[PATCH -next] arm64: Optimize the comparison of unsigned expressions to avoid compiling error

[PATCH -next] arm64: Optimize the comparison of unsigned expressions to avoid compiling error

[Lin Yujun]

while compile arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h with
-Werror=type-limits enabled, errors shown as below:

./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h: In function 'system_supports_4kb_granule':
./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h:653:14: error: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Werror=type-limits]
  return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
              ^~
./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h: In function 'system_supports_64kb_granule':
./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h:666:14: error: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Werror=type-limits]
  return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
              ^~
Modify the return judgment statement, use
"((val - min) < (val - max - 1))" to confirm that returns
true in “min <= val <= max” cases, false in other cases.

Fixes: 79d82cbcbb3d ("arm64/kexec: Test page size support with new TGRAN range values")
Signed-off-by: Lin Yujun <linyujun809@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h | 18 ++++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
index 03d1c9d7af82..0a6bda025141 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ enum ftr_type {
 #define FTR_VISIBLE_IF_IS_ENABLED(config)		\
 	(IS_ENABLED(config) ? FTR_VISIBLE : FTR_HIDDEN)
 
+#define IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val, min, max)		\
+	(((val) - (min)) < ((val) - (max) - 1))
+
 struct arm64_ftr_bits {
 	bool		sign;	/* Value is signed ? */
 	bool		visible;
@@ -693,8 +696,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_4kb_granule(void)
 	val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
 						ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SHIFT);
 
-	return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
-	       (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MAX);
+	return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
+		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN,
+		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MAX);
 }
 
 static inline bool system_supports_64kb_granule(void)
@@ -706,8 +710,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_64kb_granule(void)
 	val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
 						ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SHIFT);
 
-	return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
-	       (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MAX);
+	return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
+		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN,
+		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MAX);
 }
 
 static inline bool system_supports_16kb_granule(void)
@@ -719,8 +724,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_16kb_granule(void)
 	val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
 						ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SHIFT);
 
-	return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
-	       (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MAX);
+	return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
+		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MIN,
+		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MAX);
 }
 
 static inline bool system_supports_mixed_endian_el0(void)
-- 
2.34.1


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Re: [PATCH -next] arm64: Optimize the comparison of unsigned expressions to avoid compiling error

[Mark Rutland]

On Tue, Feb 21, 2023 at 09:27:40AM +0800, Lin Yujun wrote:
> while compile arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h with
> -Werror=type-limits enabled, errors shown as below:
> 
> ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h: In function 'system_supports_4kb_granule':
> ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h:653:14: error: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Werror=type-limits]
>   return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
>               ^~
> ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h: In function 'system_supports_64kb_granule':
> ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h:666:14: error: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Werror=type-limits]
>   return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
>               ^~

When is the `-Werror=type-limits` flag enabled by the build system?

We have patterns like this all over the kernel, and I don't think this is
indicative of a real problem, and I don't think that we need to change code to
make this warning disappear.

> Modify the return judgment statement, use
> "((val - min) < (val - max - 1))" to confirm that returns
> true in “min <= val <= max” cases, false in other cases.

That expression is far less clear than the existing code, so I do not think
that is a good idea.

> Fixes: 79d82cbcbb3d ("arm64/kexec: Test page size support with new TGRAN range values")

What functional error does this fix?

What configuration is broken?

Thanks,
Mark.

> Signed-off-by: Lin Yujun <linyujun809@huawei.com>
> ---
>  arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h | 18 ++++++++++++------
>  1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
> index 03d1c9d7af82..0a6bda025141 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
> @@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ enum ftr_type {
>  #define FTR_VISIBLE_IF_IS_ENABLED(config)		\
>  	(IS_ENABLED(config) ? FTR_VISIBLE : FTR_HIDDEN)
>  
> +#define IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val, min, max)		\
> +	(((val) - (min)) < ((val) - (max) - 1))
> +
>  struct arm64_ftr_bits {
>  	bool		sign;	/* Value is signed ? */
>  	bool		visible;
> @@ -693,8 +696,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_4kb_granule(void)
>  	val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
>  						ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SHIFT);
>  
> -	return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
> -	       (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> +	return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
> +		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN,
> +		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool system_supports_64kb_granule(void)
> @@ -706,8 +710,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_64kb_granule(void)
>  	val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
>  						ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SHIFT);
>  
> -	return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
> -	       (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> +	return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
> +		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN,
> +		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool system_supports_16kb_granule(void)
> @@ -719,8 +724,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_16kb_granule(void)
>  	val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
>  						ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SHIFT);
>  
> -	return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
> -	       (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> +	return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
> +		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MIN,
> +		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool system_supports_mixed_endian_el0(void)
> -- 
> 2.34.1
> 

