* [PATCH 1/4] ALSA: usb-audio: add Roland OCTA-CAPTURE multirate support
2026-08-29 0:49 [PATCH 0/4] ALSA: usb-audio: support Roland Capture sample rates Jonathan Seth Mainguy
@ 2026-08-29 0:49 ` Jonathan Seth Mainguy
2026-08-29 0:49 ` [PATCH 2/4] ALSA: usb-audio: expose OCTA-CAPTURE control MIDI cables Jonathan Seth Mainguy
` (3 subsequent siblings)
4 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: Jonathan Seth Mainguy @ 2026-08-29 0:49 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: linux-sound; +Cc: perex, tiwai, niklas, linux-kernel, Jonathan Seth Mainguy
The OCTA-CAPTURE provides one alternate setting for each supported
sample rate. Add the 48, 96 and 192 kHz playback and capture settings.
The existing S32_LE description causes the white-noise playback reported
by Niklas Aldervall and other users. The device sends packed 24-bit
samples, but S32_LE makes ALSA interpret each sample as a four-byte value,
which misaligns the stream. USB captures and PCM streaming tests confirm
that S24_3LE is the correct format for every setting.
The device provides 10 playback and 12 capture channels through
96 kHz, and four channels in each direction at 192 kHz. Correct the
product name in the commented override.
Tested on a physical OCTA-CAPTURE with full-duplex streams at 44.1,
48, 96 and 192 kHz.
Reported-by: Niklas Aldervall <niklas@aldervall.se>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/alsa-devel/6b623cb6-3a9b-4fe4-a57c-9a165d261692@aldervall.se/
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Seth Mainguy <jon@soh.re>
---
sound/usb/quirks-table.h | 104 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
1 file changed, 100 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
diff --git a/sound/usb/quirks-table.h b/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
index dd02c6294edf..ef618a0f18d3 100644
--- a/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
+++ b/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
@@ -1227,15 +1227,15 @@ YAMAHA_DEVICE(0x7010, "UB99"),
}
},
{
- /* only 44.1 kHz works at the moment */
+ /* S24_3LE; altsettings 1-4 match the device clock. */
USB_DEVICE(0x0582, 0x0120),
QUIRK_DRIVER_INFO {
/* .vendor_name = "Roland", */
- /* .product_name = "OCTO-CAPTURE", */
+ /* .product_name = "OCTA-CAPTURE", */
QUIRK_DATA_COMPOSITE {
{
QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(0) {
- .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
.channels = 10,
.iface = 0,
.altsetting = 1,
@@ -1249,9 +1249,57 @@ YAMAHA_DEVICE(0x7010, "UB99"),
.rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 44100 }
}
},
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(0) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+ .channels = 10,
+ .iface = 0,
+ .altsetting = 2,
+ .altset_idx = 2,
+ .endpoint = 0x05,
+ .ep_attr = 0x05,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
+ .rate_min = 48000,
+ .rate_max = 48000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 48000 }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(0) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+ .channels = 10,
+ .iface = 0,
+ .altsetting = 3,
+ .altset_idx = 3,
+ .endpoint = 0x05,
+ .ep_attr = 0x05,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000,
+ .rate_min = 96000,
+ .rate_max = 96000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 96000 }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(0) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+ .channels = 4,
+ .iface = 0,
+ .altsetting = 4,
+ .altset_idx = 4,
+ .endpoint = 0x05,
+ .ep_attr = 0x05,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000,
+ .rate_min = 192000,
+ .rate_max = 192000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 192000 }
+ }
+ },
{
QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(1) {
- .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
.channels = 12,
.iface = 1,
.altsetting = 1,
@@ -1265,6 +1313,54 @@ YAMAHA_DEVICE(0x7010, "UB99"),
.rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 44100 }
}
},
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(1) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+ .channels = 12,
+ .iface = 1,
+ .altsetting = 2,
+ .altset_idx = 2,
+ .endpoint = 0x85,
+ .ep_attr = 0x25,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
+ .rate_min = 48000,
+ .rate_max = 48000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 48000 }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(1) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+ .channels = 12,
+ .iface = 1,
+ .altsetting = 3,
+ .altset_idx = 3,
+ .endpoint = 0x85,
+ .ep_attr = 0x25,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000,
+ .rate_min = 96000,
+ .rate_max = 96000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 96000 }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(1) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+ .channels = 4,
+ .iface = 1,
+ .altsetting = 4,
+ .altset_idx = 4,
+ .endpoint = 0x85,
+ .ep_attr = 0x25,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000,
+ .rate_min = 192000,
+ .rate_max = 192000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 192000 }
+ }
+ },
{
QUIRK_DATA_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT(2) {
.out_cables = 0x0001,
--
2.55.0
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread* [PATCH 2/4] ALSA: usb-audio: expose OCTA-CAPTURE control MIDI cables
2026-08-29 0:49 [PATCH 0/4] ALSA: usb-audio: support Roland Capture sample rates Jonathan Seth Mainguy
2026-08-29 0:49 ` [PATCH 1/4] ALSA: usb-audio: add Roland OCTA-CAPTURE multirate support Jonathan Seth Mainguy
@ 2026-08-29 0:49 ` Jonathan Seth Mainguy
2026-08-29 0:50 ` [PATCH 3/4] ALSA: usb-audio: add Roland QUAD-CAPTURE multirate support Jonathan Seth Mainguy
` (2 subsequent siblings)
4 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: Jonathan Seth Mainguy @ 2026-08-29 0:49 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: linux-sound; +Cc: perex, tiwai, niklas, linux-kernel, Jonathan Seth Mainguy
The OCTA-CAPTURE uses cable 0 for MIDI. Control requests use cable 2,
and replies use cable 1.
Expose output cables 0 and 2 with mask 0x0005, and input cables 0 and 1
with mask 0x0003.
Tested on a physical OCTA-CAPTURE. Control requests sent on cable 2
received matching readback replies on cable 1, while cable 0 remained
available for MIDI.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Seth Mainguy <jon@soh.re>
---
sound/usb/quirks-table.h | 4 ++--
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/sound/usb/quirks-table.h b/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
index ef618a0f18d3..35eef9cf834b 100644
--- a/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
+++ b/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
@@ -1363,8 +1363,8 @@ YAMAHA_DEVICE(0x7010, "UB99"),
},
{
QUIRK_DATA_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT(2) {
- .out_cables = 0x0001,
- .in_cables = 0x0001
+ .out_cables = 0x0005,
+ .in_cables = 0x0003
}
},
{ QUIRK_DATA_IGNORE(3) },
--
2.55.0
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread* [PATCH 3/4] ALSA: usb-audio: add Roland QUAD-CAPTURE multirate support
2026-08-29 0:49 [PATCH 0/4] ALSA: usb-audio: support Roland Capture sample rates Jonathan Seth Mainguy
2026-08-29 0:49 ` [PATCH 1/4] ALSA: usb-audio: add Roland OCTA-CAPTURE multirate support Jonathan Seth Mainguy
2026-08-29 0:49 ` [PATCH 2/4] ALSA: usb-audio: expose OCTA-CAPTURE control MIDI cables Jonathan Seth Mainguy
@ 2026-08-29 0:50 ` Jonathan Seth Mainguy
2026-08-29 0:50 ` [PATCH 4/4] ALSA: usb-audio: set Roland Capture rate during stream preparation Jonathan Seth Mainguy
2026-08-31 8:30 ` [PATCH 0/4] ALSA: usb-audio: support Roland Capture sample rates Takashi Iwai
4 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: Jonathan Seth Mainguy @ 2026-08-29 0:50 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: linux-sound; +Cc: perex, tiwai, niklas, linux-kernel, Jonathan Seth Mainguy
The QUAD-CAPTURE provides alternate settings for 44.1, 48, 96 and
192 kHz. Its fixed quirk currently describes only 44.1 kHz.
Add the remaining playback and capture settings. The device provides
four playback and six capture channels through 96 kHz, and two channels
in each direction at 192 kHz. Each setting uses an S32_LE container.
Tested on a physical QUAD-CAPTURE with full-duplex streams at 44.1,
48, 96 and 192 kHz.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Seth Mainguy <jon@soh.re>
---
sound/usb/quirks-table.h | 98 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
1 file changed, 97 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/sound/usb/quirks-table.h b/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
index 35eef9cf834b..a1a33f11de4a 100644
--- a/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
+++ b/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
@@ -1374,7 +1374,7 @@ YAMAHA_DEVICE(0x7010, "UB99"),
}
},
{
- /* only 44.1 kHz works at the moment */
+ /* S32_LE; altsettings 1-4 match the device clock. */
USB_DEVICE(0x0582, 0x012f),
QUIRK_DRIVER_INFO {
/* .vendor_name = "Roland", */
@@ -1396,6 +1396,54 @@ YAMAHA_DEVICE(0x7010, "UB99"),
.rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 44100 }
}
},
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(0) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+ .channels = 4,
+ .iface = 0,
+ .altsetting = 2,
+ .altset_idx = 2,
+ .endpoint = 0x05,
+ .ep_attr = 0x05,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
+ .rate_min = 48000,
+ .rate_max = 48000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 48000 }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(0) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+ .channels = 4,
+ .iface = 0,
+ .altsetting = 3,
+ .altset_idx = 3,
+ .endpoint = 0x05,
+ .ep_attr = 0x05,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000,
+ .rate_min = 96000,
+ .rate_max = 96000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 96000 }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(0) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+ .channels = 2,
+ .iface = 0,
+ .altsetting = 4,
+ .altset_idx = 4,
+ .endpoint = 0x05,
+ .ep_attr = 0x05,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000,
+ .rate_min = 192000,
+ .rate_max = 192000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 192000 }
+ }
+ },
{
QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(1) {
.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
@@ -1412,6 +1460,54 @@ YAMAHA_DEVICE(0x7010, "UB99"),
.rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 44100 }
}
},
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(1) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+ .channels = 6,
+ .iface = 1,
+ .altsetting = 2,
+ .altset_idx = 2,
+ .endpoint = 0x85,
+ .ep_attr = 0x25,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
+ .rate_min = 48000,
+ .rate_max = 48000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 48000 }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(1) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+ .channels = 6,
+ .iface = 1,
+ .altsetting = 3,
+ .altset_idx = 3,
+ .endpoint = 0x85,
+ .ep_attr = 0x25,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000,
+ .rate_min = 96000,
+ .rate_max = 96000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 96000 }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ QUIRK_DATA_AUDIOFORMAT(1) {
+ .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+ .channels = 2,
+ .iface = 1,
+ .altsetting = 4,
+ .altset_idx = 4,
+ .endpoint = 0x85,
+ .ep_attr = 0x25,
+ .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000,
+ .rate_min = 192000,
+ .rate_max = 192000,
+ .nr_rates = 1,
+ .rate_table = (unsigned int[]) { 192000 }
+ }
+ },
{
QUIRK_DATA_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT(2) {
.out_cables = 0x0001,
--
2.55.0
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread* [PATCH 4/4] ALSA: usb-audio: set Roland Capture rate during stream preparation
2026-08-29 0:49 [PATCH 0/4] ALSA: usb-audio: support Roland Capture sample rates Jonathan Seth Mainguy
` (2 preceding siblings ...)
2026-08-29 0:50 ` [PATCH 3/4] ALSA: usb-audio: add Roland QUAD-CAPTURE multirate support Jonathan Seth Mainguy
@ 2026-08-29 0:50 ` Jonathan Seth Mainguy
2026-08-31 8:30 ` [PATCH 0/4] ALSA: usb-audio: support Roland Capture sample rates Takashi Iwai
4 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: Jonathan Seth Mainguy @ 2026-08-29 0:50 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: linux-sound; +Cc: perex, tiwai, niklas, linux-kernel, Jonathan Seth Mainguy
Roland OCTA-CAPTURE and QUAD-CAPTURE select their hardware clock with
a vendor control request. Streaming fails when the hardware clock differs
from the rate selected for the USB endpoint.
During stream preparation, read the hardware rate and send the rate
request only when it differs from the selected endpoint rate. The control
transfer can complete before the device reports the new clock rate, so
poll readback every 25 ms and continue as soon as it matches. Forty
attempts avoid hammering the control endpoint while bounding an
unresponsive transition to one second.
Run the transaction from the existing format-setup quirk, after ALSA has
selected the endpoint rate and before data URBs are submitted. Hold the
USB-audio device mutex so playback and capture preparation cannot issue
overlapping clock changes.
Apply the quirk to:
0582:0120 Roland OCTA-CAPTURE
0582:012f Roland QUAD-CAPTURE
Tested on physical OCTA-CAPTURE and QUAD-CAPTURE units. Rate changes
followed by full-duplex streaming succeeded at 44.1, 48, 96 and 192 kHz
on both. External digital clocking on the OCTA-CAPTURE was tested at all
supported rates: 44.1, 48 and 96 kHz. The OCTA-CAPTURE disables its
digital input and output at 192 kHz, so external clocking is unavailable
at that rate.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Seth Mainguy <jon@soh.re>
---
sound/usb/quirks.c | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 74 insertions(+)
diff --git a/sound/usb/quirks.c b/sound/usb/quirks.c
index 91938172912a..4936d66f9591 100644
--- a/sound/usb/quirks.c
+++ b/sound/usb/quirks.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
*/
#include <linux/cleanup.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
@@ -1855,6 +1856,75 @@ static int rme_digiface_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs)
return 0;
}
+#define ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_REQUEST 3
+#define ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_READ_VALUE 0x0001
+#define ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_WRITE_VALUE 0x0008
+#define ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_WRITE_PREFIX 0x40
+#define ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_RETRIES 40
+#define ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_POLL_MS 25
+
+/*
+ * OCTA-CAPTURE and QUAD-CAPTURE use the same vendor request for their
+ * hardware clock. A read returns the 24-bit little-endian rate followed by
+ * a transition-status byte. A write carries 0x40 followed by the rate.
+ */
+static int roland_capture_read_rate(struct usb_device *dev, u32 *rate)
+{
+ u8 data[4];
+ int err;
+
+ err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+ ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_REQUEST,
+ USB_DIR_IN | USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
+ ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_READ_VALUE, 0,
+ data, sizeof(data));
+ if (err != sizeof(data))
+ return err < 0 ? err : -EIO;
+
+ *rate = combine_triple(data);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void roland_capture_set_rate(struct snd_usb_substream *subs)
+{
+ struct snd_usb_audio *chip = subs->stream->chip;
+ struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
+ u32 rate = subs->data_endpoint->cur_rate;
+ u32 current_rate;
+ u8 data[4];
+ int err;
+ int i;
+
+ /* Serialize playback and capture endpoint starts during a clock change. */
+ guard(mutex)(&chip->mutex);
+ err = roland_capture_read_rate(dev, ¤t_rate);
+ if (!err && current_rate == rate)
+ return;
+
+ data[0] = ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_WRITE_PREFIX;
+ data[1] = rate;
+ data[2] = rate >> 8;
+ data[3] = rate >> 16;
+ err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+ ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_REQUEST,
+ USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
+ ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_WRITE_VALUE, 0,
+ data, sizeof(data));
+ if (err != sizeof(data)) {
+ usb_audio_warn(chip, "cannot set Roland sample rate to %u Hz: %d\n",
+ rate, err < 0 ? err : -EIO);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_RETRIES; i++) {
+ err = roland_capture_read_rate(dev, ¤t_rate);
+ if (!err && current_rate == rate)
+ return;
+ msleep(ROLAND_CAPTURE_RATE_POLL_MS);
+ }
+ usb_audio_warn(chip, "Roland sample rate did not reach %u Hz\n", rate);
+}
+
void snd_usb_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
const struct audioformat *fmt)
{
@@ -1885,6 +1955,10 @@ void snd_usb_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3fa0): /* RME Digiface USB (alternate) */
rme_digiface_set_format_quirk(subs);
break;
+ case USB_ID(0x0582, 0x0120): /* Roland OCTA-CAPTURE */
+ case USB_ID(0x0582, 0x012f): /* Roland QUAD-CAPTURE */
+ roland_capture_set_rate(subs);
+ break;
}
}
--
2.55.0
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread* Re: [PATCH 0/4] ALSA: usb-audio: support Roland Capture sample rates
2026-08-29 0:49 [PATCH 0/4] ALSA: usb-audio: support Roland Capture sample rates Jonathan Seth Mainguy
` (3 preceding siblings ...)
2026-08-29 0:50 ` [PATCH 4/4] ALSA: usb-audio: set Roland Capture rate during stream preparation Jonathan Seth Mainguy
@ 2026-08-31 8:30 ` Takashi Iwai
4 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread
From: Takashi Iwai @ 2026-08-31 8:30 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Jonathan Seth Mainguy; +Cc: linux-sound, perex, tiwai, niklas, linux-kernel
On Sat, 29 Aug 2026 02:49:57 +0200,
Jonathan Seth Mainguy wrote:
>
> The fixed quirks for these devices currently describe 44.1 kHz:
>
> 0582:0120 Roland OCTA-CAPTURE
> 0582:012f Roland QUAD-CAPTURE
>
> Add their 48, 96 and 192 kHz alternate settings. The OCTA-CAPTURE's existing
> S32_LE format description causes the white-noise playback reported by Niklas
> Aldervall and other users. Change it to the packed S24_3LE format used by the
> device.
>
> Expose the OCTA-CAPTURE control MIDI cables and synchronize the hardware clock
> with the selected endpoint rate during stream preparation.
>
> Tested on physical OCTA-CAPTURE and QUAD-CAPTURE units. Rate changes followed
> by full-duplex streaming succeeded at 44.1, 48, 96 and 192 kHz on both models.
> External digital clocking on the OCTA-CAPTURE was tested at all supported
> rates: 44.1, 48 and 96 kHz. The OCTA-CAPTURE disables its digital input and
> output at 192 kHz, so external clocking is unavailable at that rate.
>
> Reported-by: Niklas Aldervall <niklas@aldervall.se>
> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/alsa-devel/6b623cb6-3a9b-4fe4-a57c-9a165d261692@aldervall.se/
> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Seth Mainguy <jon@soh.re>
>
> Jonathan Seth Mainguy (4):
> ALSA: usb-audio: add Roland OCTA-CAPTURE multirate support
> ALSA: usb-audio: expose OCTA-CAPTURE control MIDI cables
> ALSA: usb-audio: add Roland QUAD-CAPTURE multirate support
> ALSA: usb-audio: set Roland Capture rate during stream preparation
Applied to for-next branch. Thanks.
Takashi
^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread