[PATCH v2] powerpc/entry: Fix double accounting of user time on interrupt entry

[PATCH v2] powerpc/entry: Fix double accounting of user time on interrupt entry

[Aboorva Devarajan]

Since the switch to generic entry, an interrupt from user mode
accounts user time twice: once in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
and again in arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which irqentry_enter()
invokes for the same interrupt:

	arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
	  account_cpu_user_entry()		/* first */
	irqentry_enter()
	  arch_enter_from_user_mode()
	    account_cpu_user_entry()		/* second */

The second call charges the same interval again, because
account_cpu_user_entry() accumulates the time spent in user mode
since the last return to user space.

The two calls come from the GENERIC_ENTRY preparation series,
where each step was a no-op on its own. Commit 09a9d3a8499d
("powerpc: introduce arch_enter_from_user_mode") added the hook
with the user-time accounting in it, but nothing called it yet.
Commit 893082ac769b ("powerpc: Prepare for IRQ entry exit")
copied interrupt_enter_prepare() verbatim into entry-common.h as
arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(); that copy was equally unused, as
handlers still called interrupt_enter_prepare().

Commit bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
made both live. On the syscall side it did the full conversion:
system_call_exception() now accounts once through the hook via
syscall_enter_from_user_mode(), rather than calling
account_cpu_user_entry() directly. On the interrupt side it
switched the handler macros to arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
followed by irqentry_enter(), which also runs the hook, but the
accounting in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() was not removed to
match. The double accounting starts with that commit.

With CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE=y this roughly doubles the
reported user time of any workload that takes interrupts. The
other accounting modes compile account_cpu_user_entry() to an
empty stub, so they are not affected.

Remove the accounting from arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() and rely
on arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which already runs for both
syscalls and interrupts. The duplicate account_stolen_time() call
is removed the same way.

On a pseries LPAR a busy loop reports 6s user time in 3s elapsed
(~210% CPU) before the fix, and 3s (~105% CPU) after it:

  $ python3 -c 'while True: pass' &
  $ sleep 3; ps -p $! -o etime,time,pcpu

            ELAPSED     TIME  %CPU
  Before      00:03 00:00:06   210
  After       00:03 00:00:03   105

A 50% load reports ~70% usr / 30% idle before the fix, and
~49% usr / 51% idle after it:

  $ taskset -c 6 stress-ng --cpu 1 --cpu-load 50 &
  $ mpstat -P 6 1

            CPU    %usr   %idle
  Before      6   69.74   30.26
  After       6   48.51   50.50

Fixes: bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
Reviewed-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Aboorva Devarajan <aboorvad@linux.ibm.com>
---
Changes in v2:
 - Explain which commits introduced each accounting call and how
   they overlapped in commit message.
 - Drop the code comment.

v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linuxppc-dev/20260902050628.2553909-1-aboorvad@linux.ibm.com/

 arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
index c5adb5006361..000fa925e26a 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
@@ -222,8 +222,6 @@ static inline void arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(struct pt_regs *regs)
 
 	if (user_mode(regs)) {
 		kuap_lock();
-		account_cpu_user_entry();
-		account_stolen_time();
 	} else {
 		kuap_save_and_lock(regs);
 		/*

base-commit: fb442a6673ff1046bf67754957d95880fdb394b5
-- 
2.54.0

Re: [PATCH v2] powerpc/entry: Fix double accounting of user time on interrupt entry

[Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP)]

