From: Xiaoyao Li <xiaoyao.li@intel.com>
To: "Paolo Bonzini" <pbonzini@redhat.com>,
"David Hildenbrand" <david@redhat.com>,
"Igor Mammedov" <imammedo@redhat.com>,
"Michael S . Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>,
"Marcel Apfelbaum" <marcel.apfelbaum@gmail.com>,
"Richard Henderson" <richard.henderson@linaro.org>,
"Peter Xu" <peterx@redhat.com>,
"Philippe Mathieu-Daudé" <philmd@linaro.org>,
"Cornelia Huck" <cohuck@redhat.com>,
"Daniel P . Berrangé" <berrange@redhat.com>,
"Eric Blake" <eblake@redhat.com>,
"Markus Armbruster" <armbru@redhat.com>,
"Marcelo Tosatti" <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: qemu-devel@nongnu.org, kvm@vger.kernel.org, xiaoyao.li@intel.com,
Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>,
Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>,
Claudio Fontana <cfontana@suse.de>,
Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>,
Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@gmail.com>,
Chenyi Qiang <chenyi.qiang@intel.com>
Subject: [PATCH v4 43/66] i386/tdx: Setup the TD HOB list
Date: Wed, 24 Jan 2024 22:23:05 -0500 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20240125032328.2522472-44-xiaoyao.li@intel.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20240125032328.2522472-1-xiaoyao.li@intel.com>
The TD HOB list is used to pass the information from VMM to TDVF. The TD
HOB must include PHIT HOB and Resource Descriptor HOB. More details can
be found in TDVF specification and PI specification.
Build the TD HOB in TDX's machine_init_done callback.
Co-developed-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Xiaoyao Li <xiaoyao.li@intel.com>
Acked-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
---
Changes in v1:
- drop the code of adding mmio resources since OVMF prepares all the
MMIO hob itself.
---
hw/i386/meson.build | 2 +-
hw/i386/tdvf-hob.c | 147 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
hw/i386/tdvf-hob.h | 24 +++++++
target/i386/kvm/tdx.c | 16 +++++
4 files changed, 188 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
create mode 100644 hw/i386/tdvf-hob.c
create mode 100644 hw/i386/tdvf-hob.h
diff --git a/hw/i386/meson.build b/hw/i386/meson.build
index 6808bd4e3032..118fd9dae610 100644
--- a/hw/i386/meson.build
+++ b/hw/i386/meson.build
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ i386_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_PC', if_true: files(
'port92.c'))
i386_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_X86_FW_OVMF', if_true: files('pc_sysfw_ovmf.c'),
if_false: files('pc_sysfw_ovmf-stubs.c'))
-i386_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_TDX', if_true: files('tdvf.c'))
+i386_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_TDX', if_true: files('tdvf.c', 'tdvf-hob.c'))
subdir('kvm')
subdir('xen')
diff --git a/hw/i386/tdvf-hob.c b/hw/i386/tdvf-hob.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0da6ff2df576
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/i386/tdvf-hob.c
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Intel Corporation
+ * Author: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata at gmail.com>
+ * <isaku.yamahata at intel.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ * with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu/error-report.h"
+#include "e820_memory_layout.h"
+#include "hw/i386/pc.h"
+#include "hw/i386/x86.h"
+#include "hw/pci/pcie_host.h"
+#include "sysemu/kvm.h"
+#include "standard-headers/uefi/uefi.h"
+#include "tdvf-hob.h"
+
+typedef struct TdvfHob {
+ hwaddr hob_addr;
+ void *ptr;
+ int size;
+
+ /* working area */
+ void *current;
+ void *end;
+} TdvfHob;
+
+static uint64_t tdvf_current_guest_addr(const TdvfHob *hob)
+{
+ return hob->hob_addr + (hob->current - hob->ptr);
+}
+
+static void tdvf_align(TdvfHob *hob, size_t align)
+{
+ hob->current = QEMU_ALIGN_PTR_UP(hob->current, align);
+}
+
+static void *tdvf_get_area(TdvfHob *hob, uint64_t size)
+{
+ void *ret;
+
+ if (hob->current + size > hob->end) {
+ error_report("TD_HOB overrun, size = 0x%" PRIx64, size);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ ret = hob->current;
+ hob->current += size;
+ tdvf_align(hob, 8);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static void tdvf_hob_add_memory_resources(TdxGuest *tdx, TdvfHob *hob)
+{
+ EFI_HOB_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR *region;
+ EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE attr;
+ EFI_RESOURCE_TYPE resource_type;
+
+ TdxRamEntry *e;
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < tdx->nr_ram_entries; i++) {
+ e = &tdx->ram_entries[i];
+
+ if (e->type == TDX_RAM_UNACCEPTED) {
+ resource_type = EFI_RESOURCE_MEMORY_UNACCEPTED;
+ attr = EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_TDVF_UNACCEPTED;
+ } else if (e->type == TDX_RAM_ADDED){
+ resource_type = EFI_RESOURCE_SYSTEM_MEMORY;
+ attr = EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_TDVF_PRIVATE;
+ } else {
+ error_report("unknown TDX_RAM_ENTRY type %d", e->type);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ region = tdvf_get_area(hob, sizeof(*region));
+ *region = (EFI_HOB_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR) {
+ .Header = {
+ .HobType = EFI_HOB_TYPE_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR,
+ .HobLength = cpu_to_le16(sizeof(*region)),
+ .Reserved = cpu_to_le32(0),
+ },
+ .Owner = EFI_HOB_OWNER_ZERO,
+ .ResourceType = cpu_to_le32(resource_type),
+ .ResourceAttribute = cpu_to_le32(attr),
+ .PhysicalStart = cpu_to_le64(e->address),
+ .ResourceLength = cpu_to_le64(e->length),
+ };
+ }
+}
+
+void tdvf_hob_create(TdxGuest *tdx, TdxFirmwareEntry *td_hob)
+{
+ TdvfHob hob = {
+ .hob_addr = td_hob->address,
+ .size = td_hob->size,
+ .ptr = td_hob->mem_ptr,
+
+ .current = td_hob->mem_ptr,
+ .end = td_hob->mem_ptr + td_hob->size,
+ };
+
+ EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER *last_hob;
+ EFI_HOB_HANDOFF_INFO_TABLE *hit;
+
+ /* Note, Efi{Free}Memory{Bottom,Top} are ignored, leave 'em zeroed. */
+ hit = tdvf_get_area(&hob, sizeof(*hit));
+ *hit = (EFI_HOB_HANDOFF_INFO_TABLE) {
+ .Header = {
+ .HobType = EFI_HOB_TYPE_HANDOFF,
+ .HobLength = cpu_to_le16(sizeof(*hit)),
+ .Reserved = cpu_to_le32(0),
+ },
+ .Version = cpu_to_le32(EFI_HOB_HANDOFF_TABLE_VERSION),
+ .BootMode = cpu_to_le32(0),
+ .EfiMemoryTop = cpu_to_le64(0),
+ .EfiMemoryBottom = cpu_to_le64(0),
+ .EfiFreeMemoryTop = cpu_to_le64(0),
+ .EfiFreeMemoryBottom = cpu_to_le64(0),
+ .EfiEndOfHobList = cpu_to_le64(0), /* initialized later */
+ };
+
+ tdvf_hob_add_memory_resources(tdx, &hob);
+
+ last_hob = tdvf_get_area(&hob, sizeof(*last_hob));
+ *last_hob = (EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER) {
+ .HobType = EFI_HOB_TYPE_END_OF_HOB_LIST,
+ .HobLength = cpu_to_le16(sizeof(*last_hob)),
+ .Reserved = cpu_to_le32(0),
+ };
+ hit->EfiEndOfHobList = tdvf_current_guest_addr(&hob);
+}
diff --git a/hw/i386/tdvf-hob.h b/hw/i386/tdvf-hob.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1b737e946a8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/i386/tdvf-hob.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#ifndef HW_I386_TD_HOB_H
+#define HW_I386_TD_HOB_H
+
+#include "hw/i386/tdvf.h"
+#include "target/i386/kvm/tdx.h"
+
+void tdvf_hob_create(TdxGuest *tdx, TdxFirmwareEntry *td_hob);
+
+#define EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_TDVF_PRIVATE \
+ (EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_PRESENT | \
+ EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_INITIALIZED | \
+ EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_TESTED)
+
+#define EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_TDVF_UNACCEPTED \
+ (EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_PRESENT | \
+ EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_INITIALIZED | \
+ EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_TESTED)
+
+#define EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_TDVF_MMIO \
+ (EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_PRESENT | \
+ EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_INITIALIZED | \
+ EFI_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_UNCACHEABLE)
+
+#endif
diff --git a/target/i386/kvm/tdx.c b/target/i386/kvm/tdx.c
index c8c6ed9f811b..7f84aa0e64a9 100644
--- a/target/i386/kvm/tdx.c
+++ b/target/i386/kvm/tdx.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
#include "hw/i386/e820_memory_layout.h"
#include "hw/i386/x86.h"
#include "hw/i386/tdvf.h"
+#include "hw/i386/tdvf-hob.h"
#include "kvm_i386.h"
#include "tdx.h"
#include "../cpu-internal.h"
@@ -467,6 +468,19 @@ static void update_tdx_cpuid_lookup_by_tdx_caps(void)
(tdx_caps->xfam_fixed1 & CPUID_XSTATE_XSS_MASK) >> 32;
}
+static TdxFirmwareEntry *tdx_get_hob_entry(TdxGuest *tdx)
+{
+ TdxFirmwareEntry *entry;
+
+ for_each_tdx_fw_entry(&tdx->tdvf, entry) {
+ if (entry->type == TDVF_SECTION_TYPE_TD_HOB) {
+ return entry;
+ }
+ }
+ error_report("TDVF metadata doesn't specify TD_HOB location.");
+ exit(1);
+}
+
static void tdx_add_ram_entry(uint64_t address, uint64_t length,
enum TdxRamType type)
{
@@ -598,6 +612,8 @@ static void tdx_finalize_vm(Notifier *notifier, void *unused)
qsort(tdx_guest->ram_entries, tdx_guest->nr_ram_entries,
sizeof(TdxRamEntry), &tdx_ram_entry_compare);
+
+ tdvf_hob_create(tdx_guest, tdx_get_hob_entry(tdx_guest));
}
static Notifier tdx_machine_done_notify = {
--
2.34.1
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2024-01-25 3:31 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 94+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2024-01-25 3:22 [PATCH v4 00/66] QEMU Guest memfd + QEMU TDX support Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 01/66] linux-headers: Update to Linux v6.8-rc1 Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 02/66] RAMBlock: Add support of KVM private guest memfd Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-26 13:57 ` David Hildenbrand
