* [PATCH RFC 01/12] rcu: Remove unused rdp parameter from trace_rcu_this_gp()
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 02/12] rcu: Rename struct rcu_gp_oldstate to rcu_gp_seq Paul E. McKenney
` (10 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu; +Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Joel Fernandes,
Paul E . McKenney
From: Joel Fernandes <joelagnelf@nvidia.com>
The trace_rcu_this_gp() wrapper forwards only the rcu_node structure's
fields and the requested grace-period sequence number to the
rcu_future_grace_period tracepoint. Its rcu_data pointer parameter
has no users, but every one of the ten call sites must nevertheless
come up with an rcu_data pointer to pass in.
Remove the parameter and update all callers. This also allows
rcu_future_gp_cleanup() to drop the local rcu_data pointer that
existed solely to feed this trace call.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes <joelagnelf@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 23 ++++++++++-------------
kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h | 4 ++--
2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index 03a43d3d261607..ef553189ee248e 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -986,8 +986,8 @@ static int rcu_watching_snap_recheck(struct rcu_data *rdp)
}
/* Trace-event wrapper function for trace_rcu_future_grace_period. */
-static void trace_rcu_this_gp(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp,
- unsigned long gp_seq_req, const char *s)
+static void trace_rcu_this_gp(struct rcu_node *rnp, unsigned long gp_seq_req,
+ const char *s)
{
trace_rcu_future_grace_period(rcu_state.name, READ_ONCE(rnp->gp_seq),
gp_seq_req, rnp->level,
@@ -1026,7 +1026,7 @@ static bool rcu_start_this_gp(struct rcu_node *rnp_start, struct rcu_data *rdp,
* Note that rnp_start->lock must not be released.
*/
raw_lockdep_assert_held_rcu_node(rnp_start);
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp_start, rdp, gp_seq_req, TPS("Startleaf"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp_start, gp_seq_req, TPS("Startleaf"));
for (rnp = rnp_start; 1; rnp = rnp->parent) {
if (rnp != rnp_start)
raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp);
@@ -1034,8 +1034,7 @@ static bool rcu_start_this_gp(struct rcu_node *rnp_start, struct rcu_data *rdp,
rcu_seq_started(&rnp->gp_seq, gp_seq_req) ||
(rnp != rnp_start &&
rcu_seq_state(rcu_seq_current(&rnp->gp_seq)))) {
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, rdp, gp_seq_req,
- TPS("Prestarted"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, gp_seq_req, TPS("Prestarted"));
goto unlock_out;
}
WRITE_ONCE(rnp->gp_seq_needed, gp_seq_req);
@@ -1046,7 +1045,7 @@ static bool rcu_start_this_gp(struct rcu_node *rnp_start, struct rcu_data *rdp,
* rcu_gp_cleanup() will see the marking. Bail to
* reduce contention.
*/
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp_start, rdp, gp_seq_req,
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp_start, gp_seq_req,
TPS("Startedleaf"));
goto unlock_out;
}
@@ -1058,14 +1057,14 @@ static bool rcu_start_this_gp(struct rcu_node *rnp_start, struct rcu_data *rdp,
/* If GP already in progress, just leave, otherwise start one. */
if (rcu_gp_in_progress()) {
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, rdp, gp_seq_req, TPS("Startedleafroot"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, gp_seq_req, TPS("Startedleafroot"));
goto unlock_out;
}
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, rdp, gp_seq_req, TPS("Startedroot"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, gp_seq_req, TPS("Startedroot"));
WRITE_ONCE(rcu_state.gp_flags, rcu_state.gp_flags | RCU_GP_FLAG_INIT);
WRITE_ONCE(rcu_state.gp_req_activity, jiffies);
if (!READ_ONCE(rcu_state.gp_kthread)) {
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, rdp, gp_seq_req, TPS("NoGPkthread"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, gp_seq_req, TPS("NoGPkthread"));
goto unlock_out;
}
trace_rcu_grace_period(rcu_state.name, data_race(rcu_state.gp_seq), TPS("newreq"));
@@ -1088,12 +1087,11 @@ static bool rcu_start_this_gp(struct rcu_node *rnp_start, struct rcu_data *rdp,
static bool rcu_future_gp_cleanup(struct rcu_node *rnp)
{
bool needmore;
- struct rcu_data *rdp = this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data);
needmore = ULONG_CMP_LT(rnp->gp_seq, rnp->gp_seq_needed);
if (!needmore)
rnp->gp_seq_needed = rnp->gp_seq; /* Avoid counter wrap. */
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, rdp, rnp->gp_seq,
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, rnp->gp_seq,
needmore ? TPS("CleanupMore") : TPS("Cleanup"));
return needmore;
}
@@ -2252,8 +2250,7 @@ static noinline void rcu_gp_cleanup(void)
/* Check for GP requests since above loop. */
rdp = this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data);
if (!needgp && ULONG_CMP_LT(rnp->gp_seq, rnp->gp_seq_needed)) {
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, rdp, rnp->gp_seq_needed,
- TPS("CleanupMore"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, rnp->gp_seq_needed, TPS("CleanupMore"));
needgp = true;
}
/* Advance CBs to reduce false positives below. */
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h b/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
index 373b877cf171d3..c4a5b4662b3afa 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
@@ -802,12 +802,12 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
nocb_gp_sleep(my_rdp, cpu);
} else {
rnp = my_rdp->mynode;
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, my_rdp, wait_gp_seq, TPS("StartWait"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, wait_gp_seq, TPS("StartWait"));
swait_event_interruptible_exclusive(
rnp->nocb_gp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(wait_gp_seq) & 0x1],
rcu_seq_done(&rnp->gp_seq, wait_gp_seq) ||
!READ_ONCE(my_rdp->nocb_gp_sleep));
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, my_rdp, wait_gp_seq, TPS("EndWait"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, wait_gp_seq, TPS("EndWait"));
}
if (!rcu_nocb_poll) {
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 02/12] rcu: Rename struct rcu_gp_oldstate to rcu_gp_seq
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 01/12] rcu: Remove unused rdp parameter from trace_rcu_this_gp() Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 03/12] rcu/segcblist: Add SRCU and Tasks RCU wrapper functions Paul E. McKenney
` (9 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu
Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Frederic Weisbecker, Paul E . McKenney
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
The polled grace-period state structure rcu_gp_oldstate holds a snapshot
of the normal (and, on SMP, expedited) grace-period sequence numbers.
Upcoming changes store this structure in the callback segment list, where
the "oldstate" name reads poorly: there it represents the grace period a
segment is waiting on and is also compared against the current
grace-period state.
Rename struct rcu_gp_oldstate to the more neutral struct rcu_gp_seq, and
shorten its members rgos_norm and rgos_exp to norm and exp. Local
variables and parameters of this type are renamed from rgosp/rgos to
gsp/gs accordingly.
While at it, provide a single definition of the structure in rcupdate.h
rather than separate Tiny-RCU and Tree-RCU definitions, and give it the
->exp field unconditionally. Tiny RCU does not track expedited grace
periods and leaves ->exp unused, but a single definition that always has
->exp lets the shared callback code in rcu_segcblist.c reference it
without CONFIG_SMP guards, including on !SMP builds.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
include/linux/rcupdate.h | 13 ++++++--
include/linux/rcupdate_wait.h | 2 +-
include/linux/rcutiny.h | 36 +++++++++-----------
include/linux/rcutree.h | 29 +++++++---------
kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c | 30 ++++++++---------
kernel/rcu/tiny.c | 4 +--
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 62 +++++++++++++++++------------------
kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h | 18 +++++-----
mm/slab_common.c | 6 ++--
9 files changed, 100 insertions(+), 100 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/rcupdate.h b/include/linux/rcupdate.h
index 5e95acc33989b6..ce00f1726e95e3 100644
--- a/include/linux/rcupdate.h
+++ b/include/linux/rcupdate.h
@@ -52,9 +52,18 @@ void call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func);
void rcu_barrier_tasks(void);
void synchronize_rcu(void);
-struct rcu_gp_oldstate;
+/*
+ * Grace-period sequence snapshot for the polled RCU APIs: ->norm for the
+ * normal grace period and ->exp for the expedited one. ->exp is unused by
+ * Tiny RCU, but is present unconditionally so that a single definition
+ * serves both Tiny RCU and Tree RCU.
+ */
+struct rcu_gp_seq {
+ unsigned long norm;
+ unsigned long exp;
+};
unsigned long get_completed_synchronize_rcu(void);
-void get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+void get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
// Maximum number of unsigned long values corresponding to
// not-yet-completed RCU grace periods.
diff --git a/include/linux/rcupdate_wait.h b/include/linux/rcupdate_wait.h
index 4c92d4291cce7a..fa884704a3b797 100644
--- a/include/linux/rcupdate_wait.h
+++ b/include/linux/rcupdate_wait.h
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ struct rcu_synchronize {
struct completion completion;
/* This is for debugging. */
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate oldstate;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq oldstate;
};
void wakeme_after_rcu(struct rcu_head *head);
diff --git a/include/linux/rcutiny.h b/include/linux/rcutiny.h
index f519cd68022867..e56ded733b1b5d 100644
--- a/include/linux/rcutiny.h
+++ b/include/linux/rcutiny.h
@@ -14,11 +14,7 @@
#include <asm/param.h> /* for HZ */
-struct rcu_gp_oldstate {
- unsigned long rgos_norm;
-};
-
-// Maximum number of rcu_gp_oldstate values corresponding to
+// Maximum number of rcu_gp_seq values corresponding to
// not-yet-completed RCU grace periods.
#define NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_FULL_OLDSTATE 2
@@ -26,31 +22,31 @@ struct rcu_gp_oldstate {
* Are the two oldstate values the same? See the Tree RCU version for
* docbook header.
*/
-static inline bool same_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp1,
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp2)
+static inline bool same_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *rgosp1,
+ struct rcu_gp_seq *rgosp2)
{
- return rgosp1->rgos_norm == rgosp2->rgos_norm;
+ return rgosp1->norm == rgosp2->norm;
}
unsigned long get_state_synchronize_rcu(void);
-static inline void get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+static inline void get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- rgosp->rgos_norm = get_state_synchronize_rcu();
+ gsp->norm = get_state_synchronize_rcu();
}
unsigned long start_poll_synchronize_rcu(void);
-static inline void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+static inline void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- rgosp->rgos_norm = start_poll_synchronize_rcu();
+ gsp->norm = start_poll_synchronize_rcu();
}
bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu(unsigned long oldstate);
-static inline bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+static inline bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- return poll_state_synchronize_rcu(rgosp->rgos_norm);
+ return poll_state_synchronize_rcu(gsp->norm);
}
static inline void cond_synchronize_rcu(unsigned long oldstate)
@@ -58,9 +54,9 @@ static inline void cond_synchronize_rcu(unsigned long oldstate)
might_sleep();
}
-static inline void cond_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+static inline void cond_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- cond_synchronize_rcu(rgosp->rgos_norm);
+ cond_synchronize_rcu(gsp->norm);
}
static inline unsigned long start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited(void)
@@ -68,9 +64,9 @@ static inline unsigned long start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited(void)
return start_poll_synchronize_rcu();
}
-static inline void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+static inline void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- rgosp->rgos_norm = start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited();
+ gsp->norm = start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited();
}
static inline void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited(unsigned long oldstate)
@@ -78,9 +74,9 @@ static inline void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited(unsigned long oldstate)
cond_synchronize_rcu(oldstate);
}
-static inline void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+static inline void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited(rgosp->rgos_norm);
+ cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited(gsp->norm);
}
extern void rcu_barrier(void);
diff --git a/include/linux/rcutree.h b/include/linux/rcutree.h
index 9d2d7bd251d4f6..16a04202888b45 100644
--- a/include/linux/rcutree.h
+++ b/include/linux/rcutree.h
@@ -38,12 +38,7 @@ void synchronize_rcu_expedited(void);
void rcu_barrier(void);
void rcu_momentary_eqs(void);
-struct rcu_gp_oldstate {
- unsigned long rgos_norm;
- unsigned long rgos_exp;
-};
-
-// Maximum number of rcu_gp_oldstate values corresponding to
+// Maximum number of rcu_gp_seq values corresponding to
// not-yet-completed RCU grace periods.
