[PATCH v10 0/9] memory: Remove most _nomigrate variants

[PATCH v10 0/9] memory: Remove most _nomigrate variants

[BALATON Zoltan]

v10:
- remove #include in patch 4 (xtfpga) not needed any more
- add one more patch to factor out more common code
- added R-b tags

v9:
- call qemu_ram_alloc after memory_region_init (Akihiko)
- add R-b tag to xtfpga patch

v8:
- reorganise patches to move simpler ones earlier
- drop error_propagate as suggested by Akihiko Odaki to follow current
  recommendations and so we don't need local err and don't have to
  pass errp to helper function

v7:
- convert xtfpga from global vmstate; this leaves just the vga usage
  of memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate so the >1 use is not anymore an
  argument therefore remove memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate too
- drop memory_region_error_propagate() until we can agree on what to
  do with it

v6:
- keep the last two uses of memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate in vga and xtfpga for now
- added R-b tags

v5:
- convert Sun machines and their display devices from global vmstate

v4:
- separate patch converting Sun machines from memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate
- split helper to init ram into two functions: setup and error_propagate
- also use memory_region_init_io in memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr

v3:
- rebased on master after some patches were merged
- drop some more line from memory-region-housekeeping.cocci
- added comment to explain what factored out helper does
- some more clean ups included

BALATON Zoltan (9):
  hw/display/{cg3.tcx}: Do not use memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate()
  memory: Remove memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate()
  sun4m,sun4u,tcx: Do not use memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
  hw/xtensa/xtfpga:  Do not use memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
  memory: Remove memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
  memory: Shorten memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr and
    memory_region_init_rom_device
  memory: Add internal memory_region_register_ram function
  memory: Factor out common ram region initialization
  memory: Factor out common ram ptr initialization

 docs/devel/memory.rst                         |   9 +-
 hw/display/cg3.c                              |   5 +-
 hw/display/tcx.c                              |   8 +-
 hw/display/vga.c                              |   4 +-
 hw/sparc/sun4m.c                              |  19 +-
 hw/sparc64/sun4u.c                            |  10 +-
 hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c                            |   4 +-
 include/system/memory.h                       |  49 ---
 .../memory-region-housekeeping.cocci          |  47 ---
 system/memory.c                               | 282 ++++++------------
 10 files changed, 108 insertions(+), 329 deletions(-)

-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 1/9] hw/display/{cg3.tcx}: Do not use memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate()

[BALATON Zoltan]

Use memory_region_init_rom() instead which is what other devices do.
This breaks migration but these devices are only used by sparc Sun
machines which have no migration compatibility guarantee.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <odaki@rsg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
---
 hw/display/cg3.c | 5 ++---
 hw/display/tcx.c | 5 ++---
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/display/cg3.c b/hw/display/cg3.c
index 568d6048a6..61bdb0552e 100644
--- a/hw/display/cg3.c
+++ b/hw/display/cg3.c
@@ -282,8 +282,8 @@ static void cg3_initfn(Object *obj)
     SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
     CG3State *s = CG3(obj);
 
-    memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(&s->rom, obj, "cg3.prom",
-                                     FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE, &error_fatal);
+    memory_region_init_rom(&s->rom, obj, "cg3.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE,
+                           &error_fatal);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
 
     memory_region_init_io(&s->reg, obj, &cg3_reg_ops, s, "cg3.reg",
@@ -299,7 +299,6 @@ static void cg3_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     char *fcode_filename;
 
     /* FCode ROM */
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->rom);
     fcode_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, CG3_ROM_FILE);
     if (fcode_filename) {
         ret = load_image_mr(fcode_filename, &s->rom);
diff --git a/hw/display/tcx.c b/hw/display/tcx.c
index 36cad82abd..16114b9bb8 100644
--- a/hw/display/tcx.c
+++ b/hw/display/tcx.c
@@ -756,8 +756,8 @@ static void tcx_initfn(Object *obj)
     SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
     TCXState *s = TCX(obj);
 
-    memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(&s->rom, obj, "tcx.prom",
-                                     FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE, &error_fatal);
+    memory_region_init_rom(&s->rom, obj, "tcx.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE,
+                           &error_fatal);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
 
     /* 2/STIP : Stippler */
@@ -822,7 +822,6 @@ static void tcx_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     vram_base = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram_mem);
 
     /* 10/ROM : FCode ROM */
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->rom);
     fcode_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, TCX_ROM_FILE);
     if (fcode_filename) {
         ret = load_image_mr(fcode_filename, &s->rom);
-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 2/9] memory: Remove memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate()

[BALATON Zoltan]

All users were converted so no longer needed.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
---
 docs/devel/memory.rst                         |  1 -
 include/system/memory.h                       | 26 -----------------
 .../memory-region-housekeeping.cocci          | 28 -------------------
 system/memory.c                               | 19 ++-----------
 4 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/devel/memory.rst b/docs/devel/memory.rst
index 8558f70a42..0bb5acab21 100644
--- a/docs/devel/memory.rst
+++ b/docs/devel/memory.rst
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ have a special case where you need to manage the migration of
 the backing memory yourself, you can call the functions:
 
 - memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
-- memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate()
 
 which only initialize the MemoryRegion and leave handling
 migration to the caller.
diff --git a/include/system/memory.h b/include/system/memory.h
index 0562af3136..7117699b10 100644
--- a/include/system/memory.h
+++ b/include/system/memory.h
@@ -1588,32 +1588,6 @@ void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr,
                               hwaddr offset,
                               uint64_t size);
 
-/**
- * memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate: Initialize a ROM memory region.
- *
- * This has the same effect as calling memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
- * and then marking the resulting region read-only with
- * memory_region_set_readonly().
- *
- * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the
- * RAM side of the memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility
- * of the caller.
- *
- * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
- * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count
- * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream
- *        must be unique within any device
- * @size: size of the region.
- * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens.
- *
- * Return: true on success, else false setting @errp with error.
- */
-bool memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                      Object *owner,
-                                      const char *name,
-                                      uint64_t size,
-                                      Error **errp);
-
 /**
  * memory_region_init_iommu: Initialize a memory region of a custom type
  * that translates addresses
diff --git a/scripts/coccinelle/memory-region-housekeeping.cocci b/scripts/coccinelle/memory-region-housekeeping.cocci
index 7f89e9712e..e45703141a 100644
--- a/scripts/coccinelle/memory-region-housekeeping.cocci
+++ b/scripts/coccinelle/memory-region-housekeeping.cocci
@@ -16,17 +16,10 @@
 expression E1, E2, E3, E4, E5;
 symbol true;
 @@
-(
 - memory_region_init_ram(E1, E2, E3, E4, E5);
 + memory_region_init_rom(E1, E2, E3, E4, E5);
   ... WHEN != E1
 - memory_region_set_readonly(E1, true);
-|
-- memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(E1, E2, E3, E4, E5);
-+ memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(E1, E2, E3, E4, E5);
-  ... WHEN != E1
-- memory_region_set_readonly(E1, true);
-)
 
 
 @possible_memory_region_init_rom@
@@ -53,11 +46,7 @@ cocci.print_main("potential use of memory_region_init_rom*() in ", p)
 expression ROM, E1, E2, E3, E4;
 expression ALIAS, E5, E6, E7, E8;
 @@
-(
   memory_region_init_rom(ROM, E1, E2, E3, E4);
-|
-  memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(ROM, E1, E2, E3, E4);
-)
   ...
    memory_region_init_alias(ALIAS, E5, E6, ROM, E7, E8);
 -  memory_region_set_readonly(ALIAS, true);
@@ -80,23 +69,6 @@ expression ERRP;
  ...
 -vmstate_register_ram_global(MR);
 @@
-expression MR;
-expression NAME;
-expression SIZE;
-expression ERRP;
-@@
--memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(MR, NULL, NAME, SIZE, ERRP);
-+memory_region_init_rom(MR, NULL, NAME, SIZE, ERRP);
- ...
--vmstate_register_ram_global(MR);
-@@
-expression MR;
-expression OPS;
-expression OPAQUE;
-expression NAME;
-expression SIZE;
-expression ERRP;
-@@
 typedef DeviceState;
 identifier device_fn, dev, obj;
 expression E1, E2, E3, E4, E5;
diff --git a/system/memory.c b/system/memory.c
index c51d0798a8..65042bd9fa 100644
--- a/system/memory.c
+++ b/system/memory.c
@@ -1738,21 +1738,6 @@ void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr,
     mr->alias_offset = offset;
 }
 
-bool memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                      Object *owner,
-                                      const char *name,
-                                      uint64_t size,
-                                      Error **errp)
-{
-    if (!memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name,
-                                                size, 0, errp)) {
-         return false;
-    }
-    mr->readonly = true;
-
-    return true;
-}
-
 void memory_region_init_iommu(void *_iommu_mr,
                               size_t instance_size,
                               const char *mrtypename,
@@ -3757,9 +3742,11 @@ bool memory_region_init_rom(MemoryRegion *mr,
 {
     DeviceState *owner_dev;
 
