[PATCH 0/8] mm: introduce for_each_process_rcu and for_each_thread_rcu

[PATCH 0/8] mm: introduce for_each_process_rcu and for_each_thread_rcu

[Ye Liu]

From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Introduce for_each_process_rcu(), for_each_thread_rcu() and
for_each_process_thread_rcu() macros that combine the existing
iteration macros with scoped_guard(rcu), so that the RCU read lock
is automatically acquired before iteration and released when the
loop exits — including via break, goto, or return.

The rest of the series converts manual rcu_read_lock()/
rcu_read_unlock() and guard(rcu)() pairs across mm/, kernel/, fs/,
lib/ and security/ to use the new macros.

Patch 1 may trigger checkpatch "Macros with complex values should be
enclosed in parentheses" errors.  These are false positives — the
scoped_guard() pattern is a control-flow construct, not a multi-
statement macro, and the same idiom is used elsewhere in the kernel.

Suggested by Michal Hocko for the oom_kill path [1].

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260813092933.562028-1-ye.liu@linux.dev/

Ye Liu (8):
  mm: introduce for_each_process_rcu and for_each_thread_rcu
  mm/oom_kill: convert process/thread iterators to for_each_*_rcu
  mm/ksm: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu
  mm/memory-failure: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu
  kernel: convert process/thread iterators to for_each_*_rcu
  fs: convert process/thread iterators to for_each_*_rcu
  lib: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu
  security/landlock: convert thread iterator to for_each_thread_rcu

 fs/proc/base.c               |  4 +---
 fs/resctrl/rdtgroup.c        |  8 ++------
 include/linux/sched/signal.h | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
 kernel/cpu.c                 |  4 +---
 kernel/freezer.c             |  4 +---
 kernel/hung_task.c           |  7 ++-----
 kernel/locking/lockdep.c     |  4 +---
 kernel/rcu/update.c          |  4 +---
 kernel/sched/core.c          |  3 +--
 kernel/sched/debug.c         |  4 +---
 kernel/trace/fgraph.c        |  8 ++------
 kernel/unwind/deferred.c     |  3 +--
 lib/is_single_threaded.c     |  5 +----
 mm/ksm.c                     |  4 +---
 mm/memory-failure.c          | 16 ++++------------
 mm/oom_kill.c                | 20 +++++---------------
 security/landlock/tsync.c    |  8 ++------
 17 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 79 deletions(-)

Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

--
2.25.1

[PATCH 2/8] mm/oom_kill: convert process/thread iterators to for_each_*_rcu

[Ye Liu]

From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs wrapping
for_each_process()/for_each_thread() loops with for_each_process_rcu()
and for_each_thread_rcu(), so that the RCU read-side critical section
is scoped to the loop body.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
---
 mm/oom_kill.c | 20 +++++---------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
index 5f372f6e26fa..8dd025965810 100644
--- a/mm/oom_kill.c
+++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
@@ -94,8 +94,7 @@ static bool oom_cpuset_eligible(struct task_struct *start,
 	bool ret = false;
 	const nodemask_t *mask = oc->nodemask;
 
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	for_each_thread(start, tsk) {
+	for_each_thread_rcu(start, tsk) {
 		if (mask) {
 			/*
 			 * If this is a mempolicy constrained oom, tsk's
@@ -114,7 +113,6 @@ static bool oom_cpuset_eligible(struct task_struct *start,
 		if (ret)
 			break;
 	}
-	rcu_read_unlock();
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -368,11 +366,9 @@ static void select_bad_process(struct oom_control *oc)
 	else {
 		struct task_struct *p;
 
-		rcu_read_lock();
-		for_each_process(p)
+		for_each_process_rcu(p)
 			if (oom_evaluate_task(p, oc))
 				break;
-		rcu_read_unlock();
 	}
 }
 
@@ -430,14 +426,12 @@ static void dump_tasks(struct oom_control *oc)
 		struct task_struct *p;
 		int i = 0;
 
-		rcu_read_lock();
-		for_each_process(p) {
+		for_each_process_rcu(p) {
 			/* Avoid potential softlockup warning */
 			if ((++i & 1023) == 0)
 				touch_softlockup_watchdog();
 			dump_task(p, oc);
 		}
-		rcu_read_unlock();
 	}
 }
 
@@ -894,8 +888,7 @@ static bool task_will_free_mem(struct task_struct *task)
 	 * are dying as well to make sure that a) nobody pins its mm and
 	 * b) the task is also reapable by the oom reaper.
 	 */
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	for_each_process(p) {
+	for_each_process_rcu(p) {
 		if (!process_shares_mm(p, mm))
 			continue;
 		if (same_thread_group(task, p))
@@ -904,7 +897,6 @@ static bool task_will_free_mem(struct task_struct *task)
 		if (!ret)
 			break;
 	}
-	rcu_read_unlock();
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -960,8 +952,7 @@ static void __oom_kill_process(struct task_struct *victim, const char *message)
 	 * That thread will now get access to memory reserves since it has a
 	 * pending fatal signal.
 	 */
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	for_each_process(p) {
+	for_each_process_rcu(p) {
 		if (!process_shares_mm(p, mm))
 			continue;
 		if (same_thread_group(p, victim))
@@ -982,7 +973,6 @@ static void __oom_kill_process(struct task_struct *victim, const char *message)
 			continue;
 		do_send_sig_info(SIGKILL, SEND_SIG_PRIV, p, PIDTYPE_TGID);
 	}
-	rcu_read_unlock();
 
 	if (can_oom_reap)
 		queue_oom_reaper(victim);
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH 3/8] mm/ksm: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu

[Ye Liu]

From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pair combined
with for_each_process() loop in mm/ksm.c with for_each_process_rcu().

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
---
 mm/ksm.c | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/ksm.c b/mm/ksm.c
index 49d48d1e0998..fa5e4c47fb1b 100644
--- a/mm/ksm.c
+++ b/mm/ksm.c
@@ -3280,8 +3280,7 @@ void collect_procs_ksm(const struct folio *folio, const struct page *page,
 		struct anon_vma *av = rmap_item->anon_vma;
 
 		anon_vma_lock_read(av);
-		rcu_read_lock();
-		for_each_process(tsk) {
+		for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
 			struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
 			const unsigned long addr = rmap_item->address & PAGE_MASK;
 			const unsigned long index = rmap_item->linear_page_index;
@@ -3298,7 +3297,6 @@ void collect_procs_ksm(const struct folio *folio, const struct page *page,
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		rcu_read_unlock();
 		anon_vma_unlock_read(av);
 	}
 }
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH 4/8] mm/memory-failure: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu

[Ye Liu]

From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs combined
with for_each_process() loop in mm/memory-failure.c with
for_each_process_rcu().

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
---
 mm/memory-failure.c | 16 ++++------------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/memory-failure.c b/mm/memory-failure.c
index a8b03e2920ba..63a2ff08ee33 100644
--- a/mm/memory-failure.c
+++ b/mm/memory-failure.c
@@ -555,8 +555,7 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(const struct folio *folio,
 		return;
 
 	pgoff = page_pgoff(folio, page);
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	for_each_process(tsk) {
+	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
 		struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 		struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
 		struct task_struct *t = task_early_kill(tsk, force_early);
@@ -572,7 +571,6 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(const struct folio *folio,
 			add_to_kill_anon_file(t, page, vma, to_kill, addr);
 		}
 	}
-	rcu_read_unlock();
 	anon_vma_unlock_read(av);
 }
 
@@ -589,9 +587,8 @@ static void collect_procs_file(const struct folio *folio,
 	pgoff_t pgoff;
 
 	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
-	rcu_read_lock();
 	pgoff = page_pgoff(folio, page);
-	for_each_process(tsk) {
+	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
 		struct task_struct *t = task_early_kill(tsk, force_early);
 		unsigned long addr;
 
@@ -611,7 +608,6 @@ static void collect_procs_file(const struct folio *folio,
 			add_to_kill_anon_file(t, page, vma, to_kill, addr);
 		}
 	}
-	rcu_read_unlock();
 	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
 }
 
@@ -635,8 +631,7 @@ static void collect_procs_fsdax(const struct page *page,
 	struct task_struct *tsk;
 
 	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	for_each_process(tsk) {
+	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
 		struct task_struct *t = tsk;
 
 		/*
@@ -653,7 +648,6 @@ static void collect_procs_fsdax(const struct page *page,
 				add_to_kill_fsdax(t, page, vma, to_kill, pgoff);
 		}
 	}
-	rcu_read_unlock();
 	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_FS_DAX */
@@ -2288,8 +2282,7 @@ static void collect_procs_pfn(struct pfn_address_space *pfn_space,
 	struct address_space *mapping = pfn_space->mapping;
 
 	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	for_each_process(tsk) {
+	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
 		struct task_struct *t = tsk;
 
 		t = task_early_kill(tsk, true);
@@ -2303,7 +2296,6 @@ static void collect_procs_pfn(struct pfn_address_space *pfn_space,
 				add_to_kill_pgoff(t, vma, to_kill, pgoff);
 		}
 	}
-	rcu_read_unlock();
 	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
 }
 
-- 
2.25.1

Re: [PATCH 2/8] mm/oom_kill: convert process/thread iterators to for_each_*_rcu

[Michal Hocko]

On Fri 04-09-26 16:29:54, Ye Liu wrote:
> From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
> 
> Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs wrapping
> for_each_process()/for_each_thread() loops with for_each_process_rcu()
> and for_each_thread_rcu(), so that the RCU read-side critical section
> is scoped to the loop body.
> 
> No functional change.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>

> ---
>  mm/oom_kill.c | 20 +++++---------------
>  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
> index 5f372f6e26fa..8dd025965810 100644
> --- a/mm/oom_kill.c
> +++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
> @@ -94,8 +94,7 @@ static bool oom_cpuset_eligible(struct task_struct *start,
>  	bool ret = false;
>  	const nodemask_t *mask = oc->nodemask;
>  
> -	rcu_read_lock();
> -	for_each_thread(start, tsk) {
> +	for_each_thread_rcu(start, tsk) {
>  		if (mask) {
>  			/*
>  			 * If this is a mempolicy constrained oom, tsk's
> @@ -114,7 +113,6 @@ static bool oom_cpuset_eligible(struct task_struct *start,
>  		if (ret)
>  			break;
>  	}
> -	rcu_read_unlock();
>  
>  	return ret;
>  }
> @@ -368,11 +366,9 @@ static void select_bad_process(struct oom_control *oc)
>  	else {
>  		struct task_struct *p;
>  
> -		rcu_read_lock();
> -		for_each_process(p)
> +		for_each_process_rcu(p)
>  			if (oom_evaluate_task(p, oc))
>  				break;
> -		rcu_read_unlock();
>  	}
>  }
>  
> @@ -430,14 +426,12 @@ static void dump_tasks(struct oom_control *oc)
>  		struct task_struct *p;
>  		int i = 0;
>  
> -		rcu_read_lock();
> -		for_each_process(p) {
> +		for_each_process_rcu(p) {
>  			/* Avoid potential softlockup warning */
>  			if ((++i & 1023) == 0)
>  				touch_softlockup_watchdog();
>  			dump_task(p, oc);
>  		}
> -		rcu_read_unlock();
>  	}
>  }
>  
> @@ -894,8 +888,7 @@ static bool task_will_free_mem(struct task_struct *task)
>  	 * are dying as well to make sure that a) nobody pins its mm and
>  	 * b) the task is also reapable by the oom reaper.
>  	 */
> -	rcu_read_lock();
> -	for_each_process(p) {
> +	for_each_process_rcu(p) {
>  		if (!process_shares_mm(p, mm))
>  			continue;
>  		if (same_thread_group(task, p))
> @@ -904,7 +897,6 @@ static bool task_will_free_mem(struct task_struct *task)
>  		if (!ret)
>  			break;
>  	}
> -	rcu_read_unlock();
>  
>  	return ret;
>  }
> @@ -960,8 +952,7 @@ static void __oom_kill_process(struct task_struct *victim, const char *message)
>  	 * That thread will now get access to memory reserves since it has a
>  	 * pending fatal signal.
>  	 */
> -	rcu_read_lock();
> -	for_each_process(p) {
> +	for_each_process_rcu(p) {
>  		if (!process_shares_mm(p, mm))
>  			continue;
>  		if (same_thread_group(p, victim))
> @@ -982,7 +973,6 @@ static void __oom_kill_process(struct task_struct *victim, const char *message)
>  			continue;
>  		do_send_sig_info(SIGKILL, SEND_SIG_PRIV, p, PIDTYPE_TGID);
>  	}
> -	rcu_read_unlock();
>  
>  	if (can_oom_reap)
>  		queue_oom_reaper(victim);
> -- 
> 2.25.1