#define NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_FULL_OLDSTATE 4
@@ -60,29 +55,29 @@ struct rcu_gp_oldstate {
* to a list header, allowing those structures to be slightly smaller.
*
* Note that equality is judged on a bitwise basis, so that an
- * @rcu_gp_oldstate structure with an already-completed state in one field
+ * @rcu_gp_seq structure with an already-completed state in one field
* will compare not-equal to a structure with an already-completed state
- * in the other field. After all, the @rcu_gp_oldstate structure is opaque
+ * in the other field. After all, the @rcu_gp_seq structure is opaque
* so how did such a situation come to pass in the first place?
*/
-static inline bool same_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp1,
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp2)
+static inline bool same_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *rgosp1,
+ struct rcu_gp_seq *rgosp2)
{
- return rgosp1->rgos_norm == rgosp2->rgos_norm && rgosp1->rgos_exp == rgosp2->rgos_exp;
+ return rgosp1->norm == rgosp2->norm && rgosp1->exp == rgosp2->exp;
}
unsigned long start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited(void);
-void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited(unsigned long oldstate);
-void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
unsigned long get_state_synchronize_rcu(void);
-void get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+void get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
unsigned long start_poll_synchronize_rcu(void);
-void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu(unsigned long oldstate);
-bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
void cond_synchronize_rcu(unsigned long oldstate);
-void cond_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+void cond_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
#ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU
void rcu_irq_exit_check_preempt(void);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c b/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
index 882a158ada7bbd..d71911ac911a01 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
@@ -392,23 +392,23 @@ struct rcu_torture_ops {
void (*exp_current)(void);
unsigned long (*get_gp_state_exp)(void);
unsigned long (*start_gp_poll_exp)(void);
- void (*start_gp_poll_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+ void (*start_gp_poll_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
bool (*poll_gp_state_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
void (*cond_sync_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
- void (*cond_sync_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+ void (*cond_sync_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
unsigned long (*get_comp_state)(void);
- void (*get_comp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+ void (*get_comp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
bool (*same_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate1, unsigned long oldstate2);
- bool (*same_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp1, struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp2);
+ bool (*same_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_seq *rgosp1, struct rcu_gp_seq *rgosp2);
unsigned long (*get_gp_state)(void);
- void (*get_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+ void (*get_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
unsigned long (*start_gp_poll)(void);
- void (*start_gp_poll_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+ void (*start_gp_poll_full)(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
bool (*poll_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate);
- bool (*poll_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+ bool (*poll_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
bool (*poll_need_2gp)(bool poll, bool poll_full);
void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
- void (*cond_sync_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
+ void (*cond_sync_full)(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
int poll_active;
int poll_active_full;
call_rcu_func_t call;
@@ -1605,7 +1605,7 @@ static void rcu_torture_write_types(void)
static void do_rtws_sync(struct torture_random_state *trsp, void (*sync)(void))
{
unsigned long cookie;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq cookie_full;
bool dopoll;
bool dopoll_full;
unsigned long r = torture_random(trsp);
@@ -1653,18 +1653,18 @@ rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
bool booting_still = false;
bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
unsigned long cookie;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq cookie_full;
int expediting = 0;
unsigned long gp_snap;
unsigned long gp_snap1;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap1_full;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gp_snap_full;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gp_snap1_full;
int i;
int idx;
unsigned long j;
struct work_struct lazy_work;
int oldnice = task_nice(current);
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgo = NULL;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq *rgo = NULL;
int rgo_size = 0;
struct rcu_torture *rp;
struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
@@ -1963,7 +1963,7 @@ static int
rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
{
unsigned long gp_snap;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gp_snap_full;
DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
@@ -2392,7 +2392,7 @@ rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp, struct
struct rcu_torture_one_read_state {
bool checkpolling;
unsigned long cookie;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq cookie_full;
unsigned long started;
struct rcu_torture *p;
int readstate;
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tiny.c b/kernel/rcu/tiny.c
index 585cade21010e7..dccccd6be94111 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tiny.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tiny.c
@@ -187,9 +187,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu);
* Store a grace-period-counter "cookie". For more information,
* see the Tree RCU header comment.
*/
-void get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+void get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- rgosp->rgos_norm = RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED;
+ gsp->norm = RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index ef553189ee248e..0d2d877eb94564 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -3284,7 +3284,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu);
* Later on, this could in theory be the case for kernels built with
* CONFIG_SMP=y && CONFIG_PREEMPTION=y running on a single CPU, but this
* is not a common case. Furthermore, this optimization would cause
- * the rcu_gp_oldstate structure to expand by 50%, so this potential
+ * the rcu_gp_seq structure to expand by 50%, so this potential
* grace-period optimization is ignored once the scheduler is running.
*/
static int rcu_blocking_is_gp(void)
@@ -3413,16 +3413,16 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu);
/**
* get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full - Return a full pre-completed polled state cookie
- * @rgosp: Place to put state cookie
+ * @gsp: Place to put state cookie
*
- * Stores into @rgosp a value that will always be treated by functions
+ * Stores into @gsp a value that will always be treated by functions
* like poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() as a cookie whose grace period
* has already completed.
*/
-void get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+void get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- rgosp->rgos_norm = RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED;
- rgosp->rgos_exp = RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED;
+ gsp->norm = RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED;
+ gsp->exp = RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full);
@@ -3446,13 +3446,13 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_state_synchronize_rcu);
/**
* get_state_synchronize_rcu_full - Snapshot RCU state, both normal and expedited
- * @rgosp: location to place combined normal/expedited grace-period state
+ * @gsp: location to place combined normal/expedited grace-period state
*
- * Places the normal and expedited grace-period states in @rgosp. This
+ * Places the normal and expedited grace-period states in @gsp. This
* state value can be passed to a later call to cond_synchronize_rcu_full()
* or poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() to determine whether or not a
* grace period (whether normal or expedited) has elapsed in the meantime.
- * The rcu_gp_oldstate structure takes up twice the memory of an unsigned
+ * The rcu_gp_seq structure takes up twice the memory of an unsigned
* long, but is guaranteed to see all grace periods. In contrast, the
* combined state occupies less memory, but can sometimes fail to take
* grace periods into account.
@@ -3460,7 +3460,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_state_synchronize_rcu);
* This does not guarantee that the needed grace period will actually
* start.
*/
-void get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+void get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
/*
* Any prior manipulation of RCU-protected data must happen
@@ -3472,8 +3472,8 @@ void get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
// in poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() notwithstanding. Use of
// the latter here would result in too-short grace periods due to
// interactions with newly onlined CPUs.
- rgosp->rgos_norm = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.gp_seq);
- rgosp->rgos_exp = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
+ gsp->norm = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.gp_seq);
+ gsp->exp = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_state_synchronize_rcu_full);
@@ -3524,18 +3524,18 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_poll_synchronize_rcu);
/**
* start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full - Take a full snapshot and start RCU grace period
- * @rgosp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full() or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full()
+ * @gsp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full() or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full()
*
- * Places the normal and expedited grace-period states in *@rgos. This
+ * Places the normal and expedited grace-period states in *@gs. This
* state value can be passed to a later call to cond_synchronize_rcu_full()
* or poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() to determine whether or not a
* grace period (whether normal or expedited) has elapsed in the meantime.
* If the needed grace period is not already slated to start, notifies
* RCU core of the need for that grace period.
*/
-void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(rgosp);
+ get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(gsp);
start_poll_synchronize_rcu_common();
}
@@ -3587,19 +3587,19 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(poll_state_synchronize_rcu);
/**
* poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full - Has the specified RCU grace period completed?
- * @rgosp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full() or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full()
+ * @gsp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full() or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full()
*
* If a full RCU grace period has elapsed since the earlier call from
- * which *rgosp was obtained, return @true, otherwise return @false.
+ * which *gsp was obtained, return @true, otherwise return @false.
* If @false is returned, it is the caller's responsibility to invoke this
* function later on until it does return @true. Alternatively, the caller
- * can explicitly wait for a grace period, for example, by passing @rgosp
+ * can explicitly wait for a grace period, for example, by passing @gsp
* to cond_synchronize_rcu() or by directly invoking synchronize_rcu().
*
* Yes, this function does not take counter wrap into account.
* But counter wrap is harmless. If the counter wraps, we have waited
* for more than a billion grace periods (and way more on a 64-bit
- * system!). Those needing to keep rcu_gp_oldstate values for very
+ * system!). Those needing to keep rcu_gp_seq values for very
* long time periods (many hours even on 32-bit systems) should check
* them occasionally and either refresh them or set a flag indicating
* that the grace period has completed. Alternatively, they can use
@@ -3608,7 +3608,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(poll_state_synchronize_rcu);
*
* This function provides the same memory-ordering guarantees that would
* be provided by a synchronize_rcu() that was invoked at the call to
- * the function that provided @rgosp, and that returned at the end of this
+ * the function that provided @gsp, and that returned at the end of this
* function. And this guarantee requires that the root rcu_node structure's
* ->gp_seq field be checked instead of that of the rcu_state structure.
* The problem is that the just-ending grace-period's callbacks can be
@@ -3618,15 +3618,15 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(poll_state_synchronize_rcu);
* cause a subsequent poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() to return @true,
* then the root rcu_node structure is the one that needs to be polled.
*/
-bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root();
smp_mb(); // Order against root rcu_node structure grace-period cleanup.
- if (rgosp->rgos_norm == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
- rcu_seq_done_exact(&rnp->gp_seq, rgosp->rgos_norm) ||
- rgosp->rgos_exp == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
- rcu_seq_done_exact(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence, rgosp->rgos_exp)) {
+ if (gsp->norm == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
+ rcu_seq_done_exact(&rnp->gp_seq, gsp->norm) ||
+ gsp->exp == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
+ rcu_seq_done_exact(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence, gsp->exp)) {
smp_mb(); /* Ensure GP ends before subsequent accesses. */
return true;
}
@@ -3661,11 +3661,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu);
/**
* cond_synchronize_rcu_full - Conditionally wait for an RCU grace period
- * @rgosp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(), or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full()
+ * @gsp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(), or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full()
*
* If a full RCU grace period has elapsed since the call to
* get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(),
- * or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full() from which @rgosp was
+ * or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full() from which @gsp was
* obtained, just return. Otherwise, invoke synchronize_rcu() to wait
* for a full grace period.
*
@@ -3676,12 +3676,12 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu);
*
* This function provides the same memory-ordering guarantees that
* would be provided by a synchronize_rcu() that was invoked at the call
- * to the function that provided @rgosp and that returned at the end of
+ * to the function that provided @gsp and that returned at the end of
* this function.
*/
-void cond_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+void cond_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(rgosp))
+ if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(gsp))
synchronize_rcu();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu_full);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h b/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h
index 82cada459e5d0c..7024131574df8a 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h
@@ -1047,18 +1047,18 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited);
/**
* start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full - Take a full snapshot and start expedited grace period
- * @rgosp: Place to put snapshot of grace-period state
+ * @gsp: Place to put snapshot of grace-period state
*
- * Places the normal and expedited grace-period states in rgosp. This
+ * Places the normal and expedited grace-period states in gsp. This
* state value can be passed to a later call to cond_synchronize_rcu_full()
* or poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() to determine whether or not a
* grace period (whether normal or expedited) has elapsed in the meantime.
* If the needed expedited grace period is not already slated to start,
* initiates that grace period.
*/
-void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(rgosp);
+ get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(gsp);
(void)start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full);
@@ -1092,11 +1092,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited);
/**
* cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full - Conditionally wait for an expedited RCU grace period
- * @rgosp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(), or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full()
+ * @gsp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(), or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full()
*
* If a full RCU grace period has elapsed since the call to
* get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(),
- * or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full() from which @rgosp was
+ * or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full() from which @gsp was
* obtained, just return. Otherwise, invoke synchronize_rcu_expedited()
* to wait for a full grace period.
*
@@ -1107,12 +1107,12 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited);
*
* This function provides the same memory-ordering guarantees that
* would be provided by a synchronize_rcu() that was invoked at the call
- * to the function that provided @rgosp and that returned at the end of
+ * to the function that provided @gsp and that returned at the end of
* this function.
*/
-void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
+void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(rgosp))
+ if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(gsp))
synchronize_rcu_expedited();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full);
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index b6426d7ceec922..d34743d1f3cbb2 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -1322,7 +1322,7 @@ static struct workqueue_struct *rcu_reclaim_wq;
*/
struct kvfree_rcu_bulk_data {
struct list_head list;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gp_snap;
unsigned long nr_records;
void *records[] __counted_by(nr_records);
};
@@ -1347,7 +1347,7 @@ struct kvfree_rcu_bulk_data {
struct kfree_rcu_cpu_work {
struct rcu_work rcu_work;
struct rcu_head *head_free;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate head_free_gp_snap;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq head_free_gp_snap;
struct list_head bulk_head_free[FREE_N_CHANNELS];
struct kfree_rcu_cpu *krcp;
};
@@ -1555,7 +1555,7 @@ static void kfree_rcu_work(struct work_struct *work)
struct rcu_head *head;
struct kfree_rcu_cpu *krcp;
struct kfree_rcu_cpu_work *krwp;
- struct rcu_gp_oldstate head_gp_snap;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq head_gp_snap;
int i;
krwp = container_of(to_rcu_work(work),
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 03/12] rcu/segcblist: Add SRCU and Tasks RCU wrapper functions
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 01/12] rcu: Remove unused rdp parameter from trace_rcu_this_gp() Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 02/12] rcu: Rename struct rcu_gp_oldstate to rcu_gp_seq Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 04/12] rcu/segcblist: Factor out rcu_segcblist_advance_compact() helper Paul E. McKenney
` (8 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu
Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Paul E . McKenney, Frederic Weisbecker
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Add srcu_segcblist_advance() and srcu_segcblist_accelerate() wrappers
that forward to the core rcu_segcblist_advance() and
rcu_segcblist_accelerate() functions, and switch all SRCU (srcutree.c)
and Tasks RCU (tasks.h) callers to use these wrappers.
This isolates SRCU and Tasks RCU from upcoming changes to the core
advance/accelerate functions, which will switch to struct
rcu_gp_seq for dual normal/expedited GP tracking. Because SRCU and
Tasks RCU use only normal GP sequences, their wrappers will maintain the
existing unsigned long interface.
No functional change.
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c | 10 ++++++++++
kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h | 2 ++
kernel/rcu/srcutree.c | 14 +++++++-------
kernel/rcu/tasks.h | 8 ++++----
4 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
index 298a2c573f02c3..da39d818b01b10 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
@@ -620,3 +620,13 @@ void rcu_segcblist_merge(struct rcu_segcblist *dst_rsclp,
rcu_segcblist_init(src_rsclp);
}
+
+void srcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
+{
+ rcu_segcblist_advance(rsclp, seq);
+}
+
+bool srcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
+{
+ return rcu_segcblist_accelerate(rsclp, seq);
+}
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
index fadc08ad4b7b60..956f2967d9d294 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
@@ -143,3 +143,5 @@ void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq);
bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq);
void rcu_segcblist_merge(struct rcu_segcblist *dst_rsclp,
struct rcu_segcblist *src_rsclp);
+void srcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq);
+bool srcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/srcutree.c b/kernel/rcu/srcutree.c
index 7c2f7cc131f7ae..519a35719c8961 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/srcutree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/srcutree.c
@@ -1351,7 +1351,7 @@ static unsigned long srcu_gp_start_if_needed(struct srcu_struct *ssp,
* 2) The grace period for RCU_WAIT_TAIL is seen as started but not
* completed so rcu_seq_current() returns X + SRCU_STATE_SCAN1.
*
- * 3) This value is passed to rcu_segcblist_advance() which can't move
+ * 3) This value is passed to srcu_segcblist_advance() which can't move
* any segment forward and fails.
*
* 4) srcu_gp_start_if_needed() still proceeds with callback acceleration.
@@ -1360,15 +1360,15 @@ static unsigned long srcu_gp_start_if_needed(struct srcu_struct *ssp,
* RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL segment as started (ie: X + 4 + SRCU_STATE_SCAN1)
* so it returns a snapshot of the next grace period, which is X + 12.
*
- * 5) The value of X + 12 is passed to rcu_segcblist_accelerate() but the
+ * 5) The value of X + 12 is passed to srcu_segcblist_accelerate() but the
* freshly enqueued callback in RCU_NEXT_TAIL can't move to
* RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL which already has callbacks for a previous grace
* period (gp_num = X + 8). So acceleration fails.
*/
s = rcu_seq_snap(&ssp->srcu_sup->srcu_gp_seq);
if (rhp) {
- rcu_segcblist_advance(&sdp->srcu_cblist,
- rcu_seq_current(&ssp->srcu_sup->srcu_gp_seq));
+ srcu_segcblist_advance(&sdp->srcu_cblist,
+ rcu_seq_current(&ssp->srcu_sup->srcu_gp_seq));
/*
* Acceleration can never fail because the base current gp_seq
* used for acceleration is <= the value of gp_seq used for
@@ -1376,7 +1376,7 @@ static unsigned long srcu_gp_start_if_needed(struct srcu_struct *ssp,
* always be able to be emptied by the acceleration into the
* RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL or RCU_WAIT_TAIL segments.
*/
- WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&sdp->srcu_cblist, s));
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(!srcu_segcblist_accelerate(&sdp->srcu_cblist, s));
}
if (ULONG_CMP_LT(sdp->srcu_gp_seq_needed, s)) {
sdp->srcu_gp_seq_needed = s;
@@ -1891,8 +1891,8 @@ static void srcu_invoke_callbacks(struct work_struct *work)
rcu_cblist_init(&ready_cbs);
raw_spin_lock_irq_rcu_node(sdp);
WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_segcblist_segempty(&sdp->srcu_cblist, RCU_NEXT_TAIL));
- rcu_segcblist_advance(&sdp->srcu_cblist,
- rcu_seq_current(&ssp->srcu_sup->srcu_gp_seq));
+ srcu_segcblist_advance(&sdp->srcu_cblist,
+ rcu_seq_current(&ssp->srcu_sup->srcu_gp_seq));
/*
* Although this function is theoretically re-entrant, concurrent
* callbacks invocation is disallowed to avoid executing an SRCU barrier
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tasks.h b/kernel/rcu/tasks.h
index f4da5fad70f516..92971499a12c55 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tasks.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tasks.h
@@ -481,8 +481,8 @@ static int rcu_tasks_need_gpcb(struct rcu_tasks *rtp)
if (cpu > 0)
ncbsnz += n;
}
- rcu_segcblist_advance(&rtpcp->cblist, rcu_seq_current(&rtp->tasks_gp_seq));
- (void)rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rtpcp->cblist, rcu_seq_snap(&rtp->tasks_gp_seq));
+ srcu_segcblist_advance(&rtpcp->cblist, rcu_seq_current(&rtp->tasks_gp_seq));
+ (void)srcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rtpcp->cblist, rcu_seq_snap(&rtp->tasks_gp_seq));
if (rtpcp->urgent_gp > 0 && rcu_segcblist_pend_cbs(&rtpcp->cblist)) {
if (rtp->lazy_jiffies)
rtpcp->urgent_gp--;
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ static void rcu_tasks_invoke_cbs(struct rcu_tasks *rtp, struct rcu_tasks_percpu
if (rcu_segcblist_empty(&rtpcp->cblist))
return;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rtpcp, flags);
- rcu_segcblist_advance(&rtpcp->cblist, rcu_seq_current(&rtp->tasks_gp_seq));
+ srcu_segcblist_advance(&rtpcp->cblist, rcu_seq_current(&rtp->tasks_gp_seq));
rcu_segcblist_extract_done_cbs(&rtpcp->cblist, &rcl);
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rtpcp, flags);
len = rcl.len;
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ static void rcu_tasks_invoke_cbs(struct rcu_tasks *rtp, struct rcu_tasks_percpu
}
raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rtpcp, flags);
rcu_segcblist_add_len(&rtpcp->cblist, -len);
- (void)rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rtpcp->cblist, rcu_seq_snap(&rtp->tasks_gp_seq));
+ (void)srcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rtpcp->cblist, rcu_seq_snap(&rtp->tasks_gp_seq));
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rtpcp, flags);
}
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 04/12] rcu/segcblist: Factor out rcu_segcblist_advance_compact() helper
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (2 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 03/12] rcu/segcblist: Add SRCU and Tasks RCU wrapper functions Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 05/12] rcu/segcblist: Track segment grace periods with struct rcu_gp_seq Paul E. McKenney
` (7 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu
Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Paul E . McKenney, Frederic Weisbecker
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
This commit extracts the tail-pointer cleanup and segment compaction
logic from rcu_segcblist_advance() into a new static helper function,
rcu_segcblist_advance_compact(). This shared logic will be reused by the
upcoming srcu_segcblist_advance() standalone implementation, which
cannot call the core rcu_segcblist_advance() because that function will
use RCU-specific globals.
No functional change.
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
1 file changed, 32 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
index da39d818b01b10..421f1dadb5e55b 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
@@ -462,13 +462,43 @@ void rcu_segcblist_insert_pend_cbs(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp,
WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[RCU_NEXT_TAIL], rclp->tail);
}
+/*
+ * Clean up and compact the segmented callback list after callbacks have been
+ * advanced to the RCU_DONE_TAIL segment. The @i parameter is the index of the
+ * first segment that was NOT advanced (i.e., the segment after the last one
+ * moved to RCU_DONE_TAIL). This function fixes up tail pointers and compacts
+ * any gaps left by the moved segments.
+ */
+static void rcu_segcblist_advance_compact(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, int i)
+{
+ int j;
+
+ /* Clean up tail pointers that might have been misordered above. */
+ for (j = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; j < i; j++)
+ WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[j], rsclp->tails[RCU_DONE_TAIL]);
+
+ /*
+ * Callbacks moved, so there might be an empty RCU_WAIT_TAIL
+ * and a non-empty RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL. If so, copy the
+ * RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL segment to fill the RCU_WAIT_TAIL gap
+ * created by the now-ready-to-invoke segments.
+ */
+ for (j = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++, j++) {
+ if (rsclp->tails[j] == rsclp->tails[RCU_NEXT_TAIL])
+ break; /* No more callbacks. */
+ WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[j], rsclp->tails[i]);
+ rcu_segcblist_move_seglen(rsclp, i, j);
+ rsclp->gp_seq[j] = rsclp->gp_seq[i];
+ }
+}
+
/*
* Advance the callbacks in the specified rcu_segcblist structure based
* on the current value passed in for the grace-period counter.
*/
void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
{
- int i, j;
+ int i;
WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_segcblist_is_enabled(rsclp));
if (rcu_segcblist_restempty(rsclp, RCU_DONE_TAIL))
@@ -489,23 +519,7 @@ void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
if (i == RCU_WAIT_TAIL)
return;
- /* Clean up tail pointers that might have been misordered above. */
- for (j = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; j < i; j++)
- WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[j], rsclp->tails[RCU_DONE_TAIL]);
-
- /*
- * Callbacks moved, so there might be an empty RCU_WAIT_TAIL
- * and a non-empty RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL. If so, copy the
- * RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL segment to fill the RCU_WAIT_TAIL gap
- * created by the now-ready-to-invoke segments.
- */
- for (j = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++, j++) {
- if (rsclp->tails[j] == rsclp->tails[RCU_NEXT_TAIL])
- break; /* No more callbacks. */
- WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[j], rsclp->tails[i]);
- rcu_segcblist_move_seglen(rsclp, i, j);
- rsclp->gp_seq[j] = rsclp->gp_seq[i];
- }
+ rcu_segcblist_advance_compact(rsclp, i);
}
/*
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 05/12] rcu/segcblist: Track segment grace periods with struct rcu_gp_seq
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (3 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 04/12] rcu/segcblist: Factor out rcu_segcblist_advance_compact() helper Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 06/12] rcu: Add RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED for subsystems without expedited GPs Paul E. McKenney
` (6 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu
Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Frederic Weisbecker, Paul E . McKenney
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Change the type of the per-segment ->gp_seq[] array in struct
rcu_segcblist from unsigned long to struct rcu_gp_seq. This prepares the
callback tracking infrastructure to record both normal and expedited
grace periods per segment.
The rcu_segcblist_nextgp(), rcu_segcblist_advance(), and
rcu_segcblist_accelerate() helpers now take a struct rcu_gp_seq * instead
of an unsigned long, and all callers use the .norm field for comparisons
and assignments. The SRCU and Tasks RCU wrappers construct a struct
rcu_gp_seq with only .norm set and forward to the core helpers.
No functional change: only the .norm field is used.
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h | 2 +-
include/trace/events/rcu.h | 5 +++--
kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c | 24 ++++++++++++++----------
kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h | 6 +++---
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 25 ++++++++++++++-----------
kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h | 21 +++++++++++----------
6 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h b/include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h
index 2fdc2208f1ca3a..137cc23b024c5f 100644
--- a/include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h
+++ b/include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ struct rcu_cblist {
struct rcu_segcblist {
struct rcu_head *head;
struct rcu_head **tails[RCU_CBLIST_NSEGS];
- unsigned long gp_seq[RCU_CBLIST_NSEGS];
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gp_seq[RCU_CBLIST_NSEGS];
#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU
atomic_long_t len;
#else
diff --git a/include/trace/events/rcu.h b/include/trace/events/rcu.h
index 5fbdabe3faead8..c84309c3883436 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/rcu.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/rcu.h
@@ -547,10 +547,11 @@ TRACE_EVENT_RCU(rcu_segcb_stats,
),
TP_fast_assign(
+ int i;
__entry->ctx = ctx;
memcpy(__entry->seglen, rs->seglen, RCU_CBLIST_NSEGS * sizeof(long));
- memcpy(__entry->gp_seq, rs->gp_seq, RCU_CBLIST_NSEGS * sizeof(unsigned long));
-
+ for (i = 0; i < RCU_CBLIST_NSEGS; i++)
+ __entry->gp_seq[i] = rs->gp_seq[i].norm;
),
TP_printk("%s seglen: (DONE=%ld, WAIT=%ld, NEXT_READY=%ld, NEXT=%ld) "
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
index 421f1dadb5e55b..4e3dfe42bc097b 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
@@ -307,13 +307,13 @@ struct rcu_head *rcu_segcblist_first_pend_cb(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp)
/*
* Return false if there are no CBs awaiting grace periods, otherwise,
- * return true and store the nearest waited-upon grace period into *lp.
+ * return true and store the nearest waited-upon grace period state into *gsp.
*/
-bool rcu_segcblist_nextgp(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long *lp)
+bool rcu_segcblist_nextgp(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
if (!rcu_segcblist_pend_cbs(rsclp))
return false;
- *lp = rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_WAIT_TAIL];
+ *gsp = rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_WAIT_TAIL];
return true;
}
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ static void rcu_segcblist_advance_compact(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, int i)
* Advance the callbacks in the specified rcu_segcblist structure based
* on the current value passed in for the grace-period counter.
*/
-void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
+void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
int i;
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
* are ready to invoke, and put them into the RCU_DONE_TAIL segment.
*/
for (i = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++) {
- if (ULONG_CMP_LT(seq, rsclp->gp_seq[i]))
+ if (ULONG_CMP_LT(gsp->norm, rsclp->gp_seq[i].norm))
break;
WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[RCU_DONE_TAIL], rsclp->tails[i]);
rcu_segcblist_move_seglen(rsclp, i, RCU_DONE_TAIL);
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
* ready to invoke. Returns true if there are callbacks that won't be
* ready to invoke until seq, false otherwise.
*/
-bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
+bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
int i, j;
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
*/
for (i = RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL; i > RCU_DONE_TAIL; i--)
if (!rcu_segcblist_segempty(rsclp, i) &&
- ULONG_CMP_LT(rsclp->gp_seq[i], seq))
+ ULONG_CMP_LT(rsclp->gp_seq[i].norm, gsp->norm))
break;
/*
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
*/
for (; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++) {
WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[i], rsclp->tails[RCU_NEXT_TAIL]);
- rsclp->gp_seq[i] = seq;
+ rsclp->gp_seq[i].norm = gsp->norm;
}
return true;
}
@@ -637,10 +637,14 @@ void rcu_segcblist_merge(struct rcu_segcblist *dst_rsclp,
void srcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
{
- rcu_segcblist_advance(rsclp, seq);
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gs = { .norm = seq };
+
+ rcu_segcblist_advance(rsclp, &gs);
}
bool srcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
{
- return rcu_segcblist_accelerate(rsclp, seq);
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gs = { .norm = seq };
+
+ return rcu_segcblist_accelerate(rsclp, &gs);
}
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
index 956f2967d9d294..16b0cb6b32507a 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ bool rcu_segcblist_ready_cbs(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp);
bool rcu_segcblist_pend_cbs(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp);
struct rcu_head *rcu_segcblist_first_cb(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp);
struct rcu_head *rcu_segcblist_first_pend_cb(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp);
-bool rcu_segcblist_nextgp(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long *lp);
+bool rcu_segcblist_nextgp(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
void rcu_segcblist_enqueue(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp,
struct rcu_head *rhp);
bool rcu_segcblist_entrain(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp,
@@ -139,8 +139,8 @@ void rcu_segcblist_insert_done_cbs(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp,
struct rcu_cblist *rclp);
void rcu_segcblist_insert_pend_cbs(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp,
struct rcu_cblist *rclp);
-void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq);
-bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq);
+void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
+bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
void rcu_segcblist_merge(struct rcu_segcblist *dst_rsclp,
struct rcu_segcblist *src_rsclp);
void srcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index 0d2d877eb94564..9ca811e534b5bf 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@ static void rcu_gp_kthread_wake(void)
*/
static bool rcu_accelerate_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
- unsigned long gp_seq_req;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gs;
bool ret = false;
rcu_lockdep_assert_cblist_protected(rdp);
@@ -1159,15 +1159,15 @@ static bool rcu_accelerate_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
* accelerating callback invocation to an earlier grace-period
* number.
*/
- gp_seq_req = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.gp_seq);
- if (rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rdp->cblist, gp_seq_req))
- ret = rcu_start_this_gp(rnp, rdp, gp_seq_req);
+ gs.norm = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.gp_seq);
+ if (rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rdp->cblist, &gs))
+ ret = rcu_start_this_gp(rnp, rdp, gs.norm);
/* Trace depending on how much we were able to accelerate. */
if (rcu_segcblist_restempty(&rdp->cblist, RCU_WAIT_TAIL))
- trace_rcu_grace_period(rcu_state.name, gp_seq_req, TPS("AccWaitCB"));
+ trace_rcu_grace_period(rcu_state.name, gs.norm, TPS("AccWaitCB"));
else
- trace_rcu_grace_period(rcu_state.name, gp_seq_req, TPS("AccReadyCB"));
+ trace_rcu_grace_period(rcu_state.name, gs.norm, TPS("AccReadyCB"));
trace_rcu_segcb_stats(&rdp->cblist, TPS("SegCbPostAcc"));
@@ -1184,14 +1184,14 @@ static bool rcu_accelerate_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
static void rcu_accelerate_cbs_unlocked(struct rcu_node *rnp,
struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
- unsigned long c;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gs;
bool needwake;
rcu_lockdep_assert_cblist_protected(rdp);
- c = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.gp_seq);
- if (!READ_ONCE(rdp->gpwrap) && ULONG_CMP_GE(rdp->gp_seq_needed, c)) {
+ gs.norm = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.gp_seq);
+ if (!READ_ONCE(rdp->gpwrap) && ULONG_CMP_GE(rdp->gp_seq_needed, gs.norm)) {
/* Old request still live, so mark recent callbacks. */
- (void)rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rdp->cblist, c);
+ (void)rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rdp->cblist, &gs);
return;
}
raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs already disabled. */
@@ -1213,6 +1213,8 @@ static void rcu_accelerate_cbs_unlocked(struct rcu_node *rnp,
*/
static bool rcu_advance_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gs;
+
rcu_lockdep_assert_cblist_protected(rdp);
raw_lockdep_assert_held_rcu_node(rnp);
@@ -1224,7 +1226,8 @@ static bool rcu_advance_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
* Find all callbacks whose ->gp_seq numbers indicate that they
* are ready to invoke, and put them into the RCU_DONE_TAIL sublist.
*/
- rcu_segcblist_advance(&rdp->cblist, rnp->gp_seq);
+ gs.norm = rnp->gp_seq;
+ rcu_segcblist_advance(&rdp->cblist, &gs);
/* Classify any remaining callbacks. */
return rcu_accelerate_cbs(rnp, rdp);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h b/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
index c4a5b4662b3afa..eaa1ad5297e293 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ static bool rcu_nocb_try_bypass(struct rcu_data *rdp, struct rcu_head *rhp,
bool lazy)
{
unsigned long c;
- unsigned long cur_gp_seq;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq cur_gp_seq;
unsigned long j = jiffies;
long ncbs = rcu_cblist_n_cbs(&rdp->nocb_bypass);
long lazy_len = READ_ONCE(rdp->lazy_len);
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ static bool rcu_nocb_try_bypass(struct rcu_data *rdp, struct rcu_head *rhp,
}
if (j != rdp->nocb_gp_adv_time &&
rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &cur_gp_seq) &&
- rcu_seq_done(&rdp->mynode->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq)) {
+ rcu_seq_done(&rdp->mynode->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq.norm)) {
rcu_advance_cbs_nowake(rdp->mynode, rdp);
rdp->nocb_gp_adv_time = j;
}
@@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
{
bool bypass = false;
int __maybe_unused cpu = my_rdp->cpu;
- unsigned long cur_gp_seq;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq cur_gp_seq;
unsigned long flags;
bool gotcbs = false;
unsigned long j = jiffies;
@@ -731,7 +731,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
if (!rcu_segcblist_restempty(&rdp->cblist,
RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL) ||
(rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &cur_gp_seq) &&
- rcu_seq_done(&rnp->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq))) {
+ rcu_seq_done(&rnp->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq.norm))) {
raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs disabled. */
needwake_gp = rcu_advance_cbs(rnp, rdp);
wasempty = rcu_segcblist_restempty(&rdp->cblist,
@@ -744,8 +744,8 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL));
if (rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &cur_gp_seq)) {
if (!needwait_gp ||
- ULONG_CMP_LT(cur_gp_seq, wait_gp_seq))
- wait_gp_seq = cur_gp_seq;
+ ULONG_CMP_LT(cur_gp_seq.norm, wait_gp_seq))
+ wait_gp_seq = cur_gp_seq.norm;
needwait_gp = true;
trace_rcu_nocb_wake(rcu_state.name, rdp->cpu,
TPS("NeedWaitGP"));
@@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ static inline bool nocb_cb_wait_cond(struct rcu_data *rdp)
static void nocb_cb_wait(struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
struct rcu_segcblist *cblist = &rdp->cblist;
- unsigned long cur_gp_seq;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq cur_gp_seq;
unsigned long flags;
bool needwake_gp = false;
struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@ static void nocb_cb_wait(struct rcu_data *rdp)
lockdep_assert_irqs_enabled();
rcu_nocb_lock_irqsave(rdp, flags);
if (rcu_segcblist_nextgp(cblist, &cur_gp_seq) &&
- rcu_seq_done(&rnp->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq) &&
+ rcu_seq_done(&rnp->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq.norm) &&
raw_spin_trylock_rcu_node(rnp)) { /* irqs already disabled. */
needwake_gp = rcu_advance_cbs(rdp->mynode, rdp);
raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs remain disabled. */
@@ -1569,9 +1569,10 @@ static void show_rcu_nocb_state(struct rcu_data *rdp)
nocb_entry_rdp);
sprintf(bufd, "%ld", rsclp->seglen[RCU_DONE_TAIL]);
- sprintf(bufw, "%ld(%ld)", rsclp->seglen[RCU_WAIT_TAIL], rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_WAIT_TAIL]);
+ sprintf(bufw, "%ld(%ld)", rsclp->seglen[RCU_WAIT_TAIL],
+ rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_WAIT_TAIL].norm);
sprintf(bufr, "%ld(%ld)", rsclp->seglen[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL],
- rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL]);
+ rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL].norm);
sprintf(bufn, "%ld", rsclp->seglen[RCU_NEXT_TAIL]);
sprintf(bufb, "%ld", rcu_cblist_n_cbs(&rdp->nocb_bypass));
pr_info(" CB %d^%d->%d %c%c%c%c%c F%ld L%ld C%d %c%s%c%s%c%s%c%s%c%s q%ld %c CPU %d%s\n",
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 06/12] rcu: Add RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED for subsystems without expedited GPs
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (4 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 05/12] rcu/segcblist: Track segment grace periods with struct rcu_gp_seq Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 07/12] rcu: Enable RCU callbacks to benefit from expedited grace periods Paul E. McKenney
` (5 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu
Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Paul E . McKenney, Frederic Weisbecker
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
SRCU and Tasks RCU do not track expedited grace periods. When their
callback state is checked via poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), the
uninitialized or zeroed exp field could cause false-positive
completion detection.
