[PATCH 5.4 133/154] locking/semaphore: Use wake_q to wake up processes outside lock critical section

Greg Kroah-Hartman
2025-04-08T12:08:12Z

From: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>

[ Upstream commit 85b2b9c16d053364e2004883140538e73b333cdb ]

A circular lock dependency splat has been seen involving down_trylock():

======================================================
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
6.12.0-41.el10.s390x+debug
------------------------------------------------------
dd/32479 is trying to acquire lock:
0015a20accd0d4f8 ((console_sem).lock){-.-.}-{2:2}, at: down_trylock+0x26/0x90

but task is already holding lock:
000000017e461698 (&zone->lock){-.-.}-{2:2}, at: rmqueue_bulk+0xac/0x8f0

the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
-> #4 (&zone->lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:
-> #3 (hrtimer_bases.lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:
-> #2 (&rq->__lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:
-> #1 (&p->pi_lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:
-> #0 ((console_sem).lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:

The console_sem -> pi_lock dependency is due to calling try_to_wake_up()
while holding the console_sem raw_spinlock. This dependency can be broken
by using wake_q to do the wakeup instead of calling try_to_wake_up()
under the console_sem lock. This will also make the semaphore's
raw_spinlock become a terminal lock without taking any further locks
underneath it.

The hrtimer_bases.lock is a raw_spinlock while zone->lock is a
spinlock. The hrtimer_bases.lock -> zone->lock dependency happens via
the debug_objects_fill_pool() helper function in the debugobjects code.

-> #4 (&zone->lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:
__lock_acquire+0xe86/0x1cc0
lock_acquire.part.0+0x258/0x630
lock_acquire+0xb8/0xe0
_raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0xb4/0x120
rmqueue_bulk+0xac/0x8f0
__rmqueue_pcplist+0x580/0x830
rmqueue_pcplist+0xfc/0x470
rmqueue.isra.0+0xdec/0x11b0
get_page_from_freelist+0x2ee/0xeb0
__alloc_pages_noprof+0x2c2/0x520
alloc_pages_mpol_noprof+0x1fc/0x4d0
alloc_pages_noprof+0x8c/0xe0
allocate_slab+0x320/0x460
___slab_alloc+0xa58/0x12b0
__slab_alloc.isra.0+0x42/0x60
kmem_cache_alloc_noprof+0x304/0x350
fill_pool+0xf6/0x450
debug_object_activate+0xfe/0x360
enqueue_hrtimer+0x34/0x190
__run_hrtimer+0x3c8/0x4c0
__hrtimer_run_queues+0x1b2/0x260
hrtimer_interrupt+0x316/0x760
do_IRQ+0x9a/0xe0
do_irq_async+0xf6/0x160

Normally a raw_spinlock to spinlock dependency is not legitimate
and will be warned if CONFIG_PROVE_RAW_LOCK_NESTING is enabled,
but debug_objects_fill_pool() is an exception as it explicitly
allows this dependency for non-PREEMPT_RT kernel without causing
PROVE_RAW_LOCK_NESTING lockdep splat. As a result, this dependency is
legitimate and not a bug.

Anyway, semaphore is the only locking primitive left that is still
using try_to_wake_up() to do wakeup inside critical section, all the
other locking primitives had been migrated to use wake_q to do wakeup
outside of the critical section. It is also possible that there are
other circular locking dependencies involving printk/console_sem or
other existing/new semaphores lurking somewhere which may show up in
the future. Let just do the migration now to wake_q to avoid headache
like this.

Reported-by: yzbot+ed801a886dfdbfe7136d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250307232717.1759087-3-boqun.feng@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
---
kernel/locking/semaphore.c | 13 +++++++++----
1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/locking/semaphore.c b/kernel/locking/semaphore.c
index d9dd94defc0a9..19389fdbfdfb1 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/semaphore.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/semaphore.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/debug.h>
+#include <linux/sched/wake_q.h>
#include <linux/semaphore.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ static noinline void __down(struct semaphore *sem);
static noinline int __down_interruptible(struct semaphore *sem);
static noinline int __down_killable(struct semaphore *sem);
static noinline int __down_timeout(struct semaphore *sem, long timeout);
-static noinline void __up(struct semaphore *sem);
+static noinline void __up(struct semaphore *sem, struct wake_q_head *wake_q);

/**
* down - acquire the semaphore
@@ -178,13 +179,16 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(down_timeout);
void up(struct semaphore *sem)
{
unsigned long flags;
+ DEFINE_WAKE_Q(wake_q);

raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&sem->lock, flags);
if (likely(list_empty(&sem->wait_list)))
sem->count++;
else
- __up(sem);
+ __up(sem, &wake_q);
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sem->lock, flags);
+ if (!wake_q_empty(&wake_q))
+ wake_up_q(&wake_q);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(up);

@@ -252,11 +256,12 @@ static noinline int __sched __down_timeout(struct semaphore *sem, long timeout)
return __down_common(sem, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE, timeout);
}

-static noinline void __sched __up(struct semaphore *sem)
+static noinline void __sched __up(struct semaphore *sem,
+ struct wake_q_head *wake_q)
{
struct semaphore_waiter *waiter = list_first_entry(&sem->wait_list,
struct semaphore_waiter, list);
list_del(&waiter->list);
waiter->up = true;
- wake_up_process(waiter->task);
+ wake_q_add(wake_q, waiter->task);
}
--
2.39.5