[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[Robin Getz]

Quick Question:

Has anyone seen an issue with compressed kernels?

I am using uClinux - and things work great - as long as my compressed 
kernel images seem to be under 2Meg. (still determining the exact size when 
things fail).

When things get too big - the kernel decompresses - but does not boot 
properly. If I tftp the binary image (before gzip, and mkimage) things work 
OK....

I have tried "gzip -9" and "gzip"

Pointers appreciated.

Thanks
-Robin

[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[Wolfgang Denk]

In message <6.1.1.1.0.20050413233643.01eb40f0@ptg1.spd.analog.com> you wrote:
> 
> Has anyone seen an issue with compressed kernels?

Yes, often - in case of misuse,  like  when  using  an  inappropriate
download  address  so  that  parts  of the image get overwritten when
uncompression starts.

> When things get too big - the kernel decompresses - but does not boot 
> properly. If I tftp the binary image (before gzip, and mkimage) things work 
> OK....

You don't provide any useful information (like  exact  commands  used
and addresses used), so don't expect a helpful reply ;-)

Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

-- 
Software Engineering:  Embedded and Realtime Systems,  Embedded Linux
Phone: (+49)-8142-66989-10 Fax: (+49)-8142-66989-80 Email: wd at denx.de
If some day we are defeated, well, war has  its  fortunes,  good  and
bad.
	-- Commander Kor, "Errand of Mercy", stardate 3201.7

[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[Robin Getz]

>You don't provide any useful information (like  exact  commands  used and 
>addresses used), so don't expect a helpful reply ;-)

working procedure:

rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> make menuconfig   (set things up)
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> make              (make the uClinux dist)

rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp /linux-2.6.x/linux ./linux
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp linux /tftpboot/linux
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> objcopy -O binary ./linux ./linux.bin
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp linux /tftpboot/linux.bin
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> gzip -9 linux.bin
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> ../u-boot/tools/mkimage -A Blackfin -O Linux \
      -T kernel -C gzip -a 0x1000 -e 0x1000 -n "Bfin uClinux Kernel"      \
      -d linux.bin.gz uImage
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp ./uImage /tftpboot/uImage

I have three files linux (elf file) linux.bin (binary) and uImage (compressed)

rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> kermit
stamp> tftp 0x1000000 linux
stamp> bootelf
(works great)

stamp> tftp 0x1000 linux.bin
stamp> go 0x1000
(works great)

stamp> tftp 0x1000000 uImage
stamp> bootm
(works great)

stamp> tftp 0x1000000 uImage
stamp> cp.b 0x1000000 0x20100000 $(filesize)
stamp> bootm 0x20100000
(boot from flash - works great)
(reset, and boot from flash with Autoboot - works great)


Failing procedure:

rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> make menuconfig   (set things up)
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp ../media/song.mp3 ./romfs/bin/song.mp3
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> make              (make the uClinux dist)

rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp /linux-2.6.x/linux ./linux
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp linux /tftpboot/linux
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> objcopy -O binary ./linux ./linux.bin
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp linux /tftpboot/linux.bin
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> gzip -9 linux.bin
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> ../u-boot/tools/mkimage -A Blackfin -O Linux \
      -T kernel -C gzip -a 0x1000 -e 0x1000 -n "Bfin uClinux Kernel"      \
      -d linux.bin.gz uImage
rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp ./uImage /tftpboot/uImage

I have three files linux (elf file) linux.bin (binary) and uImage (compressed)

rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> kermit
stamp> tftp 0x1000000 linux
stamp> bootelf
(works great)

stamp> tftp 0x1000 linux.bin
stamp> go 0x1000
(works great)

stamp> tftp 0x1000000 uImage
stamp> bootm
(fails)

stamp> tftp 0x1000000 uImage
stamp> cp.b 0x1000000 0x20100000 $(filesize)
stamp> bootm 0x20100000
(boot from flash - fails)
(reset, and boot from flash with Autoboot - fails)

If you need anything else - let me know.
-Robin

[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[Wolfgang Denk]

In message <6.1.1.1.0.20050414070350.01eb5920@ptg1.spd.analog.com> you wrote:
> 
> Failing procedure:
...
> rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> objcopy -O binary ./linux ./linux.bin
> rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> cp linux /tftpboot/linux.bin

I'm somewhat confused here. "linux" is the ELF file, right?  The  why
do you "cp linux /tftpboot/linux.bin"? It's NOT a binary file...

