From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from lists.gnu.org (lists.gnu.org [209.51.188.17]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 5CA9FEE14C3 for ; Thu, 7 Sep 2023 02:27:34 +0000 (UTC) Received: from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org) by lists.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from ) id 1qe4iv-0006WX-RN; Wed, 06 Sep 2023 22:26:25 -0400 Received: from eggs.gnu.org ([2001:470:142:3::10]) by lists.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256) (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from ) id 1qe4iu-0006WJ-Rf; Wed, 06 Sep 2023 22:26:24 -0400 Received: from mail-vk1-xa31.google.com ([2607:f8b0:4864:20::a31]) by eggs.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:128) (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from ) id 1qe4is-0006Q4-11; Wed, 06 Sep 2023 22:26:24 -0400 Received: by mail-vk1-xa31.google.com with SMTP id 71dfb90a1353d-48d0c7bfc49so264463e0c.0; Wed, 06 Sep 2023 19:26:20 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20221208; t=1694053580; x=1694658380; darn=nongnu.org; h=content-transfer-encoding:cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from :in-reply-to:references:mime-version:from:to:cc:subject:date :message-id:reply-to; bh=juxRsCDNkFTEVk1uQaqw1S8oUpN8LdE7T5F+iUXxlx4=; b=B8rA56CN2traCKO0eW+oSzIDDQNasQMHfMJKrg4Bc3KrdEN41/KvP+pL6DqhtKx3KS rfD6yMeNgfs2UNbUh/u24lcR9i5zZz6NfEQMJ5VM6Mr77zDvpuwj1m3Rr1uKJeChqox/ +11rfVfoDK51ss2DjlnVfiGCj5D85MHVfitPC5jE/1/ttXrp1ojc8fg8Tf4GjCU4cjam 1ZP7YXZKA+ShomlSmam36R2NThJc2Ms8XWZ2u6M66kWPYca5vAGfiyJZzLsbOpOJVoLi n0RWOkonRztL/sGEZwVcaDa2pV2YWrc8wujg8q3o3r0aNb3DnB842CZAO21eNiEpPyEh 0Jwg== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20221208; t=1694053580; x=1694658380; h=content-transfer-encoding:cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from :in-reply-to:references:mime-version:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc :subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=juxRsCDNkFTEVk1uQaqw1S8oUpN8LdE7T5F+iUXxlx4=; b=HHZQCcH4LdN5il67XljZJDDl/ud1u0At44rJ7SsTkRlSfkKUytrB87JZ0sf8WH8Tdz Uat78PaGn2KvjCAnhNLBpvt5QcpmGmwUo1OBN23nWENai1Bnwikbk4g+4uljFomJy+9o LWZ12DTRwTucUyobqFhAUxqZYb5ffnKFwKJjB/e/GgZpgG8O9ojkERc41gvvQxqEQpNB 0+aedBAQx/ePuCS0bWVp5189I37lID1ZB+yiwr1sETjon6RNzpoaDqyEM2JvXyhuA7FL IZrRHI2tgzSN2aqNW8nHaRtc7RsFvduJAhpibxaz6r2h7e6EDLnREUC0X8a3huak2m6r yznA== X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YzlDz54kz+2zH/1hVaEmfdgYbEsqGjjRAVdeWvwZOk2PdPvER6a pTgVRlQkDm82dwUOxv39Cuzups6Ba/qLdWWryfo= X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IHfIpXHrha2VGr3FO1amMbQZxs/mcM2jDW1EPczkpGnWuP759UjeH1XPcKFjFmnjkQDpTm5Btwjty7gsPzPzLg= X-Received: by 2002:a05:6122:250d:b0:48d:969:af8b with SMTP id cl13-20020a056122250d00b0048d0969af8bmr1187798vkb.1.1694053579751; Wed, 06 Sep 2023 19:26:19 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <20230726120706.335340-2-ajones@ventanamicro.com> In-Reply-To: <20230726120706.335340-2-ajones@ventanamicro.com> From: Alistair Francis Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2023 12:25:52 +1000 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [PATCH] docs/devel: Add cross-compiling doc To: Andrew Jones Cc: qemu-devel@nongnu.org, qemu-riscv@nongnu.org, alistair.francis@wdc.com, palmer@dabbelt.com, bin.meng@windriver.com, peter.maydell@linaro.org, Daniel Henrique Barboza Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Received-SPF: pass client-ip=2607:f8b0:4864:20::a31; envelope-from=alistair23@gmail.com; helo=mail-vk1-xa31.google.com X-Spam_score_int: -17 X-Spam_score: -1.8 X-Spam_bar: - X-Spam_report: (-1.8 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1, FREEMAIL_ENVFROM_END_DIGIT=0.25, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001, SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no X-Spam_action: no action X-BeenThere: qemu-devel@nongnu.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.29 Precedence: list List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Errors-To: qemu-devel-bounces+qemu-devel=archiver.kernel.org@nongnu.org Sender: qemu-devel-bounces+qemu-devel=archiver.kernel.org@nongnu.org On Wed, Jul 26, 2023 at 10:08=E2=80=AFPM Andrew Jones wrote: > > Add instructions for how to cross-compile QEMU for RISC-V. The > file is named generically because there's no reason not to collect > other architectures steps into the same file, especially because > several subsections like those for cross-compiling QEMU dependencies > using meson and a cross-file could be shared. Additionally, other > approaches to creating sysroots, such as with debootstrap, may be > documented in this file in the future. > > Signed-off-by: Andrew Jones Acked-by: Alistair Francis Alistair > --- > docs/devel/cross-compiling.rst | 221 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ > 1 file changed, 221 insertions(+) > create mode 100644 docs/devel/cross-compiling.rst > > diff --git a/docs/devel/cross-compiling.rst b/docs/devel/cross-compiling.= rst > new file mode 100644 > index 000000000000..1b988ba54e4c > --- /dev/null > +++ b/docs/devel/cross-compiling.rst > @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ > +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later > + > +=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D > +Cross-compiling QEMU > +=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D > + > +Cross-compiling QEMU first requires the preparation of a cross-toolchain > +and the cross-compiling of QEMU's dependencies. While the steps will be > +similar across architectures, each architecture will have its own specif= ic > +recommendations. This document collects architecture-specific procedures > +and hints that may be used to cross-compile QEMU, where typically the ho= st > +environment is x86. > + > +RISC-V > +=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D > + > +Toolchain > +--------- > + > +Select a root directory for the cross environment > +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > + > +Export an environment variable pointing to a root directory > +for the cross environment. For example, :: > + > + $ export PREFIX=3D"$HOME/opt/riscv" > + > +Create a work directory > +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > + > +Tools and several components will need to be downloaded and built. Creat= e > +a directory for all the work, :: > + > + $ export WORK_DIR=3D"$HOME/work/xqemu" > + $ mkdir -p "$WORK_DIR" > + > +Select and prepare the toolchain > +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > + > +Select a toolchain such as [riscv-toolchain]_ and follow its instruction= s > +for building and installing it to ``$PREFIX``, e.g. :: > + > + $ cd "$WORK_DIR" > + $ git clone https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain > + $ cd riscv-gnu-toolchain > + $ ./configure --prefix=3D"$PREFIX" > + $ make -j$(nproc) linux > + > +Set the ``$CROSS_COMPILE`` environment variable to the prefix of the cro= ss > +tools and add the tools to ``$PATH``, :: > + > +$ export CROSS_COMPILE=3Driscv64-unknown-linux-gnu- > +$ export PATH=3D"$PREFIX/bin:$PATH" > + > +Also set ``$SYSROOT``, where all QEMU cross-compiled dependencies will b= e > +installed. The toolchain installation likely created a 'sysroot' directo= ry > +at ``$PREFIX/sysroot``, which is the default location for most cross > +tools, making it a good location, :: > + > + $ mkdir -p "$PREFIX/sysroot" > + $ export SYSROOT=3D"$PREFIX/sysroot" > + > +Create a pkg-config wrapper > +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > + > +The build processes of QEMU and some of its dependencies depend on > +pkg-config. Create a wrapper script for it which works for the cross > +environment: :: > + > + $ cat <"$PREFIX/bin/${CROSS_COMPILE}pkg-config" > + #!