From: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
To: sashiko-reviews@lists.linux.dev
Cc: Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org>,
kvmarm@lists.linux.dev, kvm@vger.kernel.org,
Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>,
Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>,
"linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org"
<linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org>,
Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>,
Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@oss.qualcomm.com>,
Steven Price <steven.price@arm.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v20 4/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Add support for SRO
Date: Wed, 30 Sep 2026 09:45:03 +0100 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <e12fb220-505a-44cc-bc43-4bd4ec0e9f7a@arm.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20260929223042.681D61F000FF@smtp.kernel.org>
Hi,
Responses inline.
On 29/09/2026 23:30, sashiko-bot@kernel.org wrote:
> Thank you for your contribution! Sashiko AI review found 3 potential issue(s) to consider:
> - [Medium] arm_rmm: SRO cancellation discards partial progress limit leading to memory corruption
> - [Medium] arm_rmm: integer overflow in granule clamp bypasses RMM protection
> - [Medium] arm_rmm: missing validation of block_size_fld leads to division by zero
> --
>
> commit 44837285c82689401d14180cb932077aa7982b67
> Author: Steven Price <steven.price@arm.com>
>
> firmware: arm_rmm: Add support for SRO
>
> This commit introduces support for Stateful RMI Operations (SRO), allowing RMI
> commands to return incomplete and be resumed. It adds SRO state tracking,
> memory donation and reclaim handling, and wrappers for SRO commands.
>
>> --- a/drivers/firmware/arm_rmm/rmi.c
>> +++ b/drivers/firmware/arm_rmm/rmi.c
>> @@ -14,6 +15,687 @@
>> +static long rmi_granule_range_delegate(unsigned long base,
>> + unsigned long top,
>> + unsigned long *out_top)
>> +{
>> + struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs regs = {
>> + SMC_RMI_GRANULE_RANGE_DELEGATE, base, top
>> + };
>> + long ret = rmi_sro_execute(®s);
>> +
>> + if (ret == RMI_SUCCESS && out_top)
>> + *out_top = regs.a1;
>> +
>> + return ret;
>> +}
> [ ... ]
>> +static int rmi_sro_donate_contig(struct rmi_sro_state *sro,
>> + unsigned long sro_handle,
>> + unsigned long donatereq,
>> + struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *out_regs,
>> + gfp_t gfp)
>> +{
> [ ... ]
>> +mem_donate:
>> + rmi_op_mem_donate(sro_handle,
>> + virt_to_phys(&sro->addr_list[sro->addr_count]), 1,
>> + 0, out_regs);
>> + donated_size = out_regs->a1 << PAGE_SHIFT;
>> +
>> + if (WARN_ON(donated_size > size))
>> + donated_size = size;
>
> [Severity: Medium]
> Is there a risk of an integer overflow here before the bounds check?
>
> If a buggy or compromised RMM returns a maliciously large value for
> out_regs->a1, the left shift by PAGE_SHIFT could overflow the 64-bit
> donated_size variable. This would result in a small value that bypasses
> the WARN_ON() check.
Fair point, this was due to the removal of donated_granules. I will
rectify this.
>
> The host kernel might then erroneously believe the RMM consumed fewer
> granules than it actually did, freeing the remaining memory back to the
> allocator while the RMM is actively using it. This could result in memory
> corruption.
>
> [ ... ]
>> +static int rmi_sro_donate_noncontig(struct rmi_sro_state *sro,
>> + unsigned long sro_handle,
>> + unsigned long donatereq,
>> + struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *out_regs,
>> + gfp_t gfp)
>> +{
>> + unsigned long block_size_fld = RMI_DONATE_BLOCK_SIZE(donatereq);
>> + unsigned long block_size = rmi_addr_block_size_to_bytes(block_size_fld);
>> + unsigned long count = RMI_DONATE_COUNT(donatereq);
>> + unsigned long state = RMI_DONATE_STATE(donatereq);
>> + unsigned long found = 0;
>> + unsigned long donated_granules;
>> + unsigned long granules_per_block = block_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
>> + unsigned long consumed_blocks;
> [ ... ]
>> + donated_granules = out_regs->a1;
> [ ... ]
>> + consumed_blocks = donated_granules / granules_per_block;
>
> [Severity: Medium]
> Could an unvalidated block_size_fld lead to a division by zero panic here?