> rgetz at pinky:~/uClinux-dist> gzip -9 linux.bin

And which "linux.bin" is used  here  -  the  binary  image  from  the
"objcopy" step, or the ELF file from the "cp" step?

> stamp> tftp 0x1000000 uImage
> stamp> bootm
> (fails)

And what are the exact error messages?


Arrghh... Why do I have to ask for each line of information?

> stamp> bootm 0x20100000
> (boot from flash - fails)

And what are the exact error messages?


Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

-- 
Software Engineering:  Embedded and Realtime Systems,  Embedded Linux
Phone: (+49)-8142-66989-10 Fax: (+49)-8142-66989-80 Email: wd at denx.de
"It follows that any commander in chief who undertakes to carry out a
plan which he considers defective is at fault; he must put forth  his
reasons,  insist  of  the  plan being changed, and finally tender his
resignation rather than be the instrument of his army's downfall."
- Napoleon, "Military Maxims and Thought"

[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[Robin Getz]

Wolfgang:

Sorry - I was not trying to make a bug report - just ask a quick question 
if anyone else had seen any issues with large (5.5Meg binary images) being 
turned into large (3Meg) gzip files.

Here is the full description (sorry for the previous typo):

make a kernel that includes a large file in the romfs (we are using mp3 
file - so it is fairly uncompressible - not sure if this is the issue or 
not). When this mp3 is not included the romfs, uImages (and bootm) continue 
work OK.

to make the bin:
bfin-elf-objcopy -O binary linux linux.bin

to creat the gzip:
gzip -9 linux.bin

to create the uImage:
(WORK_DIR)/u-boot_1.1.3/tools/mkimage -A Blackfin -O Linux -T kernel -C 
gzip -a 0x1000 -e 0x1000 -n "Bfin uClinux Kernel" -d linux.bin.gz uImage

I have three files linux (elf file) linux.bin (binary) and uImage (compressed)


CPU:   ADSP BF533 Rev.: 0.3
Board: ADI BF533 Stamp board
        Support: http://blackfin.uclinux.org/
        Richard Klingler <richard@uclinux.net>
Clock: VCO: 497 MHz, Core: 497 MHz, System: 124 MHz
SDRAM: 128 MB
FLASH:   4 MB
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Net:   SMC91111 at 0x20300300
I2C:   ready
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
## Booting image at 20100000 ...
    Image Name:   Blackfin Audio
    Created:      2005-04-12  19:53:31 UTC
    Image Type:   Blackfin Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
    Data Size:    2973852 Bytes =  2.8 MB
    Load Address: 00001000
    Entry Point:  00001000
    Verifying Checksum ... OK
    Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
Starting Kernel at = 1000
Linux version 2.6.8.1 (dskocyp at linux) (gcc version 3.4.1) #2 Tue Apr 12 
14:40:24 EDT 2005
Blackfin support (C) 2004 Analog Devices, Inc.
ADSP-BF533 Rev. 0.3
uClinux/BF533
Blackfin uClinux support by LG Soft India (www.lgsoftindia.com
Processor Speed: 497 MHz core clock and 124 Mhz System Clock
Board Memory: 128MB
Memory map:
   text = 0x001000-0x0d5bb4
   data = 0x0e0364-0x1034b0
   bss  = 0x1034b0-0x112320
   rootfs = 0x112320-0x5f5000
   stack = 0x0e2000-0x0e4000
Command line: 'root=/dev/mtdblock0 rw'
Instruction Cache Enabled
Data Cache Enabled
Built 1 zonelists
Kernel command line: root=/dev/mtdblock0 rw
Configuring Blackfin Priority Driven Interrupts
PID hash table entries: 16 (order 4: 128 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
Physical pages: 8000
Memory available: 123552k/130175k RAM, (40k init code, 850k kernel code, 
199k data)
Blackfin Scratchpad data SRAM: 4 KB
Blackfin DATA_A SRAM: 16 KB
Calibrating delay loop... 78.43 BogoMIPS
Security Scaffold v1.0.0 initialized
Capability LSM initialized
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
NET: Registered protocol family 16
Blackfin DMA Controller for BF533
stamp_init registe the device resurce to system.
Real Time Clock Driver v1.10e
blackfin_dpmc_init
Dynamic Power Management Controller: major=10, minor = 254
DPMC Driver v0.1
BlackFin BF533 serial driver version 2.00 With DMA Support
ttyS0 at irq = 21 is a builtin BlackFin BF533 UART
Enabling Serial UART Interrupts
RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize
EBIU Asynchronous memory setup.
smc91x.c: v1.0, mar 07 2003 by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
EZ-LAN interrupt setup.
eth0: SMC91C11xFD (rev 1) at 0x20300300 IRQ 27 [nowait]
eth0: Ethernet addr: 00:e0:22:fe:01:0a
Using cfq io scheduler
uclinux[mtd]: RAM probe address=0x112320 size=0x7d0000
Creating 1 MTD partitions on "RAM":
0x00000000-0x007d0000 : "EXT2fs"
uclinux[mtd]: set EXT2fs to be root filesystem
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.4 (Mon May 17 14:31:44 
2004 UTC).
enable_irq(20) unbalanced from 000ddada
enable_irq(12) unbalanced from 000ddae0
sport: ffc00800 dma rx: ffc00c40 tx: ffc00c80
enable_irq(10) unbalanced from 000ddb44
set register 13 to 0xd180
set register 0 to 0x0000
set register 12 to 0xc000
set register 2 to 0x23ff
set register 3 to 0x33ff
set register 4 to 0x43ff
set register 5 to 0x53ff
set register 6 to 0x63ff
set register 7 to 0x73ff
sport: bf53x_sport_set_multichannel( tdm_count=8 packed=1 )
sport: bf53x_sport_config_rx_dma( 00110320, 2, 32, 0x11 )
sport: bf53x_sport_config_tx_dma( 00110360, 2, 32, 0x11 )
channel masks set to 0123 = { 11 33 77 ff }
ALSA device list:
   #0: Analog Devices AD1836A at SPI irq 20/12, SPORT0 rx/tx dma 1/2 irq 
16/17/10
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP: routing cache hash table of 1024 buckets, 8Kbytes
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 16384)
NET: Registered protocol family 1
NET: Registered protocol family 17
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
Freeing unused kernel memory: 40k freed (0xd6000 - 0xdf000)
EXT2-fs error (device mtdblock0): ext2_check_page: bad entry in directory 
#173: rec_len is too small for name_len - offset6
Warning: unable to open an initial console.
EXT2-fs error (device mtdblock0): ext2_check_page: bad entry in directory 
#174: unaligned directory entry - offset=0, inod1
Kernel panic: Attempted to kill init!

[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[Wolfgang Denk]

In message <6.1.1.1.0.20050414175534.01eb8780@ptg1.spd.analog.com> you wrote:
> 
> Sorry - I was not trying to make a bug report - just ask a quick question 
> if anyone else had seen any issues with large (5.5Meg binary images) being 
> turned into large (3Meg) gzip files.

Not on any of the platforms I have access to.

> ## Booting image at 20100000 ...
>     Image Name:   Blackfin Audio
>     Created:      2005-04-12  19:53:31 UTC
>     Image Type:   Blackfin Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
>     Data Size:    2973852 Bytes =  2.8 MB
>     Load Address: 00001000
>     Entry Point:  00001000
>     Verifying Checksum ... OK
>     Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
> Starting Kernel at = 1000
> Linux version 2.6.8.1 (dskocyp at linux) (gcc version 3.4.1) #2 Tue Apr 12 
> 14:40:24 EDT 2005
> Blackfin support (C) 2004 Analog Devices, Inc.
...
> VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
> Freeing unused kernel memory: 40k freed (0xd6000 - 0xdf000)
> EXT2-fs error (device mtdblock0): ext2_check_page: bad entry in directory 
> #173: rec_len is too small for name_len - offset6
> Warning: unable to open an initial console.
> EXT2-fs error (device mtdblock0): ext2_check_page: bad entry in directory 
> #174: unaligned directory entry - offset=0, inod1
> Kernel panic: Attempted to kill init!

I don't see any U-Boot related problems in thi sreport.

Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

-- 
Software Engineering:  Embedded and Realtime Systems,  Embedded Linux
Phone: (+49)-8142-66989-10 Fax: (+49)-8142-66989-80 Email: wd at denx.de
"Gravitation cannot be held responsible for people falling in  love."
- Albert Einstein

[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[Rupesh S]

Robin,

I am assuming that you are using uClinux with 'romfs' as your rootfilesystem.
If this is the case, you should create your 'uImage' with 'image.bin' and not 'linux.bin'. The 'linux.bin' is just the kernel and does not include the romfs image in it.Also noticed that u have given "root=/dev/mtdblock" as kernel command. Are you placing your 'romfs' image at that address ? Another point of note is your Flash memory space, which Iis just 4MB. I am assuming you are 'bootm' ing your image from Flash address.Is your uImage size bigger than that by any chance ?


--
Rupesh S

>>> Robin Getz <rgetz@blackfin.uclinux.org> 04/15/05 04:21PM >>>
Wolfgang:

Sorry - I was not trying to make a bug report - just ask a quick question 
if anyone else had seen any issues with large (5.5Meg binary images) being 
turned into large (3Meg) gzip files.

Here is the full description (sorry for the previous typo):

make a kernel that includes a large file in the romfs (we are using mp3 
file - so it is fairly uncompressible - not sure if this is the issue or 
not). When this mp3 is not included the romfs, uImages (and bootm) continue 
work OK.

to make the bin:
bfin-elf-objcopy -O binary linux linux.bin

to creat the gzip:
gzip -9 linux.bin

to create the uImage:
(WORK_DIR)/u-boot_1.1.3/tools/mkimage -A Blackfin -O Linux -T kernel -C 
gzip -a 0x1000 -e 0x1000 -n "Bfin uClinux Kernel" -d linux.bin.gz uImage

I have three files linux (elf file) linux.bin (binary) and uImage (compressed)


CPU:   ADSP BF533 Rev.: 0.3
Board: ADI BF533 Stamp board
        Support: http://blackfin.uclinux.org/ 
        Richard Klingler <richard@uclinux.net>
Clock: VCO: 497 MHz, Core: 497 MHz, System: 124 MHz
SDRAM: 128 MB
FLASH:   4 MB
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Net:   SMC91111 at 0x20300300
I2C:   ready
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
## Booting image at 20100000 ...
    Image Name:   Blackfin Audio
    Created:      2005-04-12  19:53:31 UTC
    Image Type:   Blackfin Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
    Data Size:    2973852 Bytes =  2.8 MB
    Load Address: 00001000
    Entry Point:  00001000
    Verifying Checksum ... OK
    Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
Starting Kernel at = 1000
Linux version 2.6.8.1 (dskocyp at linux) (gcc version 3.4.1) #2 Tue Apr 12 
14:40:24 EDT 2005
Blackfin support (C) 2004 Analog Devices, Inc.
ADSP-BF533 Rev. 0.3
uClinux/BF533
Blackfin uClinux support by LG Soft India (www.lgsoftindia.com 
Processor Speed: 497 MHz core clock and 124 Mhz System Clock
Board Memory: 128MB
Memory map:
   text = 0x001000-0x0d5bb4
   data = 0x0e0364-0x1034b0
   bss  = 0x1034b0-0x112320
   rootfs = 0x112320-0x5f5000
   stack = 0x0e2000-0x0e4000
Command line: 'root=/dev/mtdblock0 rw'
Instruction Cache Enabled
Data Cache Enabled
Built 1 zonelists
Kernel command line: root=/dev/mtdblock0 rw
Configuring Blackfin Priority Driven Interrupts
PID hash table entries: 16 (order 4: 128 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
Physical pages: 8000
Memory available: 123552k/130175k RAM, (40k init code, 850k kernel code, 
199k data)
Blackfin Scratchpad data SRAM: 4 KB
Blackfin DATA_A SRAM: 16 KB
Calibrating delay loop... 78.43 BogoMIPS
Security Scaffold v1.0.0 initialized
Capability LSM initialized
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
NET: Registered protocol family 16
Blackfin DMA Controller for BF533
stamp_init registe the device resurce to system.
Real Time Clock Driver v1.10e
blackfin_dpmc_init
Dynamic Power Management Controller: major=10, minor = 254
DPMC Driver v0.1
BlackFin BF533 serial driver version 2.00 With DMA Support
ttyS0 at irq = 21 is a builtin BlackFin BF533 UART
Enabling Serial UART Interrupts
RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize
EBIU Asynchronous memory setup.
smc91x.c: v1.0, mar 07 2003 by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
EZ-LAN interrupt setup.
eth0: SMC91C11xFD (rev 1) at 0x20300300 IRQ 27 [nowait]
eth0: Ethernet addr: 00:e0:22:fe:01:0a
Using cfq io scheduler
uclinux[mtd]: RAM probe address=0x112320 size=0x7d0000
Creating 1 MTD partitions on "RAM":
0x00000000-0x007d0000 : "EXT2fs"
uclinux[mtd]: set EXT2fs to be root filesystem
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.4 (Mon May 17 14:31:44 
2004 UTC).
enable_irq(20) unbalanced from 000ddada
enable_irq(12) unbalanced from 000ddae0
sport: ffc00800 dma rx: ffc00c40 tx: ffc00c80
enable_irq(10) unbalanced from 000ddb44
set register 13 to 0xd180
set register 0 to 0x0000
set register 12 to 0xc000
set register 2 to 0x23ff
set register 3 to 0x33ff
set register 4 to 0x43ff
set register 5 to 0x53ff
set register 6 to 0x63ff
set register 7 to 0x73ff
sport: bf53x_sport_set_multichannel( tdm_count=8 packed=1 )
sport: bf53x_sport_config_rx_dma( 00110320, 2, 32, 0x11 )
sport: bf53x_sport_config_tx_dma( 00110360, 2, 32, 0x11 )
channel masks set to 0123 = { 11 33 77 ff }
ALSA device list:
   #0: Analog Devices AD1836A at SPI irq 20/12, SPORT0 rx/tx dma 1/2 irq 
16/17/10
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP: routing cache hash table of 1024 buckets, 8Kbytes
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 16384)
NET: Registered protocol family 1
NET: Registered protocol family 17
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
Freeing unused kernel memory: 40k freed (0xd6000 - 0xdf000)
EXT2-fs error (device mtdblock0): ext2_check_page: bad entry in directory 
#173: rec_len is too small for name_len - offset6
Warning: unable to open an initial console.
EXT2-fs error (device mtdblock0): ext2_check_page: bad entry in directory 
#174: unaligned directory entry - offset=0, inod1
Kernel panic: Attempted to kill init!




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[U-Boot-Users] quick gzip question/issue.

[Wolfgang Denk]

In message <s264e329.041@EMAIL> you wrote:
> 
> I am assuming that you are using uClinux with 'romfs' as your rootfilesystem.
> If this is the case, you should create your 'uImage' with 'image.bin' and
> not 'linux.bin'. The 'linux.bin' is just the kernel and does not include
> the romfs image in it.Also noticed that u have given "root=/dev/mtdblock"

And this is what is intended. It is one of the design goals of U-Boot
to get rid of the need to bundle the Linux kernel and the  root  file
system into one image.


Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

-- 
Software Engineering:  Embedded and Realtime Systems,  Embedded Linux
Phone: (+49)-8142-66989-10 Fax: (+49)-8142-66989-80 Email: wd at denx.de
How many QA engineers does it take to screw in a lightbulb? 3:  1  to
screw it in and 2 to say "I told you so" when it doesn't work.