[PATCHv2 0/3] clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex

[PATCHv2 0/3] clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex

[Rosen Penev]

Switch three structs to flexible array members to combine allocations.

Rosen Penev (3):
  v2: fix compilation and reword descriptions
  clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex
  clk: samsung: cpu: use kzalloc_flex
  clk: samsung: pll: use kzalloc_flex

 drivers/clk/samsung/clk-cpu.c | 34 +++++++++------------
 drivers/clk/samsung/clk-pll.c | 56 ++++++++++++++++-------------------
 drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c     | 11 +++----
 drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h     |  2 +-
 4 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-)

-- 
2.54.0

[PATCHv2 1/3] clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex

[Rosen Penev]

Simplify allocation by using kzalloc_flex with a flexible array member
to combine allocations. samsung_clk_alloc_reg_dump is no longer needed
for this struct but is needed elsewhere.

Add __counted_by for extra runtime analysis. Move counting variable
assignment after kzalloc_flex which does the same with GCC 15 and above.

Signed-off-by: Rosen Penev <rosenp@gmail.com>
---
 drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c | 11 ++++++-----
 drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c
index 91e5cdbc79d7..2895c77534ae 100644
--- a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c
+++ b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c
@@ -430,21 +430,22 @@ void samsung_clk_extended_sleep_init(void __iomem *reg_base,
 			unsigned long nr_rsuspend)
 {
 	struct samsung_clock_reg_cache *reg_cache;
+	int i;
 
-	reg_cache = kzalloc_obj(struct samsung_clock_reg_cache);
+	reg_cache = kzalloc_flex(*reg_cache, rdump, nr_rdump);
 	if (!reg_cache)
 		panic("could not allocate register reg_cache.\n");
-	reg_cache->rdump = samsung_clk_alloc_reg_dump(rdump, nr_rdump);
 
-	if (!reg_cache->rdump)
-		panic("could not allocate register dump storage.\n");
+	reg_cache->rd_num = nr_rdump;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_rdump; ++i)
+		reg_cache->rdump[i].offset = rdump[i];
 
 	if (list_empty(&clock_reg_cache_list))
 		register_syscore(&samsung_clk_syscore);
 
 	reg_cache->reg_base = reg_base;
 	reg_cache->sysreg = sysreg;
-	reg_cache->rd_num = nr_rdump;
 	reg_cache->rsuspend = rsuspend;
 	reg_cache->rsuspend_num = nr_rsuspend;
 	list_add_tail(&reg_cache->node, &clock_reg_cache_list);
diff --git a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h
index b1192ca03db5..098f27a6290d 100644
--- a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h
+++ b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h
@@ -324,10 +324,10 @@ struct samsung_clock_reg_cache {
 	struct list_head node;
 	void __iomem *reg_base;
 	struct regmap *sysreg;
-	struct samsung_clk_reg_dump *rdump;
 	unsigned int rd_num;
 	const struct samsung_clk_reg_dump *rsuspend;
 	unsigned int rsuspend_num;
+	struct samsung_clk_reg_dump rdump[] __counted_by(rd_num);
 };
 
 /**
-- 
2.54.0

Re: [PATCHv2 1/3] clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex

[Brian Masney]

Hi Rosen,

On Wed, May 06, 2026 at 04:38:31PM -0700, Rosen Penev wrote:
> Simplify allocation by using kzalloc_flex with a flexible array member
> to combine allocations. samsung_clk_alloc_reg_dump is no longer needed
> for this struct but is needed elsewhere.
> 
> Add __counted_by for extra runtime analysis. Move counting variable
> assignment after kzalloc_flex which does the same with GCC 15 and above.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Rosen Penev <rosenp@gmail.com>
> ---
>  drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c | 11 ++++++-----
>  drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h |  2 +-
>  2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c
> index 91e5cdbc79d7..2895c77534ae 100644
> --- a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c
> +++ b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c
> @@ -430,21 +430,22 @@ void samsung_clk_extended_sleep_init(void __iomem *reg_base,
>  			unsigned long nr_rsuspend)
>  {
>  	struct samsung_clock_reg_cache *reg_cache;
> +	int i;
>  
> -	reg_cache = kzalloc_obj(struct samsung_clock_reg_cache);
> +	reg_cache = kzalloc_flex(*reg_cache, rdump, nr_rdump);
>  	if (!reg_cache)
>  		panic("could not allocate register reg_cache.\n");
> -	reg_cache->rdump = samsung_clk_alloc_reg_dump(rdump, nr_rdump);

samsung_clk_alloc_reg_dump() is used in three other places. Is it
possible to convert those 3 places in a similar fashion so that this
function can be dropped?

>  
> -	if (!reg_cache->rdump)
> -		panic("could not allocate register dump storage.\n");
> +	reg_cache->rd_num = nr_rdump;
> +
> +	for (i = 0; i < nr_rdump; ++i)
> +		reg_cache->rdump[i].offset = rdump[i];
>  
>  	if (list_empty(&clock_reg_cache_list))
>  		register_syscore(&samsung_clk_syscore);
>  
>  	reg_cache->reg_base = reg_base;
>  	reg_cache->sysreg = sysreg;
> -	reg_cache->rd_num = nr_rdump;
>  	reg_cache->rsuspend = rsuspend;
>  	reg_cache->rsuspend_num = nr_rsuspend;
>  	list_add_tail(&reg_cache->node, &clock_reg_cache_list);
> diff --git a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h
> index b1192ca03db5..098f27a6290d 100644
> --- a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h
> +++ b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h
> @@ -324,10 +324,10 @@ struct samsung_clock_reg_cache {
>  	struct list_head node;
>  	void __iomem *reg_base;
>  	struct regmap *sysreg;
> -	struct samsung_clk_reg_dump *rdump;
>  	unsigned int rd_num;
>  	const struct samsung_clk_reg_dump *rsuspend;
>  	unsigned int rsuspend_num;
> +	struct samsung_clk_reg_dump rdump[] __counted_by(rd_num);

Personally I think the rd_num should be above rdump so that they are
together.

Brian

[PATCHv2 2/3] clk: samsung: cpu: use kzalloc_flex

[Rosen Penev]

Use a flexible array member to combine allocations.

As kmemdup_array is really kcalloc + memcpy and kzalloc_flex kzalloc +
kcalloc, kzalloc and kcalloc combine leaving the memcpy.

Add __counted_by for extra runtime analysis. Remove fake const num_cfgs.
It needs to be assigned for __counted_by to work.

Signed-off-by: Rosen Penev <rosenp@gmail.com>
---
 drivers/clk/samsung/clk-cpu.c | 34 ++++++++++++++--------------------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk-cpu.c b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk-cpu.c
index ffc33e5decf5..37cf47533dc6 100644
--- a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk-cpu.c
+++ b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk-cpu.c
@@ -101,11 +101,11 @@ struct exynos_cpuclk {
 	const struct clk_hw			*alt_parent;
 	void __iomem				*base;
 	spinlock_t				*lock;
-	const struct exynos_cpuclk_cfg_data	*cfg;
-	const unsigned long			num_cfgs;
+	unsigned long				num_cfgs;
 	struct notifier_block			clk_nb;
 	unsigned long				flags;
 	const struct exynos_cpuclk_chip		*chip;
+	struct exynos_cpuclk_cfg_data		cfg[] __counted_by(num_cfgs);
 };
 
 /* ---- Common code --------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -660,10 +660,6 @@ static int __init exynos_register_cpu_clock(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	cpuclk = kzalloc_obj(*cpuclk);
-	if (!cpuclk)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
 	parent_name = clk_hw_get_name(parent);
 
 	init.name = clk_data->name;
@@ -672,6 +668,17 @@ static int __init exynos_register_cpu_clock(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 	init.num_parents = 1;
 	init.ops = &exynos_cpuclk_clk_ops;
 
+	/* Find count of configuration rates in cfg */
+	for (num_cfgs = 0; clk_data->cfg[num_cfgs].prate != 0; )
+		num_cfgs++;
+
+	cpuclk = kzalloc_flex(*cpuclk, cfg, num_cfgs);
+	if (!cpuclk)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	cpuclk->num_cfgs = num_cfgs;
+
+	memcpy(cpuclk->cfg, clk_data->cfg, num_cfgs * sizeof(*cpuclk->cfg));
 	cpuclk->alt_parent = alt_parent;
 	cpuclk->hw.init = &init;
 	cpuclk->base = ctx->reg_base + clk_data->offset;
@@ -687,29 +694,16 @@ static int __init exynos_register_cpu_clock(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 		goto free_cpuclk;
 	}
 