-- 
Michal Hocko
SUSE Labs

Re: [PATCH 3/8] mm/ksm: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu

[Michal Hocko]

On Fri 04-09-26 16:29:55, Ye Liu wrote:
> From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
> 
> Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pair combined
> with for_each_process() loop in mm/ksm.c with for_each_process_rcu().
> 
> No functional change.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>

> ---
>  mm/ksm.c | 4 +---
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/ksm.c b/mm/ksm.c
> index 49d48d1e0998..fa5e4c47fb1b 100644
> --- a/mm/ksm.c
> +++ b/mm/ksm.c
> @@ -3280,8 +3280,7 @@ void collect_procs_ksm(const struct folio *folio, const struct page *page,
>  		struct anon_vma *av = rmap_item->anon_vma;
>  
>  		anon_vma_lock_read(av);
> -		rcu_read_lock();
> -		for_each_process(tsk) {
> +		for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
>  			struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
>  			const unsigned long addr = rmap_item->address & PAGE_MASK;
>  			const unsigned long index = rmap_item->linear_page_index;
> @@ -3298,7 +3297,6 @@ void collect_procs_ksm(const struct folio *folio, const struct page *page,
>  				}
>  			}
>  		}
> -		rcu_read_unlock();
>  		anon_vma_unlock_read(av);
>  	}
>  }
> -- 
> 2.25.1
> 

-- 
Michal Hocko
SUSE Labs

Re: [PATCH 4/8] mm/memory-failure: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu

[Michal Hocko]

On Fri 04-09-26 16:29:56, Ye Liu wrote:
> From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
> 
> Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs combined
> with for_each_process() loop in mm/memory-failure.c with
> for_each_process_rcu().
> 
> No functional change.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>

> ---
>  mm/memory-failure.c | 16 ++++------------
>  1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/memory-failure.c b/mm/memory-failure.c
> index a8b03e2920ba..63a2ff08ee33 100644
> --- a/mm/memory-failure.c
> +++ b/mm/memory-failure.c
> @@ -555,8 +555,7 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(const struct folio *folio,
>  		return;
>  
>  	pgoff = page_pgoff(folio, page);
> -	rcu_read_lock();
> -	for_each_process(tsk) {
> +	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
>  		struct vm_area_struct *vma;
>  		struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
>  		struct task_struct *t = task_early_kill(tsk, force_early);
> @@ -572,7 +571,6 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(const struct folio *folio,
>  			add_to_kill_anon_file(t, page, vma, to_kill, addr);
>  		}
>  	}
> -	rcu_read_unlock();
>  	anon_vma_unlock_read(av);
>  }
>  
> @@ -589,9 +587,8 @@ static void collect_procs_file(const struct folio *folio,
>  	pgoff_t pgoff;
>  
>  	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
> -	rcu_read_lock();
>  	pgoff = page_pgoff(folio, page);
> -	for_each_process(tsk) {
> +	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
>  		struct task_struct *t = task_early_kill(tsk, force_early);
>  		unsigned long addr;
>  
> @@ -611,7 +608,6 @@ static void collect_procs_file(const struct folio *folio,
>  			add_to_kill_anon_file(t, page, vma, to_kill, addr);
>  		}
>  	}
> -	rcu_read_unlock();
>  	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
>  }
>  
> @@ -635,8 +631,7 @@ static void collect_procs_fsdax(const struct page *page,
>  	struct task_struct *tsk;
>  
>  	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
> -	rcu_read_lock();
> -	for_each_process(tsk) {
> +	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
>  		struct task_struct *t = tsk;
>  
>  		/*
> @@ -653,7 +648,6 @@ static void collect_procs_fsdax(const struct page *page,
>  				add_to_kill_fsdax(t, page, vma, to_kill, pgoff);
>  		}
>  	}
> -	rcu_read_unlock();
>  	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
>  }
>  #endif /* CONFIG_FS_DAX */
> @@ -2288,8 +2282,7 @@ static void collect_procs_pfn(struct pfn_address_space *pfn_space,
>  	struct address_space *mapping = pfn_space->mapping;
>  
>  	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
> -	rcu_read_lock();
> -	for_each_process(tsk) {
> +	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
>  		struct task_struct *t = tsk;
>  
>  		t = task_early_kill(tsk, true);
> @@ -2303,7 +2296,6 @@ static void collect_procs_pfn(struct pfn_address_space *pfn_space,
>  				add_to_kill_pgoff(t, vma, to_kill, pgoff);
>  		}
>  	}
> -	rcu_read_unlock();
>  	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
>  }
>  
> -- 
> 2.25.1
> 

