[PATCH v3] driver: fpga: xilinx-selectmap: add csi and rdwr support

[PATCH v3] driver: fpga: xilinx-selectmap: add csi and rdwr support

[Heiko Schocher]

The current driver requests the optional CSI_B and RDWR_B GPIOs but
only configures their initial output state and never changes them
afterwards. As a result, CSI_B and RDWR_B remain inactive throughout
the configuration process.

This may work on systems with a single FPGA where these signals do not
need to be controlled by software, but it does not support systems
with multiple FPGAs sharing a SelectMAP interface.

On systems with multiple FPGAs sharing the same SelectMAP data bus,
the driver must actively control these signals during configuration.

CSI_B (Chip Select, active low) selects the target FPGA. It is asserted
before configuration data is transferred and deasserted afterwards so
that only the intended device responds to bus transactions.

RDWR_B (Read/Write, active low) controls the transfer direction on the
SelectMAP interface. A low level selects write cycles, while a high
level selects read cycles. During FPGA configuration the driver drives
RDWR_B low before transferring the bitstream and restores it to its
reading (high state) afterwards.

Store the optional GPIO descriptors and toggle both signals around the
configuration data transfer, allowing multiple FPGAs to safely share a
single SelectMAP interface.

Tested on an AM625 based board with two Xilinx FPGAs connected to the
GPMC bus.

Signed-off-by: Heiko Schocher <hs@nabladev.com>
---

Changes in v3:
- use 0 (deasserted state) and 1 (asserted state) in gpio_set_value()
  as commented from Micahl
- rewrite commit message as requested from Xu Yilun
  - describe what rdwr_b and csi_b do, and why this change is needed
    for more than one FPGA.
- add comment before asserting the signals, why they are asserted
  in this order.

Changes in v2:
- add comments from Michal
  - skip check if gpio descriptor variables csi_b/rdwr_b are valid,
    as validate_desc() checks this in gpiod_set_value() call.
  - initialize the gpio variables csi_b/rdwr_b immediately with
    the return value from devm_gpiod_get_optional(), so we can
    drop local gpio variable at all

 drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c b/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
index d0cbb5fdfe3a..35078206a3a3 100644
--- a/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
+++ b/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 struct xilinx_selectmap_conf {
 	struct xilinx_fpga_core core;
 	void __iomem *base;
+	struct gpio_desc *csi_b;
+	struct gpio_desc *rdwr_b;
 };
 
 #define to_xilinx_selectmap_conf(obj) \
@@ -30,16 +32,30 @@ static int xilinx_selectmap_write(struct xilinx_fpga_core *core,
 	struct xilinx_selectmap_conf *conf = to_xilinx_selectmap_conf(core);
 	size_t i;
 
+	/*
+	 * Assert CSI_B and select write mode.
+	 *
+	 * UG570 states in note 4 in Figure "Continuous x8 SelectMAP Data
+	 * Loading", RDWR_B should be asserted before CSI_B to avoid
+	 * causing an ABORT on the next CCLK.
+	 *
+	 * To be sure, set first RDWR_B pin before activate CSI_B
+	 */
+	gpiod_set_value(conf->rdwr_b, 1);
+	gpiod_set_value(conf->csi_b, 1);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
 		writeb(buf[i], conf->base);
 
+	gpiod_set_raw_value(conf->csi_b, 0);
+	gpiod_set_raw_value(conf->rdwr_b, 0);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int xilinx_selectmap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
 	struct xilinx_selectmap_conf *conf;
-	struct gpio_desc *gpio;
 	void __iomem *base;
 
 	conf = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*conf), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -56,15 +72,17 @@ static int xilinx_selectmap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	conf->base = base;
 
 	/* CSI_B is active low */
-	gpio = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "csi", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
-	if (IS_ERR(gpio))
-		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(gpio),
+	conf->csi_b = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "csi",
+					      GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
+	if (IS_ERR(conf->csi_b))
+		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(conf->csi_b),
 				     "Failed to get CSI_B gpio\n");
 
 	/* RDWR_B is active low */
-	gpio = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "rdwr", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
-	if (IS_ERR(gpio))
-		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(gpio),
+	conf->rdwr_b = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "rdwr",
+					       GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
+	if (IS_ERR(conf->rdwr_b))
+		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(conf->rdwr_b),
 				     "Failed to get RDWR_B gpio\n");
 
 	return xilinx_core_probe(&conf->core);
---
base-commit: 58717b2a1365d06c8c64b72aa948541b53fe31eb

-- 
2.55.0

Re: [PATCH v3] driver: fpga: xilinx-selectmap: add csi and rdwr support

[Xu Yilun]

On Mon, Jul 27, 2026 at 07:22:10AM +0200, Heiko Schocher wrote:
> The current driver requests the optional CSI_B and RDWR_B GPIOs but
> only configures their initial output state and never changes them
> afterwards. As a result, CSI_B and RDWR_B remain inactive throughout
> the configuration process.

Then how the existing configuration process work if the control signals
are always *INACTIVE*?

> 
> This may work on systems with a single FPGA where these signals do not
> need to be controlled by software,

Is this always the case today? Then why does the existing driver bother
doing the devm_gpiod_get_optional()?

> but it does not support systems
> with multiple FPGAs sharing a SelectMAP interface.
> 
> On systems with multiple FPGAs sharing the same SelectMAP data bus,
> the driver must actively control these signals during configuration.
> 
> CSI_B (Chip Select, active low) selects the target FPGA. It is asserted
> before configuration data is transferred and deasserted afterwards so
> that only the intended device responds to bus transactions.

I still don't understand, only one Chip Select pin defined for each
selectmap device, how could it select between multiple FPGAs?

> 
> RDWR_B (Read/Write, active low) controls the transfer direction on the
> SelectMAP interface. A low level selects write cycles, while a high
> level selects read cycles. During FPGA configuration the driver drives
> RDWR_B low before transferring the bitstream and restores it to its
> reading (high state) afterwards.
> 
> Store the optional GPIO descriptors and toggle both signals around the
> configuration data transfer, allowing multiple FPGAs to safely share a
> single SelectMAP interface.
> 
> Tested on an AM625 based board with two Xilinx FPGAs connected to the
> GPMC bus.

What is GPMC bus, anything to do with "SelectMAP data bus"?

> 
> Signed-off-by: Heiko Schocher <hs@nabladev.com>
> ---
> 
> Changes in v3:
> - use 0 (deasserted state) and 1 (asserted state) in gpio_set_value()
>   as commented from Micahl
> - rewrite commit message as requested from Xu Yilun
>   - describe what rdwr_b and csi_b do, and why this change is needed
>     for more than one FPGA.
> - add comment before asserting the signals, why they are asserted
>   in this order.
> 
> Changes in v2:
> - add comments from Michal
>   - skip check if gpio descriptor variables csi_b/rdwr_b are valid,
>     as validate_desc() checks this in gpiod_set_value() call.
>   - initialize the gpio variables csi_b/rdwr_b immediately with
>     the return value from devm_gpiod_get_optional(), so we can
>     drop local gpio variable at all
> 
>  drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
>  1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c b/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
> index d0cbb5fdfe3a..35078206a3a3 100644
> --- a/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
> +++ b/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
> @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
>  struct xilinx_selectmap_conf {
>  	struct xilinx_fpga_core core;
>  	void __iomem *base;
> +	struct gpio_desc *csi_b;
> +	struct gpio_desc *rdwr_b;
>  };
>  
>  #define to_xilinx_selectmap_conf(obj) \
> @@ -30,16 +32,30 @@ static int xilinx_selectmap_write(struct xilinx_fpga_core *core,
>  	struct xilinx_selectmap_conf *conf = to_xilinx_selectmap_conf(core);
>  	size_t i;
>  
> +	/*
> +	 * Assert CSI_B and select write mode.
> +	 *
> +	 * UG570 states in note 4 in Figure "Continuous x8 SelectMAP Data
> +	 * Loading", RDWR_B should be asserted before CSI_B to avoid
> +	 * causing an ABORT on the next CCLK.
> +	 *
> +	 * To be sure, set first RDWR_B pin before activate CSI_B
> +	 */
> +	gpiod_set_value(conf->rdwr_b, 1);
> +	gpiod_set_value(conf->csi_b, 1);
> +
>  	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
>  		writeb(buf[i], conf->base);
>  
> +	gpiod_set_raw_value(conf->csi_b, 0);
> +	gpiod_set_raw_value(conf->rdwr_b, 0);

I don't see why you do gpiod_set_raw_value() here, they seems change nothing.

