[Bluez-devel] Several bluetooth dongles at time

[Bluez-devel] Several bluetooth dongles at time

[schnelte]

Hi there,

I am runnning a rfcomm server on a linux pc and want mobile phones to
connect to it.
I need some clearence about the following questions:

1) As the phone is connecting to the pc and not the other way around, the
pc is the slave at first. As far as I know a slave cannot connect to more
than one device at time. So I force a role switch to master after
connection. What happend when another phone will connect? The PC will be
master from the beginning and no role switch is needed? (I don't have a
second mobile to test, at the moment)

2) Can i have multiple connections on the same rfcomm channel? So more
than one mobile can connect to my server at time or only one device per
channel and i have to open more than one channel?

3) If I have more than one bluetooth dongle how can I say which dongle to
use for the connections? At the moment I am setting the field rc_bdaddr to
the address of the bluetooth dongle I am willing to use. Is that about
right? What happens if I am using BDADDR_ANY, BDADDR_ALL or BDADDR_LOCAL
instead? Is there any convinient way that bluez automatically chooses
another dongle if all connections on one dongle are full?

Tnx very much in advance for your answers.

Matthias

This is the code I am using:

  int sock, client, alen;
  int dev;

  struct sockaddr_rc addr;
  if( (sock = socket(AF_BLUETOOTH, SOCK_STREAM, BTPROTO_RFCOMM)) < 0)
    {
      perror("socket");
      exit(1);
    }

  addr.rc_family = AF_BLUETOOTH;
  bdaddr_t local;
  str2ba("00:10:60:A4:03:01", &local);
  bacpy(&addr.rc_bdaddr, &local);
  addr.rc_channel = htobs(channel);
  alen = sizeof(addr);

  if(bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, alen) < 0)
    {
      perror("bind");
      exit(1);
    }

  listen(sock,10);
  printf("%d Waiting for connections...\n\n",channel);

  if(client = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &alen))
    {
      printf("%d Got a connection attempt!\n",channel);
    }

  dev=hci_open_dev(0);
  if (dev<0) {
    printf("Error opening hci dev");
    exit(1);

    }

  if (hci_switch_role(dev, &addr.rc_bdaddr, 0, 10000) <0) {
    printf("Role switch failed!");
    }
  close(dev);




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Re: [Bluez-devel] Several bluetooth dongles at time

[Marcel Holtmann]

Hi Matthias,

> I am runnning a rfcomm server on a linux pc and want mobile phones to
> connect to it.
> I need some clearence about the following questions:
> 
> 1) As the phone is connecting to the pc and not the other way around, the
> pc is the slave at first. As far as I know a slave cannot connect to more
> than one device at time. So I force a role switch to master after
> connection. What happend when another phone will connect? The PC will be
> master from the beginning and no role switch is needed? (I don't have a
> second mobile to test, at the moment)

there will be transient state and therefor you need at least a dongle
that can do scatternet. Not all mobile phones support role switch. This
is a hardware limitation, because some of them contain an old chip.

> 2) Can i have multiple connections on the same rfcomm channel? So more
> than one mobile can connect to my server at time or only one device per
> channel and i have to open more than one channel?

One connection per RFCOMM channel. On the RFCOMM level there is no
further multiplexing.

> 3) If I have more than one bluetooth dongle how can I say which dongle to
> use for the connections? At the moment I am setting the field rc_bdaddr to
> the address of the bluetooth dongle I am willing to use. Is that about
> right? What happens if I am using BDADDR_ANY, BDADDR_ALL or BDADDR_LOCAL
> instead? Is there any convinient way that bluez automatically chooses
> another dongle if all connections on one dongle are full?

When writing a RFCOMM server you can bind it to a specific local address
or to all local addresses (ANY). The ALL and LOCAL addreses are not
useful for this and they also won't work.

After the connection you can use getsockname() to get the address of the
local device.

There is no load-balancing for connections. It is point-to-point and the
mobile phone in your case decides what dongle to connect to.

> This is the code I am using:
> 
>   int sock, client, alen;
>   int dev;
> 
>   struct sockaddr_rc addr;
>   if( (sock = socket(AF_BLUETOOTH, SOCK_STREAM, BTPROTO_RFCOMM)) < 0)
>     {
>       perror("socket");
>       exit(1);
>     }
> 
>   addr.rc_family = AF_BLUETOOTH;
>   bdaddr_t local;
>   str2ba("00:10:60:A4:03:01", &local);
>   bacpy(&addr.rc_bdaddr, &local);
>   addr.rc_channel = htobs(channel);
>   alen = sizeof(addr);

I don't know where you guys copy your examples from. The htobs() for the
channel is wrong. This value is only uint8_t and so it won't on big
endian platforms.

And for what is this crazy str->local->rc_bdaddr thing needed?

>   if(bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, alen) < 0)
>     {
>       perror("bind");
>       exit(1);
>     }
> 
>   listen(sock,10);
>   printf("%d Waiting for connections...\n\n",channel);
> 
>   if(client = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &alen))
>     {
>       printf("%d Got a connection attempt!\n",channel);
>     }
> 
>   dev=hci_open_dev(0);
>   if (dev<0) {
>     printf("Error opening hci dev");
>     exit(1);
> 
>     }

This thing here is wrong and will only work as long as only one dongle
is attached. You need to find the correct one, see getsockname() etc.

>   if (hci_switch_role(dev, &addr.rc_bdaddr, 0, 10000) <0) {
>     printf("Role switch failed!");
>     }
>   close(dev);

This reminds me that the RFCOMM_MASTER link mode support is missing.
Feel free to send me a patch for that instead of hacking around it.

Regards

Marcel




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[Bluez-devel] HCI Forwarding

[radeX]

Hi Marcel:

As you remember I was developing a gateway for tunneling the hci traffic
over TCP and be able to transfer files and play bluetooth games at long
distances.
I wrote a simple and very rudimentary C++ test program but didn't work. =
I
think the problem is the destination bluetooth address, would I need to
parse
the hci frames to set the bt address to its correct value?, I don't know
how to do this, I am really lost.
I tested the program with another friend running the same program with =
two
nokia n-gage.

If you can help me here is the source code, please feel free to modify
whatever
you want and tell me how can I solve this problem or give me a new way =
of
doing this.
(I marked up the important part of the main loop so you can see the main
idea witouth reading the full source), at the end is the program and =
hcidump
output.

If you want the full source (all files and makefile) tell me.

Thanks in advance.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
---
-
----main.cpp-----
#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <asm/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>


#include "btsniffer.h"
#include "Socket.h"

using namespace std;

  bt_sniffer bt;
  Socket sk;
  int op;
  fd_set master;
  fd_set read_fds;
  int fdmax;
  int newfd;
  struct timeval tv;

int menu()
{
  int op;
  system("clear");
  cout << "Net-Gage testing program\n";
  cout << "-------------------------\n";
  cout << "[1] -- Connect to host\n";
  cout << "[2] -- Wait for connections\n";
  cout << "[0] -- Quit\n";
  cout << " Select option: ";
  cin >> op;
  return op;
}
void loop() {
  string buf;
  int rres =3D 0;
  int i;
  tv.tv_sec =3D 2;
  tv.tv_usec =3D 500000;
  sk.set_non_blocking(true);

  FD_SET(sk.m_sock, &master);
  FD_SET(bt.sock, &master);
  fdmax =3D bt.sock;

  cout << "Connection complete!.\n";
  cout << "---------------------\n";
  cout << "Running .....\n";
  cout << "<Press Ctrl-C to abort the program>\n";

  for(;;) {
    read_fds =3D master;
    if(select(fdmax+1, &read_fds, NULL, &read_fds, &tv) =3D=3D -1) {
      perror("select()!\n");
      exit(1);
    }
/********************/
/** IMPORTANT PART **/
/********************/
   if((rres =3D bt.receive()) > 0) {
         // BT Data received
         cout << "BT Data received: " << bt.buf << endl;
         sk.sendall(string(bt.buf));
    }

