Heavy load of graphics

Heavy load of graphics

[Ankit Jain]

hi

well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM

i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
this load while working in GUI envt

thanks

Ankit

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Jeff Woods]

At 10/5/2004 06:01 AM +0100, Ankit Jain wrote:
>well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
>i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one having 512 Mb RAM the 
>most of the memory is lost or taken by graphics or xserver. on my system 
>around 90% is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb RAM around 
>70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i oculd not get any article or 
>stuff relate to this . if we can do something in kernel or in some way 
>reduce this load while working in GUI envt

What makes you think you need to reduce memory usage?  There is no penalty 
for using all of memory (but there is when you try to use more than is 
available).  Modern operating systems use physical RAM for all kinds of 
things (e.g., disc cache) that are released only when something else needs 
RAM.  Ignore the "RAM in use" indicators; instead pay attention to disc I/O 
(both I/Os per second and MBs per second) and perhaps CPU 
utilization.  Real memory pressure is best monitored by watching for disc 
I/Os related to swapping and perhaps page faults.

--
Jeff Woods <kazrak+kernel@cesmail.net> 


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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Ray Olszewski]

At 06:01 AM 10/5/2004 +0100, Ankit Jain wrote:
>hi
>
>well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
>i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
>having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
>taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
>is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
>RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
>oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
>we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
>this load while working in GUI envt

When you say "the most of the memory is lost", what exactly do you mean by 
"lost"?

Any Linux system will gradually "use" 100% of available (real, not swap) 
memory, by the common measures of "use", such as the diaplay in "top" or on 
the first line of "free". But most of this memory (on a typical system, 
anyway) is used for "cache and buffer",  a jargony phrase that means, in 
plain English, that Linux keeps in memory copies of recently run 
executables and recently accessed data files.

You see one effect of this bit of optimizing when you run a command and it 
takes a couple of seconds to run, then run it again and it runs close to 
instantly. The difference, often, is that the first time, the command had 
to be loaded from disk, but the second time it was cached.

But the kernel knows to make this memory available to any new processes 
that need it, so it is available to users.

To see how much of your RAM is being used for cache and buffer, run "free" 
and look at the entries on the second line.

OF course, all of this response is a guess. A 128 MB system running a rich 
GUI like KDE might well use most of its RAM for real; here, for example, 
the system I have that runs KDE really is using about 200 MB of its 768 MB 
of RAM. But to be using most of 512 MB of RAM, you would have to be running 
a lot of apps.

If you really are using memory with active applications, then your only 
solution is to run fewer, or smaller, apps. To help at that level, we'd 
need to know more of the details of how your system is set up.

PS - I'd appreciate your using standard English spellings, capitalization, 
punctuation, and syntax in future postings.  The shortcuts you used made it 
hard for me to read your message, anough so that I almost did not take the 
time to reply to it.



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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Geert Uytterhoeven]

On Tue, 5 Oct 2004, Ankit Jain wrote:
> well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
> 
> i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
> having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
> taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
> is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
> RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
> oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
> we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
> this load while working in GUI envt

How much memory does your video cards have? This amount is included in the
reported size of the X server, so just subtract it, and see whether the result
looks saner.

Gr{oetje,eeting}s,

						Geert

--
Geert Uytterhoeven -- There's lots of Linux beyond ia32 -- geert@linux-m68k.org

In personal conversations with technical people, I call myself a hacker. But
when I'm talking to journalists I just say "programmer" or something like that.
							    -- Linus Torvalds
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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Jim Nelson]

Ankit Jain wrote:

>hi
>
>well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
>i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
>having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
>taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
>is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
>RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
>oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
>we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
>this load while working in GUI envt
>
>thanks
>
>Ankit
>  
>

Could you please post your ps -Al, /proc/meminfo, and lspci output?  I 
know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons (PCMCIA, ISDN, etc) that are 
started by default - have you used chkconfig or redhat-config-services 
to shut off unneded services?

The kernel also uses a lot of free memory for I/O caching - even my P4 
w/ 1GB RAMBUS shows 90% memory consumption in /proc/meminfo.  Caching is 
a low-priority memory allocation - when the system needs memory for 
active processes, it should give the memory to the process.

BTW, unless you are using a framebuffer kernel-level driver, X is 
handled almost exclusively in userland.  On SPARC32 (for example) 
framebuffers are pretty much the only way to get X working, but mostly, 
XFree86 and the X.org server that comes with FC2 use mostly user-space 
drivers.
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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[chuck gelm]

Ankit Jain wrote:

>hi
>
>well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
>i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
>having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
>taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
>is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
>RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
>oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
>we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
>this load while working in GUI envt
>
>thanks
>
>Ankit
>
>________________________________________________________________________
>  
>
Hi, Ankit:

 In my humble opinion:
There is no 'linux 9.0'; perhaps you mean
Red Hat 9.0
Mandrake 9.0
Suse 9.0
Slackware 9.0
Debian 9.0
...
The memory is not 'lost', it has only been used sometime
and will be reallocated if it is needed by another
application.  Have you noticed any errors or warnings
about 'low memory' or 'out of memory' ?  I am guessing
that you had not had anything fail due to 'memory lost'.
...
'how to reduce this load'

Use a window manager that requires less resources.
What window manager are you using now?
Gnome, KDE, FVWM[2,95],xfce,icebox,twm,...?
...
Yes, xserver, GUI, graphics,... all use very much memory.
...
;-)  Do not use GUI environment.  ;-)

HTH, Chuck



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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Terrence Martin]

Ankit Jain wrote:

>hi
>
>well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
>i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
>having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
>taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
>is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
>RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
>oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
>we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
>this load while working in GUI envt
>
>thanks
>
>Ankit
>
>________________________________________________________________________
>Yahoo! Messenger - Communicate instantly..."Ping" 
>your friends today! Download Messenger Now 
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>-
>To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
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>More majordomo info at  http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
>Please read the FAQ at  http://www.tux.org/lkml/
>
>  
>
Can you post the following

The output of the free command

# free

As well as the top 10 or so processes copied from top?

Run top
# top

Then hit M (capital M) to sort by memory,

Then past the results to the email.. It is a lot easier to know what is 
going on if everyone can see the actual memory information.

