Re: SOLVED: Some users locked out of ssh and sftp?

Re: SOLVED: Some users locked out of ssh and sftp?

[Donald Duckie]

hi chuck,

thanks for your information.
i was quite hesistant to delete that line, that was
why i wanted some confirmation.
it is already ok now.

this is not eve.
sorry eve :)
it just happen that i have the same problem that
moment, and while taking some break, i happen to read
this thread. that was why i asked as to how i would
modify the known_hosts file.

donald

--- chuck gelm <chuck@gelm.net> wrote:
> Donald Duckie wrote:
> > I got this error message as shown below  . . . 
> > How do I change the /root/.ssh/known_hosts file?
> > It seems encrypted . . .
> 
> Hi, Donald:
> 
>   The file is not encripted, but it contains an
> encription key for
> each remote hostname.  There is a line for each
> 'ssh' host that
> you have sucessfully connected.  If the remote
> 'host' has changed
> its encription key and you already have a line with
> the old
> encription key, 'ssh' will fail with that message.
> 
> Solution:
> 
>   Use a 'text' editor and open
> /root/.ssh/known_hosts.
> Delete the line that starts with the remote
> hostname.
> Save and exit.  (or 'rm known_hosts')
> 
> 'ssh' to that hostname.
> Answer 'yes' when prompted.
> 
> HTH, Chuck
> 
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Setting quota on user's home folders?

[Eve Atley]

Is there a way to set a quota limit on user's home folders? EG. say I have
/home/joe, /home/jane, and want to set it so they can have no more than 5GB
in their folders?

Thanks,
Eve


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Re: Setting quota on user's home folders?

[J.]

On Wed, 16 Mar 2005, Eve Atley wrote:

> Is there a way to set a quota limit on user's home folders? EG. say I have
> /home/joe, /home/jane, and want to set it so they can have no more than 5GB
> in their folders?
> 
> Thanks,
> Eve

What you have todo is:

1.  Create seperate partitions for the /home/joe /home/jane directory
    entrys.
2.  install the quota program for your native GNU/Linux distribution you
    are using. Which is ??? [Next time tell your system specs when asking 
    a question]
3.  Update /etc/fstab and remount the system.

Note, the kernel has to support the use of quota's in most cases.

Here are some links:
http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialQuotas.html
http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/linux/RHL-9-Manual/custom-guide/ch-disk-quotas.html
http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/notes/debian/quotas.html

B.t.w.
The `Folders' terminology is used in a M$ Wintendo enviroment but in the *X world they 
are refered to as directorys or special files.

cheers

J.

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Re: Setting quota on user's home folders?

[Ray Olszewski]

At 06:43 PM 3/16/2005 -0500, Eve Atley wrote:

>Is there a way to set a quota limit on user's home folders? EG. say I have
>/home/joe, /home/jane, and want to set it so they can have no more than 5GB
>in their folders?

The general answer is yes, and it's called ... wait for it ... quotas. The 
"yes" assumes you are using ext2 filesystems (probably ext3 works too, but 
I don't know that, and maybe other journaling filesystems like reiserfs).

For quotas to work, they have to be enabled in your kernel. Stock kernels 
usually do not include quota capability, so this means a local compile. (If 
you do it with "make menuconfig", quotas are the first choice in the File 
Systems submenu; if you edit .config by hand, you're looking for the line 
"# CONFIG_QUOTA is not set", which you'll change to "CONFIG_QUOTA=y".)

Once you have a kernel that supports quotas, you'll use the "quota" command 
to set actual quotas. Getting this command will probably mean downloading 
an RPM. And there are a few other details that are covered in the link below.

For more background on quotas, look here:

         http://www.asenec.com/quota.html

If all this sounds like too much trouble ... I don't know how comfortable 
you are with custom kernel compiles, say ... you might look for a simpler 
option. Whether some other approach will work depends on what your real 
requirements are.

For example, way back when I admin'd several Unix and Linux systems at a 
school, I just ran this command daily ...

         du -s /home/*  |  sort -nr

... to get a listing that started with the largest home directories. Then I 
told people whose directories were too big to cut back. Not ideal, but it 
was good enough, back in the days when I was sufficiently inexperienced 
that I didn't want to figure out how to enable quotas on Linux 1.something, 
HP-UX, and Solaris.