    if((rres =3D sk.recv(buf)) =3D=3D 0) {
       // Connection closed
       break;
    } else {
      if(rres > 0) {
         // TCP Data received
         cout << "TCP Data received: " << buf << endl;
         bt.send(buf.c_str());
      }
    }
/***************************/
/** END OF IMPORTANT PART **/
/***************************/
  }
  FD_CLR( sk.m_sock,&master);
  FD_CLR( bt.sock,&master);

  cout << "Connection closed.\n";
}

void do_connect()
{
  string ip;


  cout << "Enter IP address of the opponent: ";
  cin >> ip;
  cout << "Connecting to " << ip << " at port 1984 ...\n";
  sk.create();
  if(!sk.connect(ip, 1984)) {
    cout << "Connection failed !\n";
    exit(1);
  }
}
void do_listen()
{
  sk.create();
  if(!sk.bind(1984)) {
    cout << "Socket error: bind()! \n";
    exit(1);
  }

  cout << "Waiting for connections at port 1984 ...\n";
  sk.listen();
   while(!sk.accept(sk));
}

int main(void)
{

  FD_ZERO(&master);
  FD_ZERO(&read_fds);
  cout << "Starting netgage ...\n";

  bt.create();
  sk.set_non_blocking(true);
  bt.set_non_blocking(true);
  op =3D menu();
  switch(op) {
    case 1:
    do_connect();
    break;
    case 2:
    do_listen();
    break;
   }

  if(op) loop();
  cout << "Thank you for testing this program!\n";
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------
-----btsniffer.cpp--------
#include "btsniffer.h"
 #include "btsniffer_exception.h"
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>

 bt_sniffer::bt_sniffer()
 {
    one =3D 1;

 }

 int bt_sniffer::receive()
 {
    return recv(sock, buf, HCI_MAX_FRAME_SIZE, 0);
 }
 void bt_sniffer::send(const char * s)
 {
    ::send(sock, s, HCI_MAX_FRAME_SIZE, 0);
 }

 void bt_sniffer::set_non_blocking ( const bool b )
 {

  int opts;

  opts =3D fcntl ( sock,
     F_GETFL );

  if ( opts < 0 )
    {
      return;
    }

  if ( b )
    opts =3D ( opts | O_NONBLOCK );
  else
    opts =3D ( opts & ~O_NONBLOCK );

  fcntl ( sock,
    F_SETFL,opts );

}

bool bt_sniffer::create()
{
    if((sock =3D socket(AF_BLUETOOTH, SOCK_RAW, BTPROTO_HCI)) < 0)
    {
      throw btsnifferException ( "Error creating socket" );
      return false;
    }
  one =3D 1;
  if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_HCI, HCI_DATA_DIR, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0)
    {
      throw btsnifferException ( "Can't enable data direction info" );
      return false;
    }
  one =3D 1;
  if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_HCI, HCI_TIME_STAMP, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0)
    {
      throw btsnifferException ( "Can't enable time stamp" );
      return false;
    }

  hci_filter_clear(&filter);
  hci_filter_all_ptypes(&filter);
  hci_filter_all_events(&filter);

  if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_HCI, HCI_FILTER, &filter, sizeof(filter)) < 0)
    {
      throw btsnifferException ( "Can't set HCI filter" );
      return false;
    }


  addr.hci_family =3D AF_BLUETOOTH;
  addr.hci_dev =3D 0;

  if(bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0)
    {
      throw btsnifferException ( "Bind error" );
      return false;
    }
    ioctl(sock, HCISETRAW);

    return true;
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-
---- socket.cpp ----
// Implementation of the Socket class.


#include "Socket.h"
#include "string.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <iostream.h>

using namespace std;

Socket::Socket() :
  m_sock ( -1 )
{

  memset ( &m_addr,
     0,
     sizeof ( m_addr ) );

}

Socket::~Socket()
{
  if ( is_valid() )
    ::close ( m_sock );
}

bool Socket::create()
{
  m_sock =3D socket ( AF_INET,
        SOCK_STREAM,
        0 );

  if ( ! is_valid() )
    return false;


  // TIME_WAIT - argh
  int on =3D 1;
  if ( setsockopt ( m_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, ( const char* ) =
&on,
sizeof ( on ) ) =3D=3D -1 )
    return false;


  return true;

}



bool Socket::bind ( const int port )
{

  if ( ! is_valid() )
    {
      return false;
    }



  m_addr.sin_family =3D AF_INET;
  m_addr.sin_addr.s_addr =3D INADDR_ANY;
  m_addr.sin_port =3D htons ( port );
  memset(&(m_addr.sin_zero), '\0', 8);
  int bind_return =3D ::bind ( m_sock,
           ( struct sockaddr * ) &m_addr,
           sizeof ( m_addr ) );


  if ( bind_return =3D=3D -1 )
    {
      return false;
    }

  return true;
}


bool Socket::listen() const
{
  if ( ! is_valid() )
    {
      return false;
    }

  int listen_return =3D ::listen ( m_sock, MAXCONNECTIONS );


  if ( listen_return =3D=3D -1 )
    {
      return false;
    }

  return true;
}


bool Socket::accept ( Socket& new_socket ) const
{
  int addr_length =3D sizeof ( m_addr );
  new_socket.m_sock =3D ::accept ( m_sock, ( sockaddr * ) &m_addr, ( =
socklen_t
* ) &addr_length );

  if ( new_socket.m_sock <=3D 0 )
    return false;
  else
    return true;
}


bool Socket::send ( const std::string s ) const
{
  int status =3D ::send ( m_sock, s.c_str(), s.size(), MSG_NOSIGNAL );
  if ( status =3D=3D -1 )
    {
      return false;
    }
  else
    {
      return true;
    }
}


int Socket::recv ( std::string& s ) const
{
  char buf [ MAXRECV + 1 ];

  s =3D "";

  memset ( buf, 0, MAXRECV + 1 );

  int status =3D ::recv ( m_sock, buf, MAXRECV, 0 );

/* if ( status =3D=3D -1 )
    {
// std::cout << "status =3D=3D -1 errno =3D=3D " << errno << " in =
Socket::recv\n";
      return 0;
    }
  else if ( status =3D=3D 0 )
    {
      return 0;
    }
  else
    {
*/ s =3D buf;
      return status;
// }
}



bool Socket::connect ( const std::string host, const int port )
{
  if ( ! is_valid() ) return false;

  m_addr.sin_family =3D AF_INET;
  m_addr.sin_port =3D htons ( port );

  int status =3D inet_pton ( AF_INET, host.c_str(), &m_addr.sin_addr );

  if ( errno =3D=3D EAFNOSUPPORT ) return false;

  status =3D ::connect ( m_sock, ( sockaddr * ) &m_addr, sizeof ( m_addr =
)
);

  if ( status =3D=3D 0 )
    return true;
  else
    return false;
}

void Socket::set_non_blocking ( const bool b )
{

  int opts;

  opts =3D fcntl ( m_sock,
     F_GETFL );

  if ( opts < 0 )
    {
      return;
    }

  if ( b )
    opts =3D ( opts | O_NONBLOCK );
  else
    opts =3D ( opts & ~O_NONBLOCK );

  fcntl ( m_sock,
    F_SETFL,opts );

}

bool Socket::sendall( const std::string s) const
{
  int total =3D 0;
  char * cstr =3D s.c_str();
  int bytesleft =3D s.length();
  int len =3D s.length();
  int n;

  while( total < len ) {
     n =3D ::send(m_sock, cstr + total, bytesleft, 0);
     if( n =3D=3D -1 ) break;
     total +=3D n;
     bytesleft -=3D n;
  }

  len =3D total;

  return !(n=3D=3D-1);

}
--------------------------------------------------------
--- THE PROGRAM PRODUCED THIS HCIDUMP ---
HCIDump - HCI packet analyzer ver 1.16
device: hci0 snap_len: 1028 filter: 0xffffffff
< HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
< HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
< HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
< HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
< HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
< HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
< HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
< HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
< HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
< HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
< HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
< HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
< HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
< HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
> HCI Event: Connect Request (0x04) plen 10
> HCI Event: Connect Complete (0x03) plen 11
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
---
-
---- AND THIS OUTPUT ----
Net-Gage testing program
-------------------------
[1] -- Connect to host
[2] -- Wait for connections
[3] -- Test console
[4] -- Other tests
[0] -- Quit
 Select option: 2
Waiting for connections at port 1984 ...
Connection complete!.
---------------------
Running .....
<Press Ctrl-C to abort the program>
TCP Data received:
+=DCW`
TCP Data received:
                   )
TCP Data received:
+=DCW`
TCP Data received:
                   *
TCP Data received:
+=DCW`
TCP Data received:
                   )
TCP Data received:
+=DCW`
TCP Data received:
                   *
TCP Data received:
+=DCW`
TCP Data received:
                   )
TCP Data received:
+=DCW`
TCP Data received:
                   *
TCP Data received:
+=DCW`
TCP Data received:
                   )
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
BT Data received:
                  (
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
BT Data received:
                  )
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
BT Data received:
                  (
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
BT Data received:
                  )
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
BT Data received:
                  (
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
BT Data received:
                  )
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
BT Data received:
                  (
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
BT Data received:
                  )
BT Data received:
:=F5W`
Connection closed.
Thank you for testing this program!






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Re: [Bluez-devel] HCI Forwarding

[Marcel Holtmann]

Hi,

> As you remember I was developing a gateway for tunneling the hci traffic
> over TCP and be able to transfer files and play bluetooth games at long
> distances.
> I wrote a simple and very rudimentary C++ test program but didn't work. I
> think the problem is the destination bluetooth address, would I need to
> parse
> the hci frames to set the bt address to its correct value?, I don't know
> how to do this, I am really lost.
> I tested the program with another friend running the same program with two
> nokia n-gage.
> 
> If you can help me here is the source code, please feel free to modify
> whatever
> you want and tell me how can I solve this problem or give me a new way of
> doing this.
> (I marked up the important part of the main loop so you can see the main
> idea witouth reading the full source), at the end is the program and hcidump
> output.
> 
> If you want the full source (all files and makefile) tell me.

using C++ is actually too much for such a project, because OO is useless
in this case and personally I don't like C++ and so I won't comment on
your code.

If you wanna do HCI forwarding then you must first use the HCI device in
raw mode and even then I don't think that this going to work. You must
map a lot of commands to events and vice versa. For example a connect
request from on side must result in a create connection on the other
side and then you must do the HCI flow control right.

And yes, you must do a BD_ADDR and also connection handle translation
for every command/event exchange. I am not sure if this will ever work,
but even if, it is a lot of work and you need a deep understanding of
the HCI.

Regards

Marcel




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Re: [Bluez-devel] Several bluetooth dongles at time

[Matthias Schnelte]

>>2) Can i have multiple connections on the same rfcomm channel? So more
>>than one mobile can connect to my server at time or only one device per
>>channel and i have to open more than one channel?
> 
> One connection per RFCOMM channel. On the RFCOMM level there is no
> further multiplexing.
So, if I have two phones that provide one service each, but both on the 
same rfcomm channel i will not be able to connect to both of them, right?
Why is that? I mean, it is all brought done to l2cap connections and 
l2cap is not limited in that case.
Hmm, so the only solution is to use l2cap instead of rfcomm, right?

Matthias


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Re: [Bluez-devel] Several bluetooth dongles at time

[Marcel Holtmann]

Hi Matthias,

> >>2) Can i have multiple connections on the same rfcomm channel? So more
> >>than one mobile can connect to my server at time or only one device per
> >>channel and i have to open more than one channel?
> > 
> > One connection per RFCOMM channel. On the RFCOMM level there is no
> > further multiplexing.
> So, if I have two phones that provide one service each, but both on the 
> same rfcomm channel i will not be able to connect to both of them, right?

wrong. This limit is only a point-to-point limit. If you connect to
another phone the underlaying ACL link is different and so you won't
have any problem.

If you have a phone that provides for example FAX and DUN on channel 1
then you can't connect to FAX and DUN at the same time.

Regards

Marcel




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