[PATCH] kbuild: depmod: fallback to /boot/System.map-KERNELRELEASE

[PATCH] kbuild: depmod: fallback to /boot/System.map-KERNELRELEASE

[Adrián García Casado]

When installing external modules (M=...) against packaged kernel headers
such as linux-headers built via 'make bindeb-pkg', ${objtree}/System.map
is absent because System.map is located in:
/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}

Currently, scripts/depmod.sh only checks ${objtree}/System.map and skips
running depmod with a warning, leaving newly installed out-of-tree
modules unindexed in modules.dep.

Fall back to ${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE} when
${objtree}/System.map is not readable so that depmod runs properly
during external module installation.

Signed-off-by: Adrián García Casado <adriangarciacasado42@gmail.com>
---
 scripts/depmod.sh | 13 +++++++++----
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/scripts/depmod.sh b/scripts/depmod.sh
index 3c34fecac..d6d1b9547 100755
--- a/scripts/depmod.sh
+++ b/scripts/depmod.sh
@@ -12,9 +12,14 @@ KERNELRELEASE=$1
 
 : ${DEPMOD:=depmod}
 
-if ! test -r "${objtree}/System.map" ; then
-	echo "Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod." >&2
-	exit 0
+system_map="${objtree}/System.map"
+if ! test -r "${system_map}" ; then
+	if test -r "${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}" ; then
+		system_map="${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}"
+	else
+		echo "Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod." >&2
+		exit 0
+	fi
 fi
 
 # legacy behavior: "depmod" in /sbin, no /sbin in PATH
@@ -25,7 +30,7 @@ if [ -z $(command -v $DEPMOD) ]; then
 	exit 0
 fi
 
-set -- -ae -F "${objtree}/System.map"
+set -- -ae -F "${system_map}"
 if test -n "$INSTALL_MOD_PATH"; then
 	set -- "$@" -b "$INSTALL_MOD_PATH"
 fi
-- 
2.39.5

Re: [PATCH] kbuild: depmod: fallback to /boot/System.map-KERNELRELEASE

[Adrián García Casado]

Verified on Debian 12 (x86_64) with Linux 7.3.0-rc7 packaged via
'make bindeb-pkg' while installing out-of-tree VirtualBox modules
(vboxdrv, vboxnetflt, vboxnetadp).

Before this patch:
  INSTALL /lib/modules/7.3.0-rc7/misc/vboxdrv.ko
  DEPMOD  /lib/modules/7.3.0-rc7
  Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod.

With this patch applied to scripts/depmod.sh:
  INSTALL /lib/modules/7.3.0-rc7/misc/vboxdrv.ko
  DEPMOD  /lib/modules/7.3.0-rc7
  (completes with 0 warnings)

And modules.dep is properly populated:
  $ grep vbox /lib/modules/7.3.0-rc7/modules.dep
  misc/vboxnetflt.ko: misc/vboxdrv.ko
  misc/vboxnetadp.ko: misc/vboxdrv.ko
  misc/vboxdrv.ko:

Tested-by: Adrián García Casado <adriangarciacasado42@gmail.com>

Re: [PATCH] kbuild: depmod: fallback to /boot/System.map-KERNELRELEASE

[Nicolas Schier]

On Fri, Oct 16, 2026 at 01:11:06PM +0200, Adrián García Casado wrote:
> When installing external modules (M=...) against packaged kernel headers
> such as linux-headers built via 'make bindeb-pkg', ${objtree}/System.map
> is absent because System.map is located in:
> /boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}
> 
> Currently, scripts/depmod.sh only checks ${objtree}/System.map and skips
> running depmod with a warning, leaving newly installed out-of-tree
> modules unindexed in modules.dep.
> 
> Fall back to ${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE} when
> ${objtree}/System.map is not readable so that depmod runs properly
> during external module installation.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Adrián García Casado <adriangarciacasado42@gmail.com>
> ---
>  scripts/depmod.sh | 13 +++++++++----
>  1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/scripts/depmod.sh b/scripts/depmod.sh
> index 3c34fecac..d6d1b9547 100755
> --- a/scripts/depmod.sh
> +++ b/scripts/depmod.sh
> @@ -12,9 +12,14 @@ KERNELRELEASE=$1
>  
>  : ${DEPMOD:=depmod}
>  
> -if ! test -r "${objtree}/System.map" ; then
> -	echo "Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod." >&2
> -	exit 0
> +system_map="${objtree}/System.map"
> +if ! test -r "${system_map}" ; then
> +	if test -r "${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}" ; then
> +		system_map="${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}"
> +	else
> +		echo "Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod." >&2
> +		exit 0
> +	fi
>  fi
>  
>  # legacy behavior: "depmod" in /sbin, no /sbin in PATH
> @@ -25,7 +30,7 @@ if [ -z $(command -v $DEPMOD) ]; then
>  	exit 0
>  fi
>  
> -set -- -ae -F "${objtree}/System.map"
> +set -- -ae -F "${system_map}"
>  if test -n "$INSTALL_MOD_PATH"; then
>  	set -- "$@" -b "$INSTALL_MOD_PATH"
>  fi
> -- 
> 2.39.5
> 

Thanks for report and patch.

For the record, this is what I can find in Debian's Linux packages:

Debian puts a dummy System.map to /lib/modules/$(KERNELVER)/System.map 
(linux-image-$(KVER)-$(DEBVER)-$(ARCH).deb) and the real System.map is 
only available in linux-image-$(KVER)-$(DEBVER)-$(ARCH)-dbg package 
at /usr/lib/debug/lib/modules/$(KVER)-$(ARCH)/System.map.

So, do we need a valid System.map for out-of-tree modules?

At a first glance, you patch looks good to me.  But lets way some days 
for other feedback.

Kind regards,
Nicolas

Re: [PATCH] kbuild: depmod: fallback to /boot/System.map-KERNELRELEASE

[Nathan Chancellor]

On 2026-10-16 16:22 +0200, Nicolas Schier wrote:
> On Fri, Oct 16, 2026 at 01:11:06PM +0200, Adrián García Casado wrote:
> > When installing external modules (M=...) against packaged kernel headers
> > such as linux-headers built via 'make bindeb-pkg', ${objtree}/System.map
> > is absent because System.map is located in:
> > /boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}
> > 
> > Currently, scripts/depmod.sh only checks ${objtree}/System.map and skips
> > running depmod with a warning, leaving newly installed out-of-tree
> > modules unindexed in modules.dep.
> > 
> > Fall back to ${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE} when
> > ${objtree}/System.map is not readable so that depmod runs properly
> > during external module installation.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Adrián García Casado <adriangarciacasado42@gmail.com>
> > ---
> >  scripts/depmod.sh | 13 +++++++++----
> >  1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/scripts/depmod.sh b/scripts/depmod.sh
> > index 3c34fecac..d6d1b9547 100755
> > --- a/scripts/depmod.sh
> > +++ b/scripts/depmod.sh
> > @@ -12,9 +12,14 @@ KERNELRELEASE=$1
> >  
> >  : ${DEPMOD:=depmod}
> >  
> > -if ! test -r "${objtree}/System.map" ; then
> > -	echo "Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod." >&2
> > -	exit 0
> > +system_map="${objtree}/System.map"
> > +if ! test -r "${system_map}" ; then
> > +	if test -r "${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}" ; then
> > +		system_map="${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}"
> > +	else
> > +		echo "Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod." >&2
> > +		exit 0
> > +	fi
> >  fi
> >  
> >  # legacy behavior: "depmod" in /sbin, no /sbin in PATH
> > @@ -25,7 +30,7 @@ if [ -z $(command -v $DEPMOD) ]; then
> >  	exit 0
> >  fi
> >  
> > -set -- -ae -F "${objtree}/System.map"
> > +set -- -ae -F "${system_map}"
> >  if test -n "$INSTALL_MOD_PATH"; then
> >  	set -- "$@" -b "$INSTALL_MOD_PATH"
> >  fi
> > -- 
> > 2.39.5
> > 
> 
> Thanks for report and patch.
> 
> For the record, this is what I can find in Debian's Linux packages:
> 
> Debian puts a dummy System.map to /lib/modules/$(KERNELVER)/System.map 
> (linux-image-$(KVER)-$(DEBVER)-$(ARCH).deb) and the real System.map is 
> only available in linux-image-$(KVER)-$(DEBVER)-$(ARCH)-dbg package 
> at /usr/lib/debug/lib/modules/$(KVER)-$(ARCH)/System.map.
> 
> So, do we need a valid System.map for out-of-tree modules?

Yeah, how does this work for the main Debian packages? Do they just not
expecte modules.dep to be generated for external modules if System.map
is not in a standard location? Or maybe nobody cares?

> At a first glance, you patch looks good to me.  But lets way some days 
> for other feedback.

I don't have a particular opinion on this patch other than maybe this is
being patched in the wrong place? Perhaps we should be fixing this in
scripts/package/install-extmod-build? scripts/package/PKGBUILD copies
System.map to its external module build folder already.
scripts/package/kernel.spec copies it to /lib/modules/<rel>, not
/lib/modules/<rel>/build. Unifying those in in install-extmod-build
would avoid having to change it here (since /boot/System.map-<rel> seems
like a Debian-ism that we are hard coding here). I trust your judgement
though.