-	/* Find count of configuration rates in cfg */
-	for (num_cfgs = 0; clk_data->cfg[num_cfgs].prate != 0; )
-		num_cfgs++;
-
-	cpuclk->cfg = kmemdup_array(clk_data->cfg, num_cfgs, sizeof(*cpuclk->cfg),
-				    GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!cpuclk->cfg) {
-		ret = -ENOMEM;
-		goto unregister_clk_nb;
-	}
-
 	ret = clk_hw_register(NULL, &cpuclk->hw);
 	if (ret) {
 		pr_err("%s: could not register cpuclk %s\n", __func__,
 		       clk_data->name);
-		goto free_cpuclk_data;
+		goto unregister_clk_nb;
 	}
 
 	samsung_clk_add_lookup(ctx, &cpuclk->hw, clk_data->id);
 	return 0;
 
-free_cpuclk_data:
-	kfree(cpuclk->cfg);
 unregister_clk_nb:
 	clk_notifier_unregister(parent->clk, &cpuclk->clk_nb);
 free_cpuclk:
-- 
2.54.0

[PATCHv2 3/3] clk: samsung: pll: use kzalloc_flex

[Rosen Penev]

Simplify allocation by using a flexible array member to combine
allocations and remove a kfree.

Use __counted_by for extra runtime analysis.

Since rate_table is now a flexible array member, NULL checks don't work.
So use the counting variable to check allocation.

Signed-off-by: Rosen Penev <rosenp@gmail.com>
---
 drivers/clk/samsung/clk-pll.c | 56 ++++++++++++++++-------------------
 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk-pll.c b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk-pll.c
index fdb84bcec912..e74552846ba3 100644
--- a/drivers/clk/samsung/clk-pll.c
+++ b/drivers/clk/samsung/clk-pll.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ struct samsung_clk_pll {
 	unsigned short		lock_offs;
 	enum samsung_pll_type	type;
 	unsigned int		rate_count;
-	const struct samsung_pll_rate_table *rate_table;
+	struct samsung_pll_rate_table rate_table[] __counted_by(rate_count);
 };
 
 #define to_clk_pll(_hw) container_of(_hw, struct samsung_clk_pll, hw)
@@ -1593,35 +1593,32 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 {
 	struct samsung_clk_pll *pll;
 	struct clk_init_data init;
-	int ret, len;
+	unsigned int len = 0;
+	int ret;
 
-	pll = kzalloc_obj(*pll);
+	if (pll_clk->rate_table) {
+		/* find count of rates in rate_table */
+		while (pll_clk->rate_table[len].rate != 0)
+			len++;
+	}
+
+	pll = kzalloc_flex(*pll, rate_table, len);
 	if (!pll) {
 		pr_err("%s: could not allocate pll clk %s\n",
 			__func__, pll_clk->name);
 		return;
 	}
 
+	pll->rate_count = len;
+	if (len)
+		memcpy(pll->rate_table, pll_clk->rate_table,
+		       len * sizeof(*pll->rate_table));
+
 	init.name = pll_clk->name;
 	init.flags = pll_clk->flags;
 	init.parent_names = &pll_clk->parent_name;
 	init.num_parents = 1;
 
-	if (pll_clk->rate_table) {
-		/* find count of rates in rate_table */
-		for (len = 0; pll_clk->rate_table[len].rate != 0; )
-			len++;
-
-		pll->rate_count = len;
-		pll->rate_table = kmemdup_array(pll_clk->rate_table,
-						pll->rate_count,
-						sizeof(*pll->rate_table),
-						GFP_KERNEL);
-		WARN(!pll->rate_table,
-			"%s: could not allocate rate table for %s\n",
-			__func__, pll_clk->name);
-	}
-
 	switch (pll_clk->type) {
 	case pll_2126:
 		init.ops = &samsung_pll2126_clk_ops;
@@ -1640,7 +1637,7 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 	case pll_a9fracm:
 		pll->enable_offs = PLL35XX_ENABLE_SHIFT;
 		pll->lock_offs = PLL35XX_LOCK_STAT_SHIFT;
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll35xx_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll35xx_clk_ops;
@@ -1659,7 +1656,7 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 	case pll_0732x:
 		pll->enable_offs = PLL0822X_ENABLE_SHIFT;
 		pll->lock_offs = PLL0822X_LOCK_STAT_SHIFT;
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll0822x_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll0822x_clk_ops;
@@ -1669,7 +1666,7 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 		break;
 	case pll_4502:
 	case pll_4508:
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll45xx_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll45xx_clk_ops;
@@ -1679,7 +1676,7 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 	case pll_2650:
 		pll->enable_offs = PLL36XX_ENABLE_SHIFT;
 		pll->lock_offs = PLL36XX_LOCK_STAT_SHIFT;
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll36xx_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll36xx_clk_ops;
@@ -1687,7 +1684,7 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 	case pll_0831x:
 		pll->enable_offs = PLL0831X_ENABLE_SHIFT;
 		pll->lock_offs = PLL0831X_LOCK_STAT_SHIFT;
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll0831x_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll0831x_clk_ops;
@@ -1703,7 +1700,7 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 	case pll_4650:
 	case pll_4650c:
 	case pll_1460x:
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll46xx_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll46xx_clk_ops;
@@ -1712,19 +1709,19 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 		init.ops = &samsung_pll2550x_clk_ops;
 		break;
 	case pll_2550xx:
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll2550xx_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll2550xx_clk_ops;
 		break;
 	case pll_2650x:
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll2650x_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll2650x_clk_ops;
 		break;
 	case pll_2650xx:
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll2650xx_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll2650xx_clk_ops;
@@ -1734,7 +1731,7 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 		init.ops = &samsung_pll531x_clk_ops;
 		break;
 	case pll_1031x:
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll1031x_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_pll1031x_clk_ops;
@@ -1742,7 +1739,7 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 	case pll_a9fraco:
 		pll->enable_offs = PLLA9FRACO_ENABLE_SHIFT;
 		pll->lock_offs = PLLA9FRACO_LOCK_STAT_SHIFT;
-		if (!pll->rate_table)
+		if (!pll->rate_count)
 			init.ops = &samsung_a9fraco_clk_min_ops;
 		else
 			init.ops = &samsung_a9fraco_clk_ops;
@@ -1761,7 +1758,6 @@ static void __init _samsung_clk_register_pll(struct samsung_clk_provider *ctx,
 	if (ret) {
 		pr_err("%s: failed to register pll clock %s : %d\n",
 			__func__, pll_clk->name, ret);
-		kfree(pll->rate_table);
 		kfree(pll);
 		return;
 	}
-- 
2.54.0

Re: [PATCHv2 0/3] clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex

[Tudor Ambarus]

Hi!

On 5/7/26 2:38 AM, Rosen Penev wrote:
> Switch three structs to flexible array members to combine allocations.
> 

What's changed in v2?

Cheers,
ta
> Rosen Penev (3):
>   v2: fix compilation and reword descriptions
>   clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex
>   clk: samsung: cpu: use kzalloc_flex
>   clk: samsung: pll: use kzalloc_flex
> 
>  drivers/clk/samsung/clk-cpu.c | 34 +++++++++------------
>  drivers/clk/samsung/clk-pll.c | 56 ++++++++++++++++-------------------
>  drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c     | 11 +++----
>  drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h     |  2 +-
>  4 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-)
> 

Re: [PATCHv2 0/3] clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex

[Rosen Penev]

On Thu, May 7, 2026 at 1:33 AM Tudor Ambarus <tudor.ambarus@linaro.org> wrote:
>
> Hi!
>
> On 5/7/26 2:38 AM, Rosen Penev wrote:
> > Switch three structs to flexible array members to combine allocations.
> >
>
> What's changed in v2?
Fixed compilation by adding back samsung_clk_alloc_reg_dump as it's
used elsewhere.
>
> Cheers,
> ta
> > Rosen Penev (3):
> >   v2: fix compilation and reword descriptions
> >   clk: samsung: use kzalloc_flex
> >   clk: samsung: cpu: use kzalloc_flex
> >   clk: samsung: pll: use kzalloc_flex
> >
> >  drivers/clk/samsung/clk-cpu.c | 34 +++++++++------------
> >  drivers/clk/samsung/clk-pll.c | 56 ++++++++++++++++-------------------
> >  drivers/clk/samsung/clk.c     | 11 +++----
> >  drivers/clk/samsung/clk.h     |  2 +-
> >  4 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-)
> >
>