For example

$ free
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:       1550128    1515028      35100          0     160944     801932
-/+ buffers/cache:     552152     997976
Swap:      2449904      19928    2429976

Output of top, sorted by memory.

19725 tmartin   15   0  145M 145M 26196 S     2.7  9.5  20:17   0 
mozilla-bin
 9925 root      15   0  135M  66M  8472 S     3.5  4.3 270:54   0 X
17665 tmartin   15   0 20912  20M 16488 S     0.0  1.3   0:00   0 kdeinit
17632 tmartin   15   0 17260  16M 14352 S     0.1  1.1   2:40   0 kdeinit
17659 tmartin   15   0 15332  14M 12684 S     0.0  0.9   0:07   0 kdeinit
17657 tmartin   15   0 14916  14M 12564 S     0.0  0.9   0:00   0 kdeinit
23837 tmartin   15   0 14860  14M 12676 S     0.0  0.9   0:00   0 kdeinit
19561 tmartin   15   0 14792  14M 12584 S     0.0  0.9   0:00   0 kdeinit
19638 tmartin   15   0 14652  14M 12560 S     0.0  0.9   0:00   0 kdeinit
17630 tmartin   15   0 14568  14M 12748 S     0.0  0.9   0:02   0 kdeinit


In my case I am in good shape. I am not using much swap, X is using 
133MB of RAM but only 66MB are actually resident. That is there is only 
66MB in physical memory, even though the memory size is 135MB.  Mozilla 
on the other hand has asked for 145MB of RAM and it is using all of it.

One way to reduce the Xwindows RAM footprint a bit is to run a much 
smaller window manager. For example instead of the heavier Gnome or KDE 
run XFCE.

The current version of Fedora Redhat supports this I believe.

Terrence

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Ankit Jain]

well i hope this will give u a idea about my sys
current status

thanks
[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ free
             total       used       free     shared   
buffers     cached
Mem:        117912     116700       1212          0   
   1068      28472
-/+ buffers/cache:      87160      30752
Swap:       522072      41440     480632
[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ top
 
 10:35:20  up 17 min,  2 users,  load average: 0.03,
0.14, 0.16
60 processes: 57 sleeping, 3 running, 0 zombie, 0
stopped
CPU states:   1.3% user   0.0% system   0.0% nice  
0.0% iowait  98.6% idle
Mem:   117912k av,  116000k used,    1912k free,      
0k shrd,    1100k buff
                     64652k actv,       0k in_d,   
1084k in_c
Swap:  522072k av,   43448k used,  478624k free       
           28232k cached
                                                      
                                          
  PID USER     PRI  NI  SIZE  RSS SHARE STAT %CPU %MEM
  TIME CPU COMMAND
 3587 root      15   0  140M 6132  1056 R     0.8  5.2
  0:22   0 X
 3783 ankit     15   0  1052 1052   852 R     0.4  0.8
  0:00   0 top
    1 root      15   0    88   60    40 S     0.0  0.0
  0:03   0 init
    2 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 keventd
    3 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kapmd
    4 root      34  19     0    0     0 SWN   0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 ksoftirqd_CPU0
    9 root      25   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 bdflush
    5 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kswapd
    6 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kscand/DMA
    7 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kscand/Normal
    8 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kscand/HighMem
   10 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kupdated
   11 root      25   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 mdrecoveryd
  110 root      25   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 khubd
 3169 root      15   0   172  120   100 S     0.0  0.1
  0:00   0 syslogd
 3173 root      15   0    52    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 klogd
 3191 rpc       15   0    76    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 portmap
 3210 rpcuser   25   0    80    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 rpc.statd
 3277 root      24   0    52    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 apmd
 3315 root      25   0   244    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 sshd
 
--- Terrence Martin <tmartin@physics.ucsd.edu> wrote: 
> Ankit Jain wrote:
> 
> >hi
> >
> >well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb
> RAM
> >
> >i have seen not only on this sytem but the other
> one
> >having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
> >taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around
> 90%
> >is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512
> Mb
> >RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this
> load. i
> >oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this .
> if
> >we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
> >this load while working in GUI envt
> >
> >thanks
> >
> >Ankit
> >
>
>________________________________________________________________________
> >Yahoo! Messenger - Communicate instantly..."Ping" 
> >your friends today! Download Messenger Now 
> >http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com/download/index.html
> >-
> >To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
> >the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> >More majordomo info at 
> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> >Please read the FAQ at  http://www.tux.org/lkml/
> >
> >  
> >
> Can you post the following
> 
> The output of the free command
> 
> # free
> 
> As well as the top 10 or so processes copied from
> top?
> 
> Run top
> # top
> 
> Then hit M (capital M) to sort by memory,
> 
> Then past the results to the email.. It is a lot
> easier to know what is 
> going on if everyone can see the actual memory
> information.
> 
> For example
> 
> $ free
>              total       used       free     shared 
>   buffers     cached
> Mem:       1550128    1515028      35100          0 
>    160944     801932
> -/+ buffers/cache:     552152     997976
> Swap:      2449904      19928    2429976
> 
> Output of top, sorted by memory.
> 
> 19725 tmartin   15   0  145M 145M 26196 S     2.7 
> 9.5  20:17   0 
> mozilla-bin
>  9925 root      15   0  135M  66M  8472 S     3.5 
> 4.3 270:54   0 X
> 17665 tmartin   15   0 20912  20M 16488 S     0.0 
> 1.3   0:00   0 kdeinit
> 17632 tmartin   15   0 17260  16M 14352 S     0.1 
> 1.1   2:40   0 kdeinit
> 17659 tmartin   15   0 15332  14M 12684 S     0.0 
> 0.9   0:07   0 kdeinit
> 17657 tmartin   15   0 14916  14M 12564 S     0.0 
> 0.9   0:00   0 kdeinit
> 23837 tmartin   15   0 14860  14M 12676 S     0.0 
> 0.9   0:00   0 kdeinit
> 19561 tmartin   15   0 14792  14M 12584 S     0.0 
> 0.9   0:00   0 kdeinit
> 19638 tmartin   15   0 14652  14M 12560 S     0.0 
> 0.9   0:00   0 kdeinit
> 17630 tmartin   15   0 14568  14M 12748 S     0.0 
> 0.9   0:02   0 kdeinit
> 
> 
> In my case I am in good shape. I am not using much
> swap, X is using 
> 133MB of RAM but only 66MB are actually resident.
> That is there is only 
> 66MB in physical memory, even though the memory size
> is 135MB.  Mozilla 
> on the other hand has asked for 145MB of RAM and it
> is using all of it.
> 
> One way to reduce the Xwindows RAM footprint a bit
> is to run a much 
> smaller window manager. For example instead of the
> heavier Gnome or KDE 
> run XFCE.
> 
> The current version of Fedora Redhat supports this I
> believe.
> 
> Terrence
> 
> -
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
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> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> Please read the FAQ at
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>  

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Ankit Jain]

thanks

this is the output

i am using redhat linux 9.0

"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons (PCMCIA,
ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you used
chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
intrested in closing these services

thanks again

[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
        total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers: 
cached:
Mem:  120741888 118902784  1839104        0  1695744
74162176
Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
MemTotal:       117912 kB
MemFree:          1796 kB
MemShared:           0 kB
Buffers:          1656 kB
Cached:          36536 kB
SwapCached:      35888 kB
Active:          65144 kB
ActiveAnon:      37092 kB
ActiveCache:     28052 kB
Inact_dirty:      4852 kB
Inact_laundry:    6728 kB
Inact_clean:      1068 kB
Inact_target:    15556 kB
HighTotal:           0 kB
HighFree:            0 kB
LowTotal:       117912 kB
LowFree:          1796 kB
SwapTotal:      522072 kB
SwapFree:       454192 kB
[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ ps -al
F S   UID   PID  PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR    SZ WCHAN  TTY
         TIME CMD
0 R   501  4306  4279  0  75   0    -   778 -     
pts/0    00:00:00 ps
[ankit@Ankit ankit]$

 
--- Jim Nelson <james4765@verizon.net> wrote: 
> Ankit Jain wrote:
> 
> >hi
> >
> >well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb
> RAM
> >
> >i have seen not only on this sytem but the other
> one
> >having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
> >taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around
> 90%
> >is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512
> Mb
> >RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this
> load. i
> >oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this .
> if
> >we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
> >this load while working in GUI envt
> >
> >thanks
> >
> >Ankit
> >  
> >
> 
> Could you please post your ps -Al, /proc/meminfo,
> and lspci output?  I 
> know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons (PCMCIA,
> ISDN, etc) that are 
> started by default - have you used chkconfig or
> redhat-config-services 
> to shut off unneded services?
> 
> The kernel also uses a lot of free memory for I/O
> caching - even my P4 
> w/ 1GB RAMBUS shows 90% memory consumption in
> /proc/meminfo.  Caching is 
> a low-priority memory allocation - when the system
> needs memory for 
> active processes, it should give the memory to the
> process.
> 
> BTW, unless you are using a framebuffer kernel-level
> driver, X is 
> handled almost exclusively in userland.  On SPARC32
> (for example) 
> framebuffers are pretty much the only way to get X
> working, but mostly, 
> XFree86 and the X.org server that comes with FC2 use
> mostly user-space 
> drivers.
> -
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at 
> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> Please read the FAQ at
> http://www.linux-learn.org/faqs
>  

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Jim Nelson]

Ankit Jain wrote:

>thanks
>
>this is the output
>
>i am using redhat linux 9.0
>
>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons (PCMCIA,
>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you used
>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
>intrested in closing these services
>
>thanks again
>
>  
>
Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to root, and type 
"redhat-config-services &".  That will give you a GUI to select the 
services you wish to run.  Depending on how much you selected when 
installing, it could be quite a bit.

Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting into command-line mode, 
and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login level.

The only critical services controlled by this are network, syslog, 
xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS).  Do not disable those unless 
you know what you're doing it for.  iptables is the firewall control 
(only disable if you are in a very well protected network).

Most everything else can be turned off.

>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
>        total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers: 
>cached:
>Mem:  120741888 118902784  1839104        0  1695744
>74162176
>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
>MemTotal:       117912 kB
>MemFree:          1796 kB
>MemShared:           0 kB
>Buffers:          1656 kB
>Cached:          36536 kB
>SwapCached:      35888 kB
>Active:          65144 kB
>ActiveAnon:      37092 kB
>ActiveCache:     28052 kB
>Inact_dirty:      4852 kB
>Inact_laundry:    6728 kB
>Inact_clean:      1068 kB
>Inact_target:    15556 kB
>HighTotal:           0 kB
>HighFree:            0 kB
>LowTotal:       117912 kB
>LowFree:          1796 kB
>SwapTotal:      522072 kB
>SwapFree:       454192 kB
>  
>

128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on RH9.  You can do it 
(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's a pig.

You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your total process 
memory.  BTW - what kind of computer is it?  If it's not some oddball 
hardware, your best solution is some RAM.  256 MB is enough to make X happy.


>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ ps -al
>F S   UID   PID  PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR    SZ WCHAN  TTY
>         TIME CMD
>0 R   501  4306  4279  0  75   0    -   778 -     
>pts/0    00:00:00 ps
>  
>

The difference between 'ps -al' and 'ps -Al' (note the uppercase A) is 
that ps -Al shows all of the processes running on the computer - whereas 
ps -al only shows the processes running on the terminal that ran the 
command. 

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[chuck gelm]

Ankit Jain wrote:

>well i hope this will give u a idea about my sys
>current status
>
>thanks
>  
>
i had never got memory lost kinda messages but aftger

some hours of working my system gets damn slow and
even mozilla never opens on it. when i start mozilla
it shows in panel starting mozilla and after a min
nothing  opens.

thanks

ankit

It might be helpful if we saw the data of 'free' and 'top' 
after it gets "slow and mozilla never opens on it".

Leave 'top' running on a virtual console and switch to it
when the systems gets slow.  Try toggling the display with
the 'i' switch.  Press a lower case 'i' and top will toggle
between showing 'idle' processes and not showing them.

 In the data capture you shared, it is showing only 41 MB
of swap being (ever) used.  Perhaps viewing this data while
mozilla is running would be more meaningful.

HTH, Chuck



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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Peter]

Want to free memory?

$ free
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:        223708     220120       3588          0      28356     107936
-/+ buffers/cache:      83828     139880
Swap:       128480       3996     124484

$ locate /usr/bin/f* or x* or g* ...


$ free
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:        223708      41364     182344          0       1520      28592
-/+ buffers/cache:      11252     212456
Swap:       128480       5056     123424


-- 
Peter

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Ray Olszewski]

At 10:07 AM 10/7/2004 +0800, Peter wrote:
>Want to free memory?
>
>$ free
>              total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
>Mem:        223708     220120       3588          0      28356     107936
>-/+ buffers/cache:      83828     139880
>Swap:       128480       3996     124484
>
>$ locate /usr/bin/f* or x* or g* ...
>
>
>$ free
>              total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
>Mem:        223708      41364     182344          0       1520      28592
>-/+ buffers/cache:      11252     212456
>Swap:       128480       5056     123424

Peter -- This is a pretty strange consequence of running the "locate" 
command. And I cannot replicate it here. For example:

ray@waverly:~$ free
              total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:        773892     742056      31836          0      87600     441912
-/+ buffers/cache:     212544     561348
Swap:            0          0          0
ray@waverly:~$ locate /usr/bin/f*
/usr/bin/factor
[about 40 more lines, deleted here]
ray@waverly:~$ free
              total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:        773892     742076      31816          0      87608     441924
-/+ buffers/cache:     212544     561348
Swap:            0          0          0

Any idea what's causing the change on your system? My understanding of 
Linux says it shouldn't work the way you report seeing it, so I'm wondering 
what I am missing.



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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Owen Ford]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2825 bytes --]

On Thu, 2004-10-07 at 00:48, Ray Olszewski wrote:
> At 10:07 AM 10/7/2004 +0800, Peter wrote:
> >Want to free memory?
> >
> >$ free
> >              total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
> >Mem:        223708     220120       3588          0      28356     107936
> >-/+ buffers/cache:      83828     139880
> >Swap:       128480       3996     124484
> >
> >$ locate /usr/bin/f* or x* or g* ...
> >
> >
> >$ free
> >              total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
> >Mem:        223708      41364     182344          0       1520      28592
> >-/+ buffers/cache:      11252     212456
> >Swap:       128480       5056     123424
> 
> Peter -- This is a pretty strange consequence of running the "locate" 
> command. And I cannot replicate it here. For example:
> 
> ray@waverly:~$ free
>               total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
> Mem:        773892     742056      31836          0      87600     441912
> -/+ buffers/cache:     212544     561348
> Swap:            0          0          0
> ray@waverly:~$ locate /usr/bin/f*
> /usr/bin/factor
> [about 40 more lines, deleted here]
> ray@waverly:~$ free
>               total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
> Mem:        773892     742076      31816          0      87608     441924
> -/+ buffers/cache:     212544     561348
> Swap:            0          0          0
> 
> Any idea what's causing the change on your system? My understanding of 
> Linux says it shouldn't work the way you report seeing it, so I'm wondering 
> what I am missing.

It's not really anything to do with locate.  You create an enormous
amount of memory pressure that won't be needed but the once.  This
causes tho VM to dump most of what is in RAM to swap or just free the
pages.

I believe that is the LRU algorithm doing its job :)

In my case most of my applications were dumped to swap.  X was still
snappy but almost everything else was massively sluggish and locate ate
all available memory plus a big chunk of swap.

spider ~ # free   
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:       1034704    1023732      10972          0      53008     334368
-/+ buffers/cache:     636356     398348
Swap:      2048248      25464    2022784
spider ~ # locate /usr/bin/g*
<snip>
spider ~ # free 
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:       1034704     132848     901856          0        652      36024
-/+ buffers/cache:      96172     938532
Swap:      2048248     252972    1795276
spider ~ # 

-- 
Owen Ford <oford@arghblech.com>

()  ascii ribbon campaign - against html e-mail 
/\                        - against proprietary attachments

[-- Attachment #2: This is a digitally signed message part --]
[-- Type: application/pgp-signature, Size: 189 bytes --]

Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Ankit Jain]

what is this doing

thanks

ankit
 --- Peter <heisspf@skyinet.net> wrote: 
> Want to free memory?
> 
> $ free
>              total       used       free     shared 
>   buffers     cached
> Mem:        223708     220120       3588          0 
>     28356     107936
> -/+ buffers/cache:      83828     139880
> Swap:       128480       3996     124484
> 
> $ locate /usr/bin/f* or x* or g* ...
> 
> 
> $ free
>              total       used       free     shared 
>   buffers     cached
> Mem:        223708      41364     182344          0 
>      1520      28592
> -/+ buffers/cache:      11252     212456
> Swap:       128480       5056     123424
> 
> 
> -- 
> Peter
> 
> -
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at 
> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> Please read the FAQ at
> http://www.linux-learn.org/faqs
>  

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Ankit Jain]

thanks a lot for help

but at this moment i am trying to find out what
services i should stop with this redhat-config service

and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a col
of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
becaz both shows different values

rest inline

 --- Jim Nelson <james4765@verizon.net> wrote: 
> Ankit Jain wrote:
> 
> >thanks
> >
> >this is the output
> >
> >i am using redhat linux 9.0
> >
> >"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
> (PCMCIA,
> >ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
> used
> >chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
> >unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
> >intrested in closing these services
> >
> >thanks again
> >
> >  
> >
> Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
> root, and type 
> "redhat-config-services &".  That will give you a
> GUI to select the 
> services you wish to run.  Depending on how much you
> selected when 
> installing, it could be quite a bit.
> 
> Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting into
> command-line mode, 
> and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
> level.
> 
> The only critical services controlled by this are
> network, syslog, 
> xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS).  Do not
> disable those unless 
> you know what you're doing it for.  iptables is the
> firewall control 
> (only disable if you are in a very well protected
> network).

do u know any document to know all this?