-- 
Cheers,
Nathan

Re: [PATCH] kbuild: depmod: fallback to /boot/System.map-KERNELRELEASE

[Nicolas Schier]

On Thu, Nov 05, 2026 at 04:09:42PM -0700, Nathan Chancellor wrote:
> On 2026-10-16 16:22 +0200, Nicolas Schier wrote:
> > On Fri, Oct 16, 2026 at 01:11:06PM +0200, Adrián García Casado wrote:
> > > When installing external modules (M=...) against packaged kernel headers
> > > such as linux-headers built via 'make bindeb-pkg', ${objtree}/System.map
> > > is absent because System.map is located in:
> > > /boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}
> > > 
> > > Currently, scripts/depmod.sh only checks ${objtree}/System.map and skips
> > > running depmod with a warning, leaving newly installed out-of-tree
> > > modules unindexed in modules.dep.
> > > 
> > > Fall back to ${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE} when
> > > ${objtree}/System.map is not readable so that depmod runs properly
> > > during external module installation.
> > > 
> > > Signed-off-by: Adrián García Casado <adriangarciacasado42@gmail.com>
> > > ---
> > >  scripts/depmod.sh | 13 +++++++++----
> > >  1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> > > 
> > > diff --git a/scripts/depmod.sh b/scripts/depmod.sh
> > > index 3c34fecac..d6d1b9547 100755
> > > --- a/scripts/depmod.sh
> > > +++ b/scripts/depmod.sh
> > > @@ -12,9 +12,14 @@ KERNELRELEASE=$1
> > >  
> > >  : ${DEPMOD:=depmod}
> > >  
> > > -if ! test -r "${objtree}/System.map" ; then
> > > -	echo "Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod." >&2
> > > -	exit 0
> > > +system_map="${objtree}/System.map"
> > > +if ! test -r "${system_map}" ; then
> > > +	if test -r "${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}" ; then
> > > +		system_map="${INSTALL_MOD_PATH}/boot/System.map-${KERNELRELEASE}"
> > > +	else
> > > +		echo "Warning: modules_install: missing 'System.map' file. Skipping depmod." >&2
> > > +		exit 0
> > > +	fi
> > >  fi
> > >  
> > >  # legacy behavior: "depmod" in /sbin, no /sbin in PATH
> > > @@ -25,7 +30,7 @@ if [ -z $(command -v $DEPMOD) ]; then
> > >  	exit 0
> > >  fi
> > >  
> > > -set -- -ae -F "${objtree}/System.map"
> > > +set -- -ae -F "${system_map}"
> > >  if test -n "$INSTALL_MOD_PATH"; then
> > >  	set -- "$@" -b "$INSTALL_MOD_PATH"
> > >  fi
> > > -- 
> > > 2.39.5
> > > 
> > 
> > Thanks for report and patch.
> > 
> > For the record, this is what I can find in Debian's Linux packages:
> > 
> > Debian puts a dummy System.map to /lib/modules/$(KERNELVER)/System.map 
> > (linux-image-$(KVER)-$(DEBVER)-$(ARCH).deb) and the real System.map is 
> > only available in linux-image-$(KVER)-$(DEBVER)-$(ARCH)-dbg package 
> > at /usr/lib/debug/lib/modules/$(KVER)-$(ARCH)/System.map.
> > 
> > So, do we need a valid System.map for out-of-tree modules?
> 
> Yeah, how does this work for the main Debian packages? Do they just not
> expecte modules.dep to be generated for external modules if System.map
> is not in a standard location? Or maybe nobody cares?

Supplying '-F ../path/to/System.map -e' to depmod enables checking all
installed modules for unresolved symbols.  The in-tree scripts/depmod.sh
wrapper script always adds '-e -F ${objtree}/System.map', or fails if
System.map is not there (cp. report above).  Debian installs a dummy
/boot/System.map-${KVER}, but that will not be used automatically by
anything (as far as I can see).

Thus, AFAIK System.map is required only for checking against unresolved
symbols in the just installed kernel modules, whether they are built
in-tree or out-of-tree.

> > At a first glance, you patch looks good to me.  But lets way some days 
> > for other feedback.
> 
> I don't have a particular opinion on this patch other than maybe this is
> being patched in the wrong place? Perhaps we should be fixing this in
> scripts/package/install-extmod-build? scripts/package/PKGBUILD copies
> System.map to its external module build folder already.
> scripts/package/kernel.spec copies it to /lib/modules/<rel>, not
> /lib/modules/<rel>/build. Unifying those in in install-extmod-build
> would avoid having to change it here (since /boot/System.map-<rel> seems
> like a Debian-ism that we are hard coding here). I trust your judgement
> though.

Yeah, I think you're right: we should fix in install-extmod-build and
unify the install for all packaging targets by putting System.map to the
build directory, as that's where scripts/depmod.sh expects to find it.

I am preparing a patch for that.

Thanks!


-- 
Nicolas