This commit adds an RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED sentinel value (0x2) that
these subsystems can place into exp to indicate that expedited GP
tracking is not applicable. The expedited sequence check in
poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() is guarded to skip entries marked with
this sentinel.
This is needed to allow rcu_segcblist_advance() and rcu_accelerate_cbs()
to work with both normal and expedited grace periods via
get_state_synchronize_rcu_full() and poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full().
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/rcu.h | 13 +++++++++++--
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 3 ++-
2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu.h b/kernel/rcu/rcu.h
index fa6d30ce73d1fd..0507bb7dac1218 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu.h
@@ -46,16 +46,25 @@
* the number of pending readers that will use
* this inactive index is bounded).
*
- * RCU polled GP special control value:
+ * RCU polled GP special control values:
*
* RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED : State value indicating an already-completed
* polled GP has completed. This value covers
* both the state and the counter of the
* grace-period sequence number.
+ *
+ * RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED : State value indicating that a GP component
+ * is not tracked by this subsystem and should
+ * not be checked. Used by SRCU and RCU Tasks
+ * which do not track expedited GPs, to prevent
+ * false-positive completion when their
+ * gp_seq entries are checked via
+ * poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full().
*/
-/* Low-order bit definition for polled grace-period APIs. */
+/* Low-order bit definitions for polled grace-period APIs. */
#define RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED 0x1
+#define RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED 0x2
/* A complete grace period count */
#define RCU_SEQ_GP (RCU_SEQ_STATE_MASK + 1)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index 9ca811e534b5bf..640ebe055a2460 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -3629,7 +3629,8 @@ bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
if (gsp->norm == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
rcu_seq_done_exact(&rnp->gp_seq, gsp->norm) ||
gsp->exp == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
- rcu_seq_done_exact(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence, gsp->exp)) {
+ (gsp->exp != RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED &&
+ rcu_seq_done_exact(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence, gsp->exp))) {
smp_mb(); /* Ensure GP ends before subsequent accesses. */
return true;
}
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 07/12] rcu: Enable RCU callbacks to benefit from expedited grace periods
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (5 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 06/12] rcu: Add RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED for subsystems without expedited GPs Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 08/12] rcu: Update comments for gp_seq and expedited GP tracking Paul E. McKenney
` (4 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu; +Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Paul E . McKenney
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Currently, RCU callbacks only track normal grace-period sequence
numbers. This means callbacks must wait for normal grace periods to
complete even when expedited grace periods have already elapsed.
Use the full struct rcu_gp_seq (which tracks both the normal and
expedited grace-period sequences) throughout the callback
infrastructure.
rcu_segcblist_advance() now checks both normal and expedited GP
completion via poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), and becomes
parameterless since it reads the grace-period state internally.
rcu_segcblist_accelerate() stores the full state (both sequences)
instead of just the normal one. rcu_accelerate_cbs() and
rcu_accelerate_cbs_unlocked() use get_state_synchronize_rcu_full() to
capture both sequences, and the NOCB advance checks use
poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() instead of comparing only the normal
sequence.
srcu_segcblist_advance() becomes a standalone implementation because it
compares SRCU sequences directly and cannot use
poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), which reads RCU-specific globals.
srcu_segcblist_accelerate() sets the ->exp field to
RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED so that poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full()
compares only ->norm and ignores ->exp.
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++++-------
kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h | 2 +-
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 9 +++------
kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h | 22 ++++++++++++----------
4 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
index 4e3dfe42bc097b..cf8951d33e767f 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
+#include "rcu.h"
#include "rcu_segcblist.h"
/* Initialize simple callback list. */
@@ -494,9 +495,9 @@ static void rcu_segcblist_advance_compact(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, int i)
/*
* Advance the callbacks in the specified rcu_segcblist structure based
- * on the current value passed in for the grace-period counter.
+ * on the current value of the grace-period counter.
*/
-void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
+void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp)
{
int i;
@@ -509,7 +510,7 @@ void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
* are ready to invoke, and put them into the RCU_DONE_TAIL segment.
*/
for (i = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++) {
- if (ULONG_CMP_LT(gsp->norm, rsclp->gp_seq[i].norm))
+ if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&rsclp->gp_seq[i]))
break;
WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[RCU_DONE_TAIL], rsclp->tails[i]);
rcu_segcblist_move_seglen(rsclp, i, RCU_DONE_TAIL);
@@ -595,7 +596,7 @@ bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gs
*/
for (; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++) {
WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[i], rsclp->tails[RCU_NEXT_TAIL]);
- rsclp->gp_seq[i].norm = gsp->norm;
+ rsclp->gp_seq[i] = *gsp;
}
return true;
}
@@ -637,14 +638,29 @@ void rcu_segcblist_merge(struct rcu_segcblist *dst_rsclp,
void srcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
{
- struct rcu_gp_seq gs = { .norm = seq };
+ int i;
+
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_segcblist_is_enabled(rsclp));
+ if (rcu_segcblist_restempty(rsclp, RCU_DONE_TAIL))
+ return;
+
+ for (i = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++) {
+ if (ULONG_CMP_LT(seq, rsclp->gp_seq[i].norm))
+ break;
+ WRITE_ONCE(rsclp->tails[RCU_DONE_TAIL], rsclp->tails[i]);
+ rcu_segcblist_move_seglen(rsclp, i, RCU_DONE_TAIL);
+ }
+
+ /* If no callbacks moved, nothing more need be done. */
+ if (i == RCU_WAIT_TAIL)
+ return;
- rcu_segcblist_advance(rsclp, &gs);
+ rcu_segcblist_advance_compact(rsclp, i);
}
bool srcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
{
- struct rcu_gp_seq gs = { .norm = seq };
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gs = { .norm = seq, .exp = RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED };
return rcu_segcblist_accelerate(rsclp, &gs);
}
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
index 16b0cb6b32507a..431c4466b88984 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.h
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ void rcu_segcblist_insert_done_cbs(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp,
struct rcu_cblist *rclp);
void rcu_segcblist_insert_pend_cbs(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp,
struct rcu_cblist *rclp);
-void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
+void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp);
bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp);
void rcu_segcblist_merge(struct rcu_segcblist *dst_rsclp,
struct rcu_segcblist *src_rsclp);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index 640ebe055a2460..f63ce75c5b4f5c 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -1159,7 +1159,7 @@ static bool rcu_accelerate_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
* accelerating callback invocation to an earlier grace-period
* number.
*/
- gs.norm = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.gp_seq);
+ get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&gs);
if (rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rdp->cblist, &gs))
ret = rcu_start_this_gp(rnp, rdp, gs.norm);
@@ -1188,7 +1188,7 @@ static void rcu_accelerate_cbs_unlocked(struct rcu_node *rnp,
bool needwake;
rcu_lockdep_assert_cblist_protected(rdp);
- gs.norm = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.gp_seq);
+ get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&gs);
if (!READ_ONCE(rdp->gpwrap) && ULONG_CMP_GE(rdp->gp_seq_needed, gs.norm)) {
/* Old request still live, so mark recent callbacks. */
(void)rcu_segcblist_accelerate(&rdp->cblist, &gs);
@@ -1213,8 +1213,6 @@ static void rcu_accelerate_cbs_unlocked(struct rcu_node *rnp,
*/
static bool rcu_advance_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
- struct rcu_gp_seq gs;
-
rcu_lockdep_assert_cblist_protected(rdp);
raw_lockdep_assert_held_rcu_node(rnp);
@@ -1226,8 +1224,7 @@ static bool rcu_advance_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
* Find all callbacks whose ->gp_seq numbers indicate that they
* are ready to invoke, and put them into the RCU_DONE_TAIL sublist.
*/
- gs.norm = rnp->gp_seq;
- rcu_segcblist_advance(&rdp->cblist, &gs);
+ rcu_segcblist_advance(&rdp->cblist);
/* Classify any remaining callbacks. */
return rcu_accelerate_cbs(rnp, rdp);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h b/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
index eaa1ad5297e293..876dd897f18be3 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ static bool rcu_nocb_try_bypass(struct rcu_data *rdp, struct rcu_head *rhp,
}
if (j != rdp->nocb_gp_adv_time &&
rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &cur_gp_seq) &&
- rcu_seq_done(&rdp->mynode->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq.norm)) {
+ poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&cur_gp_seq)) {
rcu_advance_cbs_nowake(rdp->mynode, rdp);
rdp->nocb_gp_adv_time = j;
}
@@ -731,17 +731,17 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
if (!rcu_segcblist_restempty(&rdp->cblist,
RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL) ||
(rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &cur_gp_seq) &&
- rcu_seq_done(&rnp->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq.norm))) {
+ poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&cur_gp_seq))) {
raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs disabled. */
needwake_gp = rcu_advance_cbs(rnp, rdp);
wasempty = rcu_segcblist_restempty(&rdp->cblist,
RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL);
raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs disabled. */
}
- // Need to wait on some grace period?
WARN_ON_ONCE(wasempty &&
!rcu_segcblist_restempty(&rdp->cblist,
RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL));
+ // Need to wait on some grace period?
if (rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &cur_gp_seq)) {
if (!needwait_gp ||
ULONG_CMP_LT(cur_gp_seq.norm, wait_gp_seq))
@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@ static void nocb_cb_wait(struct rcu_data *rdp)
lockdep_assert_irqs_enabled();
rcu_nocb_lock_irqsave(rdp, flags);
if (rcu_segcblist_nextgp(cblist, &cur_gp_seq) &&
- rcu_seq_done(&rnp->gp_seq, cur_gp_seq.norm) &&
+ poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&cur_gp_seq) &&
raw_spin_trylock_rcu_node(rnp)) { /* irqs already disabled. */
needwake_gp = rcu_advance_cbs(rdp->mynode, rdp);
raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs remain disabled. */
@@ -1548,8 +1548,8 @@ static void show_rcu_nocb_gp_state(struct rcu_data *rdp)
static void show_rcu_nocb_state(struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
char bufd[22];
- char bufw[45];
- char bufr[45];
+ char bufw[64];
+ char bufr[64];
char bufn[22];
char bufb[22];
struct rcu_data *nocb_next_rdp;
@@ -1569,10 +1569,12 @@ static void show_rcu_nocb_state(struct rcu_data *rdp)
nocb_entry_rdp);
sprintf(bufd, "%ld", rsclp->seglen[RCU_DONE_TAIL]);
- sprintf(bufw, "%ld(%ld)", rsclp->seglen[RCU_WAIT_TAIL],
- rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_WAIT_TAIL].norm);
- sprintf(bufr, "%ld(%ld)", rsclp->seglen[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL],
- rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL].norm);
+ sprintf(bufw, "%ld(%ld/%ld)", rsclp->seglen[RCU_WAIT_TAIL],
+ rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_WAIT_TAIL].norm,
+ rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_WAIT_TAIL].exp);
+ sprintf(bufr, "%ld(%ld/%ld)", rsclp->seglen[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL],
+ rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL].norm,
+ rsclp->gp_seq[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL].exp);
sprintf(bufn, "%ld", rsclp->seglen[RCU_NEXT_TAIL]);
sprintf(bufb, "%ld", rcu_cblist_n_cbs(&rdp->nocb_bypass));
pr_info(" CB %d^%d->%d %c%c%c%c%c F%ld L%ld C%d %c%s%c%s%c%s%c%s%c%s q%ld %c CPU %d%s\n",
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 08/12] rcu: Update comments for gp_seq and expedited GP tracking
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (6 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 07/12] rcu: Enable RCU callbacks to benefit from expedited grace periods Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 09/12] rcu: Wake NOCB rcuog kthreads on expedited grace period completion Paul E. McKenney
` (3 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu
Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Paul E . McKenney, Frederic Weisbecker
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Update documentation comments throughout the RCU callback infrastructure
to reflect the transition from a single grace-period sequence number to
the full struct rcu_gp_seq that tracks both normal and expedited grace
periods.
The ->gp_seq[] array documentation in rcu_segcblist.h is updated to
describe dual (normal and expedited) GP tracking. The
rcu_segcblist_advance(), rcu_segcblist_accelerate(), and
rcu_advance_cbs() comments are updated to refer to the struct rcu_gp_seq
state (gsp) instead of the old bare grace-period sequence number (seq).
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h | 14 +++++++-----
kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c | 43 +++++++++++++++++++++++------------
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 6 ++---
3 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h b/include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h
index 137cc23b024c5f..08b63ecf719b2d 100644
--- a/include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h
+++ b/include/linux/rcu_segcblist.h
@@ -50,12 +50,14 @@ struct rcu_cblist {
* Note that RCU_WAIT_TAIL cannot be empty unless RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL is also
* empty.
*
- * The ->gp_seq[] array contains the grace-period number at which the
- * corresponding segment of callbacks will be ready to invoke. A given
- * element of this array is meaningful only when the corresponding segment
- * is non-empty, and it is never valid for RCU_DONE_TAIL (whose callbacks
- * are already ready to invoke) or for RCU_NEXT_TAIL (whose callbacks have
- * not yet been assigned a grace-period number).
+ * The ->gp_seq[] array contains the grace-period state at which the
+ * corresponding segment of callbacks will be ready to invoke. This tracks
+ * both normal and expedited grace periods, allowing callbacks to complete
+ * when either type of GP finishes. A given element of this array is
+ * meaningful only when the corresponding segment is non-empty, and it is
+ * never valid for RCU_DONE_TAIL (whose callbacks are already ready to
+ * invoke) or for RCU_NEXT_TAIL (whose callbacks have not yet been assigned
+ * a grace-period state).
*/
#define RCU_DONE_TAIL 0 /* Also RCU_WAIT head. */
#define RCU_WAIT_TAIL 1 /* Also RCU_NEXT_READY head. */
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
index cf8951d33e767f..dd770006e7f8be 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
@@ -495,7 +495,8 @@ static void rcu_segcblist_advance_compact(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, int i)
/*
* Advance the callbacks in the specified rcu_segcblist structure based
- * on the current value of the grace-period counter.
+ * on the current grace-period state. Checks both normal and expedited
+ * grace periods, advancing callbacks when either GP type completes.
*/
void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp)
{
@@ -506,8 +507,10 @@ void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp)
return;
/*
- * Find all callbacks whose ->gp_seq numbers indicate that they
- * are ready to invoke, and put them into the RCU_DONE_TAIL segment.
+ * Find all callbacks whose grace periods have completed (either
+ * normal or expedited) and put them into the RCU_DONE_TAIL segment.
+ * We check against the current global GP state, which includes
+ * proper memory barriers and handles special completion values.
*/
for (i = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++) {
if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&rsclp->gp_seq[i]))
@@ -534,9 +537,9 @@ void rcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp)
* them to complete at the end of the earlier grace period.
*
* This function operates on an rcu_segcblist structure, and also the
- * grace-period sequence number seq at which new callbacks would become
+ * grace-period state gsp at which new callbacks would become
* ready to invoke. Returns true if there are callbacks that won't be
- * ready to invoke until seq, false otherwise.
+ * ready to invoke until the grace period represented by gsp, false otherwise.
*/
bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
@@ -548,11 +551,11 @@ bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gs
/*
* Find the segment preceding the oldest segment of callbacks
- * whose ->gp_seq[] completion is at or after that passed in via
- * "seq", skipping any empty segments. This oldest segment, along
+ * whose grace period completion is at or after that passed in via
+ * "gsp", skipping any empty segments. This oldest segment, along
* with any later segments, can be merged in with any newly arrived
- * callbacks in the RCU_NEXT_TAIL segment, and assigned "seq"
- * as their ->gp_seq[] grace-period completion sequence number.
+ * callbacks in the RCU_NEXT_TAIL segment, and assigned "gsp"
+ * as their grace-period completion state.
*/
for (i = RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL; i > RCU_DONE_TAIL; i--)
if (!rcu_segcblist_segempty(rsclp, i) &&
@@ -561,7 +564,7 @@ bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gs
/*
* If all the segments contain callbacks that correspond to
- * earlier grace-period sequence numbers than "seq", leave.
+ * earlier grace-period sequence numbers than "gsp", leave.
* Assuming that the rcu_segcblist structure has enough
* segments in its arrays, this can only happen if some of
* the non-done segments contain callbacks that really are
@@ -569,15 +572,15 @@ bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gs
* out by the next call to rcu_segcblist_advance().
*
* Also advance to the oldest segment of callbacks whose
- * ->gp_seq[] completion is at or after that passed in via "seq",
+ * ->gp_seq[] completion is at or after that passed in via "gsp",
* skipping any empty segments.
*
* Note that segment "i" (and any lower-numbered segments
* containing older callbacks) will be unaffected, and their
- * grace-period numbers remain unchanged. For example, if i ==
+ * grace-period states remain unchanged. For example, if i ==
* WAIT_TAIL, then neither WAIT_TAIL nor DONE_TAIL will be touched.
* Instead, the CBs in NEXT_TAIL will be merged with those in
- * NEXT_READY_TAIL and the grace-period number of NEXT_READY_TAIL
+ * NEXT_READY_TAIL and the grace-period state of NEXT_READY_TAIL
* would be updated. NEXT_TAIL would then be empty.
*/
if (rcu_segcblist_restempty(rsclp, i) || ++i >= RCU_NEXT_TAIL)
@@ -589,8 +592,8 @@ bool rcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, struct rcu_gp_seq *gs
/*
* Merge all later callbacks, including newly arrived callbacks,
- * into the segment located by the for-loop above. Assign "seq"
- * as the ->gp_seq[] value in order to correctly handle the case
+ * into the segment located by the for-loop above. Assign "gsp"
+ * as the grace-period state in order to correctly handle the case
* where there were no pending callbacks in the rcu_segcblist
* structure other than in the RCU_NEXT_TAIL segment.
*/
@@ -644,6 +647,10 @@ void srcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
if (rcu_segcblist_restempty(rsclp, RCU_DONE_TAIL))
return;
+ /*
+ * Find all callbacks whose normal GP sequence numbers indicate
+ * that they are ready to invoke. For SRCU, we only check norm.
+ */
for (i = RCU_WAIT_TAIL; i < RCU_NEXT_TAIL; i++) {
if (ULONG_CMP_LT(seq, rsclp->gp_seq[i].norm))
break;
@@ -658,6 +665,12 @@ void srcu_segcblist_advance(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
rcu_segcblist_advance_compact(rsclp, i);
}
+/*
+ * SRCU wrapper for rcu_segcblist_accelerate() - converts SRCU's unsigned
+ * long GP sequence to rcu_gp_seq format with exp set to
+ * RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED (since SRCU does not use expedited GPs)
+ * and calls the core rcu_segcblist_accelerate().
+ */
bool srcu_segcblist_accelerate(struct rcu_segcblist *rsclp, unsigned long seq)
{
struct rcu_gp_seq gs = { .norm = seq, .exp = RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED };
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index f63ce75c5b4f5c..aa11e9a048302d 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@ static void rcu_accelerate_cbs_unlocked(struct rcu_node *rnp,
/*
* Move any callbacks whose grace period has completed to the
* RCU_DONE_TAIL sublist, then compact the remaining sublists and
- * assign ->gp_seq numbers to any callbacks in the RCU_NEXT_TAIL
+ * assign ->gp_seq[] state to any callbacks in the RCU_NEXT_TAIL
* sublist. This function is idempotent, so it does not hurt to
* invoke it repeatedly. As long as it is not invoked -too- often...
* Returns true if the RCU grace-period kthread needs to be awakened.
@@ -1221,8 +1221,8 @@ static bool rcu_advance_cbs(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
return false;
/*
- * Find all callbacks whose ->gp_seq numbers indicate that they
- * are ready to invoke, and put them into the RCU_DONE_TAIL sublist.
+ * Find all callbacks whose grace periods have completed (either
+ * normal or expedited) and put them into the RCU_DONE_TAIL sublist.
*/
rcu_segcblist_advance(&rdp->cblist);
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 09/12] rcu: Wake NOCB rcuog kthreads on expedited grace period completion
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (7 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 08/12] rcu: Update comments for gp_seq and expedited GP tracking Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 10/12] rcu: Detect expedited grace period completion in rcu_pending() Paul E. McKenney
` (2 subsequent siblings)
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu
Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Frederic Weisbecker, Paul E . McKenney
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
When an expedited grace period completes, rcu_exp_wait_wake() wakes
waiters on rnp->exp_wq[] but does not notify the NOCB rcuog kthreads. An
rcuog kthread that is waiting for a grace period sleeps on the leaf
rcu_node's ->nocb_gp_wq[] with a wait condition based on the grace-period
state, so without a wakeup, callbacks on offloaded CPUs that could
benefit from the expedited GP wait until the rcuog kthread wakes for some
other reason (e.g. the next normal GP or a timer).
Make the rcuog grace-period wait honour expedited GPs and wake it when
one completes:
- nocb_gp_wait() now records the grace period to wait for as a struct
rcu_gp_seq (both normal and expedited), tracks the earliest pending
normal and expedited sequence across the group, and releases the wait
via poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() so it wakes for whichever
completes first. ->nocb_gp_seq is widened to struct rcu_gp_seq
accordingly.
- rcu_exp_wait_wake() calls the new rcu_nocb_exp_cleanup() on leaf
nodes, which wakes both ->nocb_gp_wq[0] and ->nocb_gp_wq[1] (the
expedited sequence does not share parity with the normal ->gp_seq the
waiter indexed with). Both this path and rcu_nocb_gp_cleanup() use
the shared rcu_nocb_cleanup_wake() helper, which checks swait_active()
first; the smp_mb() in rcu_gp_cleanup()/rcu_exp_wait_wake() orders the
grace-period state update before that check.
A stub rcu_nocb_exp_cleanup() is provided for CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=n.
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 11 ++++-
kernel/rcu/tree.h | 3 +-
kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h | 2 +
kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h | 95 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
4 files changed, 94 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index aa11e9a048302d..251114eb974bca 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -2219,8 +2219,15 @@ static noinline void rcu_gp_cleanup(void)
dump_blkd_tasks(rnp, 10);
WARN_ON_ONCE(rnp->qsmask);
WRITE_ONCE(rnp->gp_seq, new_gp_seq);
- if (!rnp->parent)
- smp_mb(); // Order against failing poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full().
+ if (!rnp->parent) {
+ /*
+ * Order against failing poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(),
+ * and also against rcu_nocb_gp_cleanup() -> swait_active(),
+ * which relies on this barrier to observe a waiter that
+ * enqueued before re-checking the grace-period state.
+ */
+ smp_mb();
+ }
rdp = this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data);
if (rnp == rdp->mynode)
needgp = __note_gp_changes(rnp, rdp) || needgp;
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.h b/kernel/rcu/tree.h
index 7dfc57e9adb18e..01a1b2985abdeb 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.h
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ struct rcu_data {
u8 nocb_gp_sleep; /* Is the nocb GP thread asleep? */
u8 nocb_gp_bypass; /* Found a bypass on last scan? */
u8 nocb_gp_gp; /* GP to wait for on last scan? */
- unsigned long nocb_gp_seq; /* If so, ->gp_seq to wait for. */
+ struct rcu_gp_seq nocb_gp_seq; /* If so, GP state to wait for. */
unsigned long nocb_gp_loops; /* # passes through wait code. */
struct swait_queue_head nocb_gp_wq; /* For nocb kthreads to sleep on. */
bool nocb_cb_sleep; /* Is the nocb CB thread asleep? */
@@ -498,6 +498,7 @@ static bool rcu_preempt_need_deferred_qs(struct task_struct *t);
static void zero_cpu_stall_ticks(struct rcu_data *rdp);
static struct swait_queue_head *rcu_nocb_gp_get(struct rcu_node *rnp);
static void rcu_nocb_gp_cleanup(struct swait_queue_head *sq);
+static void rcu_nocb_exp_cleanup(struct rcu_node *rnp);
static void rcu_init_one_nocb(struct rcu_node *rnp);
static bool wake_nocb_gp(struct rcu_data *rdp);
static bool rcu_nocb_flush_bypass(struct rcu_data *rdp, struct rcu_head *rhp,
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h b/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h
index 7024131574df8a..1ab83c98af51c4 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h
@@ -708,6 +708,8 @@ static void rcu_exp_wait_wake(unsigned long s)
}
smp_mb(); /* All above changes before wakeup. */
wake_up_all(&rnp->exp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(s) & 0x3]);
+ if (rcu_is_leaf_node(rnp))
+ rcu_nocb_exp_cleanup(rnp);
}
trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("endwake"));
mutex_unlock(&rcu_state.exp_wake_mutex);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h b/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
index 876dd897f18be3..afb35f921b3387 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h
@@ -170,13 +170,35 @@ static void rcu_lockdep_assert_cblist_protected(struct rcu_data *rdp)
lockdep_assert_held(&rdp->nocb_lock);
}
+static void rcu_nocb_cleanup_wake(struct swait_queue_head *sq)
+{
+ if (swait_active(sq))
+ swake_up_all(sq);
+}
+
/*
* Wake up any no-CBs CPUs' kthreads that were waiting on the just-ended
* grace period.
*/
static void rcu_nocb_gp_cleanup(struct swait_queue_head *sq)
{
- swake_up_all(sq);
+ /*
+ * swait_active() can be checked first because of the following
+ * ordering, which pairs the smp_mb() in rcu_gp_cleanup() against
+ * the implicit barrier in prepare_to_swait()/set_current_state()
+ * on the nocb_gp_wait() side:
+ *
+ * rcu_gp_cleanup() nocb_gp_wait()
+ * --------------- --------------
+ * WRITE_ONCE(root->gp_seq, new_gp_seq); swait_event_interruptible_exclusive(sq)
+ * smp_mb() prepare_to_swait()
+ * if swait_active(sq) list_add_tail(...)
+ * swake_up_all(sq) set_current_state()
+ * smp_mb()
+ * if (poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full())
+ * ...
+ */
+ rcu_nocb_cleanup_wake(sq);
}
static struct swait_queue_head *rcu_nocb_gp_get(struct rcu_node *rnp)
@@ -190,6 +212,38 @@ static void rcu_init_one_nocb(struct rcu_node *rnp)
init_swait_queue_head(&rnp->nocb_gp_wq[1]);
}
+/*
+ * Wake NOCB rcuog kthreads on a leaf node so that they can advance
+ * callbacks that were waiting for the just-completed expedited GP.
+ *
+ * The rcuog kthread waiting for a grace period sleeps on the per-leaf-node
+ * ->nocb_gp_wq[] (not on its rdp_gp's ->nocb_gp_wq, which only signals that
+ * new callbacks have shown up), so this is the queue that must be woken.
+ * Both the even and odd waitqueues are woken because the expedited sequence
+ * does not share parity with the normal ->gp_seq the waiter indexed with.
+ */
+static void rcu_nocb_exp_cleanup(struct rcu_node *rnp)
+{
+ /*
+ * swait_active() can be checked first because of the following
+ * ordering, which pairs the smp_mb() in rcu_exp_wait_wake() against
+ * the implicit barrier in prepare_to_swait()/set_current_state()
+ * on the nocb_gp_wait() side:
+ *
+ * rcu_exp_wait_wake() nocb_gp_wait()
+ * --------------- --------------
+ * rcu_seq_end(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence); swait_event_interruptible_exclusive(sq)
+ * smp_mb() prepare_to_swait()
+ * if swait_active(sq) list_add_tail(...)
+ * swake_up_all(sq) set_current_state()
+ * smp_mb()
+ * if (poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full())
+ * ...
+ */
+ rcu_nocb_cleanup_wake(&rnp->nocb_gp_wq[0]);
+ rcu_nocb_cleanup_wake(&rnp->nocb_gp_wq[1]);
+}
+
/* Clear any pending deferred wakeup timer (nocb_gp_lock must be held). */
static void nocb_defer_wakeup_cancel(struct rcu_data *rdp_gp)
{
@@ -659,7 +713,6 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
{
bool bypass = false;
int __maybe_unused cpu = my_rdp->cpu;
- struct rcu_gp_seq cur_gp_seq;
unsigned long flags;
bool gotcbs = false;
unsigned long j = jiffies;
@@ -669,7 +722,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
bool needwake_gp;
struct rcu_data *rdp, *rdp_toggling = NULL;
struct rcu_node *rnp;
- unsigned long wait_gp_seq = 0; // Suppress "use uninitialized" warning.
+ struct rcu_gp_seq wait_gp_seq = {0}; // Suppress "use uninitialized" warning.
bool wasempty = false;
/*
@@ -693,6 +746,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
* won't be ignored for long.
*/
list_for_each_entry(rdp, &my_rdp->nocb_head_rdp, nocb_entry_rdp) {
+ struct rcu_gp_seq cur_gp_seq;
long bypass_ncbs;
bool flush_bypass = false;
long lazy_ncbs;
@@ -743,9 +797,15 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL));
// Need to wait on some grace period?
if (rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &cur_gp_seq)) {
- if (!needwait_gp ||
- ULONG_CMP_LT(cur_gp_seq.norm, wait_gp_seq))
- wait_gp_seq = cur_gp_seq.norm;
+ /*
+ * Track the earliest pending normal and expedited GP
+ * across the group so the wait below can be released by
+ * whichever completes first.
+ */
+ if (!needwait_gp || ULONG_CMP_LT(cur_gp_seq.norm, wait_gp_seq.norm))
+ wait_gp_seq.norm = cur_gp_seq.norm;
+ if (!needwait_gp || ULONG_CMP_LT(cur_gp_seq.exp, wait_gp_seq.exp))
+ wait_gp_seq.exp = cur_gp_seq.exp;
needwait_gp = true;
trace_rcu_nocb_wake(rcu_state.name, rdp->cpu,
TPS("NeedWaitGP"));
@@ -767,7 +827,8 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
my_rdp->nocb_gp_bypass = bypass;
my_rdp->nocb_gp_gp = needwait_gp;
- my_rdp->nocb_gp_seq = needwait_gp ? wait_gp_seq : 0;
+ if (needwait_gp)
+ my_rdp->nocb_gp_seq = wait_gp_seq;
// At least one child with non-empty ->nocb_bypass, so set
// timer in order to avoid stranding its callbacks.
@@ -802,12 +863,12 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
nocb_gp_sleep(my_rdp, cpu);
} else {
rnp = my_rdp->mynode;
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, wait_gp_seq, TPS("StartWait"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, wait_gp_seq.norm, TPS("StartWait"));
swait_event_interruptible_exclusive(
- rnp->nocb_gp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(wait_gp_seq) & 0x1],
- rcu_seq_done(&rnp->gp_seq, wait_gp_seq) ||
+ rnp->nocb_gp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(wait_gp_seq.norm) & 0x1],
+ poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&wait_gp_seq) ||
!READ_ONCE(my_rdp->nocb_gp_sleep));
- trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, wait_gp_seq, TPS("EndWait"));
+ trace_rcu_this_gp(rnp, wait_gp_seq.norm, TPS("EndWait"));
}
if (!rcu_nocb_poll) {
@@ -841,7 +902,8 @@ static noinline_for_stack void nocb_gp_wait(struct rcu_data *my_rdp)
swake_up_one(&rdp_toggling->nocb_state_wq);
}
- my_rdp->nocb_gp_seq = -1;
+ my_rdp->nocb_gp_seq.norm = -1;
+ my_rdp->nocb_gp_seq.exp = -1;
WARN_ON(signal_pending(current));
}
@@ -1525,7 +1587,7 @@ static void show_rcu_nocb_gp_state(struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
- pr_info("nocb GP %d %c%c%c%c%c %c[%c%c] %c%c:%ld rnp %d:%d %lu %c CPU %d%s\n",
+ pr_info("nocb GP %d %c%c%c%c%c %c[%c%c] %c%c:%ld/%ld rnp %d:%d %lu %c CPU %d%s\n",
rdp->cpu,
"kK"[!!rdp->nocb_gp_kthread],
"lL"[raw_spin_is_locked(&rdp->nocb_gp_lock)],
@@ -1537,7 +1599,8 @@ static void show_rcu_nocb_gp_state(struct rcu_data *rdp)
".W"[swait_active(&rnp->nocb_gp_wq[1])],
".B"[!!rdp->nocb_gp_bypass],
".G"[!!rdp->nocb_gp_gp],
- (long)rdp->nocb_gp_seq,
+ (long)rdp->nocb_gp_seq.norm,
+ (long)rdp->nocb_gp_seq.exp,
rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi, READ_ONCE(rdp->nocb_gp_loops),
rdp->nocb_gp_kthread ? task_state_to_char(rdp->nocb_gp_kthread) : '.',
rdp->nocb_gp_kthread ? (int)task_cpu(rdp->nocb_gp_kthread) : -1,
@@ -1657,6 +1720,10 @@ static void rcu_init_one_nocb(struct rcu_node *rnp)
{
}
+static void rcu_nocb_exp_cleanup(struct rcu_node *rnp)
+{
+}
+
static bool wake_nocb_gp(struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
return false;
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 10/12] rcu: Detect expedited grace period completion in rcu_pending()
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (8 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 09/12] rcu: Wake NOCB rcuog kthreads on expedited grace period completion Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 11/12] rcu: Advance callbacks for expedited GP completion in rcu_core() Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 12/12] rcuscale: Add concurrent expedited GP threads for callback scaling tests Paul E. McKenney
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu
Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Frederic Weisbecker, Paul E . McKenney
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
rcu_pending() decides whether rcu_core() should run on the current CPU's
timer tick. It does not account for expedited grace periods: after an
expedited GP completes, a non-offloaded CPU's callbacks remain in
RCU_WAIT_TAIL (not yet advanced to RCU_DONE_TAIL) and rcu_core() is
never invoked to advance them.
Detect that case via rcu_segcblist_nextgp() combined with a new
memory-ordering-free poll variant,
poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full_unordered(). This keeps rcu_pending()
cheap: it runs on every tick that has pending callbacks, so it must
not pay for the two memory barriers in
poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(). The check is only a hint to run
rcu_core(); the ordered re-check and the actual callback advancement
happen there.
