[U-Boot-Users] How to boot Multi-file image?

[U-Boot-Users] How to boot Multi-file image?

[llandre]

I made a multi-file imgage as described here
http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/CombiningKernelAndRamdisk
but I can't boot it bacuse the kernel does not find the ramdisk image.
How to say to the kernel where to find it? Isuspect I'm missing some
command line parameters ...


zefeer> bootm $(kraddr)
## Booting image at d0100000 ...
    Image Name:   multi
    Image Type:   ARM Linux Multi-File Image (gzip compressed)
    Data Size:    2991841 Bytes =  2.9 MB
    Load Address: d0008000
    Entry Point:  d0008000
    Contents:
    Image 0:  1489174 Bytes =  1.4 MB
    Image 1:  1502653 Bytes =  1.4 MB
    Verifying Checksum ... OK
    Uncompressing Multi-File Image ... OK

Starting kernel ...

Uncompressing 
Linux............................................................................
.......................... done, booting the kernel.
Linux version 2.6.9-rc2-ep93xx (llandre at linuxserver) (gcc version 3.3.3 
(DENX ELDK 3.1 3.3.3-8)
) #1 Fri Aug 26 16:21:23 CEST 2005
CPU: ARM920Tid(wb) [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T)
CPU: D VIVT write-back cache
CPU: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
CPU: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
Machine: Zefeer DZQ
initrd (0x5b79897c - 0x97a40860) extends beyond physical memory - disabling 
initrd
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
Built 2 zonelists
Kernel command line: 
ip=192.168.0.89:192.168.0.23::255.255.255.0:Zefeer:eth0:off panic=1 ethadd
r=00:50:c2:1e:af:e0 root=/dev/ram console=ttyAM0,115200

[...]

IP-Config: Complete:
       device=eth0, addr=192.168.0.89, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=255.255.255.255,
      host=Zefeer, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
      bootserver=192.168.0.23, rootserver=192.168.0.23, rootpath=
UDF-fs: No partition found (1)
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(1,0)
  <0>Rebooting in 1 seconds..


llandre

DAVE Electronics System House - R&D Department
web:   http://www.dave-tech.it
email: r&d2 at dave-tech.it

[U-Boot-Users] Re: [U-Boot-Users] How to boot Multi-file image?

[Patrick ..]

> I made a multi-file imgage as described here
> http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/CombiningKernelAndRamdisk
> but I can't boot it bacuse the kernel does not find the ramdisk image.
> How to say to the kernel where to find it? Isuspect I'm missing some
> command line parameters ...
> 

Have you successfully booted with two single-file images?

I have found (after much agony) that booting the 2.6 kernel from U-Boot
requires modification of the kernel code in order for it to be able to read
an initrd image from flash (there is an old patch floating around for the
2.4 kernel somewhere).  Personally i decided against this, and experimented
with copying the rom image into ram.

Copying from rom to ram will work, as long as the image file is a raw gzip
file (not created with mkimage), as the kernel doesn't seem to understand 
anything else.  If there is a command to manually uncompress an image file
into ram i am not aware of it.

Hope this helps,

-Patrick

-- 
GMX DSL = Maximale Leistung zum minimalen Preis!
2000 MB nur 2,99, Flatrate ab 4,99 Euro/Monat: http://www.gmx.net/de/go/dsl

[U-Boot-Users] How to boot Multi-file image?

[Wolfgang Denk]

In message <6.2.1.2.0.20050826164053.02f4ae60@192.168.2.1> you wrote:
> I made a multi-file imgage as described here
> http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/CombiningKernelAndRamdisk
> but I can't boot it bacuse the kernel does not find the ramdisk image.
> How to say to the kernel where to find it? Isuspect I'm missing some
> command line parameters ...

Enable debugging to see if all ATAGs are passed correctly...

Here is how it works for me (with a 2.4 kernel):


Normal "uImage" and "uRamdisk":

	-> mkimage -l  uImage
	Image Name:   ARM Linux-2.4.27
	Created:      Tue Jan 18 22:51:40 2005
	Image Type:   ARM Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
	Data Size:    697368 Bytes = 681.02 kB = 0.67 MB
	Load Address: 0x20008000
	Entry Point:  0x20008000
	-> mkimage -l  uRamdisk 
	Image Name:   Simple Embedded Linux Framework
	Created:      Wed Nov 10 01:35:20 2004
	Image Type:   ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
	Data Size:    1502217 Bytes = 1467.01 kB = 1.43 MB
	Load Address: 0x00000000
	Entry Point:  0x00000000

Extract raw (compressed) images:

	-> dd if=uImage of=kernel.gz bs=64 skip=1
	10896+1 records in
	10896+1 records out
	-> dd if=uRamdisk of=ramdisk.gz bs=64 skip=1
	23472+1 records in
	23472+1 records out

Build multi-file image:

	-> mkimage -A arm -T multi -C gzip -a 0x20008000 -e 0x20008000 -n 'Multi-File Test Image' -d kernel.gz:ramdisk.gz uMulti
	Image Name:   Multi-File Test Image
	Created:      Sun Aug 28 00:15:01 2005
	Image Type:   ARM Linux Multi-File Image (gzip compressed)
	Data Size:    2199597 Bytes = 2148.04 kB = 2.10 MB
	Load Address: 0x20008000
	Entry Point:  0x20008000
	Contents:
	   Image 0:   697368 Bytes =  681 kB = 0 MB
	   Image 1:  1502217 Bytes = 1467 kB = 1 MB


On the target:

Download:

=> tftp $(loadaddr) cmcpu2/uMulti
TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.20.1
Filename 'cmcpu2/uMulti'.
Load address: 0x20800000
Loading: #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         ########################################
done
Bytes transferred = 2199661 (21906d hex)


Check:

=> imi 20800000

## Checking Image at 20800000 ...
   Image Name:   Multi-File Test Image
   Created:      2005-08-27  22:15:01 UTC
   Image Type:   ARM Linux Multi-File Image (gzip compressed)
   Data Size:    2199597 Bytes =  2.1 MB
   Load Address: 20008000
   Entry Point:  20008000
   Contents:
   Image 0:   697368 Bytes = 681 kB
   Image 1:  1502217 Bytes =  1.4 MB
   Verifying Checksum ... OK

Boot:

=> print bootargs
bootargs=root=/dev/ram rw ip=192.168.20.1:192.168.1.1:192.168.1.254:255.255.0.0:cmcpu2:eth0:off panic=1
=> bootm 20800000
## Booting image at 20800000 ...
   Image Name:   Multi-File Test Image
   Created:      2005-08-27  22:15:01 UTC
   Image Type:   ARM Linux Multi-File Image (gzip compressed)
   Data Size:    2199597 Bytes =  2.1 MB
   Load Address: 20008000
   Entry Point:  20008000
   Contents:
   Image 0:   697368 Bytes = 681 kB
   Image 1:  1502217 Bytes =  1.4 MB
   Verifying Checksum ... OK
   Uncompressing Multi-File Image ... OK

Starting kernel ...