>
> While count and state are explicitly validated against anomalies,
> block_size_fld from the firmware appears to be blindly trusted. If the
> firmware returns an out-of-bounds value (e.g., 6), the shift amount in
> rmi_addr_block_size_to_bytes() can evaluate modulo 64, yielding a block_size
> smaller than PAGE_SIZE.
This is not possible. The field is a 2bit field and cannot be greater
than 3. See the RMI_DONATE_BLOCK_SIZE()
>
> This would cause granules_per_block to evaluate to 0, triggering a kernel
> panic when donated_granules is divided by granules_per_block.
>
> [ ... ]
>> +long rmi_sro_execute(struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs *regs)
>> +{
>> + bool cancelled = false;
>> + unsigned long sro_handle;
> [ ... ]
>> + if (cancelled)
>> + return -ECANCELED;
>> +
>> + return regs->a0;
>> +}
>
> [Severity: Medium]
> When an operation is cancelled, does this unconditionally discard the
> output registers containing the partial progress limit?
>
> If a buggy or compromised RMM returns an unexpected MEMREQ during a non-memory
> SRO like SMC_RMI_GRANULE_RANGE_DELEGATE, rmi_sro_execute() issues an
> RMI_OP_CANCEL and unconditionally returns -ECANCELED. This drops the final
> state in the a1 register.
We already WARN_ON_ONCE(1), when we get a memreq in a non-memory
transferring SRO operation. There is nothing we could do in this case
from the generic helper, than to inform the caller that we had to
cancel it.
This is a fundamental misbehavior from an RMM implementation. There are
other ways the RMM could crash the host. e.g., Don't really undelegate
while reporting success. So, I wouldn't care about such pathological
cases.
Cheers
Suzuki
>
> As a result, callers like rmi_granule_range_delegate() fail to capture
> the progress limit. The kernel would then undelegate fewer granules
> than the RMM successfully processed before returning them to the normal
> allocator, which can lead to fatal Granule Protection Faults when the host
> later accesses them.
>
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-09-30 8:45 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 37+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-09-29 22:16 [PATCH v20 0/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Add RMM v2.0 base RMI support Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 1/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Add SMC definitions for calling the RMM Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 9:51 ` Catalin Marinas
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 2/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Check for RMI support at init Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-29 22:28 ` sashiko-bot
2026-09-30 8:18 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 11:02 ` Catalin Marinas
2026-10-01 6:03 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-10-01 8:17 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 3/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Configure the RMM with the host's page size Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 11:10 ` Catalin Marinas
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 4/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Add support for SRO Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-29 22:30 ` sashiko-bot
2026-09-30 8:45 ` Suzuki K Poulose [this message]
2026-09-30 8:46 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 13:15 ` Catalin Marinas
2026-09-30 13:48 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 5/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Activate the RMM Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 13:20 ` Catalin Marinas
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 6/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Ensure the RMM has GPT entries for memory Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 13:39 ` Catalin Marinas
2026-09-30 14:44 ` Sudeep Holla
2026-09-30 15:55 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-10-01 8:31 ` Sudeep Holla
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 7/9] arm64: Block hibernate and kexec while RMM is active Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-29 22:26 ` sashiko-bot
2026-09-30 9:12 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 15:15 ` Catalin Marinas
2026-09-30 16:06 ` Jonathan Cameron
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 8/9] firmware: arm_rmm: Add wrappers for Realm related RMI commands Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-29 22:29 ` sashiko-bot
2026-09-30 11:12 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 15:51 ` Catalin Marinas
2026-09-29 22:16 ` [PATCH v20 9/9] firmware: arm_rmm: hotplug: Skip memory added to ZONE_MOVABLE Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 12:22 ` David Hildenbrand (Arm)
2026-09-30 12:47 ` Suzuki K Poulose
2026-09-30 15:53 ` Catalin Marinas
Reply instructions:
You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:
* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
and reply-to-all from there: mbox
Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style
* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
switches of git-send-email(1):
git send-email \
--in-reply-to=e12fb220-505a-44cc-bc43-4bd4ec0e9f7a@arm.com \
--to=suzuki.poulose@arm.com \
--cc=catalin.marinas@arm.com \
--cc=gshan@redhat.com \
--cc=jonathan.cameron@oss.qualcomm.com \
--cc=kvm@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=kvmarm@lists.linux.dev \
--cc=linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org \
--cc=maz@kernel.org \
--cc=oupton@kernel.org \
--cc=sashiko-reviews@lists.linux.dev \
--cc=steven.price@arm.com \
/path/to/YOUR_REPLY
https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html
* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line
before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox