[PATCH v3 0/2] drm: Add DRM driver for GlandaGPU (VHDL soft-IP GPU)

[PATCH v3 0/2] drm: Add DRM driver for GlandaGPU (VHDL soft-IP GPU)

[Leander Kieweg]

This is v3 of the GlandaGPU DRM driver series [1][2]. It addresses
review feedback from Krzysztof Kozlowski and the automated review
bot on v2.

GlandaGPU is a small VHDL soft-IP 2D display controller, currently
targeting a Terasic DE10-Standard (Cyclone V SoC). This series has
been tested against a QEMU digital twin and on real hardware.

Hardware/VHDL:   https://github.com/stiangglanda/GlandaGPU
QEMU fork:       https://github.com/stiangglanda/qemu-glandagpu
Userspace tests: https://github.com/stiangglanda/GlandaGPU-userspace-tests

Changes since v2:

dt-bindings:
- Switch from the "glanda," vendor prefix to a personal prefix,
  "kieweg," since this is a personal hobby project, not backed by an
  organization. Update vendor-prefixes.yaml, the binding
  file name, and $id accordingly (Krzysztof Kozlowski).

driver core:
- Fix ignored return value of drm_mode_config_init().
- Fix hardware interrupts being left enabled if drm_dev_register()
  fails, which could lead to an unhandled interrupt storm.
- Add resource size validation before I/O memory mapping, closing
  an out-of-bounds mapping/write.
- Fix userspace atomic commits hanging when the driver falls back
  to polling mode (no IRQ), because vblank events were armed but
  never signaled.
- Enable only the INT_VSYNC interrupt. INT_DONE had been enabled
  unnecessarily which could cause an interrupt storm.
- Fix pixel readback to treat framebuffer data as little-endian
  explicitly, which broke color conversion on big-endian hosts.
- Add missing Kconfig dependencies for DRM_GLANDA.
- Use platform_get_irq_optional() instead of platform_get_irq()
  for the optional IRQ, avoiding log spam.
- Drop drm_info()/drm_warn() messages on success paths, drop
  redundant "end of table" comments, and fix the of_match_table
  indentation (Krzysztof Kozlowski).

On the question of what this brings to the community beyond myself:
I don't have an existing user base, and I want to be upfront about
that. I built this to learn how a DRM/KMS driver is put together
end to end, from VHDL soft-IP to kernel driver. What it does provide
is a small, complete reference for exactly that path, plus a QEMU
digital twin that lets anyone poke at a GlandaGPU-compatible device
without owning the physical board. I raised this same concern during
the RFC review, and Thomas Zimmermann's answer at the time was that
we already carry a driver for a hobbyist-built RasPi USB display, so
being a hobby project is not a blocker in itself. I'd rather have
this maintained in-tree, with review, than as an out-of-tree module
nobody ever looks at.

[1] v1: https://lore.kernel.org/dri-devel/20260714101146.200416-1-kieweg.leander@gmail.com/T/#t
[2] v2: https://lore.kernel.org/dri-devel/20260730173643.256052-1-kieweg.leander@gmail.com/T/#t

Leander Kieweg (2):
  dt-bindings: display: Add GlandaGPU binding
  drm/glanda: Add initial DRM driver for GlandaGPU

 .../bindings/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml          |  55 ++
 .../devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml  |   2 +
 MAINTAINERS                                   |   6 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig                  |  11 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile                 |   1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c              | 587 ++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 662 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml
 create mode 100644 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c

-- 
2.43.0

[PATCH v3 1/2] dt-bindings: display: Add GlandaGPU binding

[Leander Kieweg]

Add Device Tree binding documentation for GlandaGPU, a custom
FPGA-based 2D display controller.

For hardware designs and RTL sources, see:
https://github.com/stiangglanda/GlandaGPU

Signed-off-by: Leander Kieweg <kieweg.leander@gmail.com>
---
 .../bindings/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml          | 55 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml  |  2 +
 2 files changed, 57 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml

diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c0fda8438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
+%YAML 1.2
+---
+$id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml#
+$schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
+
+title: GlandaGPU 2D Hardware Accelerated Display Controller
+
+maintainers:
+  - Leander Kieweg <kieweg.leander@gmail.com>
+
+description: |
+  GlandaGPU is a custom FPGA soft-IP core providing a simple
+  2D hardware-accelerated drawing engine with a VGA-compatible
+  display output. The register window covers a combined VRAM + MMIO
+  region, with MMIO registers at a fixed offset within it.
+
+  For hardware designs and RTL sources, see:
+  https://github.com/stiangglanda/GlandaGPU
+
+properties:
+  compatible:
+    const: kieweg,gpu-1.0
+
+  reg:
+    maxItems: 1
+    description:
+      Combined VRAM + MMIO register window (VRAM at offset 0,
+      MMIO registers at offset 0x00200000 within this range).
+
+  interrupts:
+    maxItems: 1
+
+  clocks:
+    maxItems: 1
+    description: Bus and pixel clock provided to the FPGA IP.
+
+required:
+  - compatible
+  - reg
+  - clocks
+
+additionalProperties: false
+
+examples:
+  - |
+    #include <dt-bindings/interrupt-controller/arm-gic.h>
+
+    gpu@c0000000 {
+        compatible = "kieweg,gpu-1.0";
+        reg = <0xc0000000 0x1000000>;
+        interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
+        interrupts = <GIC_SPI 43 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
+        clocks = <&osc1>;
+    };
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
index b1af9deac..fd2fd5ea2 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
@@ -666,6 +666,8 @@ patternProperties:
     description: Giantplus Technology Co., Ltd.
   "^gira,.*":
     description: Gira Giersiepen GmbH & Co. KG
+  "^kieweg,.*":
+    description: Leander Kieweg
   "^glinet,.*":
     description: GL Intelligence, Inc.
   "^globalscale,.*":
-- 
2.43.0

[PATCH v3 2/2] drm/glanda: Add initial DRM driver for GlandaGPU

[Leander Kieweg]

Introduce the core DRM/KMS driver for GlandaGPU. This driver
supports basic modesetting, atomic updates via shadow plane helpers,
and optional QEMU PCI probing alongside the platform driver.

Signed-off-by: Leander Kieweg <kieweg.leander@gmail.com>
---
 MAINTAINERS                      |   6 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig     |  11 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile    |   1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c | 587 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 605 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index 6dea93a41..c16d1ed70 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -8076,6 +8076,12 @@ T:	git https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/drm/misc/kernel.git
 F:	drivers/gpu/drm/gud/
 F:	include/drm/gud.h
 
+DRM DRIVER FOR GLANDAGPU
+M:	Leander Kieweg <kieweg.leander@gmail.com>
+S:	Maintained
+F:	Documentation/devicetree/bindings/display/kieweg,gpu.yaml
+F:	drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c
+
 DRM DRIVER FOR GRAIN MEDIA GM12U320 PROJECTORS
 M:	Hans de Goede <hansg@kernel.org>
 S:	Maintained
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig
index f0e72d4b6..267b3103d 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Kconfig
@@ -56,6 +56,17 @@ config DRM_CIRRUS_QEMU
 	   - qxl (DRM_QXL, qemu -vga qxl, works best with spice)
 	   - virtio (DRM_VIRTIO_GPU), qemu -vga virtio)
 
+config DRM_GLANDA
+	tristate "GlandaGPU DRM driver"
+	depends on DRM && MMU && (PCI || COMPILE_TEST)
+	select DRM_KMS_HELPER
+	select DRM_GEM_SHMEM_HELPER
+	help
+	  DRM/KMS driver for the GlandaGPU display controller
+	  (FPGA soft IP). This driver supports basic modesetting,
+	  dumb buffers, and atomic updates via shadow planes.
+	  It also provides PCI probing for QEMU testing.
+
 config DRM_GM12U320
 	tristate "GM12U320 driver for USB projectors"
 	depends on DRM && USB && MMU
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile
index 48d30bf61..b4fa1554a 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/Makefile
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_APPLETBDRM)		+= appletbdrm.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_ARCPGU)		+= arcpgu.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_BOCHS)			+= bochs.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_CIRRUS_QEMU)		+= cirrus-qemu.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_GLANDA) 			+= glandagpu.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_GM12U320)		+= gm12u320.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_PANEL_MIPI_DBI)	+= panel-mipi-dbi.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DRM_PIXPAPER)              += pixpaper.o
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a91e00f71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c
@@ -0,0 +1,587 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>	/* udelay (polling) */
+#include <linux/of.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>		/* GFP_KERNEL */
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/iosys-map.h>
+
+#include <drm/drm_drv.h>
+#include <drm/drm_device.h>
+#include <drm/drm_file.h>
+#include <drm/drm_gem.h>
+#include <drm/drm_ioctl.h>
+#include <drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_gem_atomic_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_framebuffer.h>
+#include <drm/drm_vblank.h>
+
+#include <drm/drm_connector.h>
+#include <drm/drm_encoder.h>
+#include <drm/drm_modeset_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_probe_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_crtc.h>
+#include <drm/drm_crtc_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_modeset_helper_vtables.h>
+#include <drm/drm_plane.h>
+#include <drm/drm_fourcc.h>
+#include <drm/drm_atomic.h>
+#include <drm/drm_atomic_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_damage_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_print.h>
+
+/* Hardware Constants */
+#define GLANDA_WIDTH      640
+#define GLANDA_HEIGHT     480
+#define GLANDA_VRAM_SIZE  (GLANDA_WIDTH * GLANDA_HEIGHT * 4)
+#define GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE  32
+#define GLANDA_MMIO_OFFSET 0x00200000
+
+/* QEMU test device ID, from the range reserved for experimental use (docs/specs/pci-ids.rst). */
+#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_GLANDA_GPU 0x10f0
+
+/* Register Offsets */
+#define REG_STATUS  0x00
+#define REG_CTRL    0x04
+#define REG_COORD0  0x08
+#define REG_COORD1  0x0C
+#define REG_COLOR   0x10
+#define REG_ISR     0x14
+#define REG_IER     0x18
+
+/* Bit Masks */
+#define INT_DONE    BIT(0)
+#define INT_VSYNC   BIT(1)
+
+#define STATUS_BUSY BIT(0)
+#define CMD_CLEAR   (0x1)
+#define CMD_RECT    (0x2)
+#define CMD_LINE    (0x3)
+#define CTRL_START  BIT(4)
+
+struct glanda_device {
+	struct drm_device drm;
+
+	/* hw */
+	void __iomem *mmio_base;
+	void __iomem *vram_base;
+	phys_addr_t vram_phys;
+
+	int irq;
+
+	/* drm */
+	struct drm_plane primary_plane;
+	struct drm_crtc crtc;
+	struct drm_encoder encoder;
+	struct drm_connector connector;
+};
+
+#define to_glanda(dev) container_of(dev, struct glanda_device, drm)
+
+static const u32 glanda_plane_formats[] = {
+	DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888,
+};
+
+static void glanda_plane_atomic_update(struct drm_plane *plane,
+				       struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	struct drm_plane_state *new_state = drm_atomic_get_new_plane_state(state, plane);
+	struct drm_shadow_plane_state *shadow_state = to_drm_shadow_plane_state(new_state);
+	struct drm_framebuffer *fb = new_state->fb;
+	struct glanda_device *gdev = to_glanda(plane->dev);
+	u32 src_pitch, width, height, x, y;
+	int idx;
+
+	if (!fb)
+		return;
+
+	if (!drm_dev_enter(plane->dev, &idx))
+		return;
+
+	src_pitch = fb->pitches[0];
+	width = min_t(u32, fb->width, GLANDA_WIDTH);
+	height = min_t(u32, fb->height, GLANDA_HEIGHT);
+
+	for (y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+		size_t offset = y * GLANDA_WIDTH * sizeof(u32);
+		u32 __iomem *dst = (u32 __iomem *)(gdev->vram_base + offset);
+
+		for (x = 0; x < width; x++) {
+			u32 pixel = iosys_map_rd(&shadow_state->data[0],
+						 y * src_pitch + x * sizeof(u32), u32);
+			pixel = le32_to_cpu((__force __le32)pixel);
+			u32 packed = ((pixel >> 12) & 0x0F00) |
+				((pixel >> 8) & 0x00F0) |
+				((pixel >> 4) & 0x000F);
+
+			writel_relaxed(packed, &dst[x]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	drm_dev_exit(idx);
+}
+
+static int glanda_plane_atomic_check(struct drm_plane *plane,
+				     struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	struct drm_plane_state *new_plane_state = drm_atomic_get_new_plane_state(state, plane);
+	struct drm_crtc_state *crtc_state;
+
+	if (!new_plane_state->crtc)
+		return 0;
+
+	crtc_state = drm_atomic_get_new_crtc_state(state, new_plane_state->crtc);
+
+	return drm_atomic_helper_check_plane_state(new_plane_state, crtc_state,
+		DRM_PLANE_NO_SCALING, DRM_PLANE_NO_SCALING,
+		false,	/* can_position */
+		false	/* can_update_disabled */);
+}
+
+static const struct drm_plane_helper_funcs glanda_plane_helper_funcs = {
+	DRM_GEM_SHADOW_PLANE_HELPER_FUNCS,
+	.atomic_update = glanda_plane_atomic_update,
+	.atomic_check = glanda_plane_atomic_check,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_plane_funcs glanda_plane_funcs = {
+	.update_plane = drm_atomic_helper_update_plane,
+	.disable_plane = drm_atomic_helper_disable_plane,
+	.destroy = drm_plane_cleanup,
+	DRM_GEM_SHADOW_PLANE_FUNCS,
+};
+
+static int glanda_connector_get_modes(struct drm_connector *connector)
+{
+	struct drm_display_mode *mode;
+
+	mode = drm_mode_create(connector->dev);
+	if (!mode) {
+		dev_err(connector->dev->dev, "GlandaGPU: failed to create display mode\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Standard VGA timing: 640x480 @ 60 Hz. */
+	mode->hdisplay = 640;
+	mode->hsync_start = 656;
+	mode->hsync_end = 752;
+	mode->htotal = 800;
+
+	mode->vdisplay = 480;
+	mode->vsync_start = 490;
+	mode->vsync_end = 492;
+	mode->vtotal = 525;
+
+	mode->clock = 25175;	/* 25.175 MHz pixel clock */
+
+	mode->flags = DRM_MODE_FLAG_NHSYNC | DRM_MODE_FLAG_NVSYNC;
+	mode->type = DRM_MODE_TYPE_DRIVER | DRM_MODE_TYPE_PREFERRED;
+
+	drm_mode_set_name(mode);
+	drm_mode_probed_add(connector, mode);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static enum drm_connector_status glanda_connector_detect(struct drm_connector
+							 *connector, bool force)
+{
+	return connector_status_connected;
+}
+
+static int glanda_crtc_enable_vblank(struct drm_crtc *crtc)
+{
+	struct glanda_device *gdev = to_glanda(crtc->dev);
+	u32 ier;
+
+	ier = readl(gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+	writel(ier | INT_VSYNC, gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void glanda_crtc_disable_vblank(struct drm_crtc *crtc)
+{
+	struct glanda_device *gdev = to_glanda(crtc->dev);
+	u32 ier = readl(gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+
+	writel(ier & ~INT_VSYNC, gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+}
+
+static void glanda_crtc_atomic_enable(struct drm_crtc *crtc,
+				      struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	drm_crtc_vblank_on(crtc);
+}
+
+static void glanda_crtc_atomic_disable(struct drm_crtc *crtc,
+				       struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	drm_crtc_vblank_off(crtc);
+}
+
+static void glanda_crtc_atomic_flush(struct drm_crtc *crtc,
+				     struct drm_atomic_commit *state)
+{
+	struct glanda_device *gdev = to_glanda(crtc->dev);
+	struct drm_crtc_state *new_state = drm_atomic_get_new_crtc_state(state, crtc);
+	struct drm_pending_vblank_event *event;
+
+	if (new_state->event) {
+		event = new_state->event;
+		new_state->event = NULL;
+
+		spin_lock_irq(&crtc->dev->event_lock);
+
+		if (gdev->irq > 0 && drm_crtc_vblank_get(crtc) == 0)
+			drm_crtc_arm_vblank_event(crtc, event);
+		else
+			drm_crtc_send_vblank_event(crtc, event);
+
+		spin_unlock_irq(&crtc->dev->event_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+static const struct drm_crtc_funcs glanda_crtc_funcs = {
+	.destroy = drm_crtc_cleanup,
+	.set_config = drm_atomic_helper_set_config,
+	.page_flip = drm_atomic_helper_page_flip,
+	.reset = drm_atomic_helper_crtc_reset,
+	.atomic_duplicate_state = drm_atomic_helper_crtc_duplicate_state,
+	.atomic_destroy_state = drm_atomic_helper_crtc_destroy_state,
+	.enable_vblank = glanda_crtc_enable_vblank,
+	.disable_vblank = glanda_crtc_disable_vblank,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_crtc_helper_funcs glanda_crtc_helper_funcs = {
+	.atomic_enable = glanda_crtc_atomic_enable,
+	.atomic_disable = glanda_crtc_atomic_disable,
+	.atomic_flush = glanda_crtc_atomic_flush,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_connector_helper_funcs glanda_connector_helper_funcs = {
+	.get_modes = glanda_connector_get_modes,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_encoder_funcs glanda_encoder_funcs = {
+	.destroy = drm_encoder_cleanup,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_connector_funcs glanda_connector_funcs = {