  Function (example)                 line property          physical line
  gpiod_set_raw_value(desc, 0);      don't care             low
  ...
  gpiod_set_value(desc, 1);          active low             low

> +
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
>  static int xilinx_selectmap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
>  {
>  	struct xilinx_selectmap_conf *conf;
> -	struct gpio_desc *gpio;
>  	void __iomem *base;
>  
>  	conf = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*conf), GFP_KERNEL);
> @@ -56,15 +72,17 @@ static int xilinx_selectmap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
>  	conf->base = base;
>  
>  	/* CSI_B is active low */
> -	gpio = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "csi", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
> -	if (IS_ERR(gpio))
> -		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(gpio),
> +	conf->csi_b = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "csi",
> +					      GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);

You've changed this from v2, why? Why keep the initial state active?

> +	if (IS_ERR(conf->csi_b))
> +		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(conf->csi_b),
>  				     "Failed to get CSI_B gpio\n");
>  
>  	/* RDWR_B is active low */
> -	gpio = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "rdwr", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
> -	if (IS_ERR(gpio))
> -		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(gpio),
> +	conf->rdwr_b = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "rdwr",
> +					       GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
> +	if (IS_ERR(conf->rdwr_b))
> +		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(conf->rdwr_b),
>  				     "Failed to get RDWR_B gpio\n");
>  
>  	return xilinx_core_probe(&conf->core);
> ---
> base-commit: 58717b2a1365d06c8c64b72aa948541b53fe31eb
> 
> -- 
> 2.55.0
> 
> 

Re: [PATCH v3] driver: fpga: xilinx-selectmap: add csi and rdwr support

[Heiko Schocher]

Hello Yilun,

On 02.08.26 17:48, Xu Yilun wrote:
> On Mon, Jul 27, 2026 at 07:22:10AM +0200, Heiko Schocher wrote:
>> The current driver requests the optional CSI_B and RDWR_B GPIOs but
>> only configures their initial output state and never changes them
>> afterwards. As a result, CSI_B and RDWR_B remain inactive throughout
>> the configuration process.
> 
> Then how the existing configuration process work if the control signals
> are always *INACTIVE*?

The sentence is simply wrong, as this depends on the setting in the DTS.
I rework this part of the  commit message

>> This may work on systems with a single FPGA where these signals do not
>> need to be controlled by software,
> 
> Is this always the case today? Then why does the existing driver bother
> doing the devm_gpiod_get_optional()?

The gpios are never used in mainline:

$ grep -lr csi-gpios arch
$

I change this sentence to

"""
This may work on systems with a single FPGA where these signals do not
need to be controlled by software, or where the signals are configured
to their active state. But this does not not support systems with
multiple FPGAs sharing a SelectMAP interface.
"""

Hope this makes it clearer.

>> but it does not support systems
>> with multiple FPGAs sharing a SelectMAP interface.
>>
>> On systems with multiple FPGAs sharing the same SelectMAP data bus,
>> the driver must actively control these signals during configuration.
>>
>> CSI_B (Chip Select, active low) selects the target FPGA. It is asserted
>> before configuration data is transferred and deasserted afterwards so
>> that only the intended device responds to bus transactions.
> 
> I still don't understand, only one Chip Select pin defined for each
> selectmap device, how could it select between multiple FPGAs?

I wrote in the commit message:
"""
On systems with multiple FPGAs sharing the same SelectMAP data bus
"""

So, each instance of the driver has its own CSI_B and RDWR_B signal,
but they share clock, data pins...

Current driver asserts the CSI_B signal for each instance in probe,
so if you have N FPGAs, N FPGAs have after probing an active CS signal.

As all FPGAs share the same databus and clock, and when driver starts
downloading to a specific FPGA the firmware, all FPGAs are active
and react to the firmware download.

This was not yet a problem as no driver in mainline used the gpios at
all (or it would work for single FPGAs with active CSI_B and RDWR_B
signals set)

>> RDWR_B (Read/Write, active low) controls the transfer direction on the
>> SelectMAP interface. A low level selects write cycles, while a high
>> level selects read cycles. During FPGA configuration the driver drives
>> RDWR_B low before transferring the bitstream and restores it to its
>> reading (high state) afterwards.
>>
>> Store the optional GPIO descriptors and toggle both signals around the
>> configuration data transfer, allowing multiple FPGAs to safely share a
>> single SelectMAP interface.
>>
>> Tested on an AM625 based board with two Xilinx FPGAs connected to the
>> GPMC bus.
> 
> What is GPMC bus, anything to do with "SelectMAP data bus"?

No, I remove this line from the commit message.