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
1 file changed, 31 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index 251114eb974bca..3541feed95573c 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -3592,6 +3592,24 @@ bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu(unsigned long oldstate)
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(poll_state_synchronize_rcu);
+/*
+ * Racy, memory-ordering-free test of whether the normal or expedited grace
+ * period recorded in *gsp has completed. Callers that need the full
+ * memory-ordering guarantees must use poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full();
+ * this variant is only a hint (e.g. for rcu_pending()) and leaves any
+ * required ordering to a subsequent ordered check.
+ */
+static bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full_unordered(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
+{
+ struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root();
+
+ return gsp->norm == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
+ rcu_seq_done_exact(&rnp->gp_seq, gsp->norm) ||
+ gsp->exp == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
+ (gsp->exp != RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED &&
+ rcu_seq_done_exact(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence, gsp->exp));
+}
+
/**
* poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full - Has the specified RCU grace period completed?
* @gsp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full() or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full()
@@ -3627,14 +3645,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(poll_state_synchronize_rcu);
*/
bool poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(struct rcu_gp_seq *gsp)
{
- struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root();
-
smp_mb(); // Order against root rcu_node structure grace-period cleanup.
- if (gsp->norm == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
- rcu_seq_done_exact(&rnp->gp_seq, gsp->norm) ||
- gsp->exp == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED ||
- (gsp->exp != RCU_GET_STATE_NOT_TRACKED &&
- rcu_seq_done_exact(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence, gsp->exp))) {
+ if (poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full_unordered(gsp)) {
smp_mb(); /* Ensure GP ends before subsequent accesses. */
return true;
}
@@ -3704,6 +3716,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu_full);
static int rcu_pending(int user)
{
bool gp_in_progress;
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gp_state;
struct rcu_data *rdp = this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data);
struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
@@ -3734,6 +3747,17 @@ static int rcu_pending(int user)
rcu_segcblist_ready_cbs(&rdp->cblist))
return 1;
+ /*
+ * Has a GP (normal or expedited) completed for pending callbacks?
+ * This is only a racy hint to decide whether to run rcu_core(); the
+ * ordered re-check and callback advancement happen there, so the
+ * unordered test avoids paying for memory barriers on every tick.
+ */
+ if (!rcu_rdp_is_offloaded(rdp) &&
+ rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &gp_state) &&
+ poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full_unordered(&gp_state))
+ return 1;
+
/* Has RCU gone idle with this CPU needing another grace period? */
if (!gp_in_progress && rcu_segcblist_is_enabled(&rdp->cblist) &&
!rcu_rdp_is_offloaded(rdp) &&
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 11/12] rcu: Advance callbacks for expedited GP completion in rcu_core()
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (9 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 10/12] rcu: Detect expedited grace period completion in rcu_pending() Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 12/12] rcuscale: Add concurrent expedited GP threads for callback scaling tests Paul E. McKenney
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu; +Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Paul E . McKenney
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Even when rcu_pending() triggers rcu_core(), the normal callback
advancement path through note_gp_changes() -> __note_gp_changes() bails
out when rdp->gp_seq == rnp->gp_seq (no normal GP change). Since
expedited GPs do not update rnp->gp_seq, rcu_advance_cbs() is never
called and callbacks remain stuck in RCU_WAIT_TAIL.
Add a direct callback advancement block in rcu_core() that checks for GP
completion via rcu_segcblist_nextgp() combined with
poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(). When detected, trylock rnp and call
rcu_advance_cbs() to move completed callbacks to RCU_DONE_TAIL. Wake the
GP kthread if rcu_advance_cbs() requests a new grace period.
Uses trylock to avoid adding contention on rnp->lock. If the lock is
contended, callbacks will be advanced on the next tick.
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/tree.c | 17 +++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 17 insertions(+)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index 3541feed95573c..f6809ccedfc1b4 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -2885,6 +2885,23 @@ static __latent_entropy void rcu_core(void)
/* Update RCU state based on any recent quiescent states. */
rcu_check_quiescent_state(rdp);
+ /* Advance callbacks if an expedited GP has completed. */
+ if (!rcu_rdp_is_offloaded(rdp) && rcu_segcblist_is_enabled(&rdp->cblist)) {
+ struct rcu_gp_seq gp_state;
+
+ if (rcu_segcblist_nextgp(&rdp->cblist, &gp_state) &&
+ poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(&gp_state)) {
+ guard(irqsave)();
+ if (raw_spin_trylock_rcu_node(rnp)) {
+ bool needwake = rcu_advance_cbs(rnp, rdp);
+
+ raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp);
+ if (needwake)
+ rcu_gp_kthread_wake();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
/* No grace period and unregistered callbacks? */
if (!rcu_gp_in_progress() &&
rcu_segcblist_is_enabled(&rdp->cblist) && !rcu_rdp_is_offloaded(rdp)) {
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread* [PATCH RFC 12/12] rcuscale: Add concurrent expedited GP threads for callback scaling tests
2026-07-31 0:57 [PATCH 0/12] Expediting normal RCU callbacks Paul E. McKenney
` (10 preceding siblings ...)
2026-07-31 0:57 ` [PATCH RFC 11/12] rcu: Advance callbacks for expedited GP completion in rcu_core() Paul E. McKenney
@ 2026-07-31 0:57 ` Paul E. McKenney
11 siblings, 0 replies; 13+ messages in thread
From: Paul E. McKenney @ 2026-07-31 0:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: rcu; +Cc: linux-kernel, kernel-team, rostedt, Puranjay Mohan,
Paul E . McKenney
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Add nexp and exp_interval parameters to rcuscale that spawn kthreads
running synchronize_rcu_expedited() in a loop. This generates concurrent
expedited GP load while the normal writers measure GP or callback
latency.
When combined with gp_async=1 (which uses call_rcu() for writers), this
tests how effectively callbacks benefit from expedited grace periods.
With RCU callback expedited GP tracking, the async callbacks should
complete faster because they piggyback on the expedited GPs rather than
waiting for normal GPs.
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
---
kernel/rcu/rcuscale.c | 84 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
1 file changed, 82 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcuscale.c b/kernel/rcu/rcuscale.c
index ac0b1c6b7dae20..1097ec15879cb3 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcuscale.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcuscale.c
@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, !IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_SCALE_TEST) * 300,
torture_param(int, verbose, 1, "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
torture_param(int, writer_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff (us) between GPs, zero to disable");
torture_param(int, writer_holdoff_jiffies, 0, "Holdoff (jiffies) between GPs, zero to disable");
+torture_param(int, nexp, 0, "Number of expedited GP threads to run concurrently");
+torture_param(int, exp_interval, 0, "Interval (us) between expedited GPs, zero to disable");
torture_param(int, kfree_rcu_test, 0, "Do we run a kfree_rcu() scale test?");
torture_param(int, kfree_mult, 1, "Multiple of kfree_obj size to allocate.");
torture_param(int, kfree_by_call_rcu, 0, "Use call_rcu() to emulate kfree_rcu()?");
@@ -115,8 +117,10 @@ struct writer_freelist {
static int nrealreaders;
static int nrealwriters;
+static int nrealexp;
static struct task_struct **writer_tasks;
static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
+static struct task_struct **exp_tasks;
static u64 **writer_durations;
static bool *writer_done;
@@ -462,6 +466,34 @@ rcu_scale_reader(void *arg)
return 0;
}
+/*
+ * RCU expedited GP kthread. Repeatedly invokes expedited grace periods
+ * to generate concurrent expedited GP load while the normal-GP writers
+ * are being measured. This allows measuring the benefit of callbacks
+ * that can piggyback on expedited grace periods.
+ */
+static int
+rcu_scale_exp(void *arg)
+{
+ long me = (long)arg;
+
+ VERBOSE_SCALEOUT_STRING("rcu_scale_exp task started");
+ set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpumask_of(me % nr_cpu_ids));
+ set_user_nice(current, MIN_NICE);
+
+ if (holdoff)
+ schedule_timeout_idle(holdoff * HZ);
+
+ do {
+ if (exp_interval)
+ udelay(exp_interval);
+ cur_ops->exp_sync();
+ rcu_scale_wait_shutdown();
+ } while (!torture_must_stop());
+ torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_scale_exp");
+ return 0;
+}
+
/*
* Allocate a writer_mblock structure for the specified rcu_scale_writer
* task.
@@ -664,8 +696,10 @@ static void
rcu_scale_print_module_parms(struct rcu_scale_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
{
pr_alert("%s" SCALE_FLAG
- "--- %s: gp_async=%d gp_async_max=%d gp_exp=%d holdoff=%d minruntime=%d nreaders=%d nwriters=%d writer_holdoff=%d writer_holdoff_jiffies=%d verbose=%d shutdown_secs=%d\n",
- scale_type, tag, gp_async, gp_async_max, gp_exp, holdoff, minruntime, nrealreaders, nrealwriters, writer_holdoff, writer_holdoff_jiffies, verbose, shutdown_secs);
+ "--- %s: gp_async=%d gp_async_max=%d gp_exp=%d holdoff=%d minruntime=%d nreaders=%d nwriters=%d nexp=%d exp_interval=%d writer_holdoff=%d writer_holdoff_jiffies=%d verbose=%d shutdown_secs=%d\n",
+ scale_type, tag, gp_async, gp_async_max, gp_exp, holdoff,
+ minruntime, nrealreaders, nrealwriters, nrealexp, exp_interval,
+ writer_holdoff, writer_holdoff_jiffies, verbose, shutdown_secs);
}
/*
@@ -809,6 +843,13 @@ kfree_scale_cleanup(void)
if (torture_cleanup_begin())
return;
+ if (exp_tasks) {
+ for (i = 0; i < nrealexp; i++)
+ torture_stop_kthread(rcu_scale_exp, exp_tasks[i]);
+ kfree(exp_tasks);
+ exp_tasks = NULL;
+ }
+
if (kfree_reader_tasks) {
for (i = 0; i < kfree_nrealthreads; i++)
torture_stop_kthread(kfree_scale_thread,
@@ -903,6 +944,22 @@ kfree_scale_init(void)
goto unwind;
}
+ if (nrealexp > 0 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
+ exp_tasks = kzalloc_objs(exp_tasks[0], nrealexp);
+ if (!exp_tasks) {
+ SCALEOUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
+ firsterr = -ENOMEM;
+ goto unwind;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < nrealexp; i++) {
+ firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_scale_exp,
+ (void *)i,
+ exp_tasks[i]);
+ if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
+ goto unwind;
+ }
+ }
+
while (atomic_read(&n_kfree_scale_thread_started) < kfree_nrealthreads)
schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
@@ -959,6 +1016,13 @@ rcu_scale_cleanup(void)
return;
}
+ if (exp_tasks) {
+ for (i = 0; i < nrealexp; i++)
+ torture_stop_kthread(rcu_scale_exp, exp_tasks[i]);
+ kfree(exp_tasks);
+ exp_tasks = NULL;
+ }
+
if (reader_tasks) {
for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
torture_stop_kthread(rcu_scale_reader,
@@ -1076,6 +1140,7 @@ rcu_scale_init(void)
if (kthread_tp)
kthread_stime = kthread_tp->stime;
}
+ nrealexp = nexp;
if (kfree_rcu_test)
return kfree_scale_init();
@@ -1107,6 +1172,21 @@ rcu_scale_init(void)
}
while (atomic_read(&n_rcu_scale_reader_started) < nrealreaders)
schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+ if (nrealexp > 0 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
+ exp_tasks = kzalloc_objs(exp_tasks[0], nrealexp);
+ if (!exp_tasks) {
+ SCALEOUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
+ firsterr = -ENOMEM;
+ goto unwind;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < nrealexp; i++) {
+ firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_scale_exp,
+ (void *)i,
+ exp_tasks[i]);
+ if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
+ goto unwind;
+ }
+ }
writer_tasks = kzalloc_objs(writer_tasks[0], nrealwriters);
writer_durations = kcalloc(nrealwriters, sizeof(*writer_durations), GFP_KERNEL);
writer_n_durations = kzalloc_objs(*writer_n_durations, nrealwriters);
--
2.40.1
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 13+ messages in thread