Le 04/09/2026 à 04:58, Aboorva Devarajan a écrit :
> Since the switch to generic entry, an interrupt from user mode
> accounts user time twice: once in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> and again in arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which irqentry_enter()
> invokes for the same interrupt:
> 
> 	arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> 	  account_cpu_user_entry()		/* first */
> 	irqentry_enter()
> 	  arch_enter_from_user_mode()
> 	    account_cpu_user_entry()		/* second */
> 
> The second call charges the same interval again, because
> account_cpu_user_entry() accumulates the time spent in user mode
> since the last return to user space.
> 
> The two calls come from the GENERIC_ENTRY preparation series,
> where each step was a no-op on its own. Commit 09a9d3a8499d
> ("powerpc: introduce arch_enter_from_user_mode") added the hook
> with the user-time accounting in it, but nothing called it yet.
> Commit 893082ac769b ("powerpc: Prepare for IRQ entry exit")
> copied interrupt_enter_prepare() verbatim into entry-common.h as
> arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(); that copy was equally unused, as
> handlers still called interrupt_enter_prepare().
> 
> Commit bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
> made both live. On the syscall side it did the full conversion:
> system_call_exception() now accounts once through the hook via
> syscall_enter_from_user_mode(), rather than calling
> account_cpu_user_entry() directly. On the interrupt side it
> switched the handler macros to arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> followed by irqentry_enter(), which also runs the hook, but the
> accounting in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() was not removed to
> match. The double accounting starts with that commit.
> 
> With CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE=y this roughly doubles the
> reported user time of any workload that takes interrupts. The
> other accounting modes compile account_cpu_user_entry() to an
> empty stub, so they are not affected.
> 
> Remove the accounting from arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() and rely
> on arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which already runs for both
> syscalls and interrupts. The duplicate account_stolen_time() call
> is removed the same way.
> 
> On a pseries LPAR a busy loop reports 6s user time in 3s elapsed
> (~210% CPU) before the fix, and 3s (~105% CPU) after it:
> 
>    $ python3 -c 'while True: pass' &
>    $ sleep 3; ps -p $! -o etime,time,pcpu
> 
>              ELAPSED     TIME  %CPU
>    Before      00:03 00:00:06   210
>    After       00:03 00:00:03   105
> 
> A 50% load reports ~70% usr / 30% idle before the fix, and
> ~49% usr / 51% idle after it:
> 
>    $ taskset -c 6 stress-ng --cpu 1 --cpu-load 50 &
>    $ mpstat -P 6 1
> 
>              CPU    %usr   %idle
>    Before      6   69.74   30.26
>    After       6   48.51   50.50
> 
> Fixes: bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
> Reviewed-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Aboorva Devarajan <aboorvad@linux.ibm.com>

Reviewed-by: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org>

 > ---> Changes in v2:
>   - Explain which commits introduced each accounting call and how
>     they overlapped in commit message.
>   - Drop the code comment.
> 
> v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linuxppc-dev/20260902050628.2553909-1-aboorvad@linux.ibm.com/
> 
>   arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h | 2 --
>   1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> index c5adb5006361..000fa925e26a 100644
> --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> @@ -222,8 +222,6 @@ static inline void arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(struct pt_regs *regs)
>   
>   	if (user_mode(regs)) {
>   		kuap_lock();
> -		account_cpu_user_entry();
> -		account_stolen_time();
>   	} else {
>   		kuap_save_and_lock(regs);
>   		/*
> 
> base-commit: fb442a6673ff1046bf67754957d95880fdb394b5

Re: [PATCH v2] powerpc/entry: Fix double accounting of user time on interrupt entry

[Ritesh Harjani]

Aboorva Devarajan <aboorvad@linux.ibm.com> writes:

> Since the switch to generic entry, an interrupt from user mode
> accounts user time twice: once in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> and again in arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which irqentry_enter()
> invokes for the same interrupt:
>
> 	arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> 	  account_cpu_user_entry()		/* first */
> 	irqentry_enter()
> 	  arch_enter_from_user_mode()
> 	    account_cpu_user_entry()		/* second */
>
> The second call charges the same interval again, because
> account_cpu_user_entry() accumulates the time spent in user mode
> since the last return to user space.
>
> The two calls come from the GENERIC_ENTRY preparation series,
> where each step was a no-op on its own. Commit 09a9d3a8499d
> ("powerpc: introduce arch_enter_from_user_mode") added the hook
> with the user-time accounting in it, but nothing called it yet.
> Commit 893082ac769b ("powerpc: Prepare for IRQ entry exit")
> copied interrupt_enter_prepare() verbatim into entry-common.h as
> arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(); that copy was equally unused, as
> handlers still called interrupt_enter_prepare().
>
> Commit bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
> made both live. On the syscall side it did the full conversion:
> system_call_exception() now accounts once through the hook via
> syscall_enter_from_user_mode(), rather than calling
> account_cpu_user_entry() directly. On the interrupt side it
> switched the handler macros to arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> followed by irqentry_enter(), which also runs the hook, but the
> accounting in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() was not removed to
> match. The double accounting starts with that commit.
>
> With CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE=y this roughly doubles the
> reported user time of any workload that takes interrupts. The
> other accounting modes compile account_cpu_user_entry() to an
> empty stub, so they are not affected.
>
> Remove the accounting from arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() and rely
> on arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which already runs for both
> syscalls and interrupts. The duplicate account_stolen_time() call
> is removed the same way.
>
> On a pseries LPAR a busy loop reports 6s user time in 3s elapsed
> (~210% CPU) before the fix, and 3s (~105% CPU) after it:
>
>   $ python3 -c 'while True: pass' &
>   $ sleep 3; ps -p $! -o etime,time,pcpu
>
>             ELAPSED     TIME  %CPU
>   Before      00:03 00:00:06   210
>   After       00:03 00:00:03   105
>
> A 50% load reports ~70% usr / 30% idle before the fix, and
> ~49% usr / 51% idle after it:
>
>   $ taskset -c 6 stress-ng --cpu 1 --cpu-load 50 &
>   $ mpstat -P 6 1
>
>             CPU    %usr   %idle
>   Before      6   69.74   30.26
>   After       6   48.51   50.50
>
> Fixes: bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
> Reviewed-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Aboorva Devarajan <aboorvad@linux.ibm.com>
> ---

Looks good. Thanks for the descritive commit msg!

Reviewed-by: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com>

Re: [PATCH v2] powerpc/entry: Fix double accounting of user time on interrupt entry

[Amit Machhiwal]

On 2026/09/04 08:28 AM, Aboorva Devarajan wrote:
> Since the switch to generic entry, an interrupt from user mode
> accounts user time twice: once in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> and again in arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which irqentry_enter()
> invokes for the same interrupt:
> 
> 	arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> 	  account_cpu_user_entry()		/* first */
> 	irqentry_enter()
> 	  arch_enter_from_user_mode()
> 	    account_cpu_user_entry()		/* second */
> 
> The second call charges the same interval again, because
> account_cpu_user_entry() accumulates the time spent in user mode
> since the last return to user space.
> 
> The two calls come from the GENERIC_ENTRY preparation series,
> where each step was a no-op on its own. Commit 09a9d3a8499d
> ("powerpc: introduce arch_enter_from_user_mode") added the hook
> with the user-time accounting in it, but nothing called it yet.
> Commit 893082ac769b ("powerpc: Prepare for IRQ entry exit")
> copied interrupt_enter_prepare() verbatim into entry-common.h as
> arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(); that copy was equally unused, as
> handlers still called interrupt_enter_prepare().
> 
> Commit bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
> made both live. On the syscall side it did the full conversion:
> system_call_exception() now accounts once through the hook via
> syscall_enter_from_user_mode(), rather than calling
> account_cpu_user_entry() directly. On the interrupt side it
> switched the handler macros to arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> followed by irqentry_enter(), which also runs the hook, but the
> accounting in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() was not removed to
> match. The double accounting starts with that commit.
> 
> With CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE=y this roughly doubles the
> reported user time of any workload that takes interrupts. The
> other accounting modes compile account_cpu_user_entry() to an
> empty stub, so they are not affected.
> 
> Remove the accounting from arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() and rely
> on arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which already runs for both
> syscalls and interrupts. The duplicate account_stolen_time() call
> is removed the same way.
> 
> On a pseries LPAR a busy loop reports 6s user time in 3s elapsed
> (~210% CPU) before the fix, and 3s (~105% CPU) after it:
> 
>   $ python3 -c 'while True: pass' &
>   $ sleep 3; ps -p $! -o etime,time,pcpu
> 
>             ELAPSED     TIME  %CPU
>   Before      00:03 00:00:06   210
>   After       00:03 00:00:03   105
> 
> A 50% load reports ~70% usr / 30% idle before the fix, and
> ~49% usr / 51% idle after it:
> 
>   $ taskset -c 6 stress-ng --cpu 1 --cpu-load 50 &
>   $ mpstat -P 6 1
> 
>             CPU    %usr   %idle
>   Before      6   69.74   30.26
>   After       6   48.51   50.50
> 
> Fixes: bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
> Reviewed-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Aboorva Devarajan <aboorvad@linux.ibm.com>