Linux version 2.4.27-vrs1 (wd at atlas.denx.de) (gcc version 3.3.3 (DENX ELDK 3.1 3.3.3-8)) #1 Tue Jan 18 22:49:47 MET 2005
CPU: Arm920Tid(wb) revision 0
Machine: ATMEL AT91RM9200
On node 0 totalpages: 4096
zone(0): 4096 pages.
zone(1): 0 pages.
zone(2): 0 pages.
Kernel command line: root=/dev/ram rw ip=192.168.20.1:192.168.1.1:192.168.1.254:255.255.0.0:cmcpu2:eth0:off panic=1
Calibrating delay loop... 34.50 BogoMIPS
Memory: 16MB = 16MB total
Memory: 13080KB available (1289K code, 271K data, 56K init)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Inode cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
Mount cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
Buffer cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
Page-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
CPU: Testing write buffer: pass
POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4
Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039
Initializing RT netlink socket
Starting kswapd
Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir at monad.swb.de).
JFFS2 version 2.1. (C) 2001 Red Hat, Inc., designed by Axis Communications AB.
RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 8192K size 1024 blocksize
 Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table v1.3 at 0x0040
number of CFI chips: 1
cfi_cmdset_0002: Disabling fast programming due to code brokenness.
Creating 5 MTD partitions on "CMC PU2 flash":
0x00000000-0x00020000 : "Firmware"
0x00020000-0x00030000 : "Environment"
0x00030000-0x000f0000 : "Kernel"
0x000f0000-0x00780000 : "Filesystem 1"
0x00780000-0x00800000 : "Filesystem 2"
i2c-core.o: i2c core module version 2.6.1 (20010830)
i2c-dev.o: i2c /dev entries driver module version 2.6.1 (20010830)
ttyS0 at MMIO 0xfefc0000 (irq = 6) is a AT91_SERIAL
ttyS1 at MMIO 0xfefc4000 (irq = 7) is a AT91_SERIAL
ttyS2 at MMIO 0xfefc8000 (irq = 8) is a AT91_SERIAL
ttyS3 at MMIO 0xfefcc000 (irq = 9) is a AT91_SERIAL
ttyS4 at MMIO 0xfefff200 (irq = 1) is a AT91_SERIAL
eth0: Link now 100-FullDuplex
eth0: AT91 ethernet at 0xfefbc000 int=24 100-FullDuplex (f6:70:1d:61:b5:9d)
eth0: Davicom 9196 PHY (Copper)
AT91 Watchdog Timer enabled (5 seconds)
Found AT91 i2c
I2C: RS5C372 RTC driver successfully loaded
CMC buzzer driver $Revision: 0.2 $
CMC digital IO driver $Revision: 0.2 $
Serial driver version 0.03 (2004-12-17) with no serial options enabled
ttyS5 at 0xc2084000 (irq = 29) is a TI16752
ttyS6 at 0xc2086000 (irq = 30) is a TI16752
NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0
IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP
IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 2048)
eth0: Link now 100-FullDuplex
IP-Config: Complete:
      device=eth0, addr=192.168.20.1, mask=255.255.0.0, gw=192.168.1.254,
     host=cmcpu2, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
     bootserver=192.168.1.1, rootserver=192.168.1.1, rootpath=
NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0.
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)
RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
Freeing initrd memory: 1467K
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
Freeing init memory: 56K


BusyBox v0.60.5 (2004.11.10-00:31+0000) Built-in shell (msh)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

# 



Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

-- 
Software Engineering:  Embedded and Realtime Systems,  Embedded Linux
Phone: (+49)-8142-66989-10 Fax: (+49)-8142-66989-80 Email: wd at denx.de
"There are things that are so serious that you can  only  joke  about
them"                                                    - Heisenberg

[U-Boot-Users] How to boot Multi-file image?

[llandre]

Hi,

>Have you successfully booted with two single-file images?

yes.


>I have found (after much agony) that booting the 2.6 kernel from U-Boot
>requires modification of the kernel code in order for it to be able to read
>an initrd image from flash (there is an old patch floating around for the
>2.4 kernel somewhere).  Personally i decided against this, and experimented
>with copying the rom image into ram.

To boot single-file images I applied a patch released by Russell King to load
the ramdisk image directly from a MTD partition. The kernel is 
2.6.x-ep93xx. You
can find more information and the sources here:
http://members.inode.at/m.burian/ep93xx/index.html.


>Copying from rom to ram will work, as long as the image file is a raw gzip
>file (not created with mkimage), as the kernel doesn't seem to understand
>anything else.  If there is a command to manually uncompress an image file
>into ram i am not aware of it.

We use this technique with our ARM7-based platforms.


Thanks for your help,

llandre

DAVE Electronics System House - R&D Department
web:   http://www.dave-tech.it
email: r&d2 at dave-tech.it

[U-Boot-Users] How to boot Multi-file image?

[Wolfgang Denk]

In message <6.2.1.2.0.20050829091939.030665a0@192.168.2.1> you wrote:
> 
> To boot single-file images I applied a patch released by Russell King to load
> the ramdisk image directly from a MTD partition. The kernel is 
...
> >Copying from rom to ram will work, as long as the image file is a raw gzip
...
> We use this technique with our ARM7-based platforms.

Is there any spoecial reason for *not* fixing the kernel to accept  a
ramdisk image in flash? The required changes have been posted before;
ok, this was for a 2.4 kernel, but it's not exactly rocket science.

Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

-- 
Software Engineering:  Embedded and Realtime Systems,  Embedded Linux
Phone: (+49)-8142-66989-10 Fax: (+49)-8142-66989-80 Email: wd at denx.de
Life would be so much easier if we could  just  look  at  the  source
code.                                                   -- Dave Olson

[U-Boot-Users] How to boot Multi-file image?

[llandre]

Hi Wolfgang,

I followed the same procedure you described but the decompressed image 
partially
overwrote the compressed image. I fixed the tftp download address and now 
the kernel boots
perfectly.

Thanks for your help and best regards,
llandre

DAVE Electronics System House - R&D Department
web:   http://www.dave-tech.it
email: r&d2 at dave-tech.it


>In message <6.2.1.2.0.20050826164053.02f4ae60@192.168.2.1> you wrote:
> > I made a multi-file imgage as described here
> > http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/CombiningKernelAndRamdisk
> > but I can't boot it bacuse the kernel does not find the ramdisk image.
> > How to say to the kernel where to find it? Isuspect I'm missing some
> > command line parameters ...
>
>Enable debugging to see if all ATAGs are passed correctly...
>
>Here is how it works for me (with a 2.4 kernel):
>
>
>Normal "uImage" and "uRamdisk":
>
>         -> mkimage -l  uImage
>         Image Name:   ARM Linux-2.4.27
>         Created:      Tue Jan 18 22:51:40 2005
>         Image Type:   ARM Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
>         Data Size:    697368 Bytes = 681.02 kB = 0.67 MB
>         Load Address: 0x20008000
>         Entry Point:  0x20008000
>         -> mkimage -l  uRamdisk
>         Image Name:   Simple Embedded Linux Framework
>         Created:      Wed Nov 10 01:35:20 2004
>         Image Type:   ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
>         Data Size:    1502217 Bytes = 1467.01 kB = 1.43 MB
>         Load Address: 0x00000000
>         Entry Point:  0x00000000
>
>Extract raw (compressed) images:
>
>         -> dd if=uImage of=kernel.gz bs=64 skip=1
>         10896+1 records in
>         10896+1 records out
>         -> dd if=uRamdisk of=ramdisk.gz bs=64 skip=1
>         23472+1 records in
>         23472+1 records out
>
>Build multi-file image:
>
>         -> mkimage -A arm -T multi -C gzip -a 0x20008000 -e 0x20008000 -n 
> 'Multi-File Test Image' -d kernel.gz:ramdisk.gz uMulti
>         Image Name:   Multi-File Test Image
>         Created:      Sun Aug 28 00:15:01 2005
>         Image Type:   ARM Linux Multi-File Image (gzip compressed)
>         Data Size:    2199597 Bytes = 2148.04 kB = 2.10 MB
>         Load Address: 0x20008000
>         Entry Point:  0x20008000
>         Contents:
>            Image 0:   697368 Bytes =  681 kB = 0 MB
>            Image 1:  1502217 Bytes = 1467 kB = 1 MB
>
>
>On the target:
>
>Download:
>
>=> tftp $(loadaddr) cmcpu2/uMulti
>TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.20.1
>Filename 'cmcpu2/uMulti'.
>Load address: 0x20800000
>Loading: #################################################################
>          #################################################################
>          #################################################################
>          #################################################################
>          #################################################################
>          #################################################################
>          ########################################
>done
>Bytes transferred = 2199661 (21906d hex)
>
>
>Check:
>
>=> imi 20800000
>
>## Checking Image at 20800000 ...
>    Image Name:   Multi-File Test Image
>    Created:      2005-08-27  22:15:01 UTC
>    Image Type:   ARM Linux Multi-File Image (gzip compressed)
>    Data Size:    2199597 Bytes =  2.1 MB
>    Load Address: 20008000
>    Entry Point:  20008000
>    Contents:
>    Image 0:   697368 Bytes = 681 kB
>    Image 1:  1502217 Bytes =  1.4 MB
>    Verifying Checksum ... OK
>
>Boot:
>
>=> print bootargs
>bootargs=root=/dev/ram rw 
>ip=192.168.20.1:192.168.1.1:192.168.1.254:255.255.0.0:cmcpu2:eth0:off panic=1
>=> bootm 20800000
>## Booting image at 20800000 ...
>    Image Name:   Multi-File Test Image
>    Created:      2005-08-27  22:15:01 UTC
>    Image Type:   ARM Linux Multi-File Image (gzip compressed)
>    Data Size:    2199597 Bytes =  2.1 MB
>    Load Address: 20008000
>    Entry Point:  20008000
>    Contents:
>    Image 0:   697368 Bytes = 681 kB
>    Image 1:  1502217 Bytes =  1.4 MB
>    Verifying Checksum ... OK
>    Uncompressing Multi-File Image ... OK
>
>Starting kernel ...
>
>Linux version 2.4.27-vrs1 (wd at atlas.denx.de) (gcc version 3.3.3 (DENX ELDK 
>3.1 3.3.3-8)) #1 Tue Jan 18 22:49:47 MET 2005
>CPU: Arm920Tid(wb) revision 0
>Machine: ATMEL AT91RM9200
>On node 0 totalpages: 4096
>zone(0): 4096 pages.
>zone(1): 0 pages.
>zone(2): 0 pages.
>Kernel command line: root=/dev/ram rw 
>ip=192.168.20.1:192.168.1.1:192.168.1.254:255.255.0.0:cmcpu2:eth0:off panic=1
>Calibrating delay loop... 34.50 BogoMIPS
>Memory: 16MB = 16MB total
>Memory: 13080KB available (1289K code, 271K data, 56K init)
>Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
>Inode cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
>Mount cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
>Buffer cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
>Page-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
>CPU: Testing write buffer: pass
>POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
>Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4
>Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039
>Initializing RT netlink socket
>Starting kswapd
>Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir at monad.swb.de).
>JFFS2 version 2.1. (C) 2001 Red Hat, Inc., designed by Axis Communications AB.
>RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 8192K size 1024 blocksize
>  Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table v1.3 at 0x0040
>number of CFI chips: 1
>cfi_cmdset_0002: Disabling fast programming due to code brokenness.
>Creating 5 MTD partitions on "CMC PU2 flash":
>0x00000000-0x00020000 : "Firmware"
>0x00020000-0x00030000 : "Environment"
>0x00030000-0x000f0000 : "Kernel"
>0x000f0000-0x00780000 : "Filesystem 1"
>0x00780000-0x00800000 : "Filesystem 2"
>i2c-core.o: i2c core module version 2.6.1 (20010830)
>i2c-dev.o: i2c /dev entries driver module version 2.6.1 (20010830)
>ttyS0 at MMIO 0xfefc0000 (irq = 6) is a AT91_SERIAL
>ttyS1 at MMIO 0xfefc4000 (irq = 7) is a AT91_SERIAL
>ttyS2 at MMIO 0xfefc8000 (irq = 8) is a AT91_SERIAL
>ttyS3 at MMIO 0xfefcc000 (irq = 9) is a AT91_SERIAL
>ttyS4 at MMIO 0xfefff200 (irq = 1) is a AT91_SERIAL
>eth0: Link now 100-FullDuplex
>eth0: AT91 ethernet at 0xfefbc000 int=24 100-FullDuplex (f6:70:1d:61:b5:9d)
>eth0: Davicom 9196 PHY (Copper)
>AT91 Watchdog Timer enabled (5 seconds)
>Found AT91 i2c
>I2C: RS5C372 RTC driver successfully loaded
>CMC buzzer driver $Revision: 0.2 $
>CMC digital IO driver $Revision: 0.2 $
>Serial driver version 0.03 (2004-12-17) with no serial options enabled
>ttyS5 at 0xc2084000 (irq = 29) is a TI16752
>ttyS6 at 0xc2086000 (irq = 30) is a TI16752
>NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0
>IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP
>IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes
>TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 2048)
>eth0: Link now 100-FullDuplex
>IP-Config: Complete:
>       device=eth0, addr=192.168.20.1, mask=255.255.0.0, gw=192.168.1.254,
>      host=cmcpu2, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
>      bootserver=192.168.1.1, rootserver=192.168.1.1, rootpath=
>NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0.
>NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)
>RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
>Freeing initrd memory: 1467K
>VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
>Freeing init memory: 56K
>
>
>BusyBox v0.60.5 (2004.11.10-00:31+0000) Built-in shell (msh)
>Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.
>
>#