[PATCH v5 00/26] Generic `Allocator` support for Rust

[Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>]

Hi,

This patch series adds generic kernel allocator support for Rust, which so far
is limited to `kmalloc` allocations.

In order to abstain from (re-)adding unstable Rust features to the kernel, this
patch series does not extend the `Allocator` trait from Rust's `alloc` crate,
nor does it extend the `BoxExt` and `VecExt` extensions.

Instead, this series introduces a kernel specific `Allocator` trait, which is
implemented by the `Kmalloc`, `Vmalloc` and `KVmalloc` allocators, also
implemented in the context of this series.

As a consequence we need our own kernel `Box<T, A>` and `Vec<T, A>` types.
Additionally, this series adds the following type aliases:

```
pub type KBox<T> = Box<T, Kmalloc>;
pub type VBox<T> = Box<T, Vmalloc>;
pub type KVBox<T> = Box<T, KVmalloc>;


pub type KVec<T> = Vec<T, Kmalloc>;
pub type VVec<T> = Vec<T, Vmalloc>;
pub type KVVec<T> = Vec<T, KVmalloc>;
```

With that, we can start using the kernel `Box` and `Vec` types throughout the
tree and remove the now obolete extensions `BoxExt` and `VecExt`.

For a final cleanup, this series removes the last minor dependencies to Rust's
`alloc` crate and removes it from the entire kernel build.

The series ensures not to break the `rusttest` make target by implementing the
`allocator_test` module providing a stub implementation for all kernel
`Allocator`s.

This patch series passes all KUnit tests, including the ones added by this
series. Additionally, the tests were run with `kmemleak` and `KASAN` enabled,
without any issues.

This series is based on [1], which hit -mm/mm-unstable, and is also available
in [2].

[1] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dakr/linux.git/log/?h=mm/krealloc
[2] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dakr/linux.git/log/?h=rust/mm

Changes in v5:
 - (safety) comment / documentation fixes suggested by Alice, Benno and Gary
 - remove `Unique<T>` and implement `Send` and `Sync` for `Box` and `Vec`
 - use `KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE` for `KVmalloc` test and add a `Kmalloc` test that
   expects to fail for `KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE`
 - create use constants `KREALLOC`, `VREALLOC` and `KVREALLOC` for
   `ReallocFuncs`
 - drop `Box::drop_contents` for now, will add it again, once I actually rebase
   on the original patch that introduces it
 - improve usage of `size_of_val` in `Box`
 - move `InPlaceInit` and `ForeignOwnable` impls into kbox.rs
 - fix missing `Box` conversions in rnull.rs
 - reworked `Cmalloc` to keep track of the size of memory allocations itself
 - remove `GlobalAlloc` together with the `alloc` crate to avoid a linker error
 - remove `alloc` from scripts/generate_rust_analyzer.py

Changes in v4:
 - (safety) comment fixes suggested by Alice and Boqun
 - remove `Box::from_raw_alloc` and `Box::into_raw_alloc`, we don't need them
 - in `Box::drop` call `size_of_val` before `drop_in_place`
 - implement ForeignOwnable for Pin<Box<T>> as suggested by Alice
 - in `Vec::extend_with`, iterate over `n` instead of `spare.len()`
 - for `Vmalloc` and `KVmalloc` fail allocation for alignments larger than
   PAGE_SIZE for now (will add support for larger alignments in a separate
   series)
 - implement `Cmalloc` in `allocator_test` and type alias all kernel allocator
   types to it, such that we can use the kernel's `Box` and `Vec` types in
   userspace tests (rusttest)
   - this makes patch "rust: str: test: replace `alloc::format`" rather trivial

Changes in v3:
 - Box:
   - minor documentation fixes
   - removed unnecessary imports in doc tests
   - dropeed `self` argument from some remaining `Box` methods 
   - implement `InPlaceInit` for Box<T, A> rather than specifically for `KBox<T>`
 - Vec:
   - minor documentation fixes
   - removed useless `Vec::allocator` method
   - in `Vec::extend_with` use `Vec::spare_capacity_mut` instead of raw pointer operations
   - added a few missing safety comments
   - pass GFP flags to `Vec::collect`
 - fixed a rustdoc warning in alloc.rs
 - fixed the allocator_test module to implement the `Allocator` trait correctly
 - rebased to rust-next