+	.fill_modes = drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes,
+	.destroy = drm_connector_cleanup,
+	.detect = glanda_connector_detect,
+	.reset = drm_atomic_helper_connector_reset,
+	.atomic_duplicate_state = drm_atomic_helper_connector_duplicate_state,
+	.atomic_destroy_state = drm_atomic_helper_connector_destroy_state,
+};
+
+static const struct drm_mode_config_funcs glanda_mode_config_funcs = {
+	.fb_create = drm_gem_fb_create_with_dirty,
+	.atomic_check = drm_atomic_helper_check,
+	.atomic_commit = drm_atomic_helper_commit,
+};
+
+DEFINE_DRM_GEM_FOPS(glanda_drm_fops);
+
+static const struct drm_driver glanda_drm_driver = {
+	.driver_features =
+	    DRIVER_GEM | DRIVER_MODESET | DRIVER_ATOMIC,
+	.name = "glandagpu",
+	.desc = "GlandaGPU Hardware Accelerated DRM Driver",
+	.major = 1,
+	.minor = 0,
+	.fops = &glanda_drm_fops,
+	.dumb_create = drm_gem_shmem_dumb_create,
+};
+
+static irqreturn_t glanda_irq_handler(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct glanda_device *gdev = dev_id;
+	u32 isr, ier;
+
+	if (!gdev || !gdev->mmio_base)
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+
+	isr = readl(gdev->mmio_base + REG_ISR);
+	ier = readl(gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+
+	if (!(isr & ier))
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+
+	if (isr & INT_VSYNC)
+		drm_crtc_handle_vblank(&gdev->crtc);
+
+	/* Clear interrupt(W1C) */
+	writel(isr, gdev->mmio_base + REG_ISR);
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+/* Common DRM setup once MMIO/VRAM/IRQ are known(used by both probe paths) */
+static int glanda_drm_init(struct glanda_device *gdev, int irq)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	gdev->irq = -1;
+
+	writel(0, gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+	writel(0xFFFFFFFF, gdev->mmio_base + REG_ISR);	/* clear flags */
+
+	/* DRM mode config */
+	ret = drm_mode_config_init(&gdev->drm);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	gdev->drm.mode_config.min_width = 640;
+	gdev->drm.mode_config.min_height = 480;
+	gdev->drm.mode_config.max_width = 640;
+	gdev->drm.mode_config.max_height = 480;
+	gdev->drm.mode_config.funcs = &glanda_mode_config_funcs;
+
+	ret = drm_universal_plane_init(&gdev->drm, &gdev->primary_plane, 1 << 0,
+				       &glanda_plane_funcs,
+				       glanda_plane_formats,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(glanda_plane_formats), NULL,
+				       DRM_PLANE_TYPE_PRIMARY, NULL);
+	if (ret) {
+		drm_err(&gdev->drm, "Failed to initialize primary plane\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	drm_plane_helper_add(&gdev->primary_plane, &glanda_plane_helper_funcs);
+
+	/* VBlank init */
+	ret = drm_vblank_init(&gdev->drm, 1);
+	if (ret) {
+		drm_err(&gdev->drm, "Failed to initialize vblank\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	/* CRTC init */
+	ret = drm_crtc_init_with_planes(&gdev->drm, &gdev->crtc,
+					&gdev->primary_plane, NULL,
+					&glanda_crtc_funcs, NULL);
+	if (ret) {
+		drm_err(&gdev->drm, "Failed to initialize CRTC with planes\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	drm_crtc_helper_add(&gdev->crtc, &glanda_crtc_helper_funcs);
+
+	ret = drm_encoder_init(&gdev->drm, &gdev->encoder, &glanda_encoder_funcs,
+			       DRM_MODE_ENCODER_DAC, NULL);
+	if (ret) {
+		drm_err(&gdev->drm, "Failed to initialize encoder\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	gdev->encoder.possible_crtcs = 1;
+
+	ret = drm_connector_init(&gdev->drm, &gdev->connector,
+				 &glanda_connector_funcs, DRM_MODE_CONNECTOR_VGA);
+	if (ret) {
+		drm_err(&gdev->drm, "Failed to initialize connector\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	drm_connector_helper_add(&gdev->connector, &glanda_connector_helper_funcs);
+
+	drm_connector_attach_encoder(&gdev->connector, &gdev->encoder);
+
+	/* Populate connector state early so userspace can enumerate modes. */
+	mutex_lock(&gdev->drm.mode_config.mutex);
+	drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes(&gdev->connector, 1024, 768);
+	mutex_unlock(&gdev->drm.mode_config.mutex);
+
+	drm_mode_config_reset(&gdev->drm);
+
+	if (irq > 0) {
+		gdev->irq = irq;
+		ret = devm_request_irq(gdev->drm.dev, gdev->irq, glanda_irq_handler,
+				       IRQF_SHARED, "glandagpu", gdev);
+		if (ret) {
+			drm_err(&gdev->drm, "Failed to request IRQ %d\n",
+				gdev->irq);
+			return ret;
+		}
+
+		writel(INT_VSYNC, gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+	} else {
+		drm_warn(&gdev->drm, "No IRQ found, falling back to polling\n");
+	}
+
+	ret = drm_dev_register(&gdev->drm, 0);
+	if (ret) {
+		writel(0, gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Shared teardown, mirrors glanda_drm_init() */
+static void glanda_drm_fini(struct glanda_device *gdev)
+{
+	drm_dev_unplug(&gdev->drm);
+	drm_atomic_helper_shutdown(&gdev->drm);
+
+	/* Disable interrupts */
+	writel(0, gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
+}
+
+static int glandagpu_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	struct resource *res;
+	struct glanda_device *gdev;
+	int irq;
+
+	gdev = devm_drm_dev_alloc(&pdev->dev, &glanda_drm_driver, struct glanda_device, drm);
+	if (IS_ERR(gdev))
+		return PTR_ERR(gdev);
+
+	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, gdev);
+
+	res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
+	if (!res)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	if (resource_size(res) < GLANDA_MMIO_OFFSET + GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "MMIO region too small: %llu bytes, need at least %u\n",
+			(unsigned long long)resource_size(res),
+			GLANDA_MMIO_OFFSET + GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	gdev->vram_phys = res->start;
+	gdev->vram_base = devm_ioremap(&pdev->dev, res->start, GLANDA_VRAM_SIZE);
+	gdev->mmio_base = devm_ioremap(&pdev->dev, res->start + GLANDA_MMIO_OFFSET,
+								   GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE);
+	if (!gdev->vram_base || !gdev->mmio_base) {
+		drm_err(&gdev->drm, "failed to ioremap\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	irq = platform_get_irq_optional(pdev, 0);
+	if (irq == -ENXIO)
+		irq = -1;	/* no IRQ resource, fall back to polling */
+	else if (irq < 0)
+		return irq;
+
+	return glanda_drm_init(gdev, irq);
+}
+
+static void glandagpu_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	glanda_drm_fini(platform_get_drvdata(pdev));
+}
+
+/* Device Tree match table. */
+static const struct of_device_id glanda_of_match[] = {
+	{ .compatible = "kieweg,gpu-1.0" },
+	{ }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, glanda_of_match);
+
+static struct platform_driver glandagpu_driver = {
+	.driver = {
+		.name = "glandagpu",
+		.of_match_table = glanda_of_match,
+	},
+	.probe = glandagpu_probe,
+	.remove = glandagpu_remove,
+};
+
+/* PCI probe path for the QEMU test device, real hardware uses platform_driver */
+static int glandagpu_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct glanda_device *gdev;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = pcim_enable_device(pdev);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	pci_set_master(pdev);
+
+	if (pci_resource_len(pdev, 0) < GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE ||
+		pci_resource_len(pdev, 1) < GLANDA_VRAM_SIZE) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "BAR too small: BAR0=%llu (need %u), BAR1=%llu (need %u)\n",
+			(unsigned long long)pci_resource_len(pdev, 0), GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE,
+			(unsigned long long)pci_resource_len(pdev, 1), GLANDA_VRAM_SIZE);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	ret = pcim_iomap_regions(pdev, BIT(0) | BIT(1), "glandagpu");
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	gdev = devm_drm_dev_alloc(&pdev->dev, &glanda_drm_driver, struct glanda_device, drm);
+	if (IS_ERR(gdev))
+		return PTR_ERR(gdev);
+
+	pci_set_drvdata(pdev, gdev);
+
+	gdev->mmio_base = pcim_iomap_table(pdev)[0];
+	gdev->vram_base = pcim_iomap_table(pdev)[1];
+	gdev->vram_phys = pci_resource_start(pdev, 1);
+
+	return glanda_drm_init(gdev, pdev->irq);
+}
+
+static void glandagpu_pci_remove(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+	glanda_drm_fini(pci_get_drvdata(pdev));
+}
+
+static const struct pci_device_id glanda_pci_ids[] = {
+	{ PCI_DEVICE(PCI_VENDOR_ID_REDHAT_QUMRANET, PCI_DEVICE_ID_GLANDA_GPU) },
+	{ }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, glanda_pci_ids);
+
+static struct pci_driver glandagpu_pci_driver = {
+	.name = "glandagpu-pci",
+	.id_table = glanda_pci_ids,
+	.probe = glandagpu_pci_probe,
+	.remove = glandagpu_pci_remove,
+};
+
+static int __init glandagpu_init(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = platform_driver_register(&glandagpu_driver);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("GlandaGPU: Failed to register platform driver\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	ret = pci_register_driver(&glandagpu_pci_driver);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("GlandaGPU: Failed to register PCI driver\n");
+		platform_driver_unregister(&glandagpu_driver);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit glandagpu_exit(void)
+{
+	pci_unregister_driver(&glandagpu_pci_driver);
+	platform_driver_unregister(&glandagpu_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(glandagpu_init);
+module_exit(glandagpu_exit);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Leander Kieweg <kieweg.leander@gmail.com>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DRM driver for GlandaGPU, an FPGA-based 2D GPU with VGA output");
-- 
2.43.0

