[uml-devel] Re: compile problem with uml-patch-2.4.22-4

[uml-devel] Re: compile problem with uml-patch-2.4.22-4

[Patrick "Petschge" Kilian]

Hi,


> It seems strange that most of the UML-specific options don't have any
> configuration help.
Have a look at the 2.5.* and 2.6.0-test* kernels. Some option have 
descriptions there. Perhaps you can use this as a starting point.


> Yes, I am volunteering if nobody else wants to do it.
In this case I volunteer to do some spellchecking and proof reading ;-)

mfg,
Patrick "Petschge" Kilian

-- 
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Re: [uml-devel] Re: compile problem with uml-patch-2.4.22-4

[Jeff Dike]

petschge@web.de said:
> > Yes, I am volunteering if nobody else wants to do it. In this case I
> volunteer to do some spellchecking and proof reading ;-) 

Cool, patches like that are useful and easy to merge...

				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] Re: compile problem with uml-patch-2.4.22-4

[Patrick "Petschge" Kilian]

Hi,

>>> Yes, I am volunteering if nobody else wants to do it.
>> In this case I volunteer to do some spellchecking and proof reading ;-)
> Cool, patches like that are useful and easy to merge...

I didn't want to way for something to proof read, so I started on my own. 
Most descriptions are the same as in 2.6.0-test5. Please pay special 
attention to the follwoing help textes, as I have written them on my own.

CONFIG_HOST_2G_2G
CONFIG_HIGHMEM
CONFIG_PROC_MM
CONFIG_DEV_ANON
CONFIG_UML_WATCHDOG

Configure.help.patch:
-----


--- linux-2.4.22-uml/Documentation/Configure.help       Wed Sep 17 12:03:54 
2003
+++ linux-2.4.22-uml2/Documentation/Configure.help      Thu Sep 18 18:31:42 
2003
@@ -27646,6 +27646,96 @@
 CONFIG_CRYPTO_TEST
   Quick & dirty crypto test module.

+Separate Kernel Address Space support
+CONFIG_MODE_SKAS
+  This option controls whether skas (separate kernel address space)
+  support is compiled in.  If you have applied the skas patch to the
+  host, then you certainly want to say Y here (and consider saying N
+  to CONFIG_MODE_TT).  Otherwise, it is safe to say Y.  Disabling this
+  option will shrink the UML binary slightly.
+
+Tracing thread support
+CONFIG_MODE_TT
+  This option controls whether tracing thread support is compiled
+  into UML.  Normally, this should be set to Y.  If you intend to
+  use only skas mode (and the host has the skas patch applied to it),
+  then it is OK to say N here.
+
+Force a static link
+CONFIG_STATIC_LINK
+  If CONFIG_MODE_TT is disabled, then this option gives you the ability
+  to force a static link of UML.  Normally, if only skas mode is built
+  in to UML, it will be linked as a shared binary.  This is inconvenient
+  for use in a chroot jail.  So, if you intend to run UML inside a
+  chroot, and you disable CONFIG_MODE_TT, you probably want to say Y
+  here.
+
+HoneyPot ProcFS
+CONFIG_HPPFS
+  hppfs (HoneyPot ProcFS) is a filesystem which allows UML /proc
+  entries to be overridden, removed, or fabricated from the host.
+  Its purpose is to allow a UML to appear to be a physical machine
+  by removing or changing anything in /proc which gives away the
+  identity of a UML.
+
+  See <http://user-mode-linux.sf.net/hppfs.html> for more information.
+
+  You only need this if you are setting up a UML honeypot.  Otherwise,
+  it is safe to say 'N' here.
+
+2G/2G host address space split
+CONFIG_HOST_2G_2G
+  Most Linux machines are configured so that the kernel occupies the
+  upper 1G of the 4G address space and processes use the lower 3G.
+  However, some machine are configured with a 2G/2G split, with the
+  kernel occupying the upper 2G and processes using the lower 2G.
+
+  To allow UML to run on a host you have to say Y here. N should be
+  a save choice most of the time.
+
+Support for high memory
+CONFIG_HIGHMEM
+  Currently broken, so N is the save answer.
+
+Support for /proc/mm
+CONFIG_PROC_MM
+  If you don't know what this does just say Y.
+
+Kernel stack size order
+CONFIG_KERNEL_STACK_ORDER
+  This option determines the size of UML kernel stacks.  They will
+  be 1 << order pages.  The default is OK unless you're running Valgrind
+  on UML, in which case, set this to 3.
+
+Anonymous Memory support
+CONFIG_DEV_ANON
+  Don't ask. Just say Y.
+
+Support for software watchdog inside UML
+CONFIG_UML_WATCHDOG
+  It's save to say N here.
+
+COW block device
+CONFIG_COW
+  This is a layered driver which sits above two other block devices.
+  One is read-only, and the other is a read-write layer which stores
+  all changes.  This provides the illusion that the read-only layer
+  can be mounted read-write and changed.
+
+pcap transport
+CONFIG_UML_NET_PCAP
+ The pcap transport makes a pcap packet stream on the host look
+  like an ethernet device inside UML.  This is useful for making
+  UML act as a network monitor for the host.  You must have libcap
+  installed in order to build the pcap transport into UML.
+
+  For more information, see
+  <http://user-mode-linux.sourceforge.net/networking.html>  That site
+  has examples of the UML command line to use to enable this option.
+
+  If you intend to use UML as a network monitor for the host, say
+  Y here.  Otherwise, say N.
+
 #
 # A couple of things I keep forgetting:
 #   capitalize: AppleTalk, Ethernet, DOS, DMA, FAT, FTP, Internet,

-----

mfg,
Patrick "Petschge" Kilian

-- 
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dass man Sicherheit nicht durch Verschleierung oder durch
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[uml-devel] Re: Re: compile problem with uml-patch-2.4.22-4

[Ross Combs]

Patrick,

Thanks.  I really was planning on working on those this weekend.
I have made a few comments below.


> +Separate Kernel Address Space support
> +CONFIG_MODE_SKAS
> +  This option controls whether skas (separate kernel address space)
> +  support is compiled in.  If you have applied the skas patch to the
> +  host, then you certainly want to say Y here (and consider saying N
> +  to CONFIG_MODE_TT).  Otherwise, it is safe to say Y.  Disabling this
> +  option will shrink the UML binary slightly.

It might be good to mention that the host needs /proc/mm support.


> +2G/2G host address space split
> +CONFIG_HOST_2G_2G
> +  Most Linux machines are configured so that the kernel occupies the
> +  upper 1G of the 4G address space and processes use the lower 3G.
> +  However, some machine are configured with a 2G/2G split, with the
> +  kernel occupying the upper 2G and processes using the lower 2G.
> +
> +  To allow UML to run on a host you have to say Y here. N should be
> +  a save choice most of the time.

s/to run on a/to run on such a/
s/a save choice/a safe choice/


> +Support for high memory
> +CONFIG_HIGHMEM
> +  Currently broken, so N is the save answer.

s/save/safe/


> +Support for /proc/mm
> +CONFIG_PROC_MM
> +  If you don't know what this does just say Y.

How about this?:
 Enables address space separation through /proc/mm.  A host
 kernel needs to have this enabled in order for UML to run in
 skas mode.  UML kernels do not need to have this option unless
 they will host sub-UMLs.

 If you don't know what this does just say Y.


> +Support for software watchdog inside UML
> +CONFIG_UML_WATCHDOG
> +  It's save to say N here.

Could we borrow one of the descriptions from the main kernel watchdog
drivers?


-Ross


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Re: [uml-devel] Re: Re: compile problem with uml-patch-2.4.22-4

[Henrik Nordstrom]

On Fri, 19 Sep 2003, Patrick "Petschge" Kilian wrote:

> [CONFIG_HIGHMEM]
> +  Currently broken, so N is the safe answer.

If this was a UML directive it would be OK as description, but it is a
generic directive..

Regards
Henrik



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[uml-devel] Re: compile problem with uml-patch-2.4.22-4

[Patrick "Petschge" Kilian]

Hi,

[CONFIG_UML_WATCHDOG]
>> Could we borrow one of the descriptions from the main kernel watchdog
>> drivers?
> No, because there is CONFIG_WATCHDOG which has a help text and
> CONFIG_UML_WATCHDOG which doesn't have a help text and depends on
> CONFIG_WATCHDOG. Does anyone know what CONFIG_UML_WATCHDOG does?
It looks like UML_WATCHDOG is a software watchdog which only exists on the 
um arch. Perhaps it should not have a own CONFIG_ option but should be 
triggerd by CONFIG_SOFT_WATCHDOG. Jeff, is there a specific reason to give 
UML_WATCHDOG a own option?


mfg,
Patrick "Petschge" Kilian

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[uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Rod Moffitt]

I have been trying to build a recent host kernel with the host-skas3.patch
however when I attempt to run a skas aware UML kernel it claims /proc/mm
is 'not found', even though the skas3 patch was detected:

  Checking for the skas3 patch in the host...found
  Checking for /proc/mm...not found

Eventually I get a kernel panic:

  Mounted devfs on /dev
  Kernel panic: init_new_context_skas - new_mm failed, errno = -2

However /proc/mm does exist (it's 0222) on the machine.

I tried patching stock kernels including 2.4.19, 20, 21 and 22 and the
same thing occurs on all of them. I understand there might be some
tweaking needed for the later kernels, however I was under the impression
that this patch was meant for a stock 2.4.19.

Any help would be appreciated.

Thanks,

- Rod

--
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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Jeff Dike]

rodlist@rod.info said:
> However /proc/mm does exist (it's 0222) on the machine. 

It should look like this (111):

% ls -l /proc/mm
--w--w--w-    1 root     root            0 Sep 23 16:02 /proc/mm

Side from that, I have no idea what's going on.  Unlike /dev, entries in
/proc don't exist unless there's something in the kernel behind them.

> I tried patching stock kernels including 2.4.19, 20, 21 and 22 and the
> same thing occurs on all of them. I understand there might be some
> tweaking needed for the later kernels, however I was under the
> impression that this patch was meant for a stock 2.4.19. 

Something else is wrong.  Dunno what, though.

				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] Re: compile problem with uml-patch-2.4.22-4

[Jeff Dike]

petschge@web.de said:
> Perhaps it should not have a own CONFIG_ option but should be
> triggerd by CONFIG_SOFT_WATCHDOG. 

No, because it's a hardware watchdog.

> Jeff, is there a specific reason to
> give  UML_WATCHDOG a own option?

Yes, it's a separate driver.

				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Rod Moffitt]

> It should look like this (111):
>
> % ls -l /proc/mm
> --w--w--w-    1 root     root            0 Sep 23 16:02 /proc/mm

--w--w--w- == 222
--x--x--x- == 111

   > touch test
   > chmod 222 test
   > ls -l test
   --w--w--w-

> Side from that, I have no idea what's going on.  Unlike /dev, entries in
> /proc don't exist unless there's something in the kernel behind them.

I agree that the host is probably correct, therefore the problem has to be
with the UML kernel. What are the config options that if missing, would
cause such an error?

Thanks,

- Rod

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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Jeff Dike]

rodlist@rod.info said:
> --w--w--w- == 222 
> --x--x--x- == 111 

Err, right.  But I still have no idea what's happening.

If the file is there, it should definitely not fail to open.

				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Rod Moffitt]

> Err, right.  But I still have no idea what's happening.
>
> If the file is there, it should definitely not fail to open.
>

What kind of test can I run on the host to verify that procmm does indeed
work?

If the host is OK, what possibly in the UML kernel configuration, besides
the obvious enabling of SKAS mode, is needed for SKAS and procmm to work?

- Rod


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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Nix]

On Wed, 24 Sep 2003, Jeff Dike stipulated:
> rodlist@rod.info said:
>> --w--w--w- == 222 
>> --x--x--x- == 111 
> 
> Err, right.  But I still have no idea what's happening.
> 
> If the file is there, it should definitely not fail to open.

Well, I was using hppfs and honeypot.pl with uml-2.4.22-4 (with skas),
and after a while the hppfs driver would seemingly cease forwarding
anything to honeypot.pl (I instrumented the honeypot and it was still
running, just not getting any requests).

Loads of messages were dumped on the console and into syslog like

hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1
hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1
hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1
hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1
hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1

Kernel panic: init_new_context_skas - new_mm failed, errno = -24

This is consistent with honeypot.pl ceasing to answer requests, but it
was still humming along. The requests just weren't getting forwarded to
it. (Plus, the init_new_context_skas is looking for /proc/mm on the
*host*, isn't it? Hm, maybe I'm barking up a gum tree here.  Anyway, I
haven't seen the init_new_context_skas error since I stopped using
hppfs. It's still built in, just not mounted anymore.)

-- 
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 NOW CONFIGS OURS ARE."' --- Stephen J. Turnbull


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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Jeff Dike]

rodlist@rod.info said:
> If the host is OK, what possibly in the UML kernel configuration,
> besides the obvious enabling of SKAS mode, is needed for SKAS and
> procmm to work? 

That should be it.  I don't know what else could be required.  I'd need to
see this for myself to figure out what's happening.

				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Jeff Dike]

nix@esperi.demon.co.uk said:
> hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1
> Kernel panic: init_new_context_skas - new_mm failed, errno = -24 

I don't see how these can be related.  They are totally separate pieces of
code.

> (Plus, the init_new_context_skas is looking for /proc/mm on the
> *host*, isn't it?

Yes.

>  Hm, maybe I'm barking up a gum tree here.  Anyway, I
> haven't seen the init_new_context_skas error since I stopped using
> hppfs. It's still built in, just not mounted anymore.)

Hmmm, maybe there is some relationship, but I have no idea what it would be.

				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Nix]

On Mon, 06 Oct 2003, Jeff Dike moaned:
> nix@esperi.demon.co.uk said:
>> hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1
>> Kernel panic: init_new_context_skas - new_mm failed, errno = -24 
> 
> I don't see how these can be related.  They are totally separate pieces of
> code.

It confused me, too.

Both go away completely if I turn off hppfs. (I've not tried mounting
it somewhere quiet and not using it, but I can't see how that would
be any different from simply not mounting it at all...)

>>  Hm, maybe I'm barking up a gum tree here.  Anyway, I
>> haven't seen the init_new_context_skas error since I stopped using
>> hppfs. It's still built in, just not mounted anymore.)
> 
> Hmmm, maybe there is some relationship, but I have no idea what it would be.

Without hppfs mounted, all works wonderfully. My firewall thanks you,
and it was very much easier to get my iffy ADSL router to cooperate with
the ability to reboot the UML that was talking to it in about six
seconds. (Try *that* with a non-userspace kernel. ;} )

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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Jeff Dike]

rodlist@rod.info said:
> What kind of test can I run on the host to verify that procmm does
> indeed work? 

Are you still having problems with this?

> If the host is OK, what possibly in the UML kernel configuration,
> besides the obvious enabling of SKAS mode, is needed for SKAS and
> procmm to work? 

Nothing.
				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Jeff Dike]

nix@esperi.demon.co.uk said:
> Kernel panic: init_new_context_skas - new_mm failed, errno = -24 

This is EMFILE - Too many open files

Do you have a disgustingly low file limit, or was UML opening an immense number
of files?  Looking at /proc/<pid>/fd for a UML pid would be informative.

> hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1 

This is likely the same thing, just the errno return was botched.

				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Nix]

On Sun, 09 Nov 2003, Jeff Dike spake:
> nix@esperi.demon.co.uk said:
>> Kernel panic: init_new_context_skas - new_mm failed, errno = -24 
> 
> This is EMFILE - Too many open files
> 
> Do you have a disgustingly low file limit, or was UML opening an immense number
> of files?  Looking at /proc/<pid>/fd for a UML pid would be informative.

Hm, well, the system as a whole is hardly straining:

953     266     8192

and while each UML thread has a lot of stuff open, it doesn't have
*that* many (and I can't see why it would have many more as this
UML is rarely much busier than it is now):

/proc/297/fd:
total 36
lr-x------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 0 -> /dev/null
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 1 -> /dev/null
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 10 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 11 -> /proc/mm
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 12 -> socket:[4351]
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 13 -> /proc/mm
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 14 -> /dev/net/tun
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 15 -> /dev/net/tun
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 16 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 17 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 18 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 19 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 2 -> /dev/null
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 20 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 21 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 22 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 23 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 24 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 25 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 26 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 27 -> /proc/mm
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 28 -> /home/.loki.wkstn.nix/firewall/log/esperi/1068250386-456237
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 29 -> /proc/mm
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 3 -> /tmp/vm_file-AUj74X (deleted)
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 30 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 33 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 35 -> /proc/mm
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 36 -> /proc/mm
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 37 -> /home/.loki.wkstn.nix/firewall/log/esperi/1068250771-738857
l-wx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 38 -> /proc/mm
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 4 -> socket:[1375]
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 5 -> socket:[1378]
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 6 -> socket:[1379]
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 7 -> /mirror/uml/esperi-root-cow.image
lr-x------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 8 -> /mirror/uml/esperi-root.image
lrwx------    1 firewall firewall       64 Nov 10 07:28 9 -> /home/.loki.wkstn.nix/firewall/log/esperi/1068250066-884422

It seems to me that it would take quite a change for this to rise to
thousands upon thousands of open fds.

(There are 31 processes running in this UML right now.) Of course this
UML's only been running for two days.

The crash seems to happen when I'm sshed in from the outside world doing
things that involve lots of tty activity: I wonder if the tty logging
may be at fault?

I'll do a watched ls -l on /proc/297/fd when I'm sshed in next (in a
couple of hours) and see what happens.

>> hppfs_open : failed to open a socket in 'proc/uptime/r', err = 1 
> 
> This is likely the same thing, just the errno return was botched.

The odd thing is that I have no hppfs filesystems mounted. It's *there*,
but I've not used it (or honeypot.pl or any similar thing) as UML
started panicking on me in short order (minutes) whenever I used it.

-- 
`Me, I want exploding spaceships and pulverized worlds and clashes of
 billion-year-old empires *and* competently written sentences.'
                                                    --- Matt Austern


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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Jeff Dike]

nix@esperi.org.uk said:
> The crash seems to happen when I'm sshed in from the outside world
> doing things that involve lots of tty activity: I wonder if the tty
> logging may be at fault?

I just checked the code.  It seems to close everything that it opens, so
that appears not to be the problem.

				Jeff



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Re: [uml-devel] skas & /proc/mm in the host kernel, yet /proc/mm 'not found'

[Nix]

On Tue, 11 Nov 2003, Jeff Dike yowled:
> nix@esperi.org.uk said:
>> The crash seems to happen when I'm sshed in from the outside world
>> doing things that involve lots of tty activity: I wonder if the tty
>> logging may be at fault?
> 
> I just checked the code.  It seems to close everything that it opens, so
> that appears not to be the problem.

I'll hack uml to freeze rather than crashing so I can try to gdb it next
time this happens. (If it happens at all with -5...)

-- 
`Me, I want exploding spaceships and pulverized worlds and clashes of
 billion-year-old empires *and* competently written sentences.'
                                                    --- Matt Austern


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