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* [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler
@ 2012-10-17 11:42 David Vrabel
  2012-10-17 11:48 ` David Vrabel
                   ` (2 more replies)
  0 siblings, 3 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: David Vrabel @ 2012-10-17 11:42 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: xen-devel; +Cc: stable, Frediano Ziglio, David Vrabel, Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk

From: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>

In 32 bit guests, if a userspace process has %eax == -ERESTARTSYS
(-512) or -ERESTARTNOINTR (-513) when it is interrupted by an event
/and/ the process has a pending signal then %eip (and %eax) are
corrupted when returning to the main process after handling the
signal.  The application may then crash with SIGSEGV or a SIGILL or it
may have subtly incorrect behaviour (depending on what instruction it
returned to).

The occurs because handle_signal() is incorrectly thinking that there
is a system call that needs to restarted so it adjusts %eip and %eax
to re-execute the system call instruction (even though user space had
not done a system call).

If %eax == -514 (-ERESTARTNOHAND (-514) or -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK
(-516) then handle_signal() only corrupted %eax (by setting it to
-EINTR).  This may cause the application to crash or have incorrect
behaviour.

handle_signal() assumes that regs->orig_ax >= 0 means a system call so
any kernel entry point that is not for a system call must push a
negative value for orig_ax.  For example, for physical interrupts on
bare metal the inverse of the vector is pushed and page_fault() sets
regs->orig_ax to -1, overwriting the hardware provided error code.

xen_hypervisor_callback() was incorrectly pushing 0 for orig_ax
instead of -1.  For consistency, we also change
xen_failsafe_callback().

Classic Xen kernels pushed %eax which works as %eax cannot be both
non-negative and -RESTARTSYS (etc.), but using -1 avoids the
additional tests in handle_signal().

Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
---
 arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S |    4 ++--
 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
index 2c63407..6a19e66 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
@@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ ENTRY(xen_sysenter_target)
 
 ENTRY(xen_hypervisor_callback)
 	CFI_STARTPROC
-	pushl_cfi $0
+	pushl_cfi $-1 /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
 	SAVE_ALL
 	TRACE_IRQS_OFF
 
@@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ ENDPROC(xen_hypervisor_callback)
 # We distinguish between categories by maintaining a status value in EAX.
 ENTRY(xen_failsafe_callback)
 	CFI_STARTPROC
-	pushl_cfi %eax
+	pushl_cfi $-1  /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
 	movl $1,%eax
 1:	mov 4(%esp),%ds
 2:	mov 8(%esp),%es
-- 
1.7.2.5

^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler
  2012-10-17 11:42 [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler David Vrabel
@ 2012-10-17 11:48 ` David Vrabel
  2012-10-17 11:52 ` Ian Campbell
  2012-10-17 12:07 ` Jan Beulich
  2 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: David Vrabel @ 2012-10-17 11:48 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: David Vrabel
  Cc: Frediano Ziglio, Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk, stable@kernel.org,
	xen-devel@lists.xen.org

On 17/10/12 12:42, David Vrabel wrote:
> From: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
> 
> In 32 bit guests, if a userspace process has %eax == -ERESTARTSYS
> (-512) or -ERESTARTNOINTR (-513) when it is interrupted by an event
> /and/ the process has a pending signal then %eip (and %eax) are
> corrupted when returning to the main process after handling the
> signal.  The application may then crash with SIGSEGV or a SIGILL or it
> may have subtly incorrect behaviour (depending on what instruction it
> returned to).

The following test program shows the bug.  It will receive the signal
when in the infinite loop and return to the preceeding int 3 instruction.

Big thanks to Frediano for producing the test program and the majority
of the effort in tracking down this bug.

David

8<--------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

static void handler(int sig)
{
	static unsigned count = 0;
	if (++count == 60 * 1000)
		exit(0);
}

int main(void)
{
	struct sigaction act;

	// set signal
	sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
	act.sa_flags = 0;
	act.sa_handler = handler;

	int err = sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, NULL);
	assert(!err);

	// set timer
	struct itimerval ival = { { 0, 1000 }, { 0, 1000 } };
	err = setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &ival, NULL);
	assert(!err);

#if !defined(__x86_64__) && !defined(__i386__)
# error This code work only on Intel architecture!
#endif

	// wait for a core !!
	asm(
#ifdef __x86_64__
"	mov	$-513, %rax\n"
#else
"	mov	$-513, %eax\n"
#endif
"	jmp	infinite\n"
"	int	$3\n"
"	int	$3\n"
"	int	$3\n"
"	int	$3\n"
"infinite:\n"
"	jmp	infinite\n"
);

	return 0;
}

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler
  2012-10-17 11:42 [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler David Vrabel
  2012-10-17 11:48 ` David Vrabel
@ 2012-10-17 11:52 ` Ian Campbell
  2012-10-17 12:07 ` Jan Beulich
  2 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: Ian Campbell @ 2012-10-17 11:52 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: David Vrabel
  Cc: Frediano Ziglio, Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk, stable@kernel.org,
	xen-devel@lists.xen.org

On Wed, 2012-10-17 at 12:42 +0100, David Vrabel wrote:
> From: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
> 
> In 32 bit guests, if a userspace process has %eax == -ERESTARTSYS
> (-512) or -ERESTARTNOINTR (-513) when it is interrupted by an event
> /and/ the process has a pending signal then %eip (and %eax) are
> corrupted when returning to the main process after handling the
> signal.  The application may then crash with SIGSEGV or a SIGILL or it
> may have subtly incorrect behaviour (depending on what instruction it
> returned to).
> 
> The occurs because handle_signal() is incorrectly thinking that there
> is a system call that needs to restarted so it adjusts %eip and %eax
> to re-execute the system call instruction (even though user space had
> not done a system call).
> 
> If %eax == -514 (-ERESTARTNOHAND (-514) or -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK
> (-516) then handle_signal() only corrupted %eax (by setting it to
> -EINTR).  This may cause the application to crash or have incorrect
> behaviour.
> 
> handle_signal() assumes that regs->orig_ax >= 0 means a system call so
> any kernel entry point that is not for a system call must push a
> negative value for orig_ax.  For example, for physical interrupts on
> bare metal the inverse of the vector is pushed and page_fault() sets
> regs->orig_ax to -1, overwriting the hardware provided error code.
> 
> xen_hypervisor_callback() was incorrectly pushing 0 for orig_ax
> instead of -1.  For consistency, we also change
> xen_failsafe_callback().
> 
> Classic Xen kernels pushed %eax which works as %eax cannot be both
> non-negative and -RESTARTSYS (etc.), but using -1 avoids the
> additional tests in handle_signal().
> 
> Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>

Acked-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>

> Cc: stable@kernel.org
> ---
>  arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S |    4 ++--
>  1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
> index 2c63407..6a19e66 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
> @@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ ENTRY(xen_sysenter_target)
>  
>  ENTRY(xen_hypervisor_callback)
>  	CFI_STARTPROC
> -	pushl_cfi $0
> +	pushl_cfi $-1 /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
>  	SAVE_ALL
>  	TRACE_IRQS_OFF
>  
> @@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ ENDPROC(xen_hypervisor_callback)
>  # We distinguish between categories by maintaining a status value in EAX.
>  ENTRY(xen_failsafe_callback)
>  	CFI_STARTPROC
> -	pushl_cfi %eax
> +	pushl_cfi $-1  /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
>  	movl $1,%eax
>  1:	mov 4(%esp),%ds
>  2:	mov 8(%esp),%es

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler
  2012-10-17 11:42 [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler David Vrabel
  2012-10-17 11:48 ` David Vrabel
  2012-10-17 11:52 ` Ian Campbell
@ 2012-10-17 12:07 ` Jan Beulich
  2012-10-17 12:19   ` David Vrabel
  2 siblings, 1 reply; 6+ messages in thread
From: Jan Beulich @ 2012-10-17 12:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: David Vrabel; +Cc: Frediano Ziglio, Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk, stable, xen-devel

>>> On 17.10.12 at 13:42, David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> wrote:
> From: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
> 
> In 32 bit guests, if a userspace process has %eax == -ERESTARTSYS
> (-512) or -ERESTARTNOINTR (-513) when it is interrupted by an event
> /and/ the process has a pending signal then %eip (and %eax) are
> corrupted when returning to the main process after handling the
> signal.  The application may then crash with SIGSEGV or a SIGILL or it
> may have subtly incorrect behaviour (depending on what instruction it
> returned to).
> 
> The occurs because handle_signal() is incorrectly thinking that there
> is a system call that needs to restarted so it adjusts %eip and %eax
> to re-execute the system call instruction (even though user space had
> not done a system call).
> 
> If %eax == -514 (-ERESTARTNOHAND (-514) or -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK
> (-516) then handle_signal() only corrupted %eax (by setting it to
> -EINTR).  This may cause the application to crash or have incorrect
> behaviour.
> 
> handle_signal() assumes that regs->orig_ax >= 0 means a system call so
> any kernel entry point that is not for a system call must push a
> negative value for orig_ax.  For example, for physical interrupts on
> bare metal the inverse of the vector is pushed and page_fault() sets
> regs->orig_ax to -1, overwriting the hardware provided error code.
> 
> xen_hypervisor_callback() was incorrectly pushing 0 for orig_ax
> instead of -1.  For consistency, we also change
> xen_failsafe_callback().

Is this really just for consistency? There is a way for the failsafe
callback to continue to ret_from_exception, and I would think that
the same situation could arise there (and for the x86-64 case too).

Jan

> Classic Xen kernels pushed %eax which works as %eax cannot be both
> non-negative and -RESTARTSYS (etc.), but using -1 avoids the
> additional tests in handle_signal().
> 
> Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
> Cc: stable@kernel.org 
> ---
>  arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S |    4 ++--
>  1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
> index 2c63407..6a19e66 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
> @@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ ENTRY(xen_sysenter_target)
>  
>  ENTRY(xen_hypervisor_callback)
>  	CFI_STARTPROC
> -	pushl_cfi $0
> +	pushl_cfi $-1 /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
>  	SAVE_ALL
>  	TRACE_IRQS_OFF
>  
> @@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ ENDPROC(xen_hypervisor_callback)
>  # We distinguish between categories by maintaining a status value in EAX.
>  ENTRY(xen_failsafe_callback)
>  	CFI_STARTPROC
> -	pushl_cfi %eax
> +	pushl_cfi $-1  /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
>  	movl $1,%eax
>  1:	mov 4(%esp),%ds
>  2:	mov 8(%esp),%es
> -- 
> 1.7.2.5
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Xen-devel mailing list
> Xen-devel@lists.xen.org 
> http://lists.xen.org/xen-devel 

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler
  2012-10-17 12:07 ` Jan Beulich
@ 2012-10-17 12:19   ` David Vrabel
  2012-10-17 12:28     ` Jan Beulich
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 6+ messages in thread
From: David Vrabel @ 2012-10-17 12:19 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Jan Beulich
  Cc: Frediano Ziglio, Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk, xen-devel@lists.xen.org

On 17/10/12 13:07, Jan Beulich wrote:
>>>> On 17.10.12 at 13:42, David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> wrote:
>> From: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
>>
>> In 32 bit guests, if a userspace process has %eax == -ERESTARTSYS
>> (-512) or -ERESTARTNOINTR (-513) when it is interrupted by an event
>> /and/ the process has a pending signal then %eip (and %eax) are
>> corrupted when returning to the main process after handling the
>> signal.  The application may then crash with SIGSEGV or a SIGILL or it
>> may have subtly incorrect behaviour (depending on what instruction it
>> returned to).
>>
>> The occurs because handle_signal() is incorrectly thinking that there
>> is a system call that needs to restarted so it adjusts %eip and %eax
>> to re-execute the system call instruction (even though user space had
>> not done a system call).
>>
>> If %eax == -514 (-ERESTARTNOHAND (-514) or -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK
>> (-516) then handle_signal() only corrupted %eax (by setting it to
>> -EINTR).  This may cause the application to crash or have incorrect
>> behaviour.
>>
>> handle_signal() assumes that regs->orig_ax >= 0 means a system call so
>> any kernel entry point that is not for a system call must push a
>> negative value for orig_ax.  For example, for physical interrupts on
>> bare metal the inverse of the vector is pushed and page_fault() sets
>> regs->orig_ax to -1, overwriting the hardware provided error code.
>>
>> xen_hypervisor_callback() was incorrectly pushing 0 for orig_ax
>> instead of -1.  For consistency, we also change
>> xen_failsafe_callback().
> 
> Is this really just for consistency? There is a way for the failsafe
> callback to continue to ret_from_exception, and I would think that
> the same situation could arise there (and for the x86-64 case too).

The 32-bit xen_failsafe_callback was using %eax for orig_ax which is
safe (see comment on classic kernel behaviour below).

We couldn't repro the issue in 64-bit guests and looking at entry_64.S
xen_hypervisor_callback is correct (see the zeroentry macro).

I must admit to not really being able to follow what
xen_failsafe_callback is doing, but it does look like that last pushq
before the SAVE_ALL should be pushq_cfi $-1 as well.  Do you agree?

David

>> Classic Xen kernels pushed %eax which works as %eax cannot be both
>> non-negative and -RESTARTSYS (etc.), but using -1 avoids the
>> additional tests in handle_signal().
>>
>> Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
>> Cc: stable@kernel.org 
>> ---
>>  arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S |    4 ++--
>>  1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
>> index 2c63407..6a19e66 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
>> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
>> @@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ ENTRY(xen_sysenter_target)
>>  
>>  ENTRY(xen_hypervisor_callback)
>>  	CFI_STARTPROC
>> -	pushl_cfi $0
>> +	pushl_cfi $-1 /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
>>  	SAVE_ALL
>>  	TRACE_IRQS_OFF
>>  
>> @@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ ENDPROC(xen_hypervisor_callback)
>>  # We distinguish between categories by maintaining a status value in EAX.
>>  ENTRY(xen_failsafe_callback)
>>  	CFI_STARTPROC
>> -	pushl_cfi %eax
>> +	pushl_cfi $-1  /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
>>  	movl $1,%eax
>>  1:	mov 4(%esp),%ds
>>  2:	mov 8(%esp),%es
>> -- 
>> 1.7.2.5
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Xen-devel mailing list
>> Xen-devel@lists.xen.org 
>> http://lists.xen.org/xen-devel 
> 
> 
> 

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler
  2012-10-17 12:19   ` David Vrabel
@ 2012-10-17 12:28     ` Jan Beulich
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: Jan Beulich @ 2012-10-17 12:28 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: David Vrabel
  Cc: Frediano Ziglio, Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk, xen-devel@lists.xen.org

>>> On 17.10.12 at 14:19, David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> wrote:
> On 17/10/12 13:07, Jan Beulich wrote:
>>>>> On 17.10.12 at 13:42, David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> wrote:
>>> From: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
>>>
>>> In 32 bit guests, if a userspace process has %eax == -ERESTARTSYS
>>> (-512) or -ERESTARTNOINTR (-513) when it is interrupted by an event
>>> /and/ the process has a pending signal then %eip (and %eax) are
>>> corrupted when returning to the main process after handling the
>>> signal.  The application may then crash with SIGSEGV or a SIGILL or it
>>> may have subtly incorrect behaviour (depending on what instruction it
>>> returned to).
>>>
>>> The occurs because handle_signal() is incorrectly thinking that there
>>> is a system call that needs to restarted so it adjusts %eip and %eax
>>> to re-execute the system call instruction (even though user space had
>>> not done a system call).
>>>
>>> If %eax == -514 (-ERESTARTNOHAND (-514) or -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK
>>> (-516) then handle_signal() only corrupted %eax (by setting it to
>>> -EINTR).  This may cause the application to crash or have incorrect
>>> behaviour.
>>>
>>> handle_signal() assumes that regs->orig_ax >= 0 means a system call so
>>> any kernel entry point that is not for a system call must push a
>>> negative value for orig_ax.  For example, for physical interrupts on
>>> bare metal the inverse of the vector is pushed and page_fault() sets
>>> regs->orig_ax to -1, overwriting the hardware provided error code.
>>>
>>> xen_hypervisor_callback() was incorrectly pushing 0 for orig_ax
>>> instead of -1.  For consistency, we also change
>>> xen_failsafe_callback().
>> 
>> Is this really just for consistency? There is a way for the failsafe
>> callback to continue to ret_from_exception, and I would think that
>> the same situation could arise there (and for the x86-64 case too).
> 
> The 32-bit xen_failsafe_callback was using %eax for orig_ax which is
> safe (see comment on classic kernel behaviour below).

Ah, yes, I didn't spot that %eax was used there instead of 0
(and other than inn the classic Xen kernel, which I will want to
fix too).

> We couldn't repro the issue in 64-bit guests and looking at entry_64.S
> xen_hypervisor_callback is correct (see the zeroentry macro).

Yes, the normal callback path isn't affected there.

> I must admit to not really being able to follow what
> xen_failsafe_callback is doing, but it does look like that last pushq
> before the SAVE_ALL should be pushq_cfi $-1 as well.  Do you agree?

That's what I was trying to hint at. Feel free to put my ack on
the patch if you re-submit with that adjustment (and ideally the
commit message adjusted too).

Jan

>>> Classic Xen kernels pushed %eax which works as %eax cannot be both
>>> non-negative and -RESTARTSYS (etc.), but using -1 avoids the
>>> additional tests in handle_signal().
>>>
>>> Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
>>> Cc: stable@kernel.org 
>>> ---
>>>  arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S |    4 ++--
>>>  1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>>>
>>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
>>> index 2c63407..6a19e66 100644
>>> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
>>> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
>>> @@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ ENTRY(xen_sysenter_target)
>>>  
>>>  ENTRY(xen_hypervisor_callback)
>>>  	CFI_STARTPROC
>>> -	pushl_cfi $0
>>> +	pushl_cfi $-1 /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
>>>  	SAVE_ALL
>>>  	TRACE_IRQS_OFF
>>>  
>>> @@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ ENDPROC(xen_hypervisor_callback)
>>>  # We distinguish between categories by maintaining a status value in EAX.
>>>  ENTRY(xen_failsafe_callback)
>>>  	CFI_STARTPROC
>>> -	pushl_cfi %eax
>>> +	pushl_cfi $-1  /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
>>>  	movl $1,%eax
>>>  1:	mov 4(%esp),%ds
>>>  2:	mov 8(%esp),%es
>>> -- 
>>> 1.7.2.5
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Xen-devel mailing list
>>> Xen-devel@lists.xen.org 
>>> http://lists.xen.org/xen-devel 
>> 
>> 
>> 

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread

end of thread, other threads:[~2012-10-17 12:28 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 6+ messages (download: mbox.gz follow: Atom feed
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2012-10-17 11:42 [PATCH] xen/x86: don't corrupt %eip when returning from a signal handler David Vrabel
2012-10-17 11:48 ` David Vrabel
2012-10-17 11:52 ` Ian Campbell
2012-10-17 12:07 ` Jan Beulich
2012-10-17 12:19   ` David Vrabel
2012-10-17 12:28     ` Jan Beulich

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