From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from smtp.kernel.org (aws-us-west-2-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [10.30.226.201]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 5BFB91DBB3A; Fri, 9 Jan 2026 11:44:30 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=10.30.226.201 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1767959070; cv=none; b=O16c2RZJoNWYMj2ciwLmVk4Gl85lFIAJA9101gPS/Oj7x3qVIy5fgEHZP0ZA8ttr72qXf7S6czAHojpndiBMRU+FarKKavaWTQO34Le28UwL9lWCKATbIM3rOmfRTAVd5NCLfwtIz6CDwMQomS3VvFxCproPPXeqhkdDUISwziM= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1767959070; c=relaxed/simple; bh=x2s/JfQPQf6ik9HW094ttCyOueYQjppz289DxffulMY=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:Message-ID:In-Reply-To:References: MIME-Version; b=Lp5bXTWk0LsRVfHAwIZk7sPWS6Ma1rVuu3TvrA1nSGGA4oQ30Ncq+LwnIlPMaXEUUf1V/xRVv9PrBpL7p4cnbBk5LIFofWnAMilbophZz3vYiWF0w8j+sY/Riifr9c8QMTV7UQkIGiIZzW7apHtnhBKOXjBB8bdCv6d3iHJaxxo= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=linuxfoundation.org header.i=@linuxfoundation.org header.b=HQTgoRyB; arc=none smtp.client-ip=10.30.226.201 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=linuxfoundation.org header.i=@linuxfoundation.org header.b="HQTgoRyB" Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 9A529C4CEF1; Fri, 9 Jan 2026 11:44:29 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=linuxfoundation.org; s=korg; t=1767959070; bh=x2s/JfQPQf6ik9HW094ttCyOueYQjppz289DxffulMY=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:In-Reply-To:References:From; b=HQTgoRyBMAOxAPk2szXdmzyLPBW37vtyX2lMyvxPoRS4ojB2g1bnhlf27gyjZFwp7 f9H+aB7RkYLIKJodZruGT9raZiGliEfLKONLczFwRZmDYZSjS0zSUAE39fsAeA5HsN 8PnPzrMYcxHx29ksYISYvGW1Ey8+Jc6euyq/NQPY= From: Greg Kroah-Hartman To: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman , patches@lists.linux.dev, "Peter Zijlstra (Intel)" , Dietmar Eggemann , Chris Mason , Ajay Kaher Subject: [PATCH 6.12 13/16] sched/fair: Proportional newidle balance Date: Fri, 9 Jan 2026 12:43:54 +0100 Message-ID: <20260109111951.922467193@linuxfoundation.org> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.52.0 In-Reply-To: <20260109111951.415522519@linuxfoundation.org> References: <20260109111951.415522519@linuxfoundation.org> User-Agent: quilt/0.69 X-stable: review X-Patchwork-Hint: ignore Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: stable@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 6.12-stable review patch. If anyone has any objections, please let me know. ------------------ From: Peter Zijlstra commit 33cf66d88306663d16e4759e9d24766b0aaa2e17 upstream. Add a randomized algorithm that runs newidle balancing proportional to its success rate. This improves schbench significantly: 6.18-rc4: 2.22 Mrps/s 6.18-rc4+revert: 2.04 Mrps/s 6.18-rc4+revert+random: 2.18 Mrps/S Conversely, per Adam Li this affects SpecJBB slightly, reducing it by 1%: 6.17: -6% 6.17+revert: 0% 6.17+revert+random: -1% Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Reviewed-by: Dietmar Eggemann Tested-by: Dietmar Eggemann Tested-by: Chris Mason Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/6825c50d-7fa7-45d8-9b81-c6e7e25738e2@meta.com Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251107161739.770122091@infradead.org [ Ajay: Modified to apply on v6.12 ] Signed-off-by: Ajay Kaher Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman --- include/linux/sched/topology.h | 3 ++ kernel/sched/core.c | 3 ++ kernel/sched/fair.c | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- kernel/sched/features.h | 5 ++++ kernel/sched/sched.h | 7 ++++++ kernel/sched/topology.c | 6 +++++ 6 files changed, 64 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) --- a/include/linux/sched/topology.h +++ b/include/linux/sched/topology.h @@ -106,6 +106,9 @@ struct sched_domain { unsigned int nr_balance_failed; /* initialise to 0 */ /* idle_balance() stats */ + unsigned int newidle_call; + unsigned int newidle_success; + unsigned int newidle_ratio; u64 max_newidle_lb_cost; unsigned long last_decay_max_lb_cost; --- a/kernel/sched/core.c +++ b/kernel/sched/core.c @@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ EXPORT_TRACEPOINT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_updat EXPORT_TRACEPOINT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_compute_energy_tp); DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct rq, runqueues); +DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rnd_state, sched_rnd_state); #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG /* @@ -8335,6 +8336,8 @@ void __init sched_init_smp(void) { sched_init_numa(NUMA_NO_NODE); + prandom_init_once(&sched_rnd_state); + /* * There's no userspace yet to cause hotplug operations; hence all the * CPU masks are stable and all blatant races in the below code cannot --- a/kernel/sched/fair.c +++ b/kernel/sched/fair.c @@ -12186,11 +12186,27 @@ void update_max_interval(void) max_load_balance_interval = HZ*num_online_cpus()/10; } -static inline bool update_newidle_cost(struct sched_domain *sd, u64 cost) +static inline void update_newidle_stats(struct sched_domain *sd, unsigned int success) +{ + sd->newidle_call++; + sd->newidle_success += success; + + if (sd->newidle_call >= 1024) { + sd->newidle_ratio = sd->newidle_success; + sd->newidle_call /= 2; + sd->newidle_success /= 2; + } +} + +static inline bool +update_newidle_cost(struct sched_domain *sd, u64 cost, unsigned int success) { unsigned long next_decay = sd->last_decay_max_lb_cost + HZ; unsigned long now = jiffies; + if (cost) + update_newidle_stats(sd, success); + if (cost > sd->max_newidle_lb_cost) { /* * Track max cost of a domain to make sure to not delay the @@ -12238,7 +12254,7 @@ static void sched_balance_domains(struct * Decay the newidle max times here because this is a regular * visit to all the domains. */ - need_decay = update_newidle_cost(sd, 0); + need_decay = update_newidle_cost(sd, 0, 0); max_cost += sd->max_newidle_lb_cost; /* @@ -12896,6 +12912,22 @@ static int sched_balance_newidle(struct break; if (sd->flags & SD_BALANCE_NEWIDLE) { + unsigned int weight = 1; + + if (sched_feat(NI_RANDOM)) { + /* + * Throw a 1k sided dice; and only run + * newidle_balance according to the success + * rate. + */ + u32 d1k = sched_rng() % 1024; + weight = 1 + sd->newidle_ratio; + if (d1k > weight) { + update_newidle_stats(sd, 0); + continue; + } + weight = (1024 + weight/2) / weight; + } pulled_task = sched_balance_rq(this_cpu, this_rq, sd, CPU_NEWLY_IDLE, @@ -12903,10 +12935,14 @@ static int sched_balance_newidle(struct t1 = sched_clock_cpu(this_cpu); domain_cost = t1 - t0; - update_newidle_cost(sd, domain_cost); - curr_cost += domain_cost; t0 = t1; + + /* + * Track max cost of a domain to make sure to not delay the + * next wakeup on the CPU. + */ + update_newidle_cost(sd, domain_cost, weight * !!pulled_task); } /* --- a/kernel/sched/features.h +++ b/kernel/sched/features.h @@ -122,3 +122,8 @@ SCHED_FEAT(WA_BIAS, true) SCHED_FEAT(UTIL_EST, true) SCHED_FEAT(LATENCY_WARN, false) + +/* + * Do newidle balancing proportional to its success rate using randomization. + */ +SCHED_FEAT(NI_RANDOM, true) --- a/kernel/sched/sched.h +++ b/kernel/sched/sched.h @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ #ifndef _KERNEL_SCHED_SCHED_H #define _KERNEL_SCHED_SCHED_H +#include #include #include #include @@ -1348,6 +1349,12 @@ static inline bool is_migration_disabled } DECLARE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct rq, runqueues); +DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct rnd_state, sched_rnd_state); + +static inline u32 sched_rng(void) +{ + return prandom_u32_state(this_cpu_ptr(&sched_rnd_state)); +} #define cpu_rq(cpu) (&per_cpu(runqueues, (cpu))) #define this_rq() this_cpu_ptr(&runqueues) --- a/kernel/sched/topology.c +++ b/kernel/sched/topology.c @@ -1632,6 +1632,12 @@ sd_init(struct sched_domain_topology_lev .last_balance = jiffies, .balance_interval = sd_weight, + + /* 50% success rate */ + .newidle_call = 512, + .newidle_success = 256, + .newidle_ratio = 512, + .max_newidle_lb_cost = 0, .last_decay_max_lb_cost = jiffies, .child = child,