Changes in v2:
  - preserve `impl GlobalAlloc for Kmalloc` and remove it at the end (Benno)
  - remove `&self` parameter from all `Allocator` functions (Benno)
  - various documentation fixes for `Allocator` (Benno)
  - use `NonNull<u8>` for `Allocator::free` and `Option<NonNull<u8>>` for
    `Allocator::realloc` (Benno)
  - fix leak of `IntoIter` in `Vec::collect` (Boqun)
  - always realloc (try to shrink) in `Vec::collect`, it's up the the
    `Allocator` to provide a heuristic whether it makes sense to actually shrink
  - rename `KBox<T, A>` -> `Box<T, A>` and `KVec<T, A>` -> `Vec<T, A>` and
    provide type aliases `KBox<T>`, `VBox<T>`, `KVBox<T>`, etc.
    - This allows for much cleaner code and, in combination with removing
      `&self` parameters from `Allocator`s, gets us rid of the need for
      `Box::new` and `Box::new_alloc` and all other "_alloc" postfixed
      functions.
    - Before: `KBox::new_alloc(foo, Vmalloc)?`
    - After:  `VBox::new(foo)?`, which resolves to
              `Box::<Foo,  Vmalloc>::new(foo)?;

Danilo Krummrich (26):
  rust: alloc: add `Allocator` trait
  rust: alloc: separate `aligned_size` from `krealloc_aligned`
  rust: alloc: rename `KernelAllocator` to `Kmalloc`
  rust: alloc: implement `Allocator` for `Kmalloc`
  rust: alloc: add module `allocator_test`
  rust: alloc: implement `Vmalloc` allocator
  rust: alloc: implement `KVmalloc` allocator
  rust: alloc: add __GFP_NOWARN to `Flags`
  rust: alloc: implement kernel `Box`
  rust: treewide: switch to our kernel `Box` type
  rust: alloc: remove `BoxExt` extension
  rust: alloc: add `Box` to prelude
  rust: alloc: implement kernel `Vec` type
  rust: alloc: implement `IntoIterator` for `Vec`
  rust: alloc: implement `collect` for `IntoIter`
  rust: treewide: switch to the kernel `Vec` type
  rust: alloc: remove `VecExt` extension
  rust: alloc: add `Vec` to prelude
  rust: error: use `core::alloc::LayoutError`
  rust: error: check for config `test` in `Error::name`
  rust: alloc: implement `contains` for `Flags`
  rust: alloc: implement `Cmalloc` in module allocator_test
  rust: str: test: replace `alloc::format`
  rust: alloc: update module comment of alloc.rs
  kbuild: rust: remove the `alloc` crate and `GlobalAlloc`
  MAINTAINERS: add entry for the Rust `alloc` module

 MAINTAINERS                         |   7 +
 drivers/block/rnull.rs              |   4 +-
 rust/Makefile                       |  44 +-
 rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h     |   1 +
 rust/exports.c                      |   1 -
 rust/helpers.c                      |  16 +-
 rust/kernel/alloc.rs                | 121 +++-
 rust/kernel/alloc/allocator.rs      | 156 +++--
 rust/kernel/alloc/allocator_test.rs | 182 ++++++
 rust/kernel/alloc/box_ext.rs        |  56 --
 rust/kernel/alloc/kbox.rs           | 437 ++++++++++++++
 rust/kernel/alloc/kvec.rs           | 875 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 rust/kernel/alloc/vec_ext.rs        | 185 ------
 rust/kernel/error.rs                |   6 +-
 rust/kernel/init.rs                 |  83 +--
 rust/kernel/init/__internal.rs      |   2 +-
 rust/kernel/lib.rs                  |   1 -
 rust/kernel/prelude.rs              |   5 +-
 rust/kernel/str.rs                  |  35 +-
 rust/kernel/sync/arc.rs             |  17 +-
 rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs         |   4 +-
 rust/kernel/sync/lock/mutex.rs      |   2 +-
 rust/kernel/sync/lock/spinlock.rs   |   2 +-
 rust/kernel/sync/locked_by.rs       |   2 +-
 rust/kernel/types.rs                |  25 +-
 rust/kernel/uaccess.rs              |  17 +-
 rust/kernel/workqueue.rs            |  20 +-
 rust/macros/lib.rs                  |  12 +-
 samples/rust/rust_minimal.rs        |   4 +-
 scripts/Makefile.build              |   7 +-
 scripts/generate_rust_analyzer.py   |  11 +-
 31 files changed, 1853 insertions(+), 487 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 rust/kernel/alloc/allocator_test.rs
 delete mode 100644 rust/kernel/alloc/box_ext.rs
 create mode 100644 rust/kernel/alloc/kbox.rs
 create mode 100644 rust/kernel/alloc/kvec.rs
 delete mode 100644 rust/kernel/alloc/vec_ext.rs


base-commit: c0d669a6bbe161a3afa26dea3d8491863e352e59
-- 
2.45.2