread#0    IOThread#1
>          BH#0          BH#1
>       Backend#0     Backend#1
>                \   /
>              /dev/null0
> 
> To group all objects related to one vq new structure is introduced:
> 
>     typedef struct VirtQueueCtx {
>         BlockBackend *blk;
>         struct VirtIOBlock *s;
>         VirtQueue *vq;
>         void *rq;
>         QEMUBH *bh;
>         QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
>         IOThread *iothread;
>         Notifier insert_notifier;
>         Notifier remove_notifier;
>         /* Operation blocker on BDS */
>         Error *blocker;
>     } VirtQueueCtx;
> 
> And VirtIOBlock includes an array of these contexts:
> 
>      typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
>          VirtIODevice parent_obj;
>     +    VirtQueueCtx mq[VIRTIO_QUEUE_MAX];
>      ...
> 
> This patch is based on Stefan's series: "virtio-blk: multiqueue support",
> with minor difference: I reverted "virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify",
> which does not make a lot sense when each VQ is handled by it's own
> iothread.
> 
> The qemu configuration stays the same, i.e. put num-queues=N and N
> iothreads will be started on demand and N drives will be opened:
> 
>     qemu -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=8
> 
> My configuration is the following:
> 
> host:
>     Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4770 CPU @ 3.40GHz,
>     8 CPUs,
>     /dev/nullb0 as backend with the following parameters:
>       $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/submit_queues
>       8
>       $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/irqmode
>       1
> 
> guest:
>     8 VCPUs
> 
> qemu:
>     -object iothread,id=t0 \
>     -drive if=none,id=d0,file=/dev/nullb0,format=raw,snapshot=off,cache=none,aio=native \
>     -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=$N,iothread=t0,drive=d0,disable-modern=off,disable-legacy=on
> 
>     where $N varies during the tests.
> 
> fio:
>     [global]
>     description=Emulation of Storage Server Access Pattern
>     bssplit=512/20:1k/16:2k/9:4k/12:8k/19:16k/10:32k/8:64k/4
>     fadvise_hint=0
>     rw=randrw:2
>     direct=1
> 
>     ioengine=libaio
>     iodepth=64
>     iodepth_batch_submit=64
>     iodepth_batch_complete=64
>     numjobs=8
>     gtod_reduce=1
>     group_reporting=1
> 
>     time_based=1
>     runtime=30
> 
>     [job]
>     filename=/dev/vda
> 
> Results:
>     num-queues   RD bw      WR bw
>     ----------   -----      -----
> 
>     * with 1 iothread *
> 
>     1 thr 1 mq   1225MB/s   1221MB/s
>     1 thr 2 mq   1559MB/s   1553MB/s
>     1 thr 4 mq   1729MB/s   1725MB/s
>     1 thr 8 mq   1660MB/s   1655MB/s
> 
>     * with N iothreads *
> 
>     2 thr 2 mq   1845MB/s   1842MB/s
>     4 thr 4 mq   2187MB/s   2183MB/s
>     8 thr 8 mq   1383MB/s   1378MB/s
> 
> Obviously, 8 iothreads + 8 vcpu threads is too much for my machine
> with 8 CPUs, but 4 iothreads show quite good result.

Cool, thanks for trying this experiment and posting results.

It's encouraging to see the improvement.  Did you use any CPU affinity
settings to co-locate vcpu and iothreads onto host CPUs?

Stefan

[-- Attachment #2: signature.asc --]
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Re: [Qemu-devel] [RFC] virtio-blk: simple multithreaded MQ implementation for bdrv_raw

[Alexandre DERUMIER]

Hi,

>>To avoid any locks in qemu backend and not to introduce thread safety
>>into qemu block-layer I open same backend device several times, one
>>device per one MQ.  e.g. the following is the stack for a virtio-blk
>>with num-queues=2:

Could it be possible in the future to not open several times the same backend ?
I'm thinking about ceph/librbd, which since last version allow only to open once a backend by default
(exclusive-lock, which is a requirement for advanced features like rbd-mirroring, fast-diff,....)

