From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from eggs.gnu.org ([2001:4830:134:3::10]:52019) by lists.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.71) (envelope-from ) id 1ccz0R-0005FY-TY for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Sun, 12 Feb 2017 13:36:19 -0500 Received: from Debian-exim by eggs.gnu.org with spam-scanned (Exim 4.71) (envelope-from ) id 1ccz0N-0002cy-OM for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Sun, 12 Feb 2017 13:36:15 -0500 Received: from mx1.redhat.com ([209.132.183.28]:57630) by eggs.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.0:DHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1:32) (Exim 4.71) (envelope-from ) id 1ccz0N-0002cO-CE for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Sun, 12 Feb 2017 13:36:11 -0500 Received: from int-mx13.intmail.prod.int.phx2.redhat.com (int-mx13.intmail.prod.int.phx2.redhat.com [10.5.11.26]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by mx1.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id A3E6183F43 for ; Sun, 12 Feb 2017 18:36:10 +0000 (UTC) References: <1486747506-15876-1-git-send-email-abologna@redhat.com> <1486747506-15876-2-git-send-email-abologna@redhat.com> From: Marcel Apfelbaum Message-ID: <2cdebbb6-92ff-88f3-28c2-36edce6f5a4c@redhat.com> Date: Sun, 12 Feb 2017 20:35:46 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <1486747506-15876-2-git-send-email-abologna@redhat.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Subject: Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v7 1/2] q35: Improve sample configuration files List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , To: Andrea Bolognani , qemu-devel@nongnu.org Cc: drjones@redhat.com, lersek@redhat.com, kraxel@redhat.com On 02/10/2017 07:25 PM, Andrea Bolognani wrote: > Instead of having a single sample configuration file, > we now have several: > > * q35-emulated.cfg documents the default devices QEMU > adds to a q35 guest and the additional devices that > are pretty much guaranteed to be present in a > physical q35-based machine; > > * q35-virtio-graphical.cfg can be used to start a > fully-featured (USB, graphical console, audio, etc.) > guest that uses VirtIO instead of emulated devices; > > * q35-virtio-serial.cfg is similar but has a minimal > set of devices and uses the serial console. > > All configuration files are fully commented and neatly > organized. > --- > docs/q35-chipset.cfg | 152 ---------------------- > docs/q35-emulated.cfg | 288 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ > docs/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg | 248 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ > docs/q35-virtio-serial.cfg | 193 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ > 4 files changed, 729 insertions(+), 152 deletions(-) > delete mode 100644 docs/q35-chipset.cfg > create mode 100644 docs/q35-emulated.cfg > create mode 100644 docs/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg > create mode 100644 docs/q35-virtio-serial.cfg > > diff --git a/docs/q35-chipset.cfg b/docs/q35-chipset.cfg > deleted file mode 100644 > index e4ddb7d..0000000 > --- a/docs/q35-chipset.cfg > +++ /dev/null > @@ -1,152 +0,0 @@ > -################################################################ > -# > -# qemu -M q35 creates a bare machine with just the very essential > -# chipset devices being present: > -# > -# 00.0 - Host bridge > -# 1f.0 - ISA bridge / LPC > -# 1f.2 - SATA (AHCI) controller > -# 1f.3 - SMBus controller > -# > -# This config file documents the other devices and how they are > -# created. You can simply use "-readconfig $thisfile" to create > -# them all. Here is a overview: > -# > -# 19.0 - Ethernet controller (not created, our e1000 emulation > -# doesn't emulate the ich9 device). > -# 1a.* - USB Controller #2 (ehci + uhci companions) > -# 1b.0 - HD Audio Controller > -# 1c.* - PCI Express Ports > -# 1d.* - USB Controller #1 (ehci + uhci companions, > -# "qemu -M q35 -usb" creates these too) > -# 1e.0 - PCI Bridge > -# > - > -[device "ich9-ehci-2"] > - driver = "ich9-usb-ehci2" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1a.7" > - > -[device "ich9-uhci-4"] > - driver = "ich9-usb-uhci4" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1a.0" > - masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0" > - firstport = "0" > - > -[device "ich9-uhci-5"] > - driver = "ich9-usb-uhci5" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1a.1" > - masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0" > - firstport = "2" > - > -[device "ich9-uhci-6"] > - driver = "ich9-usb-uhci6" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1a.2" > - masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0" > - firstport = "4" > - > - > -[device "ich9-hda-audio"] > - driver = "ich9-intel-hda" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1b.0" > - > - > -[device "ich9-pcie-port-1"] > - driver = "ioh3420" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1c.0" > - port = "1" > - chassis = "1" > - > -[device "ich9-pcie-port-2"] > - driver = "ioh3420" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1c.1" > - port = "2" > - chassis = "2" > - > -[device "ich9-pcie-port-3"] > - driver = "ioh3420" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1c.2" > - port = "3" > - chassis = "3" > - > -[device "ich9-pcie-port-4"] > - driver = "ioh3420" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1c.3" > - port = "4" > - chassis = "4" > - > -## > -# Example PCIe switch with two downstream ports > -# > -#[device "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1"] > -# driver = "x3130-upstream" > -# bus = "ich9-pcie-port-4" > -# addr = "00.0" > -# > -#[device "pcie-switch-downstream-port-1-1"] > -# driver = "xio3130-downstream" > -# multifunction = "on" > -# bus = "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1" > -# addr = "00.0" > -# port = "1" > -# chassis = "5" > -# > -#[device "pcie-switch-downstream-port-1-2"] > -# driver = "xio3130-downstream" > -# multifunction = "on" > -# bus = "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1" > -# addr = "00.1" > -# port = "1" > -# chassis = "6" > - > -[device "ich9-ehci-1"] > - driver = "ich9-usb-ehci1" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1d.7" > - > -[device "ich9-uhci-1"] > - driver = "ich9-usb-uhci1" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1d.0" > - masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0" > - firstport = "0" > - > -[device "ich9-uhci-2"] > - driver = "ich9-usb-uhci2" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1d.1" > - masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0" > - firstport = "2" > - > -[device "ich9-uhci-3"] > - driver = "ich9-usb-uhci3" > - multifunction = "on" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1d.2" > - masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0" > - firstport = "4" > - > - > -[device "ich9-pci-bridge"] > - driver = "i82801b11-bridge" > - bus = "pcie.0" > - addr = "1e.0" > diff --git a/docs/q35-emulated.cfg b/docs/q35-emulated.cfg > new file mode 100644 > index 0000000..c6416d6 > --- /dev/null > +++ b/docs/q35-emulated.cfg > @@ -0,0 +1,288 @@ > +# q35 - Emulated guest (graphical console) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# Usage: > +# > +# $ qemu-system-x86_64 \ > +# -nodefaults \ > +# -readconfig q35-emulated.cfg > +# > +# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as > +# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration! > +# > +# The guest will have a selection of emulated devices that > +# closely resembles that of a physical machine, and will be > +# accessed through a graphical console. > +# > +# --------------------------------------------------------- > +# > +# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over > +# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will > +# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals > +# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and > +# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add > +# further devices. > +# > +# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as: > +# > +# 00:00.0 Host bridge > +# 00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC > +# 00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller > +# 00:1f.3 SMBus controller > +# > +# This configuration file adds a number of devices that > +# are pretty much guaranteed to be present in every single > +# physical machine based on q35, more specifically: > +# > +# 00:01.0 VGA compatible controller > +# 00:19.0 Ethernet controller > +# 00:1a.* USB controller (#2) > +# 00:1b.0 Audio device > +# 00:1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) > +# 00:1d.* USB Controller (#1) > +# 00:1e.0 PCI bridge (legacy PCI bridge) > +# > +# More information about these devices is available below. > + > + > +# Machine options > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration > +# for better performance. > +# > +# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to > +# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead > +# to obscure boot issues in some cases. > +# > +# Unfortunately, there is no way to configure the CPU model > +# in this file, so it will have to be provided on the > +# command line. > + > +[machine] > + type = "q35" > + accel = "kvm" > + > +[memory] > + size = "1024" > + > + > +# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We add four PCI Express Root Ports, all sharing the same > +# slot on the PCI Express Root Bus. These ports support > +# hotplug. > + > +[device "ich9-pcie-port-1"] > + driver = "ioh3420" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.0" > + port = "1" > + chassis = "1" > + > +[device "ich9-pcie-port-2"] > + driver = "ioh3420" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.1" > + port = "2" > + chassis = "2" > + > +[device "ich9-pcie-port-3"] > + driver = "ioh3420" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.2" > + port = "3" > + chassis = "3" > + > +[device "ich9-pcie-port-4"] > + driver = "ioh3420" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.3" > + port = "4" > + chassis = "4" > + > + > +# PCI bridge (legacy PCI bridge) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# This bridge can be used to build an independent topology > +# for legacy PCI devices. PCI Express devices should be > +# plugged into PCI Express slots instead, so ideally there > +# will be no devices connected to this bridge. > + > +[device "ich9-pci-bridge"] > + driver = "i82801b11-bridge" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1e.0" > + > + > +# SATA storage > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# An implicit SATA controller is created automatically for > +# every single q35 guest; here we create a disk, backed by > +# a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, and attach > +# it to that controller so that the guest can use it. > +# > +# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation > +# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully > +# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical > +# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an > +# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out > +# all relevant sections below. > + > +[device "sata-disk"] > + driver = "ide-hd" > + bus = "ide.0" > + drive = "disk" > + bootindex = "1" > + > +[drive "disk"] > + file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME > + format = "qcow2" > + if = "none" > + > +[device "sata-optical-disk"] > + driver = "ide-cd" > + bus = "ide.1" > + drive = "optical-disk" > + bootindex = "2" > + > +[drive "optical-disk"] > + file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME > + format = "raw" > + if = "none" > + > + > +# USB controller (#1) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# EHCI controller + UHCI companion controllers. > + > +[device "ich9-ehci-1"] > + driver = "ich9-usb-ehci1" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1d.7" > + > +[device "ich9-uhci-1"] > + driver = "ich9-usb-uhci1" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1d.0" > + masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0" > + firstport = "0" > + > +[device "ich9-uhci-2"] > + driver = "ich9-usb-uhci2" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1d.1" > + masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0" > + firstport = "2" > + > +[device "ich9-uhci-3"] > + driver = "ich9-usb-uhci3" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1d.2" > + masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0" > + firstport = "4" > + > + > +# USB controller (#2) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# EHCI controller + UHCI companion controllers. > + > +[device "ich9-ehci-2"] > + driver = "ich9-usb-ehci2" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1a.7" > + > +[device "ich9-uhci-4"] > + driver = "ich9-usb-uhci4" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1a.0" > + masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0" > + firstport = "0" > + > +[device "ich9-uhci-5"] > + driver = "ich9-usb-uhci5" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1a.1" > + masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0" > + firstport = "2" > + > +[device "ich9-uhci-6"] > + driver = "ich9-usb-uhci6" > + multifunction = "on" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1a.2" > + masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0" > + firstport = "4" > + > + > +# Ethernet controller > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We add a Gigabit Ethernet interface to the guest; on the > +# host side, we take advantage of user networking so that > +# the QEMU process doesn't require any additional > +# privileges. > + > +[netdev "hostnet"] > + type = "user" > + > +[device "net"] > + driver = "e1000" > + netdev = "hostnet" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "19.0" > + > + > +# VGA compatible controller > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We use stdvga instead of Cirrus as it supports more video > +# modes and is closer to what actual hardware looks like. > +# > +# If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially > +# headless host, you will probably want to append something > +# like > +# > +# -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0 > +# > +# to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from > +# creating a graphical display window on the host and > +# enable remote access instead. > + > +[device "video"] > + driver = "VGA" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "01.0" > + > + > +# Audio device > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# The sound card is a legacy PCI device that is plugged > +# directly into the PCI Express Root Bus. > + > +[device "ich9-hda-audio"] > + driver = "ich9-intel-hda" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1b.0" > + > +[device "ich9-hda-duplex"] > + driver = "hda-duplex" > + bus = "ich9-hda-audio.0" > + cad = "0" > diff --git a/docs/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg b/docs/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg > new file mode 100644 > index 0000000..28bde2f > --- /dev/null > +++ b/docs/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg > @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ > +# q35 - VirtIO guest (graphical console) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# Usage: > +# > +# $ qemu-system-x86_64 \ > +# -nodefaults \ > +# -readconfig q35-virtio-graphical.cfg > +# > +# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as > +# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration! > +# > +# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices > +# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests, > +# and will be accessed through a graphical console. > +# > +# --------------------------------------------------------- > +# > +# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over > +# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will > +# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals > +# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and > +# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add > +# further devices. > +# > +# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as: > +# > +# 00:00.0 Host bridge > +# 00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC > +# 00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller > +# 00:1f.3 SMBus controller > +# > +# This configuration file adds a number of other useful > +# devices, more specifically: > +# > +# 00:01.0 VGA compatible controller > +# 00:1b.0 Audio device > +# 00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) > +# 01:00.0 SCSI storage controller > +# 02:00.0 Ethernet controller > +# 03:00.0 USB controller > +# > +# More information about these devices is available below. > + > + > +# Machine options > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration > +# for better performance. > +# > +# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to > +# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead > +# to obscure boot issues in some cases. > + > +[machine] > + type = "q35" > + accel = "kvm" > + > +[memory] > + size = "1024" > + > + > +# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them > +# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of > +# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain > +# available for hotplug. > + > +[device "pcie.1"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.0" > + port = "1" > + chassis = "1" > + multifunction = "on" > + > +[device "pcie.2"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.1" > + port = "2" > + chassis = "2" > + > +[device "pcie.3"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.2" > + port = "3" > + chassis = "3" > + > +[device "pcie.4"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.3" > + port = "4" > + chassis = "4" > + > +[device "pcie.5"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.4" > + port = "5" > + chassis = "5" > + > +[device "pcie.6"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.5" > + port = "6" > + chassis = "6" > + > +[device "pcie.7"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.6" > + port = "7" > + chassis = "7" > + > +[device "pcie.8"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.7" > + port = "8" > + chassis = "8" > + > + > +# SCSI storage controller (and storage) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large > +# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk, > +# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is > +# attached to it. > +# > +# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation > +# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully > +# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical > +# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an > +# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out > +# all relevant sections below. > + > +[device "scsi"] > + driver = "virtio-scsi-pci" > + bus = "pcie.1" > + addr = "00.0" > + > +[device "scsi-disk"] > + driver = "scsi-hd" > + bus = "scsi.0" > + drive = "disk" > + bootindex = "1" > + > +[drive "disk"] > + file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME > + format = "qcow2" > + if = "none" > + > +[device "scsi-optical-disk"] > + driver = "scsi-cd" > + bus = "scsi.0" > + drive = "optical-disk" > + bootindex = "2" > + > +[drive "optical-disk"] > + file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME > + format = "raw" > + if = "none" > + > + > +# Ethernet controller > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated > +# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user > +# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any > +# additional privileges. > + > +[netdev "hostnet"] > + type = "user" > + > +[device "net"] > + driver = "virtio-net-pci" > + netdev = "hostnet" > + bus = "pcie.2" > + addr = "00.0" > + > + > +# USB controller (and input devices) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and > +# a USB tablet so that graphical guests can be controlled > +# appropriately. A USB keyboard is not needed, as q35 > +# guests get a PS/2 one added automatically. > + > +[device "usb"] > + driver = "nec-usb-xhci" > + bus = "pcie.3" > + addr = "00.0" > + > +[device "tablet"] > + driver = "usb-tablet" > + bus = "usb.0" > + > + > +# VGA compatible controller > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We plug the QXL video card directly into the PCI Express > +# Root Bus as it is a legacy PCI device; this way, we can > +# reduce the number of PCI Express controllers in the > +# guest. > +# > +# If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially > +# headless host, you will probably want to append something > +# like > +# > +# -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0 > +# > +# to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from > +# creating a graphical display window on the host and > +# enable remote access instead. > + > +[device "video"] > + driver = "qxl-vga" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "01.0" > + > + > +# Audio device > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# Like the video card, the sound card is a legacy PCI > +# device and as such can be plugged directly into the PCI > +# Express Root Bus. > + > +[device "sound"] > + driver = "ich9-intel-hda" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1b.0" > + > +[device "duplex"] > + driver = "hda-duplex" > + bus = "sound.0" > + cad = "0" > diff --git a/docs/q35-virtio-serial.cfg b/docs/q35-virtio-serial.cfg > new file mode 100644 > index 0000000..c33c9cc > --- /dev/null > +++ b/docs/q35-virtio-serial.cfg > @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ > +# q35 - VirtIO guest (serial console) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# Usage: > +# > +# $ qemu-system-x86_64 \ > +# -nodefaults \ > +# -readconfig q35-virtio-serial.cfg \ > +# -display none -serial mon:stdio > +# > +# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as > +# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration! > +# > +# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices > +# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests, > +# and will be accessed through the serial console. > +# > +# --------------------------------------------------------- > +# > +# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over > +# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will > +# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals > +# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and > +# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add > +# further devices. > +# > +# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as: > +# > +# 00:00.0 Host bridge > +# 00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC > +# 00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller > +# 00:1f.3 SMBus controller > +# > +# This configuration file adds a number of other useful > +# devices, more specifically: > +# > +# 00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) > +# 01:00.0 SCSI storage controller > +# 02:00.0 Ethernet controller > +# > +# More information about these devices is available below. > +# > +# We use '-display none' to prevent QEMU from creating a > +# graphical display window, which would serve no use in > +# this specific configuration, and '-serial mon:stdio' to > +# multiplex the guest's serial console and the QEMU monitor > +# to the host's stdio; use 'Ctrl+A h' to learn how to > +# switch between the two and more. > + > + > +# Machine options > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration > +# for better performance. > +# > +# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to > +# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead > +# to obscure boot issues in some cases. > + > +[machine] > + type = "q35" > + accel = "kvm" > + > +[memory] > + size = "1024" > + > + > +# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them > +# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of > +# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain > +# available for hotplug. > + > +[device "pcie.1"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.0" > + port = "1" > + chassis = "1" > + multifunction = "on" > + > +[device "pcie.2"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.1" > + port = "2" > + chassis = "2" > + > +[device "pcie.3"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.2" > + port = "3" > + chassis = "3" > + > +[device "pcie.4"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.3" > + port = "4" > + chassis = "4" > + > +[device "pcie.5"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.4" > + port = "5" > + chassis = "5" > + > +[device "pcie.6"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.5" > + port = "6" > + chassis = "6" > + > +[device "pcie.7"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.6" > + port = "7" > + chassis = "7" > + > +[device "pcie.8"] > + driver = "pcie-root-port" > + bus = "pcie.0" > + addr = "1c.7" > + port = "8" > + chassis = "8" > + > + > +# SCSI storage controller (and storage) > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large > +# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk, > +# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is > +# attached to it. > +# > +# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation > +# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully > +# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical > +# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an > +# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out > +# all relevant sections below. > + > +[device "scsi"] > + driver = "virtio-scsi-pci" > + bus = "pcie.1" > + addr = "00.0" > + > +[device "scsi-disk"] > + driver = "scsi-hd" > + bus = "scsi.0" > + drive = "disk" > + bootindex = "1" > + > +[drive "disk"] > + file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME > + format = "qcow2" > + if = "none" > + > +[device "scsi-optical-disk"] > + driver = "scsi-cd" > + bus = "scsi.0" > + drive = "optical-disk" > + bootindex = "2" > + > +[drive "optical-disk"] > + file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME > + format = "raw" > + if = "none" > + > + > +# Ethernet controller > +# ========================================================= > +# > +# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated > +# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user > +# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any > +# additional privileges. > + > +[netdev "hostnet"] > + type = "user" > + > +[device "net"] > + driver = "virtio-net-pci" > + netdev = "hostnet" > + bus = "pcie.2" > + addr = "00.0" > Hi Andrea, Your work is much appreciated. Reviewed-by: Marcel Apfelbaum Thanks, Marcel