The fix is minimal and correct: removing the two lines from
arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() leaves arch_enter_from_user_mode() as the single
accounting site for both syscalls and interrupts, which matches the generic
entry design intent.  The benchmarks in the commit message are convincing.

Reviewed-by: Amit Machhiwal <amachhiw@linux.ibm.com>

Thanks,
Amit

> ---
> Changes in v2:
>  - Explain which commits introduced each accounting call and how
>    they overlapped in commit message.
>  - Drop the code comment.
> 
> v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linuxppc-dev/20260902050628.2553909-1-aboorvad@linux.ibm.com/
> 
>  arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h | 2 --
>  1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> index c5adb5006361..000fa925e26a 100644
> --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> @@ -222,8 +222,6 @@ static inline void arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(struct pt_regs *regs)
>  
>  	if (user_mode(regs)) {
>  		kuap_lock();
> -		account_cpu_user_entry();
> -		account_stolen_time();
>  	} else {
>  		kuap_save_and_lock(regs);
>  		/*
> 
> base-commit: fb442a6673ff1046bf67754957d95880fdb394b5
> -- 
> 2.54.0
> 

Re: [PATCH v2] powerpc/entry: Fix double accounting of user time on interrupt entry

[Venkat]

> On 4 Sep 2026, at 8:28 AM, Aboorva Devarajan <aboorvad@linux.ibm.com> wrote:
> 
> Since the switch to generic entry, an interrupt from user mode
> accounts user time twice: once in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> and again in arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which irqentry_enter()
> invokes for the same interrupt:
> 
> arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
>  account_cpu_user_entry() /* first */
> irqentry_enter()
>  arch_enter_from_user_mode()
>    account_cpu_user_entry() /* second */
> 
> The second call charges the same interval again, because
> account_cpu_user_entry() accumulates the time spent in user mode
> since the last return to user space.
> 
> The two calls come from the GENERIC_ENTRY preparation series,
> where each step was a no-op on its own. Commit 09a9d3a8499d
> ("powerpc: introduce arch_enter_from_user_mode") added the hook
> with the user-time accounting in it, but nothing called it yet.
> Commit 893082ac769b ("powerpc: Prepare for IRQ entry exit")
> copied interrupt_enter_prepare() verbatim into entry-common.h as
> arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(); that copy was equally unused, as
> handlers still called interrupt_enter_prepare().
> 
> Commit bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
> made both live. On the syscall side it did the full conversion:
> system_call_exception() now accounts once through the hook via
> syscall_enter_from_user_mode(), rather than calling
> account_cpu_user_entry() directly. On the interrupt side it
> switched the handler macros to arch_interrupt_enter_prepare()
> followed by irqentry_enter(), which also runs the hook, but the
> accounting in arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() was not removed to
> match. The double accounting starts with that commit.
> 
> With CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE=y this roughly doubles the
> reported user time