[PATCH AUTOSEL 4.19 23/36] ARM: spectre-v2: per-CPU vtables to work around big.Little systems

Sasha Levin
2018-11-22T19:52:27Z

From: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>

[ Upstream commit 383fb3ee8024d596f488d2dbaf45e572897acbdb ]

In big.Little systems, some CPUs require the Spectre workarounds in
paths such as the context switch, but other CPUs do not. In order
to handle these differences, we need per-CPU vtables.

We are unable to use the kernel's per-CPU variables to support this
as per-CPU is not initialised at times when we need access to the
vtables, so we have to use an array indexed by logical CPU number.

We use an array-of-pointers to avoid having function pointers in
the kernel's read/write .data section.

Reviewed-by: Julien Thierry <julien.thierry@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
---
arch/arm/include/asm/proc-fns.h | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/arm/kernel/setup.c | 5 +++++
arch/arm/kernel/smp.c | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/arm/mm/proc-v7-bugs.c | 17 ++---------------
4 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/proc-fns.h b/arch/arm/include/asm/proc-fns.h
index c259cc49c641..e1b6f280ab08 100644
--- a/arch/arm/include/asm/proc-fns.h
+++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/proc-fns.h
@@ -104,12 +104,35 @@ extern void cpu_do_resume(void *);
#else

extern struct processor processor;
+#if defined(CONFIG_BIG_LITTLE) && defined(CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR)
+#include <linux/smp.h>
+/*
+ * This can't be a per-cpu variable because we need to access it before
+ * per-cpu has been initialised. We have a couple of functions that are
+ * called in a pre-emptible context, and so can't use smp_processor_id()
+ * there, hence PROC_TABLE(). We insist in init_proc_vtable() that the
+ * function pointers for these are identical across all CPUs.
+ */
+extern struct processor *cpu_vtable[];
+#define PROC_VTABLE(f) cpu_vtable[smp_processor_id()]->f
+#define PROC_TABLE(f) cpu_vtable[0]->f
+static inline void init_proc_vtable(const struct processor *p)
+{
+ unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
+ *cpu_vtable[cpu] = *p;
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(cpu_vtable[cpu]->dcache_clean_area !=
+ cpu_vtable[0]->dcache_clean_area);
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(cpu_vtable[cpu]->set_pte_ext !=
+ cpu_vtable[0]->set_pte_ext);
+}
+#else
#define PROC_VTABLE(f) processor.f
#define PROC_TABLE(f) processor.f
static inline void init_proc_vtable(const struct processor *p)
{
processor = *p;
}
+#endif

#define cpu_proc_init PROC_VTABLE(_proc_init)
#define cpu_check_bugs PROC_VTABLE(check_bugs)
diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/setup.c b/arch/arm/kernel/setup.c
index f269f4440496..7bbaa293a38c 100644
--- a/arch/arm/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/arm/kernel/setup.c
@@ -115,6 +115,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(elf_hwcap2);

#ifdef MULTI_CPU
struct processor processor __ro_after_init;
+#if defined(CONFIG_BIG_LITTLE) && defined(CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR)
+struct processor *cpu_vtable[NR_CPUS] = {
+ [0] = &processor,
+};
+#endif
#endif
#ifdef MULTI_TLB
struct cpu_tlb_fns cpu_tlb __ro_after_init;
diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/smp.c b/arch/arm/kernel/smp.c
index 0978282d5fc2..12a6172263c0 100644
--- a/arch/arm/kernel/smp.c
+++ b/arch/arm/kernel/smp.c
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
+#include <asm/procinfo.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
@@ -102,6 +103,30 @@ static unsigned long get_arch_pgd(pgd_t *pgd)
#endif
}