-    if (!memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(mr, owner, name, size, errp)) {
+    if (!memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name,
+                                                size, 0, errp)) {
         return false;
     }
+    mr->readonly = true;
     /* This will assert if owner is neither NULL nor a DeviceState.
      * We only want the owner here for the purposes of defining a
      * unique name for migration. TODO: Ideally we should implement
-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 3/9] sun4m,sun4u,tcx: Do not use memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()

[BALATON Zoltan]

Convert to use memory_region_init_{ram,rom} instead. This breaks
migration but these machines have no migration compatibility guarantee
and this removes most remaining usages of this nomigrate variant.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <odaki@rsg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
---
 hw/display/tcx.c   |  3 +--
 hw/sparc/sun4m.c   | 19 +++++--------------
 hw/sparc64/sun4u.c | 10 +++-------
 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/display/tcx.c b/hw/display/tcx.c
index 16114b9bb8..c8a4ac21ca 100644
--- a/hw/display/tcx.c
+++ b/hw/display/tcx.c
@@ -815,9 +815,8 @@ static void tcx_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     uint8_t *vram_base;
     char *fcode_filename;
 
-    memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
+    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
                            s->vram_size * (1 + 4 + 4), &error_fatal);
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
     memory_region_set_log(&s->vram_mem, true, DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA);
     vram_base = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram_mem);
 
diff --git a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
index a17bdb3692..47853e3f76 100644
--- a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
+++ b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
@@ -587,13 +587,10 @@ static void idreg_realize(DeviceState *ds, Error **errp)
     IDRegState *s = MACIO_ID_REGISTER(ds);
     SysBusDevice *dev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(ds);
 
-    if (!memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(&s->mem, OBJECT(ds), "sun4m.idreg",
-                                          sizeof(idreg_data), errp)) {
+    if (!memory_region_init_rom(&s->mem, OBJECT(ds), "sun4m.idreg",
+                                sizeof(idreg_data), errp)) {
         return;
     }
-
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
-    memory_region_set_readonly(&s->mem, true);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->mem);
 }
 
@@ -638,12 +635,9 @@ static void afx_realize(DeviceState *ds, Error **errp)
     AFXState *s = TCX_AFX(ds);
     SysBusDevice *dev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(ds);
 
-    if (!memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(&s->mem, OBJECT(ds), "sun4m.afx",
-                                          4, errp)) {
+    if (!memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(ds), "sun4m.afx", 4, errp)) {
         return;
     }
-
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->mem);
 }
 
@@ -719,13 +713,10 @@ static void prom_realize(DeviceState *ds, Error **errp)
     PROMState *s = OPENPROM(ds);
     SysBusDevice *dev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(ds);
 
-    if (!memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(&s->prom, OBJECT(ds), "sun4m.prom",
-                                          PROM_SIZE_MAX, errp)) {
+    if (!memory_region_init_rom(&s->prom, OBJECT(ds), "sun4m.prom",
+                                PROM_SIZE_MAX, errp)) {
         return;
     }
-
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
-    memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
index b8bda1eb81..2e41785b78 100644
--- a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
+++ b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
@@ -455,13 +455,10 @@ static void prom_realize(DeviceState *ds, Error **errp)
     PROMState *s = OPENPROM(ds);
     SysBusDevice *dev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(ds);
 
-    if (!memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(&s->prom, OBJECT(ds), "sun4u.prom",
-                                          PROM_SIZE_MAX, errp)) {
+    if (!memory_region_init_rom(&s->prom, OBJECT(ds), "sun4u.prom",
+                                PROM_SIZE_MAX, errp)) {
         return;
     }
-
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
-    memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
 }
 
@@ -498,9 +495,8 @@ static void ram_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     RamDevice *d = SUN4U_RAM(dev);
     SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size,
+    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size,
                            &error_fatal);
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &d->ram);
 }
 
-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 4/9] hw/xtensa/xtfpga: Do not use memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()

[BALATON Zoltan]

Convert to use memory_region_init_ram() instead. This breaks migration
but the machines using this device have no migration compatibility
guarantee.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <odaki@rsg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
---
 hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
index d427d68e50..ed24720f94 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@
 #include "xtensa_memory.h"
 #include "hw/xtensa/mx_pic.h"
 #include "exec/cpu-common.h"
-#include "migration/vmstate.h"
 
 typedef struct XtfpgaFlashDesc {
     hwaddr base;
@@ -163,9 +162,8 @@ static void xtfpga_net_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
             sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 1));
 
     ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
-    memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16 * KiB,
+    memory_region_init_ram(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16 * KiB,
                            &error_fatal);
-    vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, buffers, ram);
 }
 
-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 5/9] memory: Remove memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()

[BALATON Zoltan]

Convert the last remaining use outside of memory.c in vga to use
memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate() instead and inline and remove
the memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate() variant. This leaves
memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate() as the only nomigrate variant
that is still needed at a few places.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <odaki@rsg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
---
 docs/devel/memory.rst                         |  8 +++----
 hw/display/vga.c                              |  4 ++--
 include/system/memory.h                       | 23 -------------------
 .../memory-region-housekeeping.cocci          | 19 ---------------
 system/memory.c                               | 13 ++---------
 5 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/devel/memory.rst b/docs/devel/memory.rst
index 0bb5acab21..9083b18f08 100644
--- a/docs/devel/memory.rst
+++ b/docs/devel/memory.rst
@@ -110,11 +110,9 @@ migrated:
 
 For most devices and boards this is the correct thing. If you
 have a special case where you need to manage the migration of
-the backing memory yourself, you can call the functions:
-
-- memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
-
-which only initialize the MemoryRegion and leave handling
+the backing memory yourself, you can call the function
+memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate()
+which only initializes the MemoryRegion and leaves handling
 migration to the caller.
 
 The functions:
diff --git a/hw/display/vga.c b/hw/display/vga.c
index 59a65cbbff..ee7d97b5c2 100644
--- a/hw/display/vga.c
+++ b/hw/display/vga.c
@@ -2235,8 +2235,8 @@ bool vga_common_init(VGACommonState *s, Object *obj, Error **errp)
         return false;
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size,
-                                     &local_err);
+    memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram",
+                                           s->vram_size, 0, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
         return false;
diff --git a/include/system/memory.h b/include/system/memory.h
index 7117699b10..d4793a08a7 100644
--- a/include/system/memory.h
+++ b/include/system/memory.h
@@ -1374,29 +1374,6 @@ void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr,
                            const char *name,
                            uint64_t size);
 
-/**
- * memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses
- *                                    into the region will modify memory
- *                                    directly.
- *
- * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
- * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count
- * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream
- *        must be unique within any device
- * @size: size of the region.
- * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens.
- *
- * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the
- * RAM memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility of the caller.
- *
- * Return: true on success, else false setting @errp with error.
- */
-bool memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                      Object *owner,
-                                      const char *name,
-                                      uint64_t size,
-                                      Error **errp);
-
 /**
  * memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate:  Initialize RAM memory region.
  *                                          Accesses into the region will
diff --git a/scripts/coccinelle/memory-region-housekeeping.cocci b/scripts/coccinelle/memory-region-housekeeping.cocci
index e45703141a..b23647a3d8 100644
--- a/scripts/coccinelle/memory-region-housekeeping.cocci
+++ b/scripts/coccinelle/memory-region-housekeeping.cocci
@@ -26,15 +26,9 @@ symbol true;
 expression E1, E2, E3, E4, E5;
 position p;
 @@
-(
   memory_region_init_ram@p(E1, E2, E3, E4, E5);
   ...
   memory_region_set_readonly(E1, true);
-|
-  memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate@p(E1, E2, E3, E4, E5);
-  ...
-  memory_region_set_readonly(E1, true);
-)
 @script:python@
 p << possible_memory_region_init_rom.p;
 @@
@@ -52,23 +46,10 @@ expression ALIAS, E5, E6, E7, E8;
 -  memory_region_set_readonly(ALIAS, true);
 
 
-// Replace by-hand memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate/vmstate_register_ram
-// code sequences with use of the new memory_region_init_ram function.
-// Similarly for the _rom and _rom_device functions.
 // We don't try to replace sequences with a non-NULL owner, because
 // there are none in the tree that can be automatically converted
 // (and only a handful that can be manually converted).
 @@
-expression MR;
-expression NAME;
-expression SIZE;
-expression ERRP;
-@@
--memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(MR, NULL, NAME, SIZE, ERRP);
-+memory_region_init_ram(MR, NULL, NAME, SIZE, ERRP);
- ...
--vmstate_register_ram_global(MR);
-@@
 typedef DeviceState;
 identifier device_fn, dev, obj;
 expression E1, E2, E3, E4, E5;
diff --git a/system/memory.c b/system/memory.c
index 65042bd9fa..e15f931a8a 100644
--- a/system/memory.c
+++ b/system/memory.c
@@ -1579,16 +1579,6 @@ void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr,
     memory_region_set_ops(mr, ops, opaque);
 }
 