> 
> Most everything else can be turned off.
> 
> >[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
> >        total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers: 
> >cached:
> >Mem:  120741888 118902784  1839104        0 
> 1695744
> >74162176
> >Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
> >MemTotal:       117912 kB
> >MemFree:          1796 kB
> >MemShared:           0 kB
> >Buffers:          1656 kB
> >Cached:          36536 kB
> >SwapCached:      35888 kB
> >Active:          65144 kB
> >ActiveAnon:      37092 kB
> >ActiveCache:     28052 kB
> >Inact_dirty:      4852 kB
> >Inact_laundry:    6728 kB
> >Inact_clean:      1068 kB
> >Inact_target:    15556 kB
> >HighTotal:           0 kB
> >HighFree:            0 kB
> >LowTotal:       117912 kB
> >LowFree:          1796 kB
> >SwapTotal:      522072 kB
> >SwapFree:       454192 kB
> >  
> >
> 
> 128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
> RH9.  You can do it 
> (that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's a
> pig.
> 
> You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
> total process 
> memory.  BTW - what kind of computer is it?  If it's
> not some oddball 
> hardware, your best solution is some RAM.  256 MB is
> enough to make X happy.
> 

no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system with
512 Mb of RAM i had seen that

and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free? what
else is using that memory?

thanks

ankit

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Jim Nelson]

Ankit Jain wrote:

>thanks a lot for help
>
>but at this moment i am trying to find out what
>services i should stop with this redhat-config service
>
>  
>
Pretty much anything you aren't going to use - if it's a desktop 
machine, for example, you don't need sendmail running, for example.
As I mentioned before,

    The only critical services controlled by this are network, syslog,
    xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS). Do not disable those unless
    you know what you're doing it for. iptables is the firewall control
    (only disable if you are in a very well protected network).


>and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
>col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a col
>of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
>becaz both shows different values
>
>  
>

I'm not sure what the PRI column in "ps -Al" is bringing up - it's 
definitely not System V or BSD priority - I think it might be the actual 
kernel scheduler priority, whereas top and "ps al" show standard 
BSD-style priorities.

Someone else have more info?

>rest inline
>
> --- Jim Nelson <james4765@verizon.net> wrote: 
>  
>
>>Ankit Jain wrote:
>>
>>    
>>
>>>thanks
>>>
>>>this is the output
>>>
>>>i am using redhat linux 9.0
>>>
>>>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
>>>      
>>>
>>(PCMCIA,
>>    
>>
>>>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
>>>      
>>>
>>used
>>    
>>
>>>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
>>>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
>>>intrested in closing these services
>>>
>>>thanks again
>>>
>>> 
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
>>root, and type 
>>"redhat-config-services &".  That will give you a
>>GUI to select the 
>>services you wish to run.  Depending on how much you
>>selected when 
>>installing, it could be quite a bit.
>>
>>Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting into
>>command-line mode, 
>>and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
>>level.
>>
>>The only critical services controlled by this are
>>network, syslog, 
>>xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS).  Do not
>>disable those unless 
>>you know what you're doing it for.  iptables is the
>>firewall control 
>>(only disable if you are in a very well protected
>>network).
>>    
>>
>
>do u know any document to know all this?
>
>  
>

Some is experience (killed my first box more times than I care to 
admit), and most of it came from a book I bought that came with RH9.  
Each service listed is actually a reference to a set of scripts in 
/etc/rc.d/init.d - Red Hat-based distros use System V-style 
initialization, with different runlevels for different functionality.

It takes some research, sometimes, to understand what each service 
mentioned does.  Honestly, a dead-tree book or 20 is a great resource - 
especially when booting off a rescue disk and trying to remember what 
you need to do to fix your system.

>>Most everything else can be turned off.
>>
>>    
>>
>>>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
>>>       total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers: 
>>>cached:
>>>Mem:  120741888 118902784  1839104        0 
>>>      
>>>
>>1695744
>>    
>>
>>>74162176
>>>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
>>>MemTotal:       117912 kB
>>>MemFree:          1796 kB
>>>MemShared:           0 kB
>>>Buffers:          1656 kB
>>>Cached:          36536 kB
>>>SwapCached:      35888 kB
>>>Active:          65144 kB
>>>ActiveAnon:      37092 kB
>>>ActiveCache:     28052 kB
>>>Inact_dirty:      4852 kB
>>>Inact_laundry:    6728 kB
>>>Inact_clean:      1068 kB
>>>Inact_target:    15556 kB
>>>HighTotal:           0 kB
>>>HighFree:            0 kB
>>>LowTotal:       117912 kB
>>>LowFree:          1796 kB
>>>SwapTotal:      522072 kB
>>>SwapFree:       454192 kB
>>> 
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
>>RH9.  You can do it 
>>(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's a
>>pig.
>>
>>You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
>>total process 
>>memory.  BTW - what kind of computer is it?  If it's
>>not some oddball 
>>hardware, your best solution is some RAM.  256 MB is
>>enough to make X happy.
>>
>>    
>>
>
>no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system with
>512 Mb of RAM i had seen that
>
>and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
>around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free? what
>else is using that memory?
>
>  
>

The filesystem cache.  From my machine:

[jim@david c]$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:       905280 kB
MemFree:         46700 kB
Buffers:        110792 kB
Cached:         267252 kB
SwapCached:         24 kB
Active:         412068 kB
Inactive:       143296 kB
HighTotal:           0 kB
HighFree:            0 kB
LowTotal:       905280 kB
LowFree:         46700 kB
SwapTotal:     1048816 kB
SwapFree:      1048728 kB
Dirty:              20 kB
Writeback:           0 kB
Mapped:         227936 kB
Slab:           292576 kB
Committed_AS:   313896 kB
PageTables:       2048 kB
VmallocTotal:   122840 kB
VmallocUsed:      3520 kB
VmallocChunk:   118236 kB
HugePages_Total:     0
HugePages_Free:      0
Hugepagesize:     4096 kB

This is from a 2.6 kernel, so a few things might be a bit different, but 
the general scheme is the same.  Notice over 350 MB are consumed by 
buffers and the cache - but let me go and start GIMP and open a whole 
bunch of high-resolution pictures and I get:

[jim@david c]$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:       905280 kB
MemFree:          7280 kB
Buffers:         44084 kB
Cached:         263280 kB
SwapCached:        148 kB
Active:         511560 kB
Inactive:        96392 kB
HighTotal:           0 kB
HighFree:            0 kB
LowTotal:       905280 kB
LowFree:          7280 kB
SwapTotal:     1048816 kB
SwapFree:      1046204 kB
Dirty:             760 kB
Writeback:           0 kB
Mapped:         370692 kB
Slab:           278784 kB
Committed_AS:   445752 kB
PageTables:       2524 kB
VmallocTotal:   122840 kB
VmallocUsed:      3520 kB
VmallocChunk:   118236 kB
HugePages_Total:     0
HugePages_Free:      0
Hugepagesize:     4096 kB

Notice how the buffer memory consumption is cut in half?  I've still got 
7 MB free memory - Linux tries to keep some memory free at all times to 
prevent a machine from thrashing itself to death.  Notice also that the 
active memory count went up - and I actually had some stuff moved to my 
disk swap space.

Now, my system responsiveness is not hindered at all - even with 20 
pictures open in the GIMP.

Let's put the smackdown on this thing and open 120 pictures at 14.7 MB each.

MemTotal:       905280 kB
MemFree:          7412 kB
Buffers:          1404 kB
Cached:          73284 kB
SwapCached:     102004 kB
Active:         776724 kB
Inactive:        85120 kB
HighTotal:           0 kB
HighFree:            0 kB
LowTotal:       905280 kB
LowFree:          7412 kB
SwapTotal:     1048816 kB
SwapFree:       622796 kB
Dirty:             604 kB
Writeback:           0 kB
Mapped:         777052 kB
Slab:            23984 kB
Committed_AS:  1250072 kB
PageTables:       3308 kB
VmallocTotal:   122840 kB
VmallocUsed:      3520 kB
VmallocChunk:   118236 kB
HugePages_Total:     0
HugePages_Free:      0
Hugepagesize:     4096 kB

Notice 400 MB swapped to disk, the buffers have dwindled to less than 1% 
of the consumption of an unloaded system, and the I/O cache is 25% of an 
unloaded system.  There is noticable lag when switching between 
workspaces now.

That's where the extra memory is going.

>thanks
>
>ankit
>
>________________________________________________________________________
>Yahoo! Messenger - Communicate instantly..."Ping" 
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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[chuck gelm]

Ankit Jain wrote:

>thanks a lot for help
>
>but at this moment i am trying to find out what
>services i should stop with this redhat-config service
>
>and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
>col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a col
>of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
>becaz both shows different values
>
>rest inline
>
> --- Jim Nelson <james4765@verizon.net> wrote: 
>  
>
>>Ankit Jain wrote:
>>
>>    
>>
>>>thanks
>>>
>>>this is the output
>>>
>>>i am using redhat linux 9.0
>>>
>>>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
>>>      
>>>
>>(PCMCIA,
>>    
>>
>>>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
>>>      
>>>
>>used
>>    
>>
>>>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
>>>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
>>>intrested in closing these services
>>>
>>>thanks again
>>>
>>> 
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
>>root, and type 
>>"redhat-config-services &".  That will give you a
>>GUI to select the 
>>services you wish to run.  Depending on how much you
>>selected when 
>>installing, it could be quite a bit.
>>
>>Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting into
>>command-line mode, 
>>and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
>>level.
>>
>>The only critical services controlled by this are
>>network, syslog, 
>>xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS).  Do not
>>disable those unless 
>>you know what you're doing it for.  iptables is the
>>firewall control 
>>(only disable if you are in a very well protected
>>network).
>>    
>>
>
>do u know any document to know all this?
>
>  
>
>>Most everything else can be turned off.
>>
>>    
>>
>>>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
>>>       total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers: 
>>>cached:
>>>Mem:  120741888 118902784  1839104        0 
>>>      
>>>
>>1695744
>>    
>>
>>>74162176
>>>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
>>>MemTotal:       117912 kB
>>>MemFree:          1796 kB
>>>MemShared:           0 kB
>>>Buffers:          1656 kB
>>>Cached:          36536 kB
>>>SwapCached:      35888 kB
>>>Active:          65144 kB
>>>ActiveAnon:      37092 kB
>>>ActiveCache:     28052 kB
>>>Inact_dirty:      4852 kB
>>>Inact_laundry:    6728 kB
>>>Inact_clean:      1068 kB
>>>Inact_target:    15556 kB
>>>HighTotal:           0 kB
>>>HighFree:            0 kB
>>>LowTotal:       117912 kB
>>>LowFree:          1796 kB
>>>SwapTotal:      522072 kB
>>>SwapFree:       454192 kB
>>> 
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
>>RH9.  You can do it 
>>(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's a
>>pig.
>>
>>You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
>>total process 
>>memory.  BTW - what kind of computer is it?  If it's
>>not some oddball 
>>hardware, your best solution is some RAM.  256 MB is
>>enough to make X happy.
>>
>>    
>>
>
>no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system with
>512 Mb of RAM i had seen that
>
>and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
>around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free? what
>else is using that memory?
>
>thanks
>
>ankit
>  
>
Dear Ankit:

 I am not sure what your goal is.
Is it to increase available RAM by 'tuning' your system,
rather than by installing more RAM memory?
I think that 'top' will display running programs and
sort them by the memory they consume
 (or try to comsume).
What programs or services are installed in your setup
and how much memory are they consuming?
You probably need look no futher than the 'top ten'.

Chuck


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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Ankit Jain]

 --- chuck gelm <chuck@gelm.net> wrote: 
> Ankit Jain wrote:
> 
> >thanks a lot for help
> >
> >but at this moment i am trying to find out what
> >services i should stop with this redhat-config
> service
> >
> >and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
> >col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a
> col
> >of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
> >becaz both shows different values
> >
> >rest inline
> >
> > --- Jim Nelson <james4765@verizon.net> wrote: 
> >  
> >
> >>Ankit Jain wrote:
> >>
> >>    
> >>
> >>>thanks
> >>>
> >>>this is the output
> >>>
> >>>i am using redhat linux 9.0
> >>>
> >>>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>(PCMCIA,
> >>    
> >>
> >>>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>used
> >>    
> >>
> >>>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
> >>>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i
> am
> >>>intrested in closing these services
> >>>
> >>>thanks again
> >>>
> >>> 
> >>>
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
> >>root, and type 
> >>"redhat-config-services &".  That will give you a
> >>GUI to select the 
> >>services you wish to run.  Depending on how much
> you
> >>selected when 
> >>installing, it could be quite a bit.
> >>
> >>Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting
> into
> >>command-line mode, 
> >>and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
> >>level.
> >>
> >>The only critical services controlled by this are
> >>network, syslog, 
> >>xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS).  Do
> not
> >>disable those unless 
> >>you know what you're doing it for.  iptables is
> the
> >>firewall control 
> >>(only disable if you are in a very well protected
> >>network).
> >>    
> >>
> >
> >do u know any document to know all this?
> >
> >  
> >
> >>Most everything else can be turned off.
> >>
> >>    
> >>
> >>>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
> >>>       total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers:
> 
> >>>cached:
> >>>Mem:  120741888 118902784  1839104        0 
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>1695744
> >>    
> >>
> >>>74162176
> >>>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
> >>>MemTotal:       117912 kB
> >>>MemFree:          1796 kB
> >>>MemShared:           0 kB
> >>>Buffers:          1656 kB
> >>>Cached:          36536 kB
> >>>SwapCached:      35888 kB
> >>>Active:          65144 kB
> >>>ActiveAnon:      37092 kB
> >>>ActiveCache:     28052 kB
> >>>Inact_dirty:      4852 kB
> >>>Inact_laundry:    6728 kB
> >>>Inact_clean:      1068 kB
> >>>Inact_target:    15556 kB
> >>>HighTotal:           0 kB
> >>>HighFree:            0 kB
> >>>LowTotal:       117912 kB
> >>>LowFree:          1796 kB
> >>>SwapTotal:      522072 kB
> >>>SwapFree:       454192 kB
> >>> 
> >>>
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
> >>RH9.  You can do it 
> >>(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's
> a
> >>pig.
> >>
> >>You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
> >>total process 
> >>memory.  BTW - what kind of computer is it?  If
> it's
> >>not some oddball 
> >>hardware, your best solution is some RAM.  256 MB
> is
> >>enough to make X happy.
> >>
> >>    
> >>
> >
> >no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system
> with
> >512 Mb of RAM i had seen that
> >
> >and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
> >around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free?
> what
> >else is using that memory?
> >
> >thanks
> >
> >ankit
> >  
> >
> Dear Ankit:
> 
>  I am not sure what your goal is.

:) well my goal is to increase available RAM by tuning
the sytem

11:08:00  up 25 min,  2 users,  load average: 0.21,
0.13, 0.10
60 processes: 57 sleeping, 3 running, 0 zombie, 0
stopped
CPU states:   0.9% user   0.0% system   0.0% nice  
0.0% iowait  99.0% idle
Mem:   117912k av,  116684k used,    1228k free,      
0k shrd,    1660k buff
                     65128k actv,    4760k in_d,   
1644k in_c
Swap:  522072k av,   40556k used,  481516k free       
           32240k cached
                                                      
                                          
  PID USER     PRI  NI  SIZE  RSS SHARE STAT %CPU %MEM
  TIME CPU COMMAND
 3598 root      15   0  139M 5316   872 R     0.7  4.5
  0:18   0 X
 3790 ankit     15   0  1048 1048   848 R     0.1  0.8
  0:00   0 top
    1 root      15   0    88   60    40 S     0.0  0.0
  0:03   0 init
    2 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 keventd
    3 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kapmd
    4 root      35  19     0    0     0 SWN   0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 ksoftirqd_CPU0
    9 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 bdflush
    5 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kswapd
    6 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kscand/DMA
    7 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kscand/Normal
    8 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kscand/HighMem
   10 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 kupdated
   11 root      25   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 mdrecoveryd
  110 root      25   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 khubd
 3180 root      15   0   188  156   112 S     0.0  0.1
  0:00   0 syslogd
 3184 root      15   0    56    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 klogd
 3202 rpc       15   0    72    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 portmap
 3221 rpcuser   25   0    76    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 rpc.statd
 3288 root      24   0    52    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 apmd
 3325 root      25   0   240    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
  0:00   0 sshd

if u will calculate this it will show very less
compared to qhat it displays. becaz it displays
only1.5 Mb to be free

thanks

ankit
> Is it to increase available RAM by 'tuning' your
> system,
> rather than by installing more RAM memory?
> I think that 'top' will display running programs and
> sort them by the memory they consume
>  (or try to comsume).
> What programs or services are installed in your
> setup
> and how much memory are they consuming?
> You probably need look no futher than the 'top ten'.
> 
> Chuck
> 
> 
> -
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at 
> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> Please read the FAQ at
> http://www.linux-learn.org/faqs
>  

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

[Ray Olszewski]

Now that I better understand your goal, let me try to offer some suggestions.

First, try using "ps aux" to get a more readable, and complete, picture of 
your memory use. "top" sorts by recent activity in its default setting, and 
that is not the best way to find what processes are using the most memory. 
"ps aux" will give you a complete list of processes running, and by 
scanning the "RSS" column (or running the output through "sort" using that 
column), you can spot the ones using a lot of RAM.

 From what you sent, X *itself* is probably not the culprit in your case. 
Though its VSS size is high, its RSS size is only about 6 MB (4.5% of RAM). 
Since you only sent a list of the top 20 or so processes sorted by by CPU 
use (not by RAM use), no one will be able to use this list to suggest ways 
to trim memory use.

What running processes you can trim depends on what you are using the 
system for. A workstation oriented toward development, for example, needs 
fewer services running than a system indended to provide, say, e-mail 
forwarding to a LAN.

Your choice of window manager also matters. For example, here on a 
workstation I run KDE, and it starts up a whole bunch of k* processes. Each 
individually uses very little RAM, but there are something like 20 of them, 
and cumulatively they occupy a lot of RAM. I can put up with this load 
because I have 768 MB of RAM in the system, but ut would be intolerable on 
a system sized like yours.

If you don't need all the KDE hoohas, you can switch to a more lightweight 
window manager -- for example, blackbox, XFce, or fluxbox ... actually, 
when compared to KDE, almost *any* other WM is "lightweight" -- and save a 
lot of RAM. (If you really need to run KDE, you probably want to take the 
suggestion someone else (Chuck? Jim? it's hard to tell who said what) 
already made to increase physical RAM.)

BTW, when considering priority issues, you would do better to focus on the 
NI (nice'ness) entry for each process, not its PRI (priority) entry. The NI 
value reflects what you (or root) can reset with "nice", and that is 
probably more important to you than varying representations of the actual, 
running priority (PRI) of the process.