Re: [PATCH v3 1/2] dt-bindings: display: Add GlandaGPU binding

[sashiko-bot]

Thank you for your contribution! Sashiko AI review found 1 potential issue(s) to consider:
- [Low] The new vendor prefix '^kieweg,.*' is inserted out of alphabetical order in vendor-prefixes.yaml.
--

--- Patch [1]: [PATCH v3 1/2] dt-bindings: display: Add GlandaGPU binding ---
commit 987b0ae0b2509987f3bf6af799a254628d7f7d34
Author: Leander Kieweg <kieweg.leander@gmail.com>

dt-bindings: display: Add GlandaGPU binding

This commit adds the Device Tree binding documentation for GlandaGPU, a
custom FPGA-based 2D display controller. It also adds a new vendor prefix
for the author in vendor-prefixes.yaml.

> diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
> index 1e54877628c75..e20d045980ac9 100644
> --- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml
> +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/vendor-prefixes.yaml

[ ... ]

> @@ -668,6 +668,8 @@ patternProperties:
>      description: Giantplus Technology Co., Ltd.
>    "^gira,.*":
>      description: Gira Giersiepen GmbH & Co. KG
> +  "^kieweg,.*":
> +    description: Leander Kieweg

[Severity: Low]
This isn't a bug, but it looks like the new vendor prefix was inserted out of
alphabetical order, landing in the middle of the "g" entries. Should this be
moved down to the "k" section to keep the list ordered and avoid future merge
conflicts?

>    "^glinet,.*":
>      description: GL Intelligence, Inc.
>    "^globalscale,.*":

-- 
Sashiko AI review · https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260824195418.17707-1-kieweg.leander@gmail.com?part=1

Re: [PATCH v3 2/2] drm/glanda: Add initial DRM driver for GlandaGPU

[sashiko-bot]

Thank you for your contribution! Sashiko AI review found 4 potential issue(s) to consider:
- [High] `glanda_crtc_enable_vblank()` enables the hardware VSYNC interrupt without checking if an IRQ handler is registered, leading to an interrupt storm in polling mode.
- [High] VRAM is mapped using standard I/O instead of Write-Combining, causing a severe performance regression.
- [Medium] Unconditionally enabling the VSYNC interrupt during initialization bypasses DRM core's state management, causing unnecessary CPU wakes.
- [Low] Unconditional usage of PCI APIs breaks the build when `CONFIG_PCI` is disabled under `COMPILE_TEST`.
--

--- Patch [2]: [PATCH v3 2/2] drm/glanda: Add initial DRM driver for GlandaGPU ---
commit a32b58ce69a1f7f207f85c416ed56ab0c146bd56
Author: Leander Kieweg <kieweg.leander@gmail.com>

drm/glanda: Add initial DRM driver for GlandaGPU

This commit introduces a new DRM/KMS driver for the GlandaGPU display
controller. It supports basic modesetting and atomic updates via shadow
planes, and allows for both platform and PCI probing.

> diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c
> new file mode 100644
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/tiny/glandagpu.c

[ ... ]

> +static int glanda_crtc_enable_vblank(struct drm_crtc *crtc)
> +{
> +	struct glanda_device *gdev = to_glanda(crtc->dev);
> +	u32 ier;
> +
> +	ier = readl(gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);
> +	writel(ier | INT_VSYNC, gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);

[Severity: High]
Could this cause an unhandled interrupt storm in polling mode?

If the driver falls back to polling mode, such as when
platform_get_irq_optional() returns -ENXIO, gdev->irq is set to -1
and no handler is registered. If a userspace application calls
DRM_IOCTL_WAIT_VBLANK, the DRM core will invoke this callback and enable
the hardware vsync interrupt.

Since there is no IRQ handler to clear the REG_ISR register, the hardware
will keep the interrupt line asserted, which might disable a shared
interrupt line and affect other devices.

> +
> +	return 0;
> +}

[ ... ]

> +static int glanda_drm_init(struct glanda_device *gdev, int irq)
> +{

[ ... ]

> +	if (irq > 0) {
> +		gdev->irq = irq;
> +		ret = devm_request_irq(gdev->drm.dev, gdev->irq, glanda_irq_handler,
> +				       IRQF_SHARED, "glandagpu", gdev);
> +		if (ret) {
> +			drm_err(&gdev->drm, "Failed to request IRQ %d\n",
> +				gdev->irq);
> +			return ret;
> +		}
> +
> +		writel(INT_VSYNC, gdev->mmio_base + REG_IER);

[Severity: Medium]
Is it necessary to unconditionally enable the hardware vsync interrupt here?

The DRM core initializes software vblank state as disabled. Because it is
already considered disabled, the core won't call the disable_vblank()
callback. This means the hardware will fire vsync interrupts continuously
from the moment the driver loads, even when the display is idle.

> +	} else {
> +		drm_warn(&gdev->drm, "No IRQ found, falling back to polling\n");
> +	}

[ ... ]

> +static int glandagpu_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
> +{

[ ... ]

> +	if (resource_size(res) < GLANDA_MMIO_OFFSET + GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE) {
> +		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "MMIO region too small: %llu bytes, need at least %u\n",
> +			(unsigned long long)resource_size(res),
> +			GLANDA_MMIO_OFFSET + GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE);
> +		return -EINVAL;
> +	}
> +
> +	gdev->vram_phys = res->start;
> +	gdev->vram_base = devm_ioremap(&pdev->dev, res->start, GLANDA_VRAM_SIZE);

[Severity: High]
Will this cause severe CPU stalling during atomic frame updates?

The devm_ioremap() function creates a strongly uncacheable memory mapping.
Since glanda_plane_atomic_update() writes hundreds of thousands of pixels
individually using writel_relaxed(), each write will traverse the bus
separately.

Should this memory be mapped using write-combining (e.g., devm_ioremap_wc())
so the CPU can burst writes efficiently?

> +	gdev->mmio_base = devm_ioremap(&pdev->dev, res->start + GLANDA_MMIO_OFFSET,
> +								   GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE);

[ ... ]

> +static struct platform_driver glandagpu_driver = {
> +	.driver = {
> +		.name = "glandagpu",
> +		.of_match_table = glanda_of_match,
> +	},
> +	.probe = glandagpu_probe,
> +	.remove = glandagpu_remove,
> +};
> +
> +/* PCI probe path for the QEMU test device, real hardware uses platform_driver */
> +static int glandagpu_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
> +{

[Severity: Low]
Does this code break the build when the kernel is configured with
CONFIG_DRM_GLANDA=y, CONFIG_COMPILE_TEST=y, and CONFIG_PCI=n?

The Kconfig explicitly allows building without PCI for test coverage, but
functions like pcim_iomap_regions() and pcim_iomap_table() do not have
fallback stubs in the headers when PCI is disabled.

Should the PCI-specific driver code be guarded by #ifdef CONFIG_PCI?

> +	struct glanda_device *gdev;
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	ret = pcim_enable_device(pdev);
> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;
> +	pci_set_master(pdev);
> +
> +	if (pci_resource_len(pdev, 0) < GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE ||
> +		pci_resource_len(pdev, 1) < GLANDA_VRAM_SIZE) {
> +		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "BAR too small: BAR0=%llu (need %u), BAR1=%llu (need %u)\n",
> +			(unsigned long long)pci_resource_len(pdev, 0), GLANDA_MMIO_SIZE,
> +			(unsigned long long)pci_resource_len(pdev, 1), GLANDA_VRAM_SIZE);
> +		return -EINVAL;
> +	}
> +
> +	ret = pcim_iomap_regions(pdev, BIT(0) | BIT(1), "glandagpu");

[Severity: High]
Similar to the platform probe, does this create a strongly uncacheable
mapping for VRAM?

pcim_iomap_regions() defaults to standard I/O mappings. This will likely
cause the same performance degradation during frame updates.

> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;

[ ... ]

-- 
Sashiko AI review · https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260824195418.17707-1-kieweg.leander@gmail.com?part=2