[PATCH bpf-next 0/2] bpf: Reject bpf_timer for PREEMPT_RT

[PATCH bpf-next 0/2] bpf: Reject bpf_timer for PREEMPT_RT

[Leon Hwang]

While running './test_progs -t timer' to validate the test case from
"selftests/bpf: Introduce experimental bpf_in_interrupt()"[0] for
PREEMPT_RT, I encountered a kernel panic.

To address this, reject bpf_timer usage in the verifier when
PREEMPT_RT is enabled, and skip the corresponding timer selftests.

Links:
[0] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20250903140438.59517-1-leon.hwang@linux.dev/

Leon Hwang (2):
  bpf: Reject bpf_timer for PREEMPT_RT
  selftests/bpf: Skip timer cases when bpf_timer is not supported

 kernel/bpf/verifier.c                                 | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/free_timer.c   | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer.c        | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_crash.c  | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_lockup.c | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_mim.c    | 4 ++++
 6 files changed, 24 insertions(+)

--
2.50.1

[PATCH bpf-next 1/2] bpf: Reject bpf_timer for PREEMPT_RT

[Leon Hwang]

When enable CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT, the kernel will panic when run timer
selftests by './test_progs -t timer':

[   35.955287] BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/spinlock_rt.c:48
[   35.955312] in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 1, non_block: 0, pid: 120, name: test_progs
[   35.955315] preempt_count: 1, expected: 0
[   35.955316] RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0
[   35.955317] 2 locks held by test_progs/120:
[   35.955319]  #0: ffffffff8f1c3720 (rcu_read_lock_trace){....}-{0:0}, at: bpf_prog_test_run_syscall+0xc9/0x240
[   35.955358]  #1: ffff9155fbd331c8 ((&c->lock)){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: ___slab_alloc+0xb0/0xd20
[   35.955388] irq event stamp: 100
[   35.955389] hardirqs last  enabled at (99): [<ffffffff8dfcd890>] do_syscall_64+0x30/0x2d0
[   35.955414] hardirqs last disabled at (100): [<ffffffff8d4a9baa>] __bpf_async_init+0xca/0x310
[   35.955428] softirqs last  enabled at (0): [<ffffffff8d296cbb>] copy_process+0x9db/0x2000
[   35.955449] softirqs last disabled at (0): [<0000000000000000>] 0x0
[   35.955482] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 120 Comm: test_progs Tainted: G           OE       6.17.0-rc1-gc5f5af560d8a #30 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)}
[   35.955487] Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE
[   35.955488] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
[   35.955491] Call Trace:
[   35.955493]  <TASK>
[   35.955499]  dump_stack_lvl+0x73/0xb0
[   35.955514]  dump_stack+0x14/0x20
[   35.955518]  __might_resched+0x167/0x230
[   35.955537]  rt_spin_lock+0x66/0x180
[   35.955543]  ? ___slab_alloc+0xb0/0xd20
[   35.955549]  ? bpf_map_kmalloc_node+0x7c/0x200
[   35.955560]  ___slab_alloc+0xb0/0xd20
[   35.955575]  ? __lock_acquire+0x43d/0x2590
[   35.955601]  __kmalloc_node_noprof+0x10b/0x410
[   35.955605]  ? __kmalloc_node_noprof+0x10b/0x410
[   35.955607]  ? bpf_map_kmalloc_node+0x7c/0x200
[   35.955616]  bpf_map_kmalloc_node+0x7c/0x200
[   35.955624]  __bpf_async_init+0xf8/0x310
[   35.955633]  bpf_timer_init+0x37/0x40
[   35.955637]  bpf_prog_2287350dd5909839_start_cb+0x5d/0x91
[   35.955642]  bpf_prog_0d54653d8a74e954_start_timer+0x65/0x8a
[   35.955650]  bpf_prog_test_run_syscall+0x111/0x240
[   35.955660]  __sys_bpf+0x81c/0x2ab0
[   35.955665]  ? __might_fault+0x47/0x90
[   35.955700]  __x64_sys_bpf+0x1e/0x30
[   35.955703]  x64_sys_call+0x171d/0x20d0
[   35.955715]  do_syscall_64+0x6a/0x2d0
[   35.955722]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
[   35.955728] RIP: 0033:0x7fee4261225d
[   35.955734] Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 8b bb 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48
[   35.955736] RSP: 002b:00007fee424e5bd8 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000141
[   35.955742] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fee424e6cdc RCX: 00007fee4261225d
[   35.955744] RDX: 0000000000000050 RSI: 00007fee424e5c20 RDI: 000000000000000a
[   35.955745] RBP: 00007fee424e5bf0 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 00007fee424e5c20
[   35.955747] R10: 00007fffc266f910 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 00007fee424e66c0
[   35.955748] R13: ffffffffffffff08 R14: 0000000000000016 R15: 00007fffc266f650
[   35.955766]  </TASK>