-bool memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                      Object *owner,
-                                      const char *name,
-                                      uint64_t size,
-                                      Error **errp)
-{
-    return memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name,
-                                                  size, 0, errp);
-}
-
 bool memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr,
                                             Object *owner,
                                             const char *name,
@@ -3695,7 +3685,8 @@ bool memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
 {
     DeviceState *owner_dev;
 
-    if (!memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(mr, owner, name, size, errp)) {
+    if (!memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name,
+                                                size, 0, errp)) {
         return false;
     }
     /* This will assert if owner is neither NULL nor a DeviceState.
-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 6/9] memory: Shorten memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr and memory_region_init_rom_device

[BALATON Zoltan]

We can reuse memory_region_init_io in these functions.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <odaki@rsg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
---
 system/memory.c | 6 ++----
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/system/memory.c b/system/memory.c
index e15f931a8a..13d4e3314b 100644
--- a/system/memory.c
+++ b/system/memory.c
@@ -1705,10 +1705,9 @@ void memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr,
                                        uint64_t size,
                                        void *ptr)
 {
-    memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
+    memory_region_init_io(mr, owner, &ram_device_mem_ops, mr, name, size);
     mr->ram = true;
     mr->ram_device = true;
-    memory_region_set_ops(mr, &ram_device_mem_ops, mr);
     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
 
     /* qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr cannot fail with ptr != NULL.  */
@@ -3762,8 +3761,7 @@ bool memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr,
     Error *err = NULL;
 
     assert(ops);
-    memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
-    memory_region_set_ops(mr, ops, opaque);
+    memory_region_init_io(mr, owner, ops, opaque, name, size);
     mr->rom_device = true;
     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
     mr->ram_block = qemu_ram_alloc(size, 0, mr, &err);
-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 7/9] memory: Add internal memory_region_register_ram function

[BALATON Zoltan]

Factor out common operation from memory_region_init_{ram,rom}
functions to register the region for migration. This avoids
duplicating the long comment in several functions.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <odaki@rsg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
---
 system/memory.c | 80 ++++++++++++++-----------------------------------
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 57 deletions(-)

diff --git a/system/memory.c b/system/memory.c
index 13d4e3314b..9a12224555 100644
--- a/system/memory.c
+++ b/system/memory.c
@@ -3676,18 +3676,10 @@ void mtree_info(bool flatview, bool dispatch_tree, bool owner, bool disabled)
     }
 }
 
-bool memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                            Object *owner,
-                            const char *name,
-                            uint64_t size,
-                            Error **errp)
+static void memory_region_register_ram(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner)
 {
     DeviceState *owner_dev;
 
-    if (!memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name,
-                                                size, 0, errp)) {
-        return false;
-    }
     /* This will assert if owner is neither NULL nor a DeviceState.
      * We only want the owner here for the purposes of defining a
      * unique name for migration. TODO: Ideally we should implement
@@ -3696,68 +3688,50 @@ bool memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
      */
     owner_dev = DEVICE(owner);
     vmstate_register_ram(mr, owner_dev);
+}
 
+bool memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                            const char *name, uint64_t size,
+                            Error **errp)
+{
+    if (!memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name, size, 0,
+                                                errp)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    memory_region_register_ram(mr, owner);
     return true;
 }
 
-bool memory_region_init_ram_guest_memfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                        Object *owner,
-                                        const char *name,
-                                        uint64_t size,
+bool memory_region_init_ram_guest_memfd(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                                        const char *name, uint64_t size,
                                         Error **errp)
 {
-    DeviceState *owner_dev;
-
     if (!memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name, size,
                                                 RAM_GUEST_MEMFD, errp)) {
         return false;
     }
-    /* This will assert if owner is neither NULL nor a DeviceState.
-     * We only want the owner here for the purposes of defining a
-     * unique name for migration. TODO: Ideally we should implement
-     * a naming scheme for Objects which are not DeviceStates, in
-     * which case we can relax this restriction.
-     */
-    owner_dev = DEVICE(owner);
-    vmstate_register_ram(mr, owner_dev);
-
+    memory_region_register_ram(mr, owner);
     return true;
 }
 
-bool memory_region_init_rom(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                            Object *owner,
-                            const char *name,
-                            uint64_t size,
+bool memory_region_init_rom(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                            const char *name, uint64_t size,
                             Error **errp)
 {
-    DeviceState *owner_dev;
-
-    if (!memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name,
-                                                size, 0, errp)) {
+    if (!memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(mr, owner, name, size, 0,
+                                                errp)) {
         return false;
     }
     mr->readonly = true;
-    /* This will assert if owner is neither NULL nor a DeviceState.
-     * We only want the owner here for the purposes of defining a
-     * unique name for migration. TODO: Ideally we should implement
-     * a naming scheme for Objects which are not DeviceStates, in
-     * which case we can relax this restriction.
-     */
-    owner_dev = DEVICE(owner);
-    vmstate_register_ram(mr, owner_dev);
-
+    memory_region_register_ram(mr, owner);
     return true;
 }
 
-bool memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                   Object *owner,
-                                   const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
-                                   void *opaque,
-                                   const char *name,
-                                   uint64_t size,
+bool memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                                   const MemoryRegionOps *ops, void *opaque,
+                                   const char *name, uint64_t size,
                                    Error **errp)
 {
-    DeviceState *owner_dev;
     Error *err = NULL;
 
     assert(ops);
@@ -3771,15 +3745,7 @@ bool memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr,
         error_propagate(errp, err);
         return false;
     }
-    /* This will assert if owner is neither NULL nor a DeviceState.
-     * We only want the owner here for the purposes of defining a
-     * unique name for migration. TODO: Ideally we should implement
-     * a naming scheme for Objects which are not DeviceStates, in
-     * which case we can relax this restriction.
-     */
-    owner_dev = DEVICE(owner);
-    vmstate_register_ram(mr, owner_dev);
-
+    memory_region_register_ram(mr, owner);
     return true;
 }
 
-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 8/9] memory: Factor out common ram region initialization

[BALATON Zoltan]

Introduce internal helper function to remove duplicated code from
different memory_region_init_*ram functions. Remove local err and
error_propagate and pass errp and check return value instead.
Also shorten some function prototypes while at it.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <odaki@rsg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
---
 system/memory.c | 167 ++++++++++++++++++------------------------------
 1 file changed, 61 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-)

diff --git a/system/memory.c b/system/memory.c
index 9a12224555..2cda814bd6 100644
--- a/system/memory.c
+++ b/system/memory.c
@@ -1568,39 +1568,39 @@ static void memory_region_set_ops(MemoryRegion *mr,
     mr->terminates = true;
 }
 
-void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                           Object *owner,
-                           const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
-                           void *opaque,
-                           const char *name,
-                           uint64_t size)
+void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                           const MemoryRegionOps *ops, void *opaque,
+                           const char *name, uint64_t size)
 {
     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
     memory_region_set_ops(mr, ops, opaque);
 }
 
-bool memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                            Object *owner,
-                                            const char *name,
-                                            uint64_t size,
-                                            uint32_t ram_flags,
-                                            Error **errp)
+static bool memory_region_set_ram_block(MemoryRegion *mr, RAMBlock *rb)
 {
-    Error *err = NULL;
-    memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
     mr->ram = true;
     mr->terminates = true;
     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
-    mr->ram_block = qemu_ram_alloc(size, ram_flags, mr, &err);
-    if (err) {
+    mr->ram_block = rb;
+    if (!rb) {
         mr->size = int128_zero();
         object_unparent(OBJECT(mr));
-        error_propagate(errp, err);
         return false;
     }
     return true;
 }
 
+bool memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                                            const char *name, uint64_t size,
+                                            uint32_t ram_flags, Error **errp)
+{
+    RAMBlock *rb;
+
+    memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
+    rb = qemu_ram_alloc(size, ram_flags, mr, errp);
+    return memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
+}
+
 bool memory_region_init_resizeable_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
                                        Object *owner,
                                        const char *name,
@@ -1611,116 +1611,74 @@ bool memory_region_init_resizeable_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
                                                        void *host),
                                        Error **errp)
 {
-    Error *err = NULL;
+    RAMBlock *rb;
+
     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
-    mr->ram = true;
-    mr->terminates = true;
-    mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
-    mr->ram_block = qemu_ram_alloc_resizeable(size, max_size, resized,
-                                              mr, &err);
-    if (err) {
-        mr->size = int128_zero();
-        object_unparent(OBJECT(mr));
-        error_propagate(errp, err);
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
+    rb = qemu_ram_alloc_resizeable(size, max_size, resized, mr, errp);
+    return memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
 }
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX) && !defined(EMSCRIPTEN)
-bool memory_region_init_ram_from_file(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                      Object *owner,
-                                      const char *name,
-                                      uint64_t size,
-                                      uint64_t align,
-                                      uint32_t ram_flags,
-                                      const char *path,
-                                      ram_addr_t offset,
+bool memory_region_init_ram_from_file(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                                      const char *name, uint64_t size,
+                                      uint64_t align, uint32_t ram_flags,
+                                      const char *path, ram_addr_t offset,
                                       Error **errp)
 {
-    Error *err = NULL;
+    RAMBlock *rb;
+
     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
-    mr->ram = true;
     mr->readonly = !!(ram_flags & RAM_READONLY);
-    mr->terminates = true;
-    mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
     mr->align = align;
-    mr->ram_block = qemu_ram_alloc_from_file(size, mr, ram_flags, path,
-                                             offset, &err);
-    if (err) {
-        mr->size = int128_zero();
-        object_unparent(OBJECT(mr));
-        error_propagate(errp, err);
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
+    rb = qemu_ram_alloc_from_file(size, mr, ram_flags, path, offset, errp);
+    return memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
 }
 
-bool memory_region_init_ram_from_fd(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                    Object *owner,
-                                    const char *name,
-                                    uint64_t size,
-                                    uint32_t ram_flags,
-                                    int fd,
-                                    ram_addr_t offset,
-                                    Error **errp)
+bool memory_region_init_ram_from_fd(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                                    const char *name, uint64_t size,
+                                    uint32_t ram_flags, int fd,
+                                    ram_addr_t offset, Error **errp)
 {
-    Error *err = NULL;
+    RAMBlock *rb;
+
     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
-    mr->ram = true;
     mr->readonly = !!(ram_flags & RAM_READONLY);
-    mr->terminates = true;
-    mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
-    mr->ram_block = qemu_ram_alloc_from_fd(size, size, NULL, mr, ram_flags, fd,
-                                           offset, false, &err);
-    if (err) {
-        mr->size = int128_zero();
-        object_unparent(OBJECT(mr));
-        error_propagate(errp, err);
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
+    rb = qemu_ram_alloc_from_fd(size, size, NULL, mr, ram_flags, fd, offset,
+                                false, errp);
+    return memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
 }
 #endif
 
-void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                Object *owner,
-                                const char *name,
-                                uint64_t size,
+void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                                const char *name, uint64_t size,
                                 void *ptr)
 {
-    memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
-    mr->ram = true;
-    mr->terminates = true;
-    mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
+    RAMBlock *rb;
 
+    memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
     /* qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr cannot fail with ptr != NULL.  */
     assert(ptr != NULL);
-    mr->ram_block = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr, &error_abort);
+    rb = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr, &error_abort);
+    memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
 }
 
-void memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                                       Object *owner,
-                                       const char *name,
-                                       uint64_t size,
+void memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                                       const char *name, uint64_t size,
                                        void *ptr)
 {
+    RAMBlock *rb;
+
     memory_region_init_io(mr, owner, &ram_device_mem_ops, mr, name, size);
-    mr->ram = true;
     mr->ram_device = true;
-    mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
-
     /* qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr cannot fail with ptr != NULL.  */
     assert(ptr != NULL);
-    mr->ram_block = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr, &error_abort);
+    rb = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr, &error_abort);
+    memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
 }
 
-void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                              Object *owner,
-                              const char *name,
-                              MemoryRegion *orig,
-                              hwaddr offset,
-                              uint64_t size)
+void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
+                              const char *name, MemoryRegion *orig,
+                              hwaddr offset, uint64_t size)
 {
     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
     mr->alias = orig;
@@ -3732,21 +3690,18 @@ bool memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
                                    const char *name, uint64_t size,
                                    Error **errp)
 {
-    Error *err = NULL;
+    RAMBlock *rb;
 
     assert(ops);
     memory_region_init_io(mr, owner, ops, opaque, name, size);
-    mr->rom_device = true;
-    mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
-    mr->ram_block = qemu_ram_alloc(size, 0, mr, &err);
-    if (err) {
-        mr->size = int128_zero();
-        object_unparent(OBJECT(mr));
-        error_propagate(errp, err);
-        return false;
+    rb = qemu_ram_alloc(size, 0, mr, errp);
+    if (memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb)) {
+        mr->ram = false;
+        mr->rom_device = true;
+        memory_region_register_ram(mr, owner);
+        return true;
     }
-    memory_region_register_ram(mr, owner);
-    return true;
+    return false;
 }
 
 /*
-- 
2.41.3

[PATCH v10 9/9] memory: Factor out common ram ptr initialization

[BALATON Zoltan]

Introduce internal helper function to remove duplicated code from
different memory_region_init_ram_*ptr functions.

Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
---
 system/memory.c | 23 +++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/system/memory.c b/system/memory.c
index 2cda814bd6..f1db72eb42 100644
--- a/system/memory.c
+++ b/system/memory.c
@@ -1649,31 +1649,30 @@ bool memory_region_init_ram_from_fd(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
 }
 #endif
 
+static void memory_region_set_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, uint64_t size,
+                                      void *ptr)
+{
+    /* qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr cannot fail with ptr != NULL.  */
+    assert(ptr != NULL);
+    RAMBlock *rb = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr, &error_abort);
+    memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
+}
+
 void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
                                 const char *name, uint64_t size,
                                 void *ptr)
 {
-    RAMBlock *rb;
-
     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
-    /* qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr cannot fail with ptr != NULL.  */
-    assert(ptr != NULL);
-    rb = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr, &error_abort);
-    memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
+    memory_region_set_ram_ptr(mr, size, ptr);
 }
 
 void memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
                                        const char *name, uint64_t size,
                                        void *ptr)
 {
-    RAMBlock *rb;
-
     memory_region_init_io(mr, owner, &ram_device_mem_ops, mr, name, size);
     mr->ram_device = true;
-    /* qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr cannot fail with ptr != NULL.  */
-    assert(ptr != NULL);
-    rb = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr, &error_abort);
-    memory_region_set_ram_block(mr, rb);
+    memory_region_set_ram_ptr(mr, size, ptr);
 }
 
 void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
-- 
2.41.3

Re: [PATCH v10 0/9] memory: Remove most _nomigrate variants

[Peter Xu]

On Sun, Mar 08, 2026 at 12:05:58AM +0100, BALATON Zoltan wrote:
> BALATON Zoltan (9):
>   hw/display/{cg3.tcx}: Do not use memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate()
>   memory: Remove memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate()
>   sun4m,sun4u,tcx: Do not use memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
>   hw/xtensa/xtfpga:  Do not use memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
>   memory: Remove memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate()
>   memory: Shorten memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr and
>     memory_region_init_rom_device
>   memory: Add internal memory_region_register_ram function
>   memory: Factor out common ram region initialization
>   memory: Factor out common ram ptr initialization

I queued the rest too for 11.0, thanks.

-- 
Peter Xu

Re: [PATCH v10 1/9] hw/display/{cg3.tcx}: Do not use memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate()

[Thomas Huth]

On 08/03/2026 00.05, BALATON Zoltan wrote:
> Use memory_region_init_rom() instead which is what other devices do.
> This breaks migration but these devices are only used by sparc Sun
> machines which have no migration compatibility guarantee.
> 
> Signed-off-by: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
> Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
> Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <odaki@rsg.ci.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
> ---
...
> diff --git a/hw/display/tcx.c b/hw/display/tcx.c
> index 36cad82abd..16114b9bb8 100644
> --- a/hw/display/tcx.c
> +++ b/hw/display/tcx.c
> @@ -756,8 +756,8 @@ static void tcx_initfn(Object *obj)
>       SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
>       TCXState *s = TCX(obj);
>   
> -    memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(&s->rom, obj, "tcx.prom",
> -                                     FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE, &error_fatal);
> +    memory_region_init_rom(&s->rom, obj, "tcx.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE,
> +                           &error_fatal);
>       sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);

  Hi!

This unfortunately break the device-introspect-test in thorough mode:

  $ export QTEST_QEMU_BINARY=./qemu-system-sparc
  $ tests/qtest/device-introspect-test -m thorough
  ...
  # Testing device 'sun-tcx'
  RAMBlock "tcx.prom" already registered, abort!
  Broken pipe
  ../../devel/qemu/tests/qtest/libqtest.c:210: kill_qemu() detected QEMU
  death from signal 6 (Aborted) (core dumped)
  Aborted (core dumped)

Could you please have a look? I guess the memory_region_init_rom should 
rather be done from the realize() function instead of doing it in 
instance_init()?

  Thanks,
   Thomas