> 
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Heiko Schocher <hs@nabladev.com>
>> ---
>>
>> Changes in v3:
>> - use 0 (deasserted state) and 1 (asserted state) in gpio_set_value()
>>    as commented from Micahl
>> - rewrite commit message as requested from Xu Yilun
>>    - describe what rdwr_b and csi_b do, and why this change is needed
>>      for more than one FPGA.
>> - add comment before asserting the signals, why they are asserted
>>    in this order.
>>
>> Changes in v2:
>> - add comments from Michal
>>    - skip check if gpio descriptor variables csi_b/rdwr_b are valid,
>>      as validate_desc() checks this in gpiod_set_value() call.
>>    - initialize the gpio variables csi_b/rdwr_b immediately with
>>      the return value from devm_gpiod_get_optional(), so we can
>>      drop local gpio variable at all
>>
>>   drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
>>   1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c b/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
>> index d0cbb5fdfe3a..35078206a3a3 100644
>> --- a/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
>> +++ b/drivers/fpga/xilinx-selectmap.c
>> @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
>>   struct xilinx_selectmap_conf {
>>   	struct xilinx_fpga_core core;
>>   	void __iomem *base;
>> +	struct gpio_desc *csi_b;
>> +	struct gpio_desc *rdwr_b;
>>   };
>>   
>>   #define to_xilinx_selectmap_conf(obj) \
>> @@ -30,16 +32,30 @@ static int xilinx_selectmap_write(struct xilinx_fpga_core *core,
>>   	struct xilinx_selectmap_conf *conf = to_xilinx_selectmap_conf(core);
>>   	size_t i;
>>   
>> +	/*
>> +	 * Assert CSI_B and select write mode.
>> +	 *
>> +	 * UG570 states in note 4 in Figure "Continuous x8 SelectMAP Data
>> +	 * Loading", RDWR_B should be asserted before CSI_B to avoid
>> +	 * causing an ABORT on the next CCLK.
>> +	 *
>> +	 * To be sure, set first RDWR_B pin before activate CSI_B
>> +	 */
>> +	gpiod_set_value(conf->rdwr_b, 1);
>> +	gpiod_set_value(conf->csi_b, 1);
>> +
>>   	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
>>   		writeb(buf[i], conf->base);
>>   
>> +	gpiod_set_raw_value(conf->csi_b, 0);
>> +	gpiod_set_raw_value(conf->rdwr_b, 0);
> 
> I don't see why you do gpiod_set_raw_value() here, they seems change nothing.

Oh, I am sorry, mistake from me, of course it must be gpiod_set_value()

I will change this in v4.

> 
>    Function (example)                 line property          physical line
>    gpiod_set_raw_value(desc, 0);      don't care             low
>    ...
>    gpiod_set_value(desc, 1);          active low             low
> 
>> +
>>   	return 0;
>>   }
>>   
>>   static int xilinx_selectmap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
>>   {
>>   	struct xilinx_selectmap_conf *conf;
>> -	struct gpio_desc *gpio;
>>   	void __iomem *base;
>>   
>>   	conf = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*conf), GFP_KERNEL);
>> @@ -56,15 +72,17 @@ static int xilinx_selectmap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
>>   	conf->base = base;
>>   
>>   	/* CSI_B is active low */
>> -	gpio = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "csi", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
>> -	if (IS_ERR(gpio))
>> -		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(gpio),
>> +	conf->csi_b = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "csi",
>> +					      GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
> 
> You've changed this from v2, why? Why keep the initial state active?

Seems the same typo, as above with gpio_set_raw_value.

I will change in v4 back and add comment

I have to wait until next week, before I can test the new version.

Many thanks for your time, patience and review.

bye,
Heiko
> 
>> +	if (IS_ERR(conf->csi_b))
>> +		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(conf->csi_b),
>>   				     "Failed to get CSI_B gpio\n");
>>   
>>   	/* RDWR_B is active low */
>> -	gpio = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "rdwr", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
>> -	if (IS_ERR(gpio))
>> -		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(gpio),
>> +	conf->rdwr_b = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "rdwr",
>> +					       GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
>> +	if (IS_ERR(conf->rdwr_b))
>> +		return dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, PTR_ERR(conf->rdwr_b),
>>   				     "Failed to get RDWR_B gpio\n");
>>   
>>   	return xilinx_core_probe(&conf->core);
>> ---
>> base-commit: 58717b2a1365d06c8c64b72aa948541b53fe31eb
>>
>> -- 
>> 2.55.0
>>
>>

-- 
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