Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v6 3/4] block: add block timer and block throttling algorithm

[Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>]

On Thu, Sep 01, 2011 at 02:36:41PM +0100, Stefan Hajnoczi wrote:
>Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2011 14:36:41 +0100
>Message-ID: <CAJSP0QU8GqWsA6jaYAfs0=hvabQayfRPSzRNctGP6GEGgptHaw@mail.gmail.com>
>From: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@gmail.com>
>To: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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> kvm@vger.kernel.org, mtosatti@redhat.com, qemu-devel@nongnu.org,
> pair@us.ibm.com, zwu.kernel@gmail.com, ryanh@us.ibm.com
>Subject: Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v6 3/4] block: add block timer and block
> throttling algorithm
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>On Thu, Sep 1, 2011 at 12:44 PM, Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com> wrote:
>> Note:
>>     1.) When bps/iops limits are specified to a small value such as 511 bytes/s, this VM will hang up. We are considering how to handle this senario.
>>     2.) When "dd" command is issued in guest, if its option bs is set to a large value such as "bs=1024K", the result speed will slightly bigger than the limits.
>>
>> For these problems, if you have nice thought, pls let us know.:)
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Zhi Yong Wu <wuzhy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
>> ---
>>  block.c     |  290 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
>>  block.h     |    5 +
>>  block_int.h |    9 ++
>>  3 files changed, 296 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/block.c b/block.c
>> index 17ee3df..680f1e7 100644
>> --- a/block.c
>> +++ b/block.c
>> @@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
>>  #include "qemu-objects.h"
>>  #include "qemu-coroutine.h"
>>
>> +#include "qemu-timer.h"
>> +#include "block/blk-queue.h"
>> +
>>  #ifdef CONFIG_BSD
>>  #include <sys/types.h>
>>  #include <sys/stat.h>
>> @@ -72,6 +75,13 @@ static int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_writev_em(BlockDriverState *bs,
>>                                          QEMUIOVector *iov);
>>  static int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_flush_em(BlockDriverState *bs);
>>
>> +static bool bdrv_exceed_bps_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_sectors,
>> +        bool is_write, double elapsed_time, uint64_t *wait);
>> +static bool bdrv_exceed_iops_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, bool is_write,
>> +        double elapsed_time, uint64_t *wait);
>> +static bool bdrv_exceed_io_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_sectors,
>> +        bool is_write, uint64_t *wait);
>> +
>>  static QTAILQ_HEAD(, BlockDriverState) bdrv_states =
>>     QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bdrv_states);
>>
>> @@ -104,6 +114,64 @@ int is_windows_drive(const char *filename)
>>  }
>>  #endif
>>
>> +/* throttling disk I/O limits */
>> +void bdrv_io_limits_disable(BlockDriverState *bs)
>> +{
>> +    bs->io_limits_enabled = false;
>> +
>> +    if (bs->block_queue) {
>> +        qemu_block_queue_flush(bs->block_queue);
>> +        qemu_del_block_queue(bs->block_queue);
>> +        bs->block_queue = NULL;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    if (bs->block_timer) {
>> +        qemu_del_timer(bs->block_timer);
>> +        qemu_free_timer(bs->block_timer);
>> +        bs->block_timer = NULL;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    bs->slice_start[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]  = 0;
>> +    bs->slice_start[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] = 0;
>> +
>> +    bs->slice_end[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]    = 0;
>> +    bs->slice_end[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]   = 0;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static void bdrv_block_timer(void *opaque)
>> +{
>> +    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
>> +    BlockQueue *queue = bs->block_queue;
>> +
>> +    qemu_block_queue_flush(queue);
>> +}
>> +
>> +void bdrv_io_limits_enable(BlockDriverState *bs)
>> +{
>> +    bs->block_queue    = qemu_new_block_queue();
>> +    bs->block_timer    = qemu_new_timer_ns(vm_clock, bdrv_block_timer, bs);
>> +
>> +    bs->slice_start[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]  = qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock);
>> +    bs->slice_start[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] =
>> +           bs->slice_start[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ];
>> +
>> +    bs->slice_end[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]    =
>> +           bs->slice_start[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] + BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME;
>> +    bs->slice_end[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]   =
>> +           bs->slice_end[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ];
>> +}
>> +
>> +bool bdrv_io_limits_enabled(BlockDriverState *bs)
>> +{
>> +    BlockIOLimit *io_limits = &bs->io_limits;
>> +    return io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]
>> +         || io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]
>> +         || io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]
>> +         || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]
>> +         || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]
>> +         || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL];
>> +}
>> +
>>  /* check if the path starts with "<protocol>:" */
>>  static int path_has_protocol(const char *path)
>>  {
>> @@ -694,6 +762,11 @@ int bdrv_open(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *filename, int flags,
>>             bs->change_cb(bs->change_opaque, CHANGE_MEDIA);
>>     }
>>
>> +    /* throttling disk I/O limits */
>> +    if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
>> +        bdrv_io_limits_enable(bs);
>> +    }
>> +
>>     return 0;
>>
>>  unlink_and_fail:
>> @@ -732,6 +805,18 @@ void bdrv_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
>>         if (bs->change_cb)
>>             bs->change_cb(bs->change_opaque, CHANGE_MEDIA);
>>     }
>> +
>> +    /* throttling disk I/O limits */
>> +    if (bs->block_queue) {
>> +        qemu_del_block_queue(bs->block_queue);
>> +        bs->block_queue = NULL;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    if (bs->block_timer) {
>> +        qemu_del_timer(bs->block_timer);
>> +        qemu_free_timer(bs->block_timer);
>> +        bs->block_timer = NULL;
>> +    }
>>  }
>>
>>  void bdrv_close_all(void)
>> @@ -2290,13 +2375,29 @@ BlockDriverAIOCB *bdrv_aio_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>>                                  BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
>>  {
>>     BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
>> +    uint64_t wait_time = 0;
>> +    BlockDriverAIOCB *ret;
>>
>>     trace_bdrv_aio_readv(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, opaque);
>>
>> -    if (!drv)
>> -        return NULL;
>> -    if (bdrv_check_request(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors))
>> +    if (!drv || bdrv_check_request(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors)) {
>>         return NULL;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    /* throttling disk read I/O */
>> +    if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
>> +        if (bdrv_exceed_io_limits(bs, nb_sectors, false, &wait_time)) {
>> +            ret = qemu_block_queue_enqueue(bs->block_queue, bs, bdrv_aio_readv,
>> +                           sector_num, qiov, nb_sectors, cb, opaque);
>> +            qemu_mod_timer(bs->block_timer,
>> +                           wait_time + qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock));
>> +            return ret;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        bs->io_disps.bytes[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] +=
>> +                           (unsigned) nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> +        bs->io_disps.ios[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]++;
>> +    }
>>
>>     return drv->bdrv_aio_readv(bs, sector_num, qiov, nb_sectors,
>>                                cb, opaque);
>> @@ -2345,15 +2446,14 @@ BlockDriverAIOCB *bdrv_aio_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>>     BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
>>     BlockDriverAIOCB *ret;
>>     BlockCompleteData *blk_cb_data;
>> +    uint64_t wait_time = 0;
>>
>>     trace_bdrv_aio_writev(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, opaque);
>>
>> -    if (!drv)
>> -        return NULL;
>> -    if (bs->read_only)
>> -        return NULL;
>> -    if (bdrv_check_request(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors))
>> +    if (!drv || bs->read_only
>> +        || bdrv_check_request(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors)) {
>>         return NULL;
>> +    }
>>
>>     if (bs->dirty_bitmap) {
>>         blk_cb_data = blk_dirty_cb_alloc(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, cb,
>> @@ -2362,6 +2462,17 @@ BlockDriverAIOCB *bdrv_aio_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>>         opaque = blk_cb_data;
>>     }
>>
>> +    /* throttling disk write I/O */
>> +    if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
>> +        if (bdrv_exceed_io_limits(bs, nb_sectors, true, &wait_time)) {
>> +            ret = qemu_block_queue_enqueue(bs->block_queue, bs, bdrv_aio_writev,
>> +                                  sector_num, qiov, nb_sectors, cb, opaque);
>> +            qemu_mod_timer(bs->block_timer,
>> +                                  wait_time + qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock));
>> +            return ret;
>> +        }
>> +    }
>> +
>>     ret = drv->bdrv_aio_writev(bs, sector_num, qiov, nb_sectors,
>>                                cb, opaque);
>>
>> @@ -2369,6 +2480,12 @@ BlockDriverAIOCB *bdrv_aio_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>>         if (bs->wr_highest_sector < sector_num + nb_sectors - 1) {
>>             bs->wr_highest_sector = sector_num + nb_sectors - 1;
>>         }
>> +
>> +        if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
>> +            bs->io_disps.bytes[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] +=
>> +                               (unsigned) nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> +            bs->io_disps.ios[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]++;
>> +        }
>>     }
>>
>>     return ret;
>> @@ -2633,6 +2750,163 @@ void bdrv_aio_cancel(BlockDriverAIOCB *acb)
>>     acb->pool->cancel(acb);
>>  }
>>
>> +static bool bdrv_exceed_bps_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_sectors,
>> +                 bool is_write, double elapsed_time, uint64_t *wait) {
>> +    uint64_t bps_limit = 0;
>> +    double   bytes_limit, bytes_disp, bytes_res;
>> +    double   slice_time, wait_time;
>> +
>> +    if (bs->io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
>> +        bps_limit = bs->io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL];
>> +    } else if (bs->io_limits.bps[is_write]) {
>> +        bps_limit = bs->io_limits.bps[is_write];
>> +    } else {
>> +        if (wait) {
>> +            *wait = 0;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        return false;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    slice_time = bs->slice_end[is_write] - bs->slice_start[is_write];
>> +    slice_time /= (NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND);
>> +    bytes_limit = bps_limit * slice_time;
>> +    bytes_disp  = bs->io_disps.bytes[is_write];
>> +    if (bs->io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
>> +        bytes_disp += bs->io_disps.bytes[!is_write];
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    bytes_res   = (unsigned) nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> +
>> +    if (bytes_disp + bytes_res <= bytes_limit) {
>> +        if (wait) {
>> +            *wait = 0;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        return false;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    /* Calc approx time to dispatch */
>> +    wait_time = (bytes_disp + bytes_res) / bps_limit - elapsed_time;
>> +
>> +    if (wait) {
>> +        *wait = wait_time * BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME * 10;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    return true;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static bool bdrv_exceed_iops_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, bool is_write,
>> +                             double elapsed_time, uint64_t *wait) {
>> +    uint64_t iops_limit = 0;
>> +    double   ios_limit, ios_disp;
>> +    double   slice_time, wait_time;
>> +
>> +    if (bs->io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
>> +        iops_limit = bs->io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL];
>> +    } else if (bs->io_limits.iops[is_write]) {
>> +        iops_limit = bs->io_limits.iops[is_write];
>> +    } else {
>> +        if (wait) {
>> +            *wait = 0;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        return false;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    slice_time = bs->slice_end[is_write] - bs->slice_start[is_write];
>> +    slice_time /= (NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND);
>> +    ios_limit  = iops_limit * slice_time;
>> +    ios_disp   = bs->io_disps.ios[is_write];
>> +    if (bs->io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
>> +        ios_disp += bs->io_disps.ios[!is_write];
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    if (ios_disp + 1 <= ios_limit) {
>> +        if (wait) {
>> +            *wait = 0;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        return false;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    /* Calc approx time to dispatch */
>> +    wait_time = (ios_disp + 1) / iops_limit;
>> +    if (wait_time > elapsed_time) {
>> +        wait_time = wait_time - elapsed_time;
>> +    } else {
>> +        wait_time = 0;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    if (wait) {
>> +        *wait = wait_time * BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME * 10;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    return true;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static bool bdrv_exceed_io_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_sectors,
>> +                           bool is_write, uint64_t *wait) {
>> +    int64_t  now;
>> +    uint64_t bps_wait = 0, iops_wait = 0, max_wait;
>> +    double   elapsed_time;
>> +    int      bps_ret, iops_ret;
>> +
>> +    now = qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock);
>> +    if ((bs->slice_start[is_write] < now)
>> +        && (bs->slice_end[is_write] > now)) {
>> +        bs->slice_end[is_write]   = now + BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME;
>> +    } else {
>> +        bs->slice_start[is_write]     = now;
>> +        bs->slice_end[is_write]       = now + BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME;
>> +
>> +        bs->io_disps.bytes[is_write]  = 0;
>> +        bs->io_disps.bytes[!is_write] = 0;
>> +
>> +        bs->io_disps.ios[is_write]    = 0;
>> +        bs->io_disps.ios[!is_write]   = 0;
>
>Does it make sense to keep separate slice_start/slice_end for read and
>write since we reset the dispatched statistics to zero for both?
>Perhaps we should use a scalar slice_start/slice_end and not two
>separate values for read/write.
Right, currently the scalar slice_* should be adopted, thanks.
>
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    /* If a limit was exceeded, immediately queue this request */
>> +    if (qemu_block_queue_has_pending(bs->block_queue)) {
>> +        if (bs->io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]
>> +            || bs->io_limits.bps[is_write] || bs->io_limits.iops[is_write]
>> +            || bs->io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
>> +            if (wait) {
>> +                *wait = 0;
>
>This causes the queue to be flushed each time the guest enqueues an
>I/O while there are queued requests.  Perhaps this is (part of) the
>CPU overhead that Ryan's benchmarking discovered.
>
>If we try to preserve request ordering then I don't think there is a
>reason to modify the timer once it has been set.
good catch, pls check the latest changes on my public git branch.

>
>Stefan
>