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Re: Setting quota on user's home folders?

[Peter]

On Wed, 2005-03-16 at 16:31 -0800, Ray Olszewski wrote:
> 
> For quotas to work, they have to be enabled in your kernel. Stock
> kernels 
> usually do not include quota capability, so this means a local
> compile.

I noticed, on running ` locate quota` , that these lines appear in my
output

/lib/modules/2.6.8.1-4-386/kernel/fs/quota_v1.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.8.1-4-386/kernel/fs/quota_v2.ko

I'm thinking this means quotas are supported by modules in this kernel,
and thus a `modprobe quota* ` or similar would suffice, rather than a
kernel recompile.

Is this correct? 

Just thinking this could save Eve and others a *lot* of time...

In Debian, I assume after using the modprobe command the module name
could simply be put in /etc/modules to make loading persistent across
reboots. ( Other distros like the Redhat variants would do this
differently, I suppose)

apt-get install quota

would then install what's necessary for the quota command...



Peter

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RE: Setting quota on user's home folders?

[Eve Atley]

Sorry about not including system info: it's RedHat 9 ATM (to upgrade to RH
Enterprise 3).

>I noticed, on running ` locate quota` , that these lines appear in my
output

I ran this too, and it came back with this:

(truncated)
 /etc/warnquota.conf
/usr/bin/quota
/usr/sbin/edquota
/usr/sbin/quotastats
/usr/sbin/repquota
/usr/sbin/rpc.rquotad
/usr/sbin/setquota
/usr/sbin/warnquota
/sbin/convertquota
/sbin/quotacheck
/sbin/quotaoff
/sbin/quotaon

So, I'm wondering if it's already in my system.

- Eve

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RE: Setting quota on user's home folders?

[Jessica_Schieffer]

Quotas are supported by default in the RH kernels.  Here is the step by
step from RH site.
http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/linux/RHL-8.0-Manual/admin-primer/s1-
storage-quotas.html If you are using ext2, you must enable journaling
first since it is not default until ext3.  Steps to create disk quotas

In order to use disk quotas, you must first enable them. 
1. Modifying /etc/fstab
2. Remounting the file system(s)
3. Running quotacheck (quotacheck -avug)
4. Assigning quotas (edquota)

Example /etc/fstab
/dev/md0          /                  ext3    defaults        1 1
LABEL=/boot       /boot              ext3    defaults        1 2
none              /dev/pts           devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
LABEL=/home       /home              ext3    defaults,usrquota,grpquota
1 2
none              /proc              proc    defaults        0 0
none              /dev/shm           tmpfs   defaults        0 0
/dev/md1          swap               swap    defaults        0 0

Example edquota
Disk quotas for user ed (uid 500):
  Filesystem      blocks       soft       hard     inodes     soft
hard
  /dev/md3       6617996    6900000    7000000      17397        0
0


Jessica Schieffer 
* (201) 248-3566

-----Original Message-----
From: linux-newbie-owner@vger.kernel.org
[mailto:linux-newbie-owner@vger.kernel.org] On Behalf Of Eve Atley
Sent: Thursday, March 17, 2005 2:01 PM
To: 'Peter'; 'Ray Olszewski'
Cc: linux-newbie@vger.kernel.org
Subject: RE: Setting quota on user's home folders?


Sorry about not including system info: it's RedHat 9 ATM (to upgrade to
RH
Enterprise 3).

>I noticed, on running ` locate quota` , that these lines appear in my
output

I ran this too, and it came back with this:

(truncated)
 /etc/warnquota.conf
/usr/bin/quota
/usr/sbin/edquota
/usr/sbin/quotastats
/usr/sbin/repquota
/usr/sbin/rpc.rquotad
/usr/sbin/setquota
/usr/sbin/warnquota
/sbin/convertquota
/sbin/quotacheck
/sbin/quotaoff
/sbin/quotaon

So, I'm wondering if it's already in my system.

- Eve

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