[PATCH v3 0/2] drm/tiny: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller driver support

[PATCH v3 0/2] drm/tiny: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller driver support

[Adam Azuddin]

This series adds a new drm/tiny driver and matching dt-binding for the
RAiO RA8875 SPI display controller. An fbtft driver for this chip
currently exists at drivers/staging/fbtft/fb_ra8875.c, but fbtft is a
legacy fbdev-based staging driver, and nothing in mainline DRM
currently supports this controller.

This driver does not use drm_mipi_dbi. The RA8875 SPI protocol is
structurally incompatible with both Type C options drm_mipi_dbi supports.
Type C1 encodes command/data as a 9th bit within a 9-bit SPI word. The
RA8875 uses a full prefix byte (0x80 = command write, 0x00 = data write,
0x40 = data read, 0xC0 = status read) sent as a separate 8-bit transaction.
These are not the same thing and cannot be mapped to each other.
Type C3 models two transfer types via a D/CX GPIO. The RA8875 has four
transfer cycle types and no D/CX pin.

My ER-TFTM050-3 board has RST tied NC, and VDD is a fixed supply
set via an on-board solder jumper rather than software-controllable,
so I couldn't test reset-gpios/vdd-supply myself, but added them
as optional/required properties respectively per review feedback for boards that do need them.

Tested on a Raspberry Pi 3B connected over SPI to an East Rising
ER-TFTM050-3, a 5" 800x480 panel driven by the RA8875 in Linux 7.3.0-rc4.
Based on drm-misc-next (commit 7c4bda20eb0f150315d19f1b51058820e75d3f3d)

Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260916175942.3186804-1-azuddinadam@gmail.com/
Link to v2: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260924145400.1385815-1-azuddinadam@gmail.com/
---
Changes in v3:

Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml:
- Add gpio.h include in example to pass dt_binding_check
- Remove spi-max-frequency as there is no reference in datasheet

drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c:
- Remove debug-only ra8875_read_reg function
- Chunk large SPI transfers to 16 rows per chunk
- Remove unnecessary includes and spi cs setups in probe
- Create ra8875_write_pixels function for clear_screen and fb_dirty
- Use 2 spi writes instead of 1 write with 2 transfers and cs_change in write_reg

Changes in v2:

Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml (review by Krzysztof Kozlowski):
- Add hardware description to the binding
- Drop the display-timings property, and instead require it in the required block
- Add a required vdd-supply and an optional reset gpio property
- Rename the example node to a more generic "panel: display@0"

drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile and Kconfig:
- Remove TINYDRM prefix from the config name (Thomas Zimmermann [1])

drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c:
- Reformat device_id table to match current convention (Krzysztof Kozlowski)
- Drop unneeded linux/mod_devicetable.h include (Uwe Kleine-König)
- Use drm_dev_unplug() instead of drm_dev_unregister() in remove callback
- Move stack-allocated cmd/data buffers into ra8875_device struct
- Add mode_valid() callback to validate height/width against panel maximum
- Add optional reset gpio
- Use dev_err_probe() in probe function
- Remove connector detect callback
- Remove unnecessary |= on register write return value in hw_init
- Migrate from simple display pipe to manually-handled plane/crtc/encoder,
  following the simple-KMS-helper removal effort [2]
- Use defined constants instead of magic values where possible
- Use drm_atomic_helper_damage_merged() and drm_fb_swab() in plane update

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/fee2a743-d3e4-46b4-812f-05c3cc3a46ae@suse.de/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260705-drm-simple-kms-removal-v1-0-b4e1ca053623@oss.qualcomm.com/


Adam Azuddin (2):
  dt-bindings: display: panel: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller
  drm/tiny: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller driver

 .../bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml   |  77 ++
 .../devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml  |   2 +
 MAINTAINERS                                   |   6 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig                  |  13 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile                 |   1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c                 | 713 ++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 812 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml
 create mode 100644 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c

-- 
2.55.0

[PATCH v3 1/2] dt-bindings: display: panel: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller

[Adam Azuddin]

The binding is for SPI-connected RA8875 TFT display controller by RAiO
Technology Inc. It supports display resolutions of up to 800x480.

Assisted-by: LLM
Signed-off-by: Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>
---
 .../bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml   | 77 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml  |  2 +
 2 files changed, 79 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml

diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4283de927b13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
+%YAML 1.2
+---
+$id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml#
+$schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
+
+title: RAiO RA8875 Display Controller
+
+maintainers:
+  - Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>
+
+description:
+  The RA8875 is a TFT LCD controller for panels up to 800x480 pixels.
+  It can be connected to the controller via 8080/6800 parallel interface,
+  SPI or I2C. This binding describes the SPI-connected device.
+
+allOf:
+  - $ref: panel-common.yaml#
+  - $ref: /schemas/spi/spi-peripheral-props.yaml#
+
+properties:
+  compatible:
+    const: raio,ra8875
+
+  reg:
+    maxItems: 1
+
+  vdd-supply:
+    description:
+      3.3 V supply for the IO pins, the oscillator IO pins, the ADC pins
+      and the internal LDO. The 1.8 V core rail is generated internally.
+
+  reset-gpios:
+    description:
+      GPIO connected to the active-low RST# pin. Optional, since the board
+      may instead use an RC reset circuit.
+    maxItems: 1
+
+required:
+  - compatible
+  - reg
+  - display-timings
+  - vdd-supply
+
+unevaluatedProperties: false
+
+examples:
+  - |
+    #include <dt-bindings/gpio/gpio.h>
+
+    spi {
+        #address-cells = <1>;
+        #size-cells = <0>;
+
+        panel: display@0 {
+            compatible = "raio,ra8875";
+            reg = <0>;
+            spi-max-frequency = <16000000>;
+            vdd-supply = <&vcc_3v3>;
+            reset-gpios = <&gpio 25 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
+
+            display-timings {
+                native-mode = <&timing0>;
+                timing0: timing0 {
+                    clock-frequency = <25000000>;
+                    hactive = <800>;
+                    vactive = <480>;
+                    hfront-porch = <40>;
+                    hsync-len = <40>;
+                    hback-porch = <40>;
+                    vfront-porch = <10>;
+                    vsync-len = <10>;
+                    vback-porch = <20>;
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
index ba2002969373..99d5113fb035 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
@@ -1395,6 +1395,8 @@ patternProperties:
     description: Radxa
   "^raidsonic,.*":
     description: RaidSonic Technology GmbH
+  "^raio,.*":
+    description: RAiO Technology Inc.
   "^ralink,.*":
     description: Mediatek/Ralink Technology Corp.
   "^ramtron,.*":
-- 
2.55.0