/bin/sh > + > + [ "\$SYSROOT" ] || exit 1 > + > + export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=3D > + export PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR=3D"\${SYSROOT}/usr/lib/pkgconfig:\${SYSROOT}/= usr/lib64/pkgconfig:\${SYSROOT}/usr/share/pkgconfig" > + > + exec pkg-config "\$@" > + EOF > + $ chmod +x "$PREFIX/bin/${CROSS_COMPILE}pkg-config" > + > +Create a cross-file for meson builds > +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > + > +meson setup, used by some of QEMU's dependencies, needs a "cross-file" t= o > +configure the cross environment. Create one, :: > + > + $ cd "$WORK_DIR" > + $ cat <cross_file.txt > + [host_machine] > + system =3D 'linux' > + cpu_family =3D 'riscv64' > + cpu =3D 'riscv64' > + endian =3D 'little' > + > + [binaries] > + c =3D '${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc' > + cpp =3D '${CROSS_COMPILE}g++' > + ar =3D '${CROSS_COMPILE}ar' > + ld =3D '${CROSS_COMPILE}ld' > + objcopy =3D '${CROSS_COMPILE}objcopy' > + strip =3D '${CROSS_COMPILE}strip' > + pkgconfig =3D '${CROSS_COMPILE}pkg-config' > + EOF > + > +Cross-compile dependencies > +-------------------------- > + > +glibc > +^^^^^ > + > +If [riscv-toolchain]_ was selected for the toolchain then this step is > +already complete and glibc has already been installed into ``$SYSROOT``. > +Otherwise, cross-compile glibc and install it to ``$SYSROOT``. > + > +libffi > +^^^^^^ > + > +:: > + > + $ cd "$WORK_DIR" > + $ git clone https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/meson-ports/libff= i.git > + $ cd libffi > + $ meson setup --cross-file ../cross_file.txt --prefix=3D"$SYSROOT/usr"= _build > + $ ninja -C _build > + $ ninja -C _build install > + > +*Building libffi seperately avoids a compilation error generated when > +building it as a subproject of glib.* > + > +glib > +^^^^ > + > +:: > + > + $ cd "$WORK_DIR" > + $ git clone https://github.com/GNOME/glib.git > + $ cd glib > + $ meson setup --cross-file ../cross_file.txt --prefix=3D"$SYSROOT/usr"= _build > + $ ninja -C _build > + $ ninja -C _build install > + > +libslirp [optional] > +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > + > +:: > + > + $ cd "$WORK_DIR" > + $ git clone https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/libslirp.git > + $ cd libslirp > + $ meson setup --cross-file ../cross_file.txt --prefix=3D"$SYSROOT/usr"= _build > + $ ninja -C _build > + $ ninja -C _build install > + > +pixman > +^^^^^^ > + > +First ensure the 'libtool' package is installed, e.g. > +``sudo dnf install libtool`` or ``sudo apt install libtool`` > + > +:: > + > + $ cd "$WORK_DIR" > + $ git clone https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/pixman/pixman > + $ cd pixman > + $ ./autogen.sh > + $ ./configure --prefix=3D"$SYSROOT/usr" --host=3Driscv64-unknown-linux= -gnu > + $ make -j$(nproc) > + $ make install > + > +Cross-compile QEMU > +------------------ > + > +:: > + > + $ cd "$WORK_DIR" > + $ git clone https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu.git > + $ cd qemu > + $ mkdir -p build/install_dir > + $ cd build > + $ ../configure --target-list=3Driscv64-softmmu --cross-prefix=3D$CROSS= _COMPILE --prefix=3D"$PWD/install_dir" > + $ make -j$(nproc) > + $ make install > + > +*Cross-compiling QEMU with different configurations may require more > +dependencies to be built and installed in the sysroot.* > + > +Running QEMU > +------------ > + > +``build/install_dir`` may now be copied to the target and its bin > +directory may be added to the target user's PATH. Prior to running > +QEMU, ensure all the libraries it depends on are present, :: > + > + $ ldd /path/to/bin/qemu-system-riscv64 > + > +For example, it may necessary to install zlib libraries, e.g. > +``sudo dnf install zlib-devel`` or ``sudo apt install zlib1g-dev`` > + > +Subsequent QEMU Cross-compiling > +------------------------------- > + > +Unless it's necessary to update and recompile the toolchain or > +dependencies, then most steps do not need to be repeated for subsequent > +compiles. Simply ensure the toolchain is in ``$PATH``, ``$SYSROOT`` poin= ts > +at the sysroot, and then follow the QEMU cross-compile steps in > +"Cross-compile QEMU". For example, :: > + > + $ export PATH=3D"$HOME/opt/riscv/bin:$PATH" > + $ export SYSROOT=3D"$HOME/opt/riscv/sysroot" > + $ cd /path/to/qemu > + $ mkdir -p build/install_dir > + $ cd build > + $ ../configure --target-list=3Driscv64-softmmu --cross-prefix=3Driscv6= 4-unknown-linux-gnu- --prefix=3D"$PWD/install_dir" > + $ make -j > + $ make install > + > +References > +---------- > + > +.. [riscv-toolchain] https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain > -- > 2.41.0 > >