In order to avoid such panic, reject bpf_timer in verifier when
PREEMPT_RT is enabled.

Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev>
---
 kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
index b9394f8fac0ed..8ca9d20ab61f4 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -8552,6 +8552,10 @@ static int process_timer_func(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int regno,
 		verifier_bug(env, "Two map pointers in a timer helper");
 		return -EFAULT;
 	}
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT)) {
+		verbose(env, "bpf_timer cannot be used for PREEMPT_RT.\n");
+		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+	}
 	meta->map_uid = reg->map_uid;
 	meta->map_ptr = map;
 	return 0;
-- 
2.50.1

[PATCH bpf-next 2/2] selftests/bpf: Skip timer cases when bpf_timer is not supported

[Leon Hwang]

When enable CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT, verifier will reject bpf_timer with
returning -EOPNOTSUPP.

Therefore, skip test cases when errno is EOPNOTSUPP.

cd tools/testing/selftests/bpf
./test_progs -t timer
125     free_timer:SKIP
459     timer:SKIP
460/1   timer_crash/array:SKIP
460/2   timer_crash/hash:SKIP
460     timer_crash:SKIP
461     timer_lockup:SKIP
462     timer_mim:SKIP
Summary: 5/0 PASSED, 6 SKIPPED, 0 FAILED

Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/free_timer.c   | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer.c        | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_crash.c  | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_lockup.c | 4 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_mim.c    | 4 ++++
 5 files changed, 20 insertions(+)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/free_timer.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/free_timer.c
index b7b77a6b29799..0de8facca4c5b 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/free_timer.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/free_timer.c
@@ -124,6 +124,10 @@ void test_free_timer(void)
 	int err;
 
 	skel = free_timer__open_and_load();
+	if (!skel && errno == EOPNOTSUPP) {
+		test__skip();
+		return;
+	}
 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel, "open_load"))
 		return;
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer.c
index 049efb5e78239..86425939527c8 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer.c
@@ -87,6 +87,10 @@ void serial_test_timer(void)
 	int err;
 
 	timer_skel = timer__open_and_load();
+	if (!timer_skel && errno == EOPNOTSUPP) {
+		test__skip();
+		return;
+	}
 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(timer_skel, "timer_skel_load"))
 		return;
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_crash.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_crash.c
index f74b82305da8c..b841597c8a3a3 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_crash.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_crash.c
@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ static void test_timer_crash_mode(int mode)
 	struct timer_crash *skel;
 
 	skel = timer_crash__open_and_load();
+	if (!skel && errno == EOPNOTSUPP) {
+		test__skip();
+		return;
+	}
 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel, "timer_crash__open_and_load"))
 		return;
 	skel->bss->pid = getpid();
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_lockup.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_lockup.c
index 1a2f99596916f..eb303fa1e09af 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_lockup.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_lockup.c
@@ -59,6 +59,10 @@ void test_timer_lockup(void)
 	}
 
 	skel = timer_lockup__open_and_load();
+	if (!skel && errno == EOPNOTSUPP) {
+		test__skip();
+		return;
+	}
 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel, "timer_lockup__open_and_load"))
 		return;
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_mim.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_mim.c
index 9ff7843909e7d..c930c7d7105b9 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_mim.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/timer_mim.c
@@ -65,6 +65,10 @@ void serial_test_timer_mim(void)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	timer_skel = timer_mim__open_and_load();
+	if (!timer_skel && errno == EOPNOTSUPP) {
+		test__skip();
+		return;
+	}
 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(timer_skel, "timer_skel_load"))
 		goto cleanup;
 
-- 
2.50.1