I don't know, or recall, what the difference you are seeing means ... but 
as a general matter, "ps" options that are preceded by a "-" call for 
AT&T-style Unix syntax, while ones without the "-" call for BSD syntax. 
"top", I believe, uses BSD syntax. So to figure out how the two PRI 
representations differ, I would look into the differences between the two 
Unix forks.

If your looking at PRI is based on the system responding sluggishly ... I 
suspect that derives from its use of swap. Compared to physical RAM, swap 
access is painfully slow. It just doesn't support acceptable (by most 
people) performance for real-time processes like UIs or the usual desktop 
applications. Your other focus, on reducing use of RAM, is the right place 
to concentrate your efforts.

At 06:27 AM 10/8/2004 +0100, Ankit Jain wrote:
>  --- chuck gelm <chuck@gelm.net> wrote:
> > Ankit Jain wrote:
> >
> > >thanks a lot for help
> > >
> > >but at this moment i am trying to find out what
> > >services i should stop with this redhat-config
> > service
> > >
> > >and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
> > >col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a
> > col
> > >of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
> > >becaz both shows different values
> > >
> > >rest inline
> > >
> > > --- Jim Nelson <james4765@verizon.net> wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > >>Ankit Jain wrote:
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>thanks
> > >>>
> > >>>this is the output
> > >>>
> > >>>i am using redhat linux 9.0
> > >>>
> > >>>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>(PCMCIA,
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>used
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
> > >>>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i
> > am
> > >>>intrested in closing these services
> > >>>
> > >>>thanks again
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
> > >>root, and type
> > >>"redhat-config-services &".  That will give you a
> > >>GUI to select the
> > >>services you wish to run.  Depending on how much
> > you
> > >>selected when
> > >>installing, it could be quite a bit.
> > >>
> > >>Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting
> > into
> > >>command-line mode,
> > >>and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
> > >>level.
> > >>
> > >>The only critical services controlled by this are
> > >>network, syslog,
> > >>xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS).  Do
> > not
> > >>disable those unless
> > >>you know what you're doing it for.  iptables is
> > the
> > >>firewall control
> > >>(only disable if you are in a very well protected
> > >>network).
> > >>
> > >>
> > >
> > >do u know any document to know all this?
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >>Most everything else can be turned off.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
> > >>>       total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers:
> >
> > >>>cached:
> > >>>Mem:  120741888 118902784  1839104        0
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>1695744
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>74162176
> > >>>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
> > >>>MemTotal:       117912 kB
> > >>>MemFree:          1796 kB
> > >>>MemShared:           0 kB
> > >>>Buffers:          1656 kB
> > >>>Cached:          36536 kB
> > >>>SwapCached:      35888 kB
> > >>>Active:          65144 kB
> > >>>ActiveAnon:      37092 kB
> > >>>ActiveCache:     28052 kB
> > >>>Inact_dirty:      4852 kB
> > >>>Inact_laundry:    6728 kB
> > >>>Inact_clean:      1068 kB
> > >>>Inact_target:    15556 kB
> > >>>HighTotal:           0 kB
> > >>>HighFree:            0 kB
> > >>>LowTotal:       117912 kB
> > >>>LowFree:          1796 kB
> > >>>SwapTotal:      522072 kB
> > >>>SwapFree:       454192 kB
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
> > >>RH9.  You can do it
> > >>(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's
> > a
> > >>pig.
> > >>
> > >>You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
> > >>total process
> > >>memory.  BTW - what kind of computer is it?  If
> > it's
> > >>not some oddball
> > >>hardware, your best solution is some RAM.  256 MB
> > is
> > >>enough to make X happy.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >
> > >no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system
> > with
> > >512 Mb of RAM i had seen that
> > >
> > >and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
> > >around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free?
> > what
> > >else is using that memory?
> > >
> > >thanks
> > >
> > >ankit
> > >
> > >
> > Dear Ankit:
> >
> >  I am not sure what your goal is.
>
>:) well my goal is to increase available RAM by tuning
>the sytem
>
>11:08:00  up 25 min,  2 users,  load average: 0.21,
>0.13, 0.10
>60 processes: 57 sleeping, 3 running, 0 zombie, 0
>stopped
>CPU states:   0.9% user   0.0% system   0.0% nice
>0.0% iowait  99.0% idle
>Mem:   117912k av,  116684k used,    1228k free,
>0k shrd,    1660k buff
>                      65128k actv,    4760k in_d,
>1644k in_c
>Swap:  522072k av,   40556k used,  481516k free
>            32240k cached
>
>
>   PID USER     PRI  NI  SIZE  RSS SHARE STAT %CPU %MEM
>   TIME CPU COMMAND
>  3598 root      15   0  139M 5316   872 R     0.7  4.5
>   0:18   0 X
>  3790 ankit     15   0  1048 1048   848 R     0.1  0.8
>   0:00   0 top
>     1 root      15   0    88   60    40 S     0.0  0.0
>   0:03   0 init
>     2 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 keventd
>     3 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 kapmd
>     4 root      35  19     0    0     0 SWN   0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 ksoftirqd_CPU0
>     9 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 bdflush
>     5 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 kswapd
>     6 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 kscand/DMA
>     7 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 kscand/Normal
>     8 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 kscand/HighMem
>    10 root      15   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 kupdated
>    11 root      25   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 mdrecoveryd
>   110 root      25   0     0    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 khubd
>  3180 root      15   0   188  156   112 S     0.0  0.1
>   0:00   0 syslogd
>  3184 root      15   0    56    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 klogd
>  3202 rpc       15   0    72    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 portmap
>  3221 rpcuser   25   0    76    0     0 SW    0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 rpc.statd
>  3288 root      24   0    52    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 apmd
>  3325 root      25   0   240    4     0 S     0.0  0.0
>   0:00   0 sshd
>
>if u will calculate this it will show very less
>compared to qhat it displays. becaz it displays
>only1.5 Mb to be free
>
>thanks
>
>ankit
> > Is it to increase available RAM by 'tuning' your
> > system,
> > rather than by installing more RAM memory?
> > I think that 'top' will display running programs and
> > sort them by the memory they consume
> >  (or try to comsume).
> > What programs or services are installed in your
> > setup
> > and how much memory are they consuming?
> > You probably need look no futher than the 'top ten'.
> >


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To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
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