[PATCH v3 0/3] chrt: Improve argument handling and allow optional priority

[PATCH v3 0/3] chrt: Improve argument handling and allow optional priority

[Madadi Vineeth Reddy]

This series improves the usability and correctness of the chrt tool:

- Minor cleanups such as indentation fixes and correcting comment.
- Fixes an issue where specifying a policy without a priority would
  misleadingly print current settings
- Makes the priority argument optional for scheduling policies that
  ignore it, simplifying usage for tuning parameters like --sched-runtime

Changes in v3: 
- Made --pid consistent throughout (Karel Zak)
- Change get policy to not have policy options (Karel Zak and Benno Schulenberg)

Changes in v2:
- Updated the man page to reflect the optional priority behavior (Karel Zak)
- Renamed variable to 'need_prio' (Karel Zak)

Madadi Vineeth Reddy (3):
  chrt: Make minor cleanups in chrt
  chrt: Only display current settings when no policy is specified
  chrt: Make priority optional for policies that don't use it

 schedutils/chrt.1.adoc | 24 +++++++++++++----------
 schedutils/chrt.c      | 43 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
 2 files changed, 48 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

-- 
2.49.0

[PATCH v3 1/3] chrt: Make minor cleanups in chrt

[Madadi Vineeth Reddy]

Minor changes such as fixing an incorrect comment and aligning
the closing brace of an if condition in main() were made, along
with making the usage of --pid consistent across files instead
of -p, although -p still works, for better readability.

No functional change is intended.

Signed-off-by: Madadi Vineeth Reddy <vineethr@linux.ibm.com>
---
 schedutils/chrt.1.adoc | 10 +++++-----
 schedutils/chrt.c      |  6 +++---
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/schedutils/chrt.1.adoc b/schedutils/chrt.1.adoc
index 77add535d..36cdcc5fe 100644
--- a/schedutils/chrt.1.adoc
+++ b/schedutils/chrt.1.adoc
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ chrt - manipulate the real-time attributes of a process
 
 *chrt* [options] _priority command argument_ ...
 
-*chrt* [options] *-p* [_priority_] _PID_
+*chrt* [options] *--pid* [_priority_] _PID_
 
 == DESCRIPTION
 
@@ -117,20 +117,20 @@ ____
 //TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated
 You can also retrieve the real-time attributes of an existing task{colon}::
 ____
-*chrt -p* _PID_
+*chrt --pid* _PID_
 ____
 //TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated
 Or set them{colon}::
 ____
-*chrt -r -p* _priority PID_
+*chrt -r --pid* _priority PID_
 ____
 This, for example, sets real-time scheduling to priority _30_ for the process _PID_ with the *SCHED_RR* (round-robin) class{colon}::
 ____
-*chrt -r -p 30* _PID_
+*chrt -r --pid 30* _PID_
 ____
 Reset priorities to default for a process{colon}::
 ____
-*chrt -o -p 0* _PID_
+*chrt -o --pid 0* _PID_
 ____
 See *sched*(7) for a detailed discussion of the different scheduler classes and how they interact.
 
diff --git a/schedutils/chrt.c b/schedutils/chrt.c
index cf99935dc..8fe748f43 100644
--- a/schedutils/chrt.c
+++ b/schedutils/chrt.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) usage(void)
 	" chrt [options] --pid <priority> <pid>\n"), out);
 	fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
 	fputs(_("Get policy:\n"
-	" chrt [options] -p <pid>\n"), out);
+	" chrt [options] --pid <pid>\n"), out);
 
 	fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
 	fputs(_("Policy options:\n"), out);
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ static int set_sched_one(struct chrt_ctl *ctl, pid_t pid)
 	return set_sched_one_by_setscheduler(ctl, pid);
 }
 
-#else /* !HAVE_SCHED_SETATTR */
+#else /* HAVE_SCHED_SETATTR */
 static int set_sched_one(struct chrt_ctl *ctl, pid_t pid)
 {
 	struct sched_attr sa = { .size = sizeof(struct sched_attr) };
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	    ((ctl->pid == -1) && argc - optind < 2)) {
 		warnx(_("bad usage"));
 		errtryhelp(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
+	}
 
 	if ((ctl->pid > -1) && (ctl->verbose || argc - optind == 1)) {
 		show_sched_info(ctl);
-- 
2.49.0

[PATCH v3 2/3] chrt: Only display current settings when no policy is specified

[Madadi Vineeth Reddy]

Previously, running "chrt --pid <pid>" with no policy options
would display the process’s current scheduling attributes, but
specifying a policy without a priority (e.g. chrt --rr --pid <pid>)
would silently fallback to displaying the same info. This was
confusing, since a policy option normally implies an intent to
change something.

This patch changes the behavior so that
chrt --pid <pid> continues to show the current settings:

chrt --pid 10862
pid 10862's current scheduling policy:  SCHED_OTHER
pid 10862's current scheduling priority: 0
pid 10862's current runtime parameter:  2800000

If a policy is specified but no priority follows, chrt now
errors out:

chrt --rr --pid 10862
chrt: policy SCHED_RR requires a priority argument

Verbose output (-v) still prints the current settings when a
valid policy+priority is provided.

Signed-off-by: Madadi Vineeth Reddy <vineethr@linux.ibm.com>
---
 schedutils/chrt.c | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/schedutils/chrt.c b/schedutils/chrt.c
index 8fe748f43..40a006040 100644
--- a/schedutils/chrt.c
+++ b/schedutils/chrt.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) usage(void)
 	" chrt [options] --pid <priority> <pid>\n"), out);
 	fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
 	fputs(_("Get policy:\n"
-	" chrt [options] --pid <pid>\n"), out);
+	" chrt --pid <pid>\n"), out);
 
 	fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
 	fputs(_("Policy options:\n"), out);
@@ -399,6 +399,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct chrt_ctl _ctl = { .pid = -1, .policy = SCHED_RR }, *ctl = &_ctl;
 	int c;
+	bool policy_given = false;
 
 	static const struct option longopts[] = {
 		{ "all-tasks",  no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
@@ -435,21 +436,25 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		case 'b':
 #ifdef SCHED_BATCH
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_BATCH;
+			policy_given = true;
 #endif
 			break;
 
 		case 'd':
 #ifdef SCHED_DEADLINE
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_DEADLINE;
+			policy_given = true;
 #endif
 			break;
 		case 'e':
 #ifdef SCHED_EXT
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_EXT;
+			policy_given = true;
 #endif
 			break;
 		case 'f':
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_FIFO;
+			policy_given = true;
 			break;
 		case 'R':
 			ctl->reset_on_fork = 1;
@@ -457,6 +462,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		case 'i':
 #ifdef SCHED_IDLE
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_IDLE;
+			policy_given = true;
 #endif
 			break;
 		case 'm':
@@ -464,6 +470,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 		case 'o':
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_OTHER;
+			policy_given = true;
 			break;
 		case 'p':
 			errno = 0;
@@ -472,6 +479,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			break;
 		case 'r':
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_RR;
+			policy_given = true;
 			break;
 		case 'v':
 			ctl->verbose = 1;
@@ -501,12 +509,21 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		errtryhelp(EXIT_FAILURE);
 	}
 
-	if ((ctl->pid > -1) && (ctl->verbose || argc - optind == 1)) {
+	/*pid exists but priority not given*/
+	if (ctl->pid > -1 && argc - optind == 1) {
+		/* Error if a policy was specified but no priority given */
+		if (policy_given)
+			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, ("policy %s requires a priority argument"),
+						get_policy_name(ctl->policy));
+
+		/* If no policy specified, show current settings */
 		show_sched_info(ctl);
-		if (argc - optind == 1)
-			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 	}
 
+	if (ctl->verbose)
+		show_sched_info(ctl);
+
 	errno = 0;
 	ctl->priority = strtos32_or_err(argv[optind], _("invalid priority argument"));
 
-- 
2.49.0

Re: [PATCH v3 2/3] chrt: Only display current settings when no policy is specified

[Madadi Vineeth Reddy]

On 22/06/25 00:49, Madadi Vineeth Reddy wrote:
> Previously, running "chrt --pid <pid>" with no policy options
> would display the process’s current scheduling attributes, but
> specifying a policy without a priority (e.g. chrt --rr --pid <pid>)
> would silently fallback to displaying the same info. This was
> confusing, since a policy option normally implies an intent to
> change something.
> 
> This patch changes the behavior so that
> chrt --pid <pid> continues to show the current settings:
> 
> chrt --pid 10862
> pid 10862's current scheduling policy:  SCHED_OTHER
> pid 10862's current scheduling priority: 0
> pid 10862's current runtime parameter:  2800000
> 
> If a policy is specified but no priority follows, chrt now
> errors out:
> 
> chrt --rr --pid 10862
> chrt: policy SCHED_RR requires a priority argument
> 
> Verbose output (-v) still prints the current settings when a
> valid policy+priority is provided.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Madadi Vineeth Reddy <vineethr@linux.ibm.com>
> ---
>  schedutils/chrt.c | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++----
>  1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/schedutils/chrt.c b/schedutils/chrt.c
> index 8fe748f43..40a006040 100644
> --- a/schedutils/chrt.c
> +++ b/schedutils/chrt.c
> @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) usage(void)
>  	" chrt [options] --pid <priority> <pid>\n"), out);
>  	fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
>  	fputs(_("Get policy:\n"
> -	" chrt [options] --pid <pid>\n"), out);
> +	" chrt --pid <pid>\n"), out);
>  
>  	fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
>  	fputs(_("Policy options:\n"), out);
> @@ -399,6 +399,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  {
>  	struct chrt_ctl _ctl = { .pid = -1, .policy = SCHED_RR }, *ctl = &_ctl;
>  	int c;
> +	bool policy_given = false;
>  
>  	static const struct option longopts[] = {
>  		{ "all-tasks",  no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
> @@ -435,21 +436,25 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  		case 'b':
>  #ifdef SCHED_BATCH
>  			ctl->policy = SCHED_BATCH;
> +			policy_given = true;
>  #endif
>  			break;
>  
>  		case 'd':
>  #ifdef SCHED_DEADLINE
>  			ctl->policy = SCHED_DEADLINE;
> +			policy_given = true;
>  #endif
>  			break;
>  		case 'e':
>  #ifdef SCHED_EXT
>  			ctl->policy = SCHED_EXT;
> +			policy_given = true;
>  #endif
>  			break;
>  		case 'f':
>  			ctl->policy = SCHED_FIFO;
> +			policy_given = true;
>  			break;
>  		case 'R':
>  			ctl->reset_on_fork = 1;
> @@ -457,6 +462,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  		case 'i':
>  #ifdef SCHED_IDLE
>  			ctl->policy = SCHED_IDLE;
> +			policy_given = true;
>  #endif
>  			break;
>  		case 'm':
> @@ -464,6 +470,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
>  		case 'o':
>  			ctl->policy = SCHED_OTHER;
> +			policy_given = true;
>  			break;
>  		case 'p':
>  			errno = 0;
> @@ -472,6 +479,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  			break;
>  		case 'r':
>  			ctl->policy = SCHED_RR;
> +			policy_given = true;
>  			break;
>  		case 'v':
>  			ctl->verbose = 1;
> @@ -501,12 +509,21 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  		errtryhelp(EXIT_FAILURE);
>  	}
>  
> -	if ((ctl->pid > -1) && (ctl->verbose || argc - optind == 1)) {
> +	/*pid exists but priority not given*/

Missed spacing in the comment. Ignore this v3. Please refer to v4.

> +	if (ctl->pid > -1 && argc - optind == 1) {
> +		/* Error if a policy was specified but no priority given */
> +		if (policy_given)
> +			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, ("policy %s requires a priority argument"),
> +						get_policy_name(ctl->policy));
> +
> +		/* If no policy specified, show current settings */
>  		show_sched_info(ctl);
> -		if (argc - optind == 1)
> -			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
> +		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
>  	}
>  
> +	if (ctl->verbose)
> +		show_sched_info(ctl);
> +
>  	errno = 0;
>  	ctl->priority = strtos32_or_err(argv[optind], _("invalid priority argument"));
>  

[PATCH v3 3/3] chrt: Make priority optional for policies that don't use it

[Madadi Vineeth Reddy]

Currently, chrt requires a priority argument even for scheduling
policies like SCHED_OTHER and SCHED_BATCH, which ignore it.

This change relaxes that requirement. Now, priority is only expected
for SCHED_FIFO and SCHED_RR. For other policies, a default value of 0
is set internally and no argument is required on the command line.

This simplifies usage when modifying runtime parameters like
--sched-runtime for non-realtime tasks.

For example, to change the EEVDF tunable base_slice, one currently
needs to run:
chrt -o -T 1000000 --pid 0 $PID

Passing '0' after --pid is not intutive and not required as priority
is not applicable to SCHED_OTHER tasks. Now with this patch, one can do:
chrt -o -T 1000000 --pid $PID

Passing '0' still works ensuring ABI doesn't break.

Signed-off-by: Madadi Vineeth Reddy <vineethr@linux.ibm.com>
---
 schedutils/chrt.1.adoc | 14 +++++++++-----
 schedutils/chrt.c      | 24 ++++++++++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/schedutils/chrt.1.adoc b/schedutils/chrt.1.adoc
index 36cdcc5fe..5b8d7e832 100644
--- a/schedutils/chrt.1.adoc
+++ b/schedutils/chrt.1.adoc
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ chrt - manipulate the real-time attributes of a process
 == POLICIES
 
 *-o*, *--other*::
-Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_OTHER* (time-sharing scheduling). This is the default Linux scheduling policy.
+Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_OTHER* (time-sharing scheduling). This is the default Linux scheduling policy. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero.
 
 *-f*, *--fifo*::
 Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_FIFO* (first in-first out).
@@ -58,16 +58,16 @@ Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_FIFO* (first in-first out).
 Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_RR* (round-robin scheduling). When no policy is defined, the *SCHED_RR* is used as the default.
 
 *-b*, *--batch*::
-Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_BATCH* (scheduling batch processes). Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.16. The priority argument has to be set to zero.
+Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_BATCH* (scheduling batch processes). Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.16. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero.
 
 *-i*, *--idle*::
-Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_IDLE* (scheduling very low priority jobs). Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.23. The priority argument has to be set to zero.
+Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_IDLE* (scheduling very low priority jobs). Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.23. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero.
 
 *-d*, *--deadline*::
-Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_DEADLINE* (sporadic task model deadline scheduling). Linux-specific, supported since 3.14. The priority argument has to be set to zero. See also *--sched-runtime*, *--sched-deadline* and *--sched-period*. The relation between the options required by the kernel is runtime <= deadline <= period. *chrt* copies _period_ to _deadline_ if *--sched-deadline* is not specified and _deadline_ to _runtime_ if *--sched-runtime* is not specified. It means that at least *--sched-period* has to be specified. See *sched*(7) for more details.
+Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_DEADLINE* (sporadic task model deadline scheduling). Linux-specific, supported since 3.14. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero. See also *--sched-runtime*, *--sched-deadline* and *--sched-period*. The relation between the options required by the kernel is runtime <= deadline <= period. *chrt* copies _period_ to _deadline_ if *--sched-deadline* is not specified and _deadline_ to _runtime_ if *--sched-runtime* is not specified. It means that at least *--sched-period* has to be specified. See *sched*(7) for more details.
 
 *-d*, *--ext*::
-Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_EXT* (BPF program-defined scheduling). Linux-specific, supported since 6.12. The priority argument has to be set to zero.
+Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_EXT* (BPF program-defined scheduling). Linux-specific, supported since 6.12. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero.
 
 == SCHEDULING OPTIONS
 
@@ -132,6 +132,10 @@ Reset priorities to default for a process{colon}::
 ____
 *chrt -o --pid 0* _PID_
 ____
+Set a custom slice of 1 ms for a SCHED_OTHER task (priority is optional for policies other than SCHED_FIFO and SCHED_RR){colon}::
+____
+*chrt -o -T 1000000 --pid* _PID_
+____
 See *sched*(7) for a detailed discussion of the different scheduler classes and how they interact.
 
 == PERMISSIONS
diff --git a/schedutils/chrt.c b/schedutils/chrt.c
index 40a006040..04582ae72 100644
--- a/schedutils/chrt.c
+++ b/schedutils/chrt.c
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct chrt_ctl _ctl = { .pid = -1, .policy = SCHED_RR }, *ctl = &_ctl;
 	int c;
-	bool policy_given = false;
+	bool policy_given = false, need_prio = false;
 
 	static const struct option longopts[] = {
 		{ "all-tasks",  no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
@@ -455,6 +455,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		case 'f':
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_FIFO;
 			policy_given = true;
+			need_prio = true;
 			break;
 		case 'R':
 			ctl->reset_on_fork = 1;
@@ -480,6 +481,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		case 'r':
 			ctl->policy = SCHED_RR;
 			policy_given = true;
+			need_prio = true;
 			break;
 		case 'v':
 			ctl->verbose = 1;
@@ -503,29 +505,35 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (((ctl->pid > -1) && argc - optind < 1) ||
-	    ((ctl->pid == -1) && argc - optind < 2)) {
+	if (((ctl->pid > -1) && argc - optind < (need_prio ? 1 : 0)) ||
+	    ((ctl->pid == -1) && argc - optind < (need_prio ? 2 : 1))) {
 		warnx(_("bad usage"));
 		errtryhelp(EXIT_FAILURE);
 	}
 
 	/*pid exists but priority not given*/
 	if (ctl->pid > -1 && argc - optind == 1) {
-		/* Error if a policy was specified but no priority given */
-		if (policy_given)
+		/* Error if priority is missing for a policy that requires it */
+		if (policy_given && need_prio)
 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, ("policy %s requires a priority argument"),
 						get_policy_name(ctl->policy));
 
 		/* If no policy specified, show current settings */
-		show_sched_info(ctl);
-		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+		if (!policy_given) {
+			show_sched_info(ctl);
+			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (ctl->verbose)
 		show_sched_info(ctl);
 
 	errno = 0;
-	ctl->priority = strtos32_or_err(argv[optind], _("invalid priority argument"));
+
+	if (need_prio || argc - optind == 2)
+		ctl->priority = strtos32_or_err(argv[optind], _("invalid priority argument"));
+	else
+		ctl->priority = 0;
 
 	if (ctl->runtime && !supports_runtime_param(ctl->policy))
 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("--sched-runtime option is supported for %s"),
-- 
2.49.0