-- 
Michal Hocko
SUSE Labs

Re: [PATCH 2/8] mm/oom_kill: convert process/thread iterators to for_each_*_rcu

[SJ Park]

On Fri,  4 Sep 2026 16:29:54 +0800 Ye Liu <ye.liu@linux.dev> wrote:

> From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
> 
> Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs wrapping
> for_each_process()/for_each_thread() loops with for_each_process_rcu()
> and for_each_thread_rcu(), so that the RCU read-side critical section
> is scoped to the loop body.

Looks clean to me :)

> 
> No functional change.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Reviewed-by: SJ Park <sj@kernel.org>


Thanks,
SJ

[...]

Re: [PATCH 3/8] mm/ksm: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu

[SJ Park]

On Fri,  4 Sep 2026 16:29:55 +0800 Ye Liu <ye.liu@linux.dev> wrote:

> From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
> 
> Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pair combined
> with for_each_process() loop in mm/ksm.c with for_each_process_rcu().
> 
> No functional change.

Looks clean to me, thank you.

> 
> Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>

Reviewed-by: SJ Park <sj@kernel.org>


Thanks,
SJ

[...]

Re: [PATCH 4/8] mm/memory-failure: convert process iterator to for_each_process_rcu

[SJ Park]

On Fri,  4 Sep 2026 16:29:56 +0800 Ye Liu <ye.liu@linux.dev> wrote:

> From: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
> 
> Replace the manual rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs combined
> with for_each_process() loop in mm/memory-failure.c with
> for_each_process_rcu().
> 
> No functional change.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <liuye@kylinos.cn>
> ---
>  mm/memory-failure.c | 16 ++++------------
>  1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/memory-failure.c b/mm/memory-failure.c
> index a8b03e2920ba..63a2ff08ee33 100644
> --- a/mm/memory-failure.c
> +++ b/mm/memory-failure.c
> @@ -555,8 +555,7 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(const struct folio *folio,
>  		return;
>  
>  	pgoff = page_pgoff(folio, page);
> -	rcu_read_lock();
> -	for_each_process(tsk) {
> +	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
>  		struct vm_area_struct *vma;
>  		struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
>  		struct task_struct *t = task_early_kill(tsk, force_early);
> @@ -572,7 +571,6 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(const struct folio *folio,
>  			add_to_kill_anon_file(t, page, vma, to_kill, addr);
>  		}
>  	}
> -	rcu_read_unlock();
>  	anon_vma_unlock_read(av);
>  }
>  
> @@ -589,9 +587,8 @@ static void collect_procs_file(const struct folio *folio,
>  	pgoff_t pgoff;
>  
>  	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
> -	rcu_read_lock();
>  	pgoff = page_pgoff(folio, page);
> -	for_each_process(tsk) {
> +	for_each_process_rcu(tsk) {
>  		struct task_struct *t = task_early_kill(tsk, force_early);
>  		unsigned long addr;

This moves pgoff assignment out of the RCU critical section.  Is this fine and
making no real functional change?  If it is fine and no functiona change, could
we clarify the reasons on the commit message?


Thanks,
SJ

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