2024-01-29 2:23 ` Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 03/66] HostMem: Add mechanism to opt in kvm guest memfd via MachineState Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-26 13:58 ` David Hildenbrand
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 04/66] trace/kvm: Split address space and slot id in trace_kvm_set_user_memory() Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 05/66] kvm: Enable KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION2 for memslot Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 06/66] kvm: Introduce support for memory_attributes Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 07/66] physmem: Introduce ram_block_discard_guest_memfd_range() Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 18:45 ` David Hildenbrand
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 08/66] kvm: handle KVM_EXIT_MEMORY_FAULT Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 09/66] trace/kvm: Add trace for page convertion between shared and private Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 10/66] *** HACK *** linux-headers: Update headers to pull in TDX API changes Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 11/66] i386: Introduce tdx-guest object Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-19 12:34 ` Markus Armbruster
2024-02-19 12:44 ` Daniel P. Berrangé
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 12/66] target/i386: Implement mc->kvm_type() to get VM type Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 13/66] target/i386: Introduce kvm_confidential_guest_init() Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-29 18:02 ` Daniel P. Berrangé
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 14/66] i386/tdx: Implement tdx_kvm_init() to initialize TDX VM context Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 15/66] i386/tdx: Get tdx_capabilities via KVM_TDX_CAPABILITIES Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 16/66] i386/tdx: Introduce is_tdx_vm() helper and cache tdx_guest object Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 17/66] i386/tdx: Adjust the supported CPUID based on TDX restrictions Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 18/66] i386/tdx: Make Intel-PT unsupported for TD guest Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 19/66] i386/tdx: Update tdx_cpuid_lookup[].tdx_fixed0/1 by tdx_caps.cpuid_config[] Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 20/66] i386/tdx: Integrate tdx_caps->xfam_fixed0/1 into tdx_cpuid_lookup Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 21/66] i386/tdx: Integrate tdx_caps->attrs_fixed0/1 to tdx_cpuid_lookup Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 22/66] i386/kvm: Move architectural CPUID leaf generation to separate helper Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 23/66] kvm: Introduce kvm_arch_pre_create_vcpu() Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 24/66] i386/tdx: Initialize TDX before creating TD vcpus Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 25/66] i386/tdx: Add property sept-ve-disable for tdx-guest object Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 26/66] i386/tdx: Make sept_ve_disable set by default Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 27/66] i386/tdx: Wire CPU features up with attributes of TD guest Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 28/66] i386/tdx: Validate TD attributes Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 29/66] i386/tdx: Support user configurable mrconfigid/mrowner/mrownerconfig Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-19 12:48 ` Markus Armbruster
2024-02-20 15:10 ` Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-20 16:14 ` Markus Armbruster
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 30/66] i386/tdx: Implement user specified tsc frequency Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 31/66] i386/tdx: Set kvm_readonly_mem_enabled to false for TDX VM Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 32/66] kvm/memory: Introduce the infrastructure to set the default shared/private value Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 33/66] i386/tdx: Make memory type private by default Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-26 14:58 ` David Hildenbrand
2024-01-29 2:18 ` Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-20 15:08 ` David Hildenbrand
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 34/66] kvm/tdx: Don't complain when converting vMMIO region to shared Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 35/66] kvm/tdx: Ignore memory conversion to shared of unassigned region Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 36/66] i386/tdvf: Introduce function to parse TDVF metadata Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:22 ` [PATCH v4 37/66] i386/tdx: Parse TDVF metadata for TDX VM Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 38/66] i386/tdx: Skip BIOS shadowing setup Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 39/66] i386/tdx: Don't initialize pc.rom for TDX VMs Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 40/66] i386/tdx: Track mem_ptr for each firmware entry of TDVF Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 41/66] i386/tdx: Track RAM entries for TDX VM Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 42/66] headers: Add definitions from UEFI spec for volumes, resources, etc Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` Xiaoyao Li [this message]
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 44/66] i386/tdx: Add TDVF memory via KVM_TDX_INIT_MEM_REGION Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 45/66] memory: Introduce memory_region_init_ram_guest_memfd() Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-26 14:55 ` David Hildenbrand
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 46/66] i386/tdx: register TDVF as private memory Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 47/66] i386/tdx: Call KVM_TDX_INIT_VCPU to initialize TDX vcpu Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 48/66] i386/tdx: Finalize TDX VM Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 49/66] i386/tdx: handle TDG.VP.VMCALL<SetupEventNotifyInterrupt> Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 50/66] i386/tdx: handle TDG.VP.VMCALL<GetQuote> Xiaoyao Li
[not found] ` <87zfvwehyz.fsf@pond.sub.org>
2024-02-19 12:55 ` Daniel P. Berrangé
2024-02-19 14:41 ` Markus Armbruster
2024-02-20 14:16 ` Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-22 16:30 ` Daniel P. Berrangé
2024-02-23 1:06 ` Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-23 1:48 ` Qiu, Feng
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 51/66] i386/tdx: handle TDG.VP.VMCALL<MapGPA> hypercall Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 52/66] i386/tdx: Handle TDG.VP.VMCALL<REPORT_FATAL_ERROR> Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 53/66] i386/tdx: Wire TDX_REPORT_FATAL_ERROR with GuestPanic facility Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-19 12:53 ` Markus Armbruster
2024-02-27 9:51 ` Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-27 11:51 ` Markus Armbruster
2024-02-27 12:09 ` Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-27 13:09 ` Markus Armbruster
2024-02-27 14:51 ` Xiaoyao Li
2024-02-27 15:42 ` Markus Armbruster
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 54/66] pci-host/q35: Move PAM initialization above SMRAM initialization Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 55/66] q35: Introduce smm_ranges property for q35-pci-host Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 56/66] i386/tdx: Disable SMM for TDX VMs Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 57/66] i386/tdx: Disable PIC " Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 58/66] i386/tdx: Don't allow system reset " Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 59/66] i386/tdx: LMCE is not supported for TDX Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 60/66] hw/i386: add eoi_intercept_unsupported member to X86MachineState Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 61/66] hw/i386: add option to forcibly report edge trigger in acpi tables Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 62/66] i386/tdx: Don't synchronize guest tsc for TDs Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 63/66] i386/tdx: Only configure MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV in kvm_init_msrs() " Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 64/66] i386/tdx: Skip kvm_put_apicbase() " Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 65/66] i386/tdx: Don't get/put guest state for TDX VMs Xiaoyao Li
2024-01-25 3:23 ` [PATCH v4 66/66] docs: Add TDX documentation Xiaoyao Li
Reply instructions:
You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:
* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
and reply-to-all from there: mbox
Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style
* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
switches of git-send-email(1):
git send-email \
--in-reply-to=20240125032328.2522472-44-xiaoyao.li@intel.com \
--to=xiaoyao.li@intel.com \
--cc=armbru@redhat.com \
--cc=berrange@redhat.com \
--cc=cfontana@suse.de \
--cc=chenyi.qiang@intel.com \
--cc=cohuck@redhat.com \
--cc=david@redhat.com \
--cc=eblake@redhat.com \
--cc=imammedo@redhat.com \
--cc=isaku.yamahata@gmail.com \
--cc=kraxel@redhat.com \
--cc=kvm@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=marcel.apfelbaum@gmail.com \
--cc=michael.roth@amd.com \
--cc=mst@redhat.com \
--cc=mtosatti@redhat.com \
--cc=pbonzini@redhat.com \
--cc=peterx@redhat.com \
--cc=philmd@linaro.org \
--cc=qemu-devel@nongnu.org \
--cc=richard.henderson@linaro.org \
--cc=seanjc@google.com \
/path/to/YOUR_REPLY
https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html
* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line
before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).