+#if defined(CONFIG_BIG_LITTLE) && defined(CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR)
+static int secondary_biglittle_prepare(unsigned int cpu)
+{
+ if (!cpu_vtable[cpu])
+ cpu_vtable[cpu] = kzalloc(sizeof(*cpu_vtable[cpu]), GFP_KERNEL);
+
+ return cpu_vtable[cpu] ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+static void secondary_biglittle_init(void)
+{
+ init_proc_vtable(lookup_processor(read_cpuid_id())->proc);
+}
+#else
+static int secondary_biglittle_prepare(unsigned int cpu)
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void secondary_biglittle_init(void)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
int __cpu_up(unsigned int cpu, struct task_struct *idle)
{
int ret;
@@ -109,6 +134,10 @@ int __cpu_up(unsigned int cpu, struct task_struct *idle)
if (!smp_ops.smp_boot_secondary)
return -ENOSYS;

+ ret = secondary_biglittle_prepare(cpu);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
/*
* We need to tell the secondary core where to find
* its stack and the page tables.
@@ -359,6 +388,8 @@ asmlinkage void secondary_start_kernel(void)
struct mm_struct *mm = &init_mm;
unsigned int cpu;

+ secondary_biglittle_init();
+
/*
* The identity mapping is uncached (strongly ordered), so
* switch away from it before attempting any exclusive accesses.
diff --git a/arch/arm/mm/proc-v7-bugs.c b/arch/arm/mm/proc-v7-bugs.c
index 5544b82a2e7a..9a07916af8dd 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mm/proc-v7-bugs.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mm/proc-v7-bugs.c
@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@ static void cpu_v7_spectre_init(void)
case ARM_CPU_PART_CORTEX_A17:
case ARM_CPU_PART_CORTEX_A73:
case ARM_CPU_PART_CORTEX_A75:
- if (processor.switch_mm != cpu_v7_bpiall_switch_mm)
- goto bl_error;
per_cpu(harden_branch_predictor_fn, cpu) =
harden_branch_predictor_bpiall;
spectre_v2_method = "BPIALL";
@@ -61,8 +59,6 @@ static void cpu_v7_spectre_init(void)

case ARM_CPU_PART_CORTEX_A15:
case ARM_CPU_PART_BRAHMA_B15:
- if (processor.switch_mm != cpu_v7_iciallu_switch_mm)
- goto bl_error;
per_cpu(harden_branch_predictor_fn, cpu) =
harden_branch_predictor_iciallu;
spectre_v2_method = "ICIALLU";
@@ -88,11 +84,9 @@ static void cpu_v7_spectre_init(void)
ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1, &res);
if ((int)res.a0 != 0)
break;
- if (processor.switch_mm != cpu_v7_hvc_switch_mm && cpu)
- goto bl_error;
per_cpu(harden_branch_predictor_fn, cpu) =
call_hvc_arch_workaround_1;
- processor.switch_mm = cpu_v7_hvc_switch_mm;
+ cpu_do_switch_mm = cpu_v7_hvc_switch_mm;
spectre_v2_method = "hypervisor";
break;

@@ -101,11 +95,9 @@ static void cpu_v7_spectre_init(void)
ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1, &res);
if ((int)res.a0 != 0)
break;
- if (processor.switch_mm != cpu_v7_smc_switch_mm && cpu)
- goto bl_error;
per_cpu(harden_branch_predictor_fn, cpu) =
call_smc_arch_workaround_1;
- processor.switch_mm = cpu_v7_smc_switch_mm;
+ cpu_do_switch_mm = cpu_v7_smc_switch_mm;
spectre_v2_method = "firmware";
break;

@@ -119,11 +111,6 @@ static void cpu_v7_spectre_init(void)
if (spectre_v2_method)
pr_info("CPU%u: Spectre v2: using %s workaround\n",
smp_processor_id(), spectre_v2_method);
- return;
-
-bl_error:
- pr_err("CPU%u: Spectre v2: incorrect context switching function, system vulnerable\n",
- cpu);
}
#else
static void cpu_v7_spectre_init(void)
--
2.17.1