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Re: [PATCH -next] arm64: Optimize the comparison of unsigned expressions to avoid compiling error

[Ard Biesheuvel]

On Tue, 21 Feb 2023 at 11:37, Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> wrote:
>
> On Tue, Feb 21, 2023 at 09:27:40AM +0800, Lin Yujun wrote:
> > while compile arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h with
> > -Werror=type-limits enabled, errors shown as below:
> >
> > ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h: In function 'system_supports_4kb_granule':
> > ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h:653:14: error: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Werror=type-limits]
> >   return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
> >               ^~
> > ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h: In function 'system_supports_64kb_granule':
> > ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h:666:14: error: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Werror=type-limits]
> >   return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
> >               ^~

The usefulness of this diagnostic is debatable even when the right
hand is a literal '0' but warning about symbolic constants like this
is actively evil.

In general, preprocessor #defined values can depend on Kconfig
settings or other build configuration switches, and this warning
encourages us to remove the expression altogether, which could mean
introducing a bug if the macro may assume values >0 in other
configurations.

Ergo, we must ignore -Wtype-limits until it is fixed, and can at least
distinguish literal 0 constants from ones instantiated by a CPP macro.


>
> When is the `-Werror=type-limits` flag enabled by the build system?
>
> We have patterns like this all over the kernel, and I don't think this is
> indicative of a real problem, and I don't think that we need to change code to
> make this warning disappear.
>
> > Modify the return judgment statement, use
> > "((val - min) < (val - max - 1))" to confirm that returns
> > true in “min <= val <= max” cases, false in other cases.
>
> That expression is far less clear than the existing code, so I do not think
> that is a good idea.
>
> > Fixes: 79d82cbcbb3d ("arm64/kexec: Test page size support with new TGRAN range values")
>
> What functional error does this fix?
>
> What configuration is broken?
>
> Thanks,
> Mark.
>
> > Signed-off-by: Lin Yujun <linyujun809@huawei.com>
> > ---
> >  arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h | 18 ++++++++++++------
> >  1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
> > index 03d1c9d7af82..0a6bda025141 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
> > @@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ enum ftr_type {
> >  #define FTR_VISIBLE_IF_IS_ENABLED(config)            \
> >       (IS_ENABLED(config) ? FTR_VISIBLE : FTR_HIDDEN)
> >
> > +#define IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val, min, max)            \
> > +     (((val) - (min)) < ((val) - (max) - 1))
> > +
> >  struct arm64_ftr_bits {
> >       bool            sign;   /* Value is signed ? */
> >       bool            visible;
> > @@ -693,8 +696,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_4kb_granule(void)
> >       val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
> >                                               ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SHIFT);
> >
> > -     return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
> > -            (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> > +     return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
> > +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN,
> > +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> >  }
> >
> >  static inline bool system_supports_64kb_granule(void)
> > @@ -706,8 +710,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_64kb_granule(void)
> >       val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
> >                                               ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SHIFT);
> >
> > -     return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
> > -            (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> > +     return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
> > +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN,
> > +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> >  }
> >
> >  static inline bool system_supports_16kb_granule(void)
> > @@ -719,8 +724,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_16kb_granule(void)
> >       val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
> >                                               ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SHIFT);
> >
> > -     return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
> > -            (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> > +     return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
> > +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MIN,
> > +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MAX);
> >  }
> >
> >  static inline bool system_supports_mixed_endian_el0(void)
> > --
> > 2.34.1
> >