Regards,

Alexandre Derumier


----- Mail original -----
De: "Stefan Hajnoczi" <stefanha@gmail.com>
À: "Roman Pen" <roman.penyaev@profitbricks.com>
Cc: "qemu-devel" <qemu-devel@nongnu.org>, "stefanha" <stefanha@redhat.com>
Envoyé: Samedi 28 Mai 2016 00:27:10
Objet: Re: [Qemu-devel] [RFC] virtio-blk: simple multithreaded MQ implementation for bdrv_raw

On Fri, May 27, 2016 at 01:55:04PM +0200, Roman Pen wrote: 
> Hello, all. 
> 
> This is RFC because mostly this patch is a quick attempt to get true 
> multithreaded multiqueue support for a block device with native AIO. 
> The goal is to squeeze everything possible on lockless IO path from 
> MQ block on a guest to MQ block on a host. 
> 
> To avoid any locks in qemu backend and not to introduce thread safety 
> into qemu block-layer I open same backend device several times, one 
> device per one MQ. e.g. the following is the stack for a virtio-blk 
> with num-queues=2: 
> 
> VirtIOBlock 
> / \ 
> VirtQueue#0 VirtQueue#1 
> IOThread#0 IOThread#1 
> BH#0 BH#1 
> Backend#0 Backend#1 
> \ / 
> /dev/null0 
> 
> To group all objects related to one vq new structure is introduced: 
> 
> typedef struct VirtQueueCtx { 
> BlockBackend *blk; 
> struct VirtIOBlock *s; 
> VirtQueue *vq; 
> void *rq; 
> QEMUBH *bh; 
> QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh; 
> IOThread *iothread; 
> Notifier insert_notifier; 
> Notifier remove_notifier; 
> /* Operation blocker on BDS */ 
> Error *blocker; 
> } VirtQueueCtx; 
> 
> And VirtIOBlock includes an array of these contexts: 
> 
> typedef struct VirtIOBlock { 
> VirtIODevice parent_obj; 
> + VirtQueueCtx mq[VIRTIO_QUEUE_MAX]; 
> ... 
> 
> This patch is based on Stefan's series: "virtio-blk: multiqueue support", 
> with minor difference: I reverted "virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify", 
> which does not make a lot sense when each VQ is handled by it's own 
> iothread. 
> 
> The qemu configuration stays the same, i.e. put num-queues=N and N 
> iothreads will be started on demand and N drives will be opened: 
> 
> qemu -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=8 
> 
> My configuration is the following: 
> 
> host: 
> Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4770 CPU @ 3.40GHz, 
> 8 CPUs, 
> /dev/nullb0 as backend with the following parameters: 
> $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/submit_queues 
> 8 
> $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/irqmode 
> 1 
> 
> guest: 
> 8 VCPUs 
> 
> qemu: 
> -object iothread,id=t0 \ 
> -drive if=none,id=d0,file=/dev/nullb0,format=raw,snapshot=off,cache=none,aio=native \ 
> -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=$N,iothread=t0,drive=d0,disable-modern=off,disable-legacy=on 
> 
> where $N varies during the tests. 
> 
> fio: 
> [global] 
> description=Emulation of Storage Server Access Pattern 
> bssplit=512/20:1k/16:2k/9:4k/12:8k/19:16k/10:32k/8:64k/4 
> fadvise_hint=0 
> rw=randrw:2 
> direct=1 
> 
> ioengine=libaio 
> iodepth=64 
> iodepth_batch_submit=64 
> iodepth_batch_complete=64 
> numjobs=8 
> gtod_reduce=1 
> group_reporting=1 
> 
> time_based=1 
> runtime=30 
> 
> [job] 
> filename=/dev/vda 
> 
> Results: 
> num-queues RD bw WR bw 
> ---------- ----- ----- 
> 
> * with 1 iothread * 
> 
> 1 thr 1 mq 1225MB/s 1221MB/s 
> 1 thr 2 mq 1559MB/s 1553MB/s 
> 1 thr 4 mq 1729MB/s 1725MB/s 
> 1 thr 8 mq 1660MB/s 1655MB/s 
> 
> * with N iothreads * 
> 
> 2 thr 2 mq 1845MB/s 1842MB/s 
> 4 thr 4 mq 2187MB/s 2183MB/s 
> 8 thr 8 mq 1383MB/s 1378MB/s 
> 
> Obviously, 8 iothreads + 8 vcpu threads is too much for my machine 
> with 8 CPUs, but 4 iothreads show quite good result. 

Cool, thanks for trying this experiment and posting results. 

It's encouraging to see the improvement. Did you use any CPU affinity 
settings to co-locate vcpu and iothreads onto host CPUs? 

Stefan 

Re: [Qemu-devel] [RFC] virtio-blk: simple multithreaded MQ implementation for bdrv_raw

[Roman Penyaev]

On Mon, May 30, 2016 at 8:40 AM, Alexandre DERUMIER <aderumier@odiso.com> wrote:
> Hi,
>
>>>To avoid any locks in qemu backend and not to introduce thread safety
>>>into qemu block-layer I open same backend device several times, one
>>>device per one MQ.  e.g. the following is the stack for a virtio-blk
>>>with num-queues=2:
>
> Could it be possible in the future to not open several times the same backend ?

You are too fast :) I think nobody will do that in nearest future.

> I'm thinking about ceph/librbd, which since last version allow only to open once a backend by default
> (exclusive-lock, which is a requirement for advanced features like rbd-mirroring, fast-diff,....)

Consider my patch as a hack for only one reason: make true MQ support for
non-expandable file images and/or block devices to get some perf numbers
on lockless IO path.

If you are who is using block device as a backend and want to squeeze out
the IO till last drop from guest MQ bdev to host MQ bdev - feel free to
apply.  That's the only reason of this work.

--
Roman


>
> Regards,
>
> Alexandre Derumier
>
>
> ----- Mail original -----
> De: "Stefan Hajnoczi" <stefanha@gmail.com>
> À: "Roman Pen" <roman.penyaev@profitbricks.com>
> Cc: "qemu-devel" <qemu-devel@nongnu.org>, "stefanha" <stefanha@redhat.com>
> Envoyé: Samedi 28 Mai 2016 00:27:10
> Objet: Re: [Qemu-devel] [RFC] virtio-blk: simple multithreaded MQ implementation for bdrv_raw
>
> On Fri, May 27, 2016 at 01:55:04PM +0200, Roman Pen wrote:
>> Hello, all.
>>
>> This is RFC because mostly this patch is a quick attempt to get true
>> multithreaded multiqueue support for a block device with native AIO.
>> The goal is to squeeze everything possible on lockless IO path from
>> MQ block on a guest to MQ block on a host.
>>
>> To avoid any locks in qemu backend and not to introduce thread safety
>> into qemu block-layer I open same backend device several times, one
>> device per one MQ. e.g. the following is the stack for a virtio-blk
>> with num-queues=2:
>>
>> VirtIOBlock
>> / \
>> VirtQueue#0 VirtQueue#1
>> IOThread#0 IOThread#1
>> BH#0 BH#1
>> Backend#0 Backend#1
>> \ /
>> /dev/null0
>>
>> To group all objects related to one vq new structure is introduced:
>>
>> typedef struct VirtQueueCtx {
>> BlockBackend *blk;
>> struct VirtIOBlock *s;
>> VirtQueue *vq;
>> void *rq;
>> QEMUBH *bh;
>> QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
>> IOThread *iothread;
>> Notifier insert_notifier;
>> Notifier remove_notifier;
>> /* Operation blocker on BDS */
>> Error *blocker;
>> } VirtQueueCtx;
>>
>> And VirtIOBlock includes an array of these contexts:
>>
>> typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
>> VirtIODevice parent_obj;
>> + VirtQueueCtx mq[VIRTIO_QUEUE_MAX];
>> ...
>>
>> This patch is based on Stefan's series: "virtio-blk: multiqueue support",
>> with minor difference: I reverted "virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify",
>> which does not make a lot sense when each VQ is handled by it's own
>> iothread.
>>
>> The qemu configuration stays the same, i.e. put num-queues=N and N
>> iothreads will be started on demand and N drives will be opened:
>>
>> qemu -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=8
>>
>> My configuration is the following:
>>
>> host:
>> Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4770 CPU @ 3.40GHz,
>> 8 CPUs,
>> /dev/nullb0 as backend with the following parameters:
>> $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/submit_queues
>> 8
>> $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/irqmode
>> 1
>>
>> guest:
>> 8 VCPUs
>>
>> qemu:
>> -object iothread,id=t0 \
>> -drive if=none,id=d0,file=/dev/nullb0,format=raw,snapshot=off,cache=none,aio=native \
>> -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=$N,iothread=t0,drive=d0,disable-modern=off,disable-legacy=on
>>
>> where $N varies during the tests.
>>
>> fio:
>> [global]
>> description=Emulation of Storage Server Access Pattern
>> bssplit=512/20:1k/16:2k/9:4k/12:8k/19:16k/10:32k/8:64k/4
>> fadvise_hint=0
>> rw=randrw:2
>> direct=1
>>
>> ioengine=libaio
>> iodepth=64
>> iodepth_batch_submit=64
>> iodepth_batch_complete=64
>> numjobs=8
>> gtod_reduce=1
>> group_reporting=1
>>
>> time_based=1
>> runtime=30
>>
>> [job]
>> filename=/dev/vda
>>
>> Results:
>> num-queues RD bw WR bw
>> ---------- ----- -----
>>
>> * with 1 iothread *
>>
>> 1 thr 1 mq 1225MB/s 1221MB/s
>> 1 thr 2 mq 1559MB/s 1553MB/s
>> 1 thr 4 mq 1729MB/s 1725MB/s
>> 1 thr 8 mq 1660MB/s 1655MB/s
>>
>> * with N iothreads *
>>
>> 2 thr 2 mq 1845MB/s 1842MB/s
>> 4 thr 4 mq 2187MB/s 2183MB/s
>> 8 thr 8 mq 1383MB/s 1378MB/s
>>
>> Obviously, 8 iothreads + 8 vcpu threads is too much for my machine
>> with 8 CPUs, but 4 iothreads show quite good result.
>
> Cool, thanks for trying this experiment and posting results.
>
> It's encouraging to see the improvement. Did you use any CPU affinity
> settings to co-locate vcpu and iothreads onto host CPUs?
>
> Stefan

Re: [Qemu-devel] [RFC] virtio-blk: simple multithreaded MQ implementation for bdrv_raw

[Roman Penyaev]

On Sat, May 28, 2016 at 12:27 AM, Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Fri, May 27, 2016 at 01:55:04PM +0200, Roman Pen wrote:
>> Hello, all.
>>
>> This is RFC because mostly this patch is a quick attempt to get true
>> multithreaded multiqueue support for a block device with native AIO.
>> The goal is to squeeze everything possible on lockless IO path from
>> MQ block on a guest to MQ block on a host.
>>
>> To avoid any locks in qemu backend and not to introduce thread safety
>> into qemu block-layer I open same backend device several times, one
>> device per one MQ.  e.g. the following is the stack for a virtio-blk
>> with num-queues=2:
>>
>>             VirtIOBlock
>>                /   \
>>      VirtQueue#0   VirtQueue#1
>>       IOThread#0    IOThread#1
>>          BH#0          BH#1
>>       Backend#0     Backend#1
>>                \   /
>>              /dev/null0
>>
>> To group all objects related to one vq new structure is introduced:
>>
>>     typedef struct VirtQueueCtx {
>>         BlockBackend *blk;
>>         struct VirtIOBlock *s;
>>         VirtQueue *vq;
>>         void *rq;
>>         QEMUBH *bh;
>>         QEMUBH *batch_notify_bh;
>>         IOThread *iothread;
>>         Notifier insert_notifier;
>>         Notifier remove_notifier;
>>         /* Operation blocker on BDS */
>>         Error *blocker;
>>     } VirtQueueCtx;
>>
>> And VirtIOBlock includes an array of these contexts:
>>
>>      typedef struct VirtIOBlock {
>>          VirtIODevice parent_obj;
>>     +    VirtQueueCtx mq[VIRTIO_QUEUE_MAX];
>>      ...
>>
>> This patch is based on Stefan's series: "virtio-blk: multiqueue support",
>> with minor difference: I reverted "virtio-blk: multiqueue batch notify",
>> which does not make a lot sense when each VQ is handled by it's own
>> iothread.
>>
>> The qemu configuration stays the same, i.e. put num-queues=N and N
>> iothreads will be started on demand and N drives will be opened:
>>
>>     qemu -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=8
>>
>> My configuration is the following:
>>
>> host:
>>     Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4770 CPU @ 3.40GHz,
>>     8 CPUs,
>>     /dev/nullb0 as backend with the following parameters:
>>       $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/submit_queues
>>       8
>>       $ cat /sys/module/null_blk/parameters/irqmode
>>       1
>>
>> guest:
>>     8 VCPUs
>>
>> qemu:
>>     -object iothread,id=t0 \
>>     -drive if=none,id=d0,file=/dev/nullb0,format=raw,snapshot=off,cache=none,aio=native \
>>     -device virtio-blk-pci,num-queues=$N,iothread=t0,drive=d0,disable-modern=off,disable-legacy=on
>>
>>     where $N varies during the tests.
>>
>> fio:
>>     [global]
>>     description=Emulation of Storage Server Access Pattern
>>     bssplit=512/20:1k/16:2k/9:4k/12:8k/19:16k/10:32k/8:64k/4
>>     fadvise_hint=0
>>     rw=randrw:2
>>     direct=1
>>
>>     ioengine=libaio
>>     iodepth=64
>>     iodepth_batch_submit=64
>>     iodepth_batch_complete=64
>>     numjobs=8
>>     gtod_reduce=1
>>     group_reporting=1
>>
>>     time_based=1
>>     runtime=30
>>
>>     [job]
>>     filename=/dev/vda
>>
>> Results:
>>     num-queues   RD bw      WR bw
>>     ----------   -----      -----
>>
>>     * with 1 iothread *
>>
>>     1 thr 1 mq   1225MB/s   1221MB/s
>>     1 thr 2 mq   1559MB/s   1553MB/s
>>     1 thr 4 mq   1729MB/s   1725MB/s
>>     1 thr 8 mq   1660MB/s   1655MB/s
>>
>>     * with N iothreads *
>>
>>     2 thr 2 mq   1845MB/s   1842MB/s
>>     4 thr 4 mq   2187MB/s   2183MB/s
>>     8 thr 8 mq   1383MB/s   1378MB/s
>>
>> Obviously, 8 iothreads + 8 vcpu threads is too much for my machine
>> with 8 CPUs, but 4 iothreads show quite good result.
>
> Cool, thanks for trying this experiment and posting results.
>
> It's encouraging to see the improvement.  Did you use any CPU affinity
> settings to co-locate vcpu and iothreads onto host CPUs?

No, in these measurements I did not try to pin anything.
But the following are results with pinning, take a look:

8 VCPUs, 8 fio jobs
===========================================================

 o each fio job is pinned to VCPU in 1 to 1
 o VCPUs are not pinned
 o iothreads are not pinned

num queues   RD bw
----------   --------

* with 1 iothread *

1 thr 1 mq   1096MB/s
1 thr 2 mq   1602MB/s
1 thr 4 mq   1818MB/s
1 thr 8 mq   1860MB/s

* with N iothreads *

2 thr 2 mq   2008MB/s
4 thr 4 mq   2267MB/s
8 thr 8 mq   1388MB/s



8 VCPUs, 8 fio jobs
===============================================

 o each fio job is pinned to VCPU in 1 to 1
 o each VCPU is pinned to CPU in 1 to 1
 o each iothread is pinned to CPU in 1 to 1

affinity masks:
     CPUs   01234567
    VCPUs   XXXXXXXX

num queues   RD bw      iothreads affinity mask
----------   --------   -----------------------

* with 1 iothread *

1 thr 1 mq   997MB/s    X-------
1 thr 2 mq   1066MB/s   X-------
1 thr 4 mq   969MB/s    X-------
1 thr 8 mq   1050MB/s   X-------

* with N iothreads *

2 thr 2 mq   1597MB/s   XX------
4 thr 4 mq   1985MB/s   XXXX----
8 thr 8 mq   1230MB/s   XXXXXXXX



4 VCPUs, 4 fio jobs
===============================================

 o each fio job is pinned to VCPU in 1 to 1
 o VCPUs are not pinned
 o iothreads are not pinned

num queues   RD bw
----------   --------

* with 1 iothread *

1 thr 1 mq   1312MB/s
1 thr 2 mq   1445MB/s
1 thr 4 mq   1505MB/s

* with N iothreads *

2 thr 2 mq   1710MB/s
4 thr 4 mq   1590MB/s



4 VCPUs, 4 fio jobs
===============================================

 o each fio job is pinned to VCPU in 1 to 1
 o each VCPU is pinned to CPU in 1 to 1
 o each iothread is pinned to CPU in 1 to 1

affinity masks:
     CPUs   01234567
    VCPUs   XXXX----

num queues   RD bw      iothreads affinity mask
----------   --------   -----------------------

* with 1 iothread *

1 thr 1 mq   1230MB/s   ----X---
1 thr 2 mq   1357MB/s   ----X---
1 thr 4 mq   1430MB/s   ----X---

* with N iothreads *

2 thr 2 mq   1803MB/s   ----XX--
4 thr 4 mq   1673MB/s   ----XXXX



4 VCPUs, 4 fio jobs
===============================================

 o each fio job is pinned to VCPU in 1 to 1
 o each VCPU is pinned to 0123 CPUs
 o each iothread is pinned to 4567 CPUs

affinity masks:
     CPUs   01234567
    VCPUs   XXXX----

num queues   RD bw      iothreads affinity mask
----------   --------   -----------------------

* with 1 iothread *

1 thr 1 mq   1213MB/s   ----XXXX
1 thr 2 mq   1417MB/s   ----XXXX
1 thr 4 mq   1435MB/s   ----XXXX

* with N iothreads *

2 thr 2 mq   1792MB/s   ----XXXX
4 thr 4 mq   1667MB/s   ----XXXX


SUMMARY:

For 8 jobs the only thing I noticed makes sense is fio job pinning.
On my machine with 8 CPUs there is no room to optimize execution of
8 jobs.

For 4 jobs and 4 VCPUs I tried to pin VCPUs threads and iothreads
to different CPUs: VCPUs go to 0123, iothreads go to 4567.  And seems
that brings something, but not that much.

--
Roman