[PATCH bpf v3 0/2] bpf: Fix incorrect immediate spill

[PATCH bpf v3 0/2] bpf: Fix incorrect immediate spill

[Hao Sun]

Immediate is incorrectly cast to u32 before being spilled, losing sign
information. The range information is incorrect after load again. Fix
immediate spill by remove the cast. The second patch add a test case
for this.

Signed-off-by: Hao Sun <sunhao.th@gmail.com>
---
Changes in v3:
- Change the expected log to fix the test case
- Link to v2: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231101-fix-check-stack-write-v2-0-cb7c17b869b0@gmail.com

Changes in v2:
- Add fix and cc tags.
- Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026-fix-check-stack-write-v1-0-6b325ef3ce7e@gmail.com

---
Hao Sun (2):
      bpf: Fix check_stack_write_fixed_off() to correctly spill imm
      selftests/bpf: Add test for immediate spilled to stack

 kernel/bpf/verifier.c                             |  2 +-
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/bpf_st_mem.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
---
base-commit: f2fbb908112311423b09cd0d2b4978f174b99585
change-id: 20231026-fix-check-stack-write-c40996694dfa

Best regards,
-- 
Hao Sun <sunhao.th@gmail.com>

[PATCH bpf v3 1/2] bpf: Fix check_stack_write_fixed_off() to correctly spill imm

[Hao Sun]

In check_stack_write_fixed_off(), imm value is cast to u32 before being
spilled to the stack. Therefore, the sign information is lost, and the
range information is incorrect when load from the stack again.

For the following prog:
0: r2 = r10
1: *(u64*)(r2 -40) = -44
2: r0 = *(u64*)(r2 - 40)
3: if r0 s<= 0xa goto +2
4: r0 = 1
5: exit
6: r0  = 0
7: exit

The verifier gives:
func#0 @0
0: R1=ctx(off=0,imm=0) R10=fp0
0: (bf) r2 = r10                      ; R2_w=fp0 R10=fp0
1: (7a) *(u64 *)(r2 -40) = -44        ; R2_w=fp0 fp-40_w=4294967252
2: (79) r0 = *(u64 *)(r2 -40)         ; R0_w=4294967252 R2_w=fp0
fp-40_w=4294967252
3: (c5) if r0 s< 0xa goto pc+2
mark_precise: frame0: last_idx 3 first_idx 0 subseq_idx -1
mark_precise: frame0: regs=r0 stack= before 2: (79) r0 = *(u64 *)(r2 -40)
3: R0_w=4294967252
4: (b7) r0 = 1                        ; R0_w=1
5: (95) exit
verification time 7971 usec
stack depth 40
processed 6 insns (limit 1000000) max_states_per_insn 0 total_states 0
peak_states 0 mark_read 0

So remove the incorrect cast, since imm field is declared as s32, and
__mark_reg_known() takes u64, so imm would be correctly sign extended
by compiler.

Fixes: ecdf985d7615 ("bpf: track immediate values written to stack by BPF_ST instruction")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Hao Sun <sunhao.th@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Shung-Hsi Yu <shung-hsi.yu@suse.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
---
 kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
index 857d76694517..44af69ce1301 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -4674,7 +4674,7 @@ static int check_stack_write_fixed_off(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 		   insn->imm != 0 && env->bpf_capable) {
 		struct bpf_reg_state fake_reg = {};
 
-		__mark_reg_known(&fake_reg, (u32)insn->imm);
+		__mark_reg_known(&fake_reg, insn->imm);
 		fake_reg.type = SCALAR_VALUE;
 		save_register_state(state, spi, &fake_reg, size);
 	} else if (reg && is_spillable_regtype(reg->type)) {

-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH bpf v3 2/2] selftests/bpf: Add test for immediate spilled to stack

[Hao Sun]

Add a test to check if the verifier correctly reason about the sign
of an immediate spilled to stack by BPF_ST instruction.

Signed-off-by: Hao Sun <sunhao.th@gmail.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/bpf_st_mem.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/bpf_st_mem.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/bpf_st_mem.c
index 3af2501082b2..b616575c3b00 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/bpf_st_mem.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/bpf_st_mem.c
@@ -65,3 +65,35 @@
 	.expected_attach_type = BPF_SK_LOOKUP,
 	.runs = -1,
 },
+{
+	"BPF_ST_MEM stack imm sign",
+	/* Check if verifier correctly reasons about sign of an
+	 * immediate spilled to stack by BPF_ST instruction.
+	 *
+	 *   fp[-8] = -44;
+	 *   r0 = fp[-8];
+	 *   if r0 s< 0 goto ret0;
+	 *   r0 = -1;
+	 *   exit;
+	 * ret0:
+	 *   r0 = 0;
+	 *   exit;
+	 */
+	.insns = {
+	BPF_ST_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_10, -8, -44),
+	BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_10, -8),
+	BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JSLT, BPF_REG_0, 0, 2),
+	BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, -1),
+	BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+	BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0),
+	BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+	},
+	/* Use prog type that requires return value in range [0, 1] */
+	.prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_LOOKUP,
+	.expected_attach_type = BPF_SK_LOOKUP,
+	.result = VERBOSE_ACCEPT,
+	.runs = -1,
+	.errstr = "0: (7a) *(u64 *)(r10 -8) = -44        ; R10=fp0 fp-8_w=-44\
+	2: (c5) if r0 s< 0x0 goto pc+2\
+	R0_w=-44",
+},

-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH bpf v3 0/2] bpf: Fix incorrect immediate spill

[patchwork-bot+netdevbpf]

Hello:

This series was applied to bpf/bpf.git (master)
by Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>:

On Wed, 01 Nov 2023 13:33:50 +0100 you wrote:
> Immediate is incorrectly cast to u32 before being spilled, losing sign
> information. The range information is incorrect after load again. Fix
> immediate spill by remove the cast. The second patch add a test case
> for this.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Hao Sun <sunhao.th@gmail.com>
> 
> [...]

Here is the summary with links:
  - [bpf,v3,1/2] bpf: Fix check_stack_write_fixed_off() to correctly spill imm
    https://git.kernel.org/bpf/bpf/c/811c363645b3
  - [bpf,v3,2/2] selftests/bpf: Add test for immediate spilled to stack
    https://git.kernel.org/bpf/bpf/c/85eb035e6cfd

You are awesome, thank you!
-- 
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