[PATCH v3 2/2] drm/tiny: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller driver

[Adam Azuddin]

Add a DRM tiny driver for the RAiO RA8875 SPI-connected TFT display
controller. The driver supports display resolutions up to 800x480
and uses the GEM shmem helper for buffer management.

Assisted-by: LLM
Signed-off-by: Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>
---
 MAINTAINERS                   |   6 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig  |  13 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile |   1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c | 713 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 733 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index 4d108339f44e..0dfe8bbea97e 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -8449,6 +8449,12 @@ S:	Maintained
 F:	Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raydium,rm67191.yaml
 F:	drivers/gpu/drm/panel/panel-raydium-rm67191.c
 
+DRM DRIVER FOR RAIO RA8875 PANELS
+M:	Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>
+S:	Maintained
+F:	Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml
+F:	drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c
+
 DRM DRIVER FOR SAMSUNG DB7430 PANELS
 M:	Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>
 S:	Maintained
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig
index f0e72d4b6a47..7901ffce490b 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig
@@ -195,6 +195,19 @@ config TINYDRM_REPAPER
 
 	  If M is selected the module will be called repaper.
 
+config DRM_RA8875
+	tristate "DRM support for RA8875 display panels"
+	depends on DRM && SPI
+	select DRM_CLIENT_SELECTION
+	select DRM_KMS_HELPER
+	select DRM_GEM_SHMEM_HELPER
+	select VIDEOMODE_HELPERS
+	help
+	  DRM driver for the following RAiO RA8875 based LCD panels:
+	  * East Rising 5.00" TFT LCD (ER-TFTM070-5V4)
+
+	  If M is selected the module will be called ra8875.
+
 config TINYDRM_SHARP_MEMORY
 	tristate "DRM support for Sharp Memory LCD panels"
 	depends on DRM && SPI
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile
index 48d30bf6152f..ed4602097fbb 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile
@@ -14,4 +14,5 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_TINYDRM_ILI9341)		+= ili9341.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_TINYDRM_ILI9486)		+= ili9486.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_TINYDRM_MI0283QT)		+= mi0283qt.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_TINYDRM_REPAPER)		+= repaper.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_RA8875)		+= ra8875.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_TINYDRM_SHARP_MEMORY)	+= sharp-memory.o
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d990d052e947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c
@@ -0,0 +1,713 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
+/*
+ * DRM driver for RAiO ra8875 controller
+ *
+ * Copyright 2026 Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>
+ */
+
+#include "linux/gfp_types.h"
+#include <linux/array_size.h>
+#include <linux/bits.h>
+#include <linux/container_of.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/dev_printk.h>
+#include <linux/device/devres.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/iosys-map.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/spi/spi.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <video/of_display_timing.h>
+#include <video/of_videomode.h>
+#include <video/videomode.h>
+
+#include <drm/clients/drm_client_setup.h>
+#include <drm/drm_atomic_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_atomic.h>
+#include <drm/drm_connector.h>
+#include <drm/drm_damage_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_device.h>
+#include <drm/drm_drv.h>
+#include <drm/drm_fbdev_shmem.h>
+#include <drm/drm_framebuffer.h>
+#include <drm/drm_gem.h>
+#include <drm/drm_gem_atomic_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_managed.h>
+#include <drm/drm_mode.h>
+#include <drm/drm_mode_config.h>
+#include <drm/drm_modes.h>
+#include <drm/drm_probe_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_print.h>
+
+#define RA8875_TXBUF_ROWS	 16
+#define RA8875_CMD_DATA_BUF_SIZE 2
+
+#define RA8875_RESET_WAIT_MS 10 /* datasheet min: 1 ms after RST# rises */
+#define RA8875_MAX_WIDTH     800
+#define RA8875_MAX_HEIGHT    480
+
+#define RA8875_DATAWRITE	 0x00
+#define RA8875_CMDWRITE		 0x80
+#define RA8875_CMDREAD		 0xC0
+#define RA8875_PWRR		 0x01
+#define RA8875_PWRR_DISPON	 BIT(7)
+#define RA8875_PWRR_DISPOFF	 0x00
+#define RA8875_PWRR_SOFTRST	 BIT(0)
+#define RA8875_MRWC		 0x02
+#define RA8875_PLLC1		 0x88
+#define RA8875_PLLC1_PLLDIVN_11	 0x0B
+#define RA8875_PLLC2		 0x89
+#define RA8875_PLLC2_DIVK_4	 0x02
+#define RA8875_SYSR		 0x10
+#define RA8875_SYSR_16BPP	 0x0C
+#define RA8875_PCSR		 0x04
+#define RA8875_PCSR_PCLK_INV	 BIT(7) /* PDAT at falling edge */
+#define RA8875_PCSR_2CLK	 0x01
+#define RA8875_HDWR		 0x14
+#define RA8875_HNDFTR		 0x15
+#define RA8875_HNDFTR_HNDFT(n)	 ((n) & GENMASK(3, 0)) /* fine tune, 2px/step */
+#define RA8875_HNDR		 0x16
+#define RA8875_HSTR		 0x17
+#define RA8875_HPWR		 0x18
+#define RA8875_VDHR0		 0x19
+#define RA8875_VDHR1		 0x1A
+#define RA8875_VNDR0		 0x1B
+#define RA8875_VNDR1		 0x1C
+#define RA8875_VSTR0		 0x1D
+#define RA8875_VSTR1		 0x1E
+#define RA8875_VPWR		 0x1F
+#define RA8875_HSAW0		 0x30
+#define RA8875_HSAW1		 0x31
+#define RA8875_VSAW0		 0x32
+#define RA8875_VSAW1		 0x33
+#define RA8875_HEAW0		 0x34
+#define RA8875_HEAW1		 0x35
+#define RA8875_VEAW0		 0x36
+#define RA8875_VEAW1		 0x37
+#define RA8875_MWCR0		 0x40
+#define RA8875_MWCR0_GFXMODE	 0x00
+#define RA8875_MWCR0_LRTD	 0x00
+#define RA8875_CURH0		 0x46
+#define RA8875_CURH1		 0x47
+#define RA8875_CURV0		 0x48
+#define RA8875_CURV1		 0x49
+#define RA8875_P1CR		 0x8A
+#define RA8875_P1CR_ENABLE	 BIT(7)
+#define RA8875_P1CR_DISABLE	 0x00
+#define RA8875_P1CR_SYS_CLK_DIV2 0x01
+#define RA8875_P1DCR		 0x8B
+#define RA8875_P1DCR_FULL	 0xFF
+#define RA8875_P1DCR_HALF	 0x80
+#define RA8875_P1DCR_MIN	 0x00
+
+DEFINE_DRM_GEM_FOPS(ra8875_fops);
+
+struct ra8875_device {
+	struct drm_device drm;
+	struct spi_device *spi;
+	struct gpio_desc *rst_gpio;
+	struct drm_crtc crtc;
+	struct drm_plane plane;
+	struct drm_encoder encoder;
+	struct drm_connector connector;
+	struct drm_display_mode mode;
+	u8 cmd_buf[RA8875_CMD_DATA_BUF_SIZE];
+	u8 data_buf[RA8875_CMD_DATA_BUF_SIZE];
+	u8 *txbuf;
+};
+
+static const struct drm_mode_config_funcs ra8875_modeconfig_funcs = {
+	.fb_create = drm_gem_fb_create_with_dirty,
+	.atomic_check = drm_atomic_helper_check,
+	.atomic_commit = drm_atomic_helper_commit,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_connector_funcs ra8875_connector_funcs = {
+	.fill_modes = drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes,
+	.reset = drm_atomic_helper_connector_reset,
+	.atomic_duplicate_state = drm_atomic_helper_connector_duplicate_state,
+	.atomic_destroy_state = drm_atomic_helper_connector_destroy_state,
+};
+
+static int ra8875_connector_get_modes(struct drm_connector *connector)
+{
+	struct ra8875_device *ra8875 =
+		container_of(connector, struct ra8875_device, connector);
+
+	return drm_connector_helper_get_modes_fixed(connector, &ra8875->mode);
+}
+
+static const struct drm_connector_helper_funcs ra8875_connector_helper_funcs = {
+	.get_modes = ra8875_connector_get_modes
+};
+
+static int ra8875_write_reg(struct ra8875_device *ra8875, u8 reg, u8 val)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ra8875->cmd_buf[0] = RA8875_CMDWRITE;
+	ra8875->cmd_buf[1] = reg;
+	ret = spi_write(ra8875->spi, ra8875->cmd_buf, 2);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err;
+
+	ra8875->data_buf[0] = RA8875_DATAWRITE;
+	ra8875->data_buf[1] = val;
+	ret = spi_write(ra8875->spi, ra8875->data_buf, 2);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err;
+
+	return 0;
+err:
+	dev_err(&ra8875->spi->dev,
+		"write_reg(0x%02x, 0x%02x) failed: %d\n", reg, val, ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int ra8875_write_pixels(struct ra8875_device *ra8875, size_t len)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ra8875->cmd_buf[0] = RA8875_CMDWRITE;
+	ra8875->cmd_buf[1] = RA8875_MRWC;
+	ret = spi_write(ra8875->spi, ra8875->cmd_buf, 2);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	return spi_write(ra8875->spi, ra8875->txbuf, 1 + len);
+}
+
+static int ra8875_hw_init(struct ra8875_device *ra8875,
+			  struct drm_display_mode *mode)
+{
+	u8 hdwr, hndr, hstr, hpwr, vpwr;
+	u16 vdhr, vndr, vstr;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (ra8875->rst_gpio) {
+		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(ra8875->rst_gpio, 1);
+		usleep_range(1000, 1200);
+		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(ra8875->rst_gpio, 0);
+		msleep(RA8875_RESET_WAIT_MS);
+	}
+
+	/* Soft Reset Sequence */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_PWRR, RA8875_PWRR_SOFTRST);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	usleep_range(1000, 2000);
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_PWRR, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* PLL */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_PLLC1, RA8875_PLLC1_PLLDIVN_11);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	usleep_range(200, 500);
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_PLLC2, RA8875_PLLC2_DIVK_4);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	usleep_range(200, 500);
+
+	/* PCLK period = 2x System Clock period */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_PCSR, RA8875_PCSR_PCLK_INV | RA8875_PCSR_2CLK);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* 16bpp, 8-bit MCU interface */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_SYSR, RA8875_SYSR_16BPP);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	usleep_range(1000, 2000);
+
+	/* Graphics mode, left-to-right top-to-down write direction */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_MWCR0,
+			       RA8875_MWCR0_GFXMODE | RA8875_MWCR0_LRTD);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* Horizontal timing */
+	hdwr = (mode->hdisplay / 8) - 1;
+	hndr = ((mode->htotal - mode->hdisplay) / 8) - 1;
+	hstr = ((mode->hsync_start - mode->hdisplay) / 8) - 1;
+	hpwr = ((mode->hsync_end - mode->hsync_start) / 8) - 1;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HDWR, hdwr);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HNDFTR, RA8875_HNDFTR_HNDFT(0));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HNDR, hndr);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HSTR, hstr);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HPWR, hpwr);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* Vertical timing */
+	vdhr = mode->vdisplay - 1;
+	vndr = mode->vtotal - mode->vdisplay - 1;
+	vstr = mode->vsync_start - mode->vdisplay - 1;
+	vpwr = mode->vsync_end - mode->vsync_start - 1;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VDHR0, vdhr & 0xFF);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VDHR1, (vdhr >> 8) & 0x01);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VNDR0, vndr & 0xFF);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VNDR1, (vndr >> 8) & 0x01);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VSTR0, vstr & 0xFF);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VSTR1, (vstr >> 8) & 0x01);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VPWR, vpwr);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* PWM1: enabled, PWM output, full brightness */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_P1CR,
+			 RA8875_P1CR_ENABLE | RA8875_P1CR_SYS_CLK_DIV2);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_P1DCR, RA8875_P1DCR_FULL);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	usleep_range(10000, 11000);
+
+	/* Display on */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_PWRR, RA8875_PWRR_DISPON);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	usleep_range(10000, 11000);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ra8875_clear_screen(struct ra8875_device *ra8875,
+			       struct drm_display_mode *mode)
+{
+	int width = mode->hdisplay;
+	int height = mode->vdisplay;
+	int y, rows, ret;
+	u8 *txbuf = ra8875->txbuf;
+	int rows_per_chunk = RA8875_TXBUF_ROWS;
+
+	/* Set active window to full screen */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HSAW0, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HSAW1, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VSAW0, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VSAW1, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HEAW0, (width - 1) & 0xFF);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HEAW1, ((width - 1) >> 8) & 0x03);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VEAW0, (height - 1) & 0xFF);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VEAW1,
+			       ((height - 1) >> 8) & 0x01);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* Set cursor to 0,0 */
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURH0, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURH1, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURV0, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURV1, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	memset(txbuf, 0, 1 + rows_per_chunk * width * 2);
+	txbuf[0] = RA8875_DATAWRITE;
+
+	for (y = 0; y < height; y += rows) {
+		rows = min(rows_per_chunk, height - y);
+		ra8875_write_pixels(ra8875, 1 + rows * width * 2);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void ra8875_crtc_atomic_enable(struct drm_crtc *crtc, struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	struct ra8875_device *ra8875 =
+		container_of(crtc->dev, struct ra8875_device, drm);
+	struct drm_crtc_state *crtc_state =
+		drm_atomic_get_new_crtc_state(state, crtc);
+	struct drm_display_mode *mode = &crtc_state->mode;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = ra8875_hw_init(ra8875, mode);
+	if (ret) {
+		drm_err(&ra8875->drm, "Failed to initialize hardware\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	ret = ra8875_clear_screen(ra8875, mode);
+	if (ret) {
+		drm_err(&ra8875->drm, "Failed to clear screen\n");
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+static void ra8875_crtc_atomic_disable(struct drm_crtc *crtc, struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	struct ra8875_device *ra8875 =
+		container_of(crtc->dev, struct ra8875_device, drm);
+
+	ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_P1CR, RA8875_P1CR_DISABLE);
+	ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_P1DCR, RA8875_P1DCR_MIN);
+
+	ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_PWRR, RA8875_PWRR_DISPOFF);
+}
+
+static void ra8875_fb_dirty(struct ra8875_device *ra8875, struct iosys_map *src,
+			    struct drm_framebuffer *fb, struct drm_rect *rect)
+{
+	unsigned int width = drm_rect_width(rect);
+	int rows = 0;
+	struct iosys_map dst;
+	struct drm_format_conv_state fmtcnv_state = DRM_FORMAT_CONV_STATE_INIT;
+
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HSAW0, rect->x1 & 0xFF))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HSAW1, (rect->x1 >> 8) & 0x03))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VSAW0, rect->y1 & 0xFF))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VSAW1, (rect->y1 >> 8) & 0x01))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HEAW0, (rect->x2 - 1) & 0xFF))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_HEAW1, ((rect->x2 - 1) >> 8) & 0x03))
+		goto err;
+
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VEAW0, (rect->y2 - 1) & 0xFF))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_VEAW1, ((rect->y2 - 1) >> 8) & 0x01))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURH0, rect->x1 & 0xFF))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURH1, (rect->x1 >> 8) & 0x03))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURV0, rect->y1 & 0xFF))
+		goto err;
+	if (ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURV1, (rect->y1 >> 8) & 0x01))
+		goto err;
+
+	for (int y = rect->y1; y < rect->y2; y += rows) {
+		struct drm_rect chunk;
+
+		rows = min(RA8875_TXBUF_ROWS, rect->y2 - y);
+		chunk = DRM_RECT_INIT(rect->x1, y, width, rows);
+
+		iosys_map_set_vaddr(&dst, ra8875->txbuf + 1);
+		drm_fb_swab(&dst, NULL, src, fb, &chunk, false, &fmtcnv_state);
+
+		ra8875_write_pixels(ra8875, 1 + rows * width * 2);
+	}
+
+	drm_format_conv_state_release(&fmtcnv_state);
+	return;
+err:
+	drm_format_conv_state_release(&fmtcnv_state);
+	dev_err_once(fb->dev->dev, "Failed to update display\n");
+}
+
+static void ra8875_plane_atomic_update(struct drm_plane *plane, struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	struct ra8875_device *ra8875 = container_of(plane->dev, struct ra8875_device, drm);
+	struct drm_plane_state *old_plane_state = drm_atomic_get_old_plane_state(state, plane);
+	struct drm_plane_state *plane_state = drm_atomic_get_new_plane_state(state, plane);
+	struct drm_shadow_plane_state *shadow_plane_state = to_drm_shadow_plane_state(plane_state);
+	struct drm_framebuffer *fb = plane_state->fb;
+	struct drm_rect rect;
+	struct iosys_map *map = &shadow_plane_state->data[0];
+	int idx;
+
+	if (!drm_dev_enter(&ra8875->drm, &idx))
+		return;
+
+	if (iosys_map_is_null(map)) {
+		drm_err(&ra8875->drm, "Shadow map is null\n");
+		goto exit;
+	}
+	if (drm_atomic_helper_damage_merged(old_plane_state, plane_state, &rect))
+		ra8875_fb_dirty(ra8875, map, fb, &rect);
+exit:
+	drm_dev_exit(idx);
+}
+
+static enum drm_mode_status ra8875_mode_valid(struct drm_crtc *crtc,
+					      const struct drm_display_mode *mode)
+{
+	if (mode->hdisplay % 8 != 0 || mode->hsync_start % 8 != 0 ||
+	    mode->hsync_end % 8 != 0 || mode->htotal % 8 != 0) {
+		drm_dbg_kms(crtc->dev,
+		   "mode timings must be 8-pixel aligned (hdisplay=%d hsync_start=%d hsync_end=%d htotal=%d)\n",
+			    mode->hdisplay, mode->hsync_start, mode->hsync_end, mode->htotal);
+		return MODE_H_ILLEGAL;
+	}
+	return MODE_OK;
+}
+
+static int ra8875_plane_atomic_check(struct drm_plane *plane, struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	struct drm_plane_state *new_plane_state = drm_atomic_get_new_plane_state(state, plane);
+	struct drm_crtc_state *crtc_state;
+
+	if (!new_plane_state->crtc)
+		return 0;
+
+	crtc_state = drm_atomic_get_new_crtc_state(state, new_plane_state->crtc);
+	if (!crtc_state)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return drm_atomic_helper_check_plane_state(new_plane_state, crtc_state,
+						   DRM_PLANE_NO_SCALING,
+						   DRM_PLANE_NO_SCALING,
+						   false, true);
+}
+
+static const u32 ra8875_formats[] = {
+	DRM_FORMAT_RGB565,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_encoder_funcs ra8875_encoder_funcs_cleanup = {
+	.destroy = drm_encoder_cleanup,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_crtc_funcs ra8875_crtc_funcs = {
+	.atomic_create_state = drm_atomic_helper_crtc_create_state,
+	.destroy = drm_crtc_cleanup,
+	.set_config = drm_atomic_helper_set_config,
+	.page_flip = drm_atomic_helper_page_flip,
+	.atomic_duplicate_state = drm_atomic_helper_crtc_duplicate_state,
+	.atomic_destroy_state = drm_atomic_helper_crtc_destroy_state,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_crtc_helper_funcs ra8875_crtc_helper_funcs = {
+	.mode_valid = ra8875_mode_valid,
+	.atomic_enable = ra8875_crtc_atomic_enable,
+	.atomic_disable = ra8875_crtc_atomic_disable,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_plane_funcs ra8875_plane_funcs = {
+	.update_plane = drm_atomic_helper_update_plane,
+	.disable_plane = drm_atomic_helper_disable_plane,
+	.destroy = drm_plane_cleanup,
+	DRM_GEM_SHADOW_PLANE_FUNCS,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_plane_helper_funcs ra8875_plane_helper_funcs = {
+	.prepare_fb = drm_gem_plane_helper_prepare_fb,
+	.begin_fb_access = drm_gem_begin_shadow_fb_access,
+	.end_fb_access = drm_gem_end_shadow_fb_access,
+	.atomic_check = ra8875_plane_atomic_check,
+	.atomic_update = ra8875_plane_atomic_update,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_driver ra8875_driver = {
+	.driver_features = DRIVER_GEM | DRIVER_MODESET | DRIVER_ATOMIC,
+	DRM_GEM_SHMEM_DRIVER_OPS,
+	DRM_FBDEV_SHMEM_DRIVER_OPS,
+	.fops = &ra8875_fops,
+	.name = "ra8875",
+	.desc = "RAiO RA8875",
+	.major = 1,
+	.minor = 0,
+};
+
+static const struct of_device_id ra8875_of_match[] = {
+	{ .compatible = "raio,ra8875" },
+	{ }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, ra8875_of_match);
+
+static const struct spi_device_id ra8875_id[] = {
+	{ "ra8875", 0 },
+	{ }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(spi, ra8875_id);
+
+static int ra8875_probe(struct spi_device *spi)
+{
+	struct device *dev = &spi->dev;
+	struct ra8875_device *ra8875;
+	struct drm_connector *connector;
+	struct drm_device *drm;
+	struct videomode vm;
+	int ret;
+	size_t buf_size;
+
+	ra8875 = devm_drm_dev_alloc(dev, &ra8875_driver, struct ra8875_device,
+				    drm);
+
+	if (IS_ERR(ra8875))
+		return PTR_ERR(ra8875);
+
+	drm = &ra8875->drm;
+	connector = &ra8875->connector;
+
+	ra8875->rst_gpio = devm_gpiod_get_optional(dev, "reset", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
+	if (IS_ERR(ra8875->rst_gpio))
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, PTR_ERR(ra8875->rst_gpio),
+			     "failed to get reset GPIO\n");
+
+	ra8875->spi = spi;
+
+	spi->mode = SPI_MODE_0;
+
+	ret = spi_setup(spi);
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to setup SPI\n");
+
+	buf_size = 1 + RA8875_TXBUF_ROWS * RA8875_MAX_WIDTH * 2;
+	ra8875->txbuf = devm_kzalloc(&spi->dev, buf_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ra8875->txbuf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	ret = of_get_videomode(dev->of_node, &vm, OF_USE_NATIVE_MODE);
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to get videomode\n");
+	drm_display_mode_from_videomode(&vm, &ra8875->mode);
+
+	if (!ra8875->mode.hdisplay || !ra8875->mode.vdisplay ||
+	    ra8875->mode.hdisplay > RA8875_MAX_WIDTH ||
+	    ra8875->mode.vdisplay > RA8875_MAX_HEIGHT)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, -EINVAL,
+				"Invalid display size %ux%u from device tree\n",
+				     ra8875->mode.hdisplay, ra8875->mode.vdisplay);
+
+	ra8875->mode.type = DRM_MODE_TYPE_DRIVER | DRM_MODE_TYPE_PREFERRED;
+
+	drm_mode_set_name(&ra8875->mode);
+	ret = drmm_mode_config_init(drm);
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to initialize mode config\n");
+
+	drm->mode_config.min_width = ra8875->mode.hdisplay;
+	drm->mode_config.max_width = ra8875->mode.hdisplay;
+	drm->mode_config.min_height = ra8875->mode.vdisplay;
+	drm->mode_config.max_height = ra8875->mode.vdisplay;
+
+	drm->mode_config.funcs = &ra8875_modeconfig_funcs;
+
+	drm_connector_helper_add(connector, &ra8875_connector_helper_funcs);
+	ret = drmm_connector_init(drm, connector, &ra8875_connector_funcs,
+				  DRM_MODE_CONNECTOR_SPI, NULL);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to init connector:\n");
+
+	drm_plane_helper_add(&ra8875->plane, &ra8875_plane_helper_funcs);
+	ret = drm_universal_plane_init(drm, &ra8875->plane, 0,
+				       &ra8875_plane_funcs,
+				       ra8875_formats, ARRAY_SIZE(ra8875_formats),
+				       NULL,
+				       DRM_PLANE_TYPE_PRIMARY, NULL);
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to initialize plane\n");
+
+	drm_crtc_helper_add(&ra8875->crtc, &ra8875_crtc_helper_funcs);
+	ret = drm_crtc_init_with_planes(drm, &ra8875->crtc, &ra8875->plane, NULL,
+					&ra8875_crtc_funcs, NULL);
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to initialize CRTC with planes\n");
+
+	ra8875->encoder.possible_crtcs = drm_crtc_mask(&ra8875->crtc);
+	ret = drm_encoder_init(drm, &ra8875->encoder, &ra8875_encoder_funcs_cleanup,
+			       DRM_MODE_ENCODER_NONE, NULL);
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to initialize encoder\n");
+
+	ret = drm_connector_attach_encoder(connector, &ra8875->encoder);
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to attach connector to encoder\n");
+
+	drm_plane_enable_fb_damage_clips(&ra8875->plane);
+
+	spi_set_drvdata(spi, drm);
+	drm_mode_config_reset(drm);
+
+	ret = drm_dev_register(drm, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to register device\n");
+
+	drm_client_setup(drm, drm_format_info(DRM_FORMAT_RGB565));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void ra8875_remove(struct spi_device *spi)
+{
+	struct drm_device *drm = spi_get_drvdata(spi);
+
+	drm_dev_unplug(drm);
+	drm_atomic_helper_shutdown(drm);
+}
+
+static void ra8875_shutdown(struct spi_device *spi)
+{
+	drm_atomic_helper_shutdown(spi_get_drvdata(spi));
+}
+
+static struct spi_driver ra8875_spi_driver = {
+	.driver = {
+		.name = "ra8875",
+		.of_match_table = ra8875_of_match,
+	},
+	.id_table = ra8875_id,
+	.probe = ra8875_probe,
+	.remove = ra8875_remove,
+	.shutdown = ra8875_shutdown,
+};
+module_spi_driver(ra8875_spi_driver);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("RAiO RA8875 DRM driver");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
-- 
2.55.0

Re: [PATCH v3 2/2] drm/tiny: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller driver

[sashiko-bot]

Thank you for your contribution! Sashiko AI review found 6 potential issue(s) to consider:
- [High] drm/tiny: ra8875: sleeping functions called in atomic context
- [High] drm/tiny: ra8875: out-of-bounds DMA read due to double len increment
- [High] drm/tiny: ra8875: heap buffer overflow in ra8875_clear_screen
- [Medium] drm/tiny: ra8875: unsafe DMA from unaligned struct members
- [Low] drm/tiny: ra8875: spurious "Shadow map is null" error on plane disable
- [Low] drm/tiny: ra8875: missing error check on ra8875_write_pixels
--

commit a60dff365b1d365d54b1d95db3b3bdf06cf4d8be
Author: Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>

drm/tiny: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller driver

This commit adds a DRM tiny driver for the RAiO RA8875 SPI-connected TFT
display controller. It supports display resolutions up to 800x480 and uses
the GEM shmem helper for buffer management.

> diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000000000..d990d052e9477
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/ra8875.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,713 @@

[ ... ]

> +struct ra8875_device {
> +	struct drm_device drm;
> +	struct spi_device *spi;
> +	struct gpio_desc *rst_gpio;
> +	struct drm_crtc crtc;
> +	struct drm_plane plane;
> +	struct drm_encoder encoder;
> +	struct drm_connector connector;
> +	struct drm_display_mode mode;
> +	u8 cmd_buf[RA8875_CMD_DATA_BUF_SIZE];
> +	u8 data_buf[RA8875_CMD_DATA_BUF_SIZE];

[Severity: Medium]
Is it safe to use these inline arrays for DMA? 

According to kernel DMA rules, buffers mapped for DMA must not share a
cacheline with other variables. Concurrent CPU accesses to adjacent members
in the structure (such as userspace reading mode properties) during an
ongoing SPI DMA transfer might cause cacheline bouncing and silent data
corruption. Should these arrays have cacheline alignment attributes or be
allocated separately?

> +	u8 *txbuf;
> +};

[ ... ]

> +static int ra8875_write_pixels(struct ra8875_device *ra8875, size_t len)
> +{
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	ra8875->cmd_buf[0] = RA8875_CMDWRITE;
> +	ra8875->cmd_buf[1] = RA8875_MRWC;
> +	ret = spi_write(ra8875->spi, ra8875->cmd_buf, 2);
> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +	return spi_write(ra8875->spi, ra8875->txbuf, 1 + len);

[Severity: High]
Does this length calculation cause an out-of-bounds DMA read? 

The callers (ra8875_clear_screen() and ra8875_fb_dirty()) already account
for the 1-byte command header when calculating the len argument. For example,
they pass '1 + rows * width * 2'. This double-addition appears to cause the
requested SPI transfer size to be 1 byte larger than intended, which can
exceed the fixed heap allocation of txbuf.

> +}
> +
> +static int ra8875_hw_init(struct ra8875_device *ra8875,
> +			  struct drm_display_mode *mode)
> +{
> +	u8 hdwr, hndr, hstr, hpwr, vpwr;
> +	u16 vdhr, vndr, vstr;
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	if (ra8875->rst_gpio) {
> +		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(ra8875->rst_gpio, 1);
> +		usleep_range(1000, 1200);
> +		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(ra8875->rst_gpio, 0);
> +		msleep(RA8875_RESET_WAIT_MS);
> +	}

[Severity: High]
Can these sleeping functions be called safely here? 

This hardware initialization routine is invoked by ra8875_crtc_atomic_enable(),
which runs in atomic context. Calling msleep(), usleep_range(), or 
gpiod_set_value_cansleep() in an atomic context causes kernel warnings and
potential deadlocks. Note that synchronous spi_write() is also used throughout
these atomic callbacks, which similarly sleeps.

[ ... ]

> +static int ra8875_clear_screen(struct ra8875_device *ra8875,
> +			       struct drm_display_mode *mode)
> +{
> +	int width = mode->hdisplay;
> +	int height = mode->vdisplay;
> +	int y, rows, ret;
> +	u8 *txbuf = ra8875->txbuf;
> +	int rows_per_chunk = RA8875_TXBUF_ROWS;

[ ... ]

> +	ret = ra8875_write_reg(ra8875, RA8875_CURV1, 0);
> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +	memset(txbuf, 0, 1 + rows_per_chunk * width * 2);

[Severity: High]
Does this risk a heap buffer overflow? 

The width parameter is derived from mode->hdisplay. Since ra8875_mode_valid()
does not restrict the maximum width, a maliciously large hdisplay (e.g., 1600)
could cause this memset to exceed the fixed txbuf allocation bounds and corrupt
kernel memory.

> +	txbuf[0] = RA8875_DATAWRITE;
> +
> +	for (y = 0; y < height; y += rows) {
> +		rows = min(rows_per_chunk, height - y);
> +		ra8875_write_pixels(ra8875, 1 + rows * width * 2);
> +	}
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}

[ ... ]

> +static void ra8875_fb_dirty(struct ra8875_device *ra8875, struct iosys_map *src,
> +			    struct drm_framebuffer *fb, struct drm_rect *rect)
> +{

[ ... ]

> +	for (int y = rect->y1; y < rect->y2; y += rows) {
> +		struct drm_rect chunk;
> +
> +		rows = min(RA8875_TXBUF_ROWS, rect->y2 - y);
> +		chunk = DRM_RECT_INIT(rect->x1, y, width, rows);
> +
> +		iosys_map_set_vaddr(&dst, ra8875->txbuf + 1);
> +		drm_fb_swab(&dst, NULL, src, fb, &chunk, false, &fmtcnv_state);
> +
> +		ra8875_write_pixels(ra8875, 1 + rows * width * 2);

[Severity: Low]
Is it intentional that the integer return value of ra8875_write_pixels()
is ignored here? 

If an SPI bus error occurs, the driver will blindly continue to iterate and
attempt to write subsequent chunks, hiding the failure from the kernel log.

> +	}
> +
> +	drm_format_conv_state_release(&fmtcnv_state);
> +	return;

[ ... ]

> +static void ra8875_plane_atomic_update(struct drm_plane *plane, struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
> +{
> +	struct ra8875_device *ra8875 = container_of(plane->dev, struct ra8875_device, drm);
> +	struct drm_plane_state *old_plane_state = drm_atomic_get_old_plane_state(state, plane);
> +	struct drm_plane_state *plane_state = drm_atomic_get_new_plane_state(state, plane);
> +	struct drm_shadow_plane_state *shadow_plane_state = to_drm_shadow_plane_state(plane_state);
> +	struct drm_framebuffer *fb = plane_state->fb;
> +	struct drm_rect rect;
> +	struct iosys_map *map = &shadow_plane_state->data[0];
> +	int idx;
> +
> +	if (!drm_dev_enter(&ra8875->drm, &idx))
> +		return;
> +
> +	if (iosys_map_is_null(map)) {
> +		drm_err(&ra8875->drm, "Shadow map is null\n");

[Severity: Low]
Will this unconditionally log a spurious error for standard plane disable
operations? 

Since the driver does not implement the atomic_disable hook, the core falls
back to calling atomic_update() with a NULL framebuffer when disabling the
plane. 

> +		goto exit;
> +	}
> +	if (drm_atomic_helper_damage_merged(old_plane_state, plane_state, &rect))
> +		ra8875_fb_dirty(ra8875, map, fb, &rect);
> +exit:
> +	drm_dev_exit(idx);
> +}

-- 
Sashiko AI review · https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20261001144128.2336301-1-azuddinadam@gmail.com?part=2

Re: [PATCH v3 1/2] dt-bindings: display: panel: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller

[Conor Dooley]

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On Thu, Oct 01, 2026 at 10:41:25PM +0800, Adam Azuddin wrote:
> The binding is for SPI-connected RA8875 TFT display controller by RAiO
> Technology Inc. It supports display resolutions of up to 800x480.
> 
> Assisted-by: LLM
> Signed-off-by: Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>
> ---
>  .../bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml   | 77 +++++++++++++++++++
>  .../devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml  |  2 +
>  2 files changed, 79 insertions(+)
>  create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..4283de927b13
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml
> @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
> +# SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
> +%YAML 1.2
> +---
> +$id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/display/panel/raio,ra8875.yaml#
> +$schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
> +
> +title: RAiO RA8875 Display Controller
> +
> +maintainers:
> +  - Adam Azuddin <azuddinadam@gmail.com>
> +
> +description:
> +  The RA8875 is a TFT LCD controller for panels up to 800x480 pixels.
> +  It can be connected to the controller via 8080/6800 parallel interface,
> +  SPI or I2C. This binding describes the SPI-connected device.

This binding describes all three, or at least it should describe both
i2c and spi in the current state. I have no idea what the parallel
interfaces look like in dt, but if what you've got covers spi it should
also cover i2c. Probably remove this last sentence.
pw-bot: changes-requested

> +
> +allOf:
> +  - $ref: panel-common.yaml#
> +  - $ref: /schemas/spi/spi-peripheral-props.yaml#
> +
> +properties:
> +  compatible:
> +    const: raio,ra8875
> +
> +  reg:
> +    maxItems: 1
> +
> +  vdd-supply:
> +    description:
> +      3.3 V supply for the IO pins, the oscillator IO pins, the ADC pins
> +      and the internal LDO. The 1.8 V core rail is generated internally.
> +
> +  reset-gpios:
> +    description:
> +      GPIO connected to the active-low RST# pin. Optional, since the board
> +      may instead use an RC reset circuit.
> +    maxItems: 1
> +
> +required:
> +  - compatible
> +  - reg
> +  - display-timings
> +  - vdd-supply
> +
> +unevaluatedProperties: false
> +
> +examples:
> +  - |
> +    #include <dt-bindings/gpio/gpio.h>
> +
> +    spi {
> +        #address-cells = <1>;
> +        #size-cells = <0>;
> +
> +        panel: display@0 {

Drop the unused panel label if there's a respin.

> +            compatible = "raio,ra8875";
> +            reg = <0>;
> +            spi-max-frequency = <16000000>;
> +            vdd-supply = <&vcc_3v3>;
> +            reset-gpios = <&gpio 25 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
> +
> +            display-timings {
> +                native-mode = <&timing0>;
> +                timing0: timing0 {
> +                    clock-frequency = <25000000>;
> +                    hactive = <800>;
> +                    vactive = <480>;
> +                    hfront-porch = <40>;
> +                    hsync-len = <40>;
> +                    hback-porch = <40>;
> +                    vfront-porch = <10>;
> +                    vsync-len = <10>;
> +                    vback-porch = <20>;
> +                };
> +            };
> +        };
> +    };
> diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
> index ba2002969373..99d5113fb035 100644
> --- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
> +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
> @@ -1395,6 +1395,8 @@ patternProperties:
>      description: Radxa
>    "^raidsonic,.*":
>      description: RaidSonic Technology GmbH
> +  "^raio,.*":
> +    description: RAiO Technology Inc.
>    "^ralink,.*":
>      description: Mediatek/Ralink Technology Corp.
>    "^ramtron,.*":
> -- 
> 2.55.0
> 

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Re: [PATCH v3 1/2] dt-bindings: display: panel: Add RAiO RA8875 display controller

[Adam Azuddin]

On Thu, Oct 01, 2026 at 07:54:19PM +0100, Conor Dooley wrote:
> On Thu, Oct 01, 2026 at 10:41:25PM +0800, Adam Azuddin wrote:
> > +description:
> > +  The RA8875 is a TFT LCD controller for panels up to 800x480 pixels.
> > +  It can be connected to the controller via 8080/6800 parallel interface,
> > +  SPI or I2C. This binding describes the SPI-connected device.
> 
> This binding describes all three, or at least it should describe both
> i2c and spi in the current state. I have no idea what the parallel
> interfaces look like in dt, but if what you've got covers spi it should
> also cover i2c. Probably remove this last sentence.
> pw-bot: changes-requested

Understood, I'll drop that last sentence.

> > +        panel: display@0 {
> 
> Drop the unused panel label if there's a respin.

Will do.

Thanks for the review,
Adam