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Re: [PATCH -next] arm64: Optimize the comparison of unsigned expressions to avoid compiling error

[linyujun (C)]

Thanks for your advice


在 2023/2/21 23:10, Ard Biesheuvel 写道:
> On Tue, 21 Feb 2023 at 11:37, Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> wrote:
>> On Tue, Feb 21, 2023 at 09:27:40AM +0800, Lin Yujun wrote:
>>> while compile arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h with
>>> -Werror=type-limits enabled, errors shown as below:
>>>
>>> ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h: In function 'system_supports_4kb_granule':
>>> ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h:653:14: error: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Werror=type-limits]
>>>    return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
>>>                ^~
>>> ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h: In function 'system_supports_64kb_granule':
>>> ./arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h:666:14: error: comparison of unsigned expression >= 0 is always true [-Werror=type-limits]
>>>    return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
>>>                ^~
> The usefulness of this diagnostic is debatable even when the right
> hand is a literal '0' but warning about symbolic constants like this
> is actively evil.
>
> In general, preprocessor #defined values can depend on Kconfig
> settings or other build configuration switches, and this warning
> encourages us to remove the expression altogether, which could mean
> introducing a bug if the macro may assume values >0 in other
> configurations.
>
> Ergo, we must ignore -Wtype-limits until it is fixed, and can at least
> distinguish literal 0 constants from ones instantiated by a CPP macro.
>
>
>> When is the `-Werror=type-limits` flag enabled by the build system?
>>
>> We have patterns like this all over the kernel, and I don't think this is
>> indicative of a real problem, and I don't think that we need to change code to
>> make this warning disappear.
>>
>>> Modify the return judgment statement, use
>>> "((val - min) < (val - max - 1))" to confirm that returns
>>> true in “min <= val <= max” cases, false in other cases.
>> That expression is far less clear than the existing code, so I do not think
>> that is a good idea.
>>
>>> Fixes: 79d82cbcbb3d ("arm64/kexec: Test page size support with new TGRAN range values")
>> What functional error does this fix?
>>
>> What configuration is broken?
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Mark.
>>
>>> Signed-off-by: Lin Yujun <linyujun809@huawei.com>
>>> ---
>>>   arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h | 18 ++++++++++++------
>>>   1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
>>>
>>> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
>>> index 03d1c9d7af82..0a6bda025141 100644
>>> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
>>> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpufeature.h
>>> @@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ enum ftr_type {
>>>   #define FTR_VISIBLE_IF_IS_ENABLED(config)            \
>>>        (IS_ENABLED(config) ? FTR_VISIBLE : FTR_HIDDEN)
>>>
>>> +#define IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val, min, max)            \
>>> +     (((val) - (min)) < ((val) - (max) - 1))
>>> +
>>>   struct arm64_ftr_bits {
>>>        bool            sign;   /* Value is signed ? */
>>>        bool            visible;
>>> @@ -693,8 +696,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_4kb_granule(void)
>>>        val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
>>>                                                ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SHIFT);
>>>
>>> -     return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
>>> -            (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>>> +     return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
>>> +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MIN,
>>> +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN4_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>>>   }
>>>
>>>   static inline bool system_supports_64kb_granule(void)
>>> @@ -706,8 +710,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_64kb_granule(void)
>>>        val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
>>>                                                ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SHIFT);
>>>
>>> -     return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
>>> -            (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>>> +     return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
>>> +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MIN,
>>> +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN64_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>>>   }
>>>
>>>   static inline bool system_supports_16kb_granule(void)
>>> @@ -719,8 +724,9 @@ static inline bool system_supports_16kb_granule(void)
>>>        val = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(mmfr0,
>>>                                                ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SHIFT);
>>>
>>> -     return (val >= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MIN) &&
>>> -            (val <= ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>>> +     return IN_RANGE_INCLUSIVE(val,
>>> +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MIN,
>>> +             ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_TGRAN16_SUPPORTED_MAX);
>>>   }
>>>
>>>   static inline bool system_supports_mixed_endian_el0(void)
>>> --
>>> 2.34.1
>>>
> .

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