Re: [PATCH v2 01/18] lib/parity: Add __builtin_parity() fallback implementations

[David Laight <david.laight.linux@gmail.com>]

On Mon, 3 Mar 2025 10:47:20 +0800
Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com> wrote:

> On Sun, Mar 02, 2025 at 07:09:54PM +0000, David Laight wrote:
> > On Mon, 3 Mar 2025 01:29:19 +0800
> > Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com> wrote:
> >   
> > > Hi Yury,
> > > 
...
> > > #define parity(val)					\
> > > ({							\
> > > 	__auto_type __v = (val);			\
> > > 	bool __ret;					\
> > > 	switch (BITS_PER_TYPE(val)) {			\
> > > 	case 64:					\
> > > 		__v ^= __v >> 16 >> 16;			\
> > > 		fallthrough;				\
> > > 	case 32:					\
> > > 		__v ^= __v >> 16;			\
> > > 		fallthrough;				\
> > > 	case 16:					\
> > > 		__v ^= __v >> 8;			\
> > > 		fallthrough;				\
> > > 	case 8:						\
> > > 		__v ^= __v >> 4;			\
> > > 		__ret =  (0x6996 >> (__v & 0xf)) & 1;	\
> > > 		break;					\
> > > 	default:					\
> > > 		BUILD_BUG();				\
> > > 	}						\
> > > 	__ret;						\
> > > })  
> > 
> > I'm seeing double-register shifts for 64bit values on 32bit systems.
> > And gcc is doing 64bit double-register maths all the way down.
> > 
> > That is fixed by changing the top of the define to
> > #define parity(val)					\
> > ({							\
> > 	unsigned int __v = (val);			\
> > 	bool __ret;					\
> > 	switch (BITS_PER_TYPE(val)) {			\
> > 	case 64:					\
> > 		__v ^= val >> 16 >> 16;			\
> > 		fallthrough;				\
> > 
> > But it's need changing to only expand 'val' once.
> > Perhaps:
> > 	auto_type _val = (val);
> > 	u32 __ret = val;
> > and (mostly) s/__v/__ret/g
> >  
> I'm happy to make this change, though I'm a bit confused about how much
> we care about the code generated by gcc. So this is the macro expected
> in v3:

There is 'good', 'bad' and 'ugly' - it was in the 'bad' to 'ugly' area.

> 
> #define parity(val)					\
> ({							\
> 	__auto_type __v = (val);			\
> 	u32 __ret = val;				\
> 	switch (BITS_PER_TYPE(val)) {			\
> 	case 64:					\
>                 __ret ^= __v >> 16 >> 16;		\
> 		fallthrough;				\
> 	case 32:					\
> 		__ret ^= __ret >> 16;			\
> 		fallthrough;				\
> 	case 16:					\
> 		__ret ^= __ret >> 8;			\
> 		fallthrough;				\
> 	case 8:						\
> 		__ret ^= __ret >> 4;			\
> 		__ret = (0x6996 >> (__ret & 0xf)) & 1;	\
> 		break;					\
> 	default:					\
> 		BUILD_BUG();				\
> 	}						\
> 	__ret;						\
> })

That looks like it will avoid double-register shifts on 32bit archs.
arm64 can do slightly better (a couple of instructions) because of its
barrel shifter.
x86 can do a lot better because of the cpu 'parity' flag.
But maybe it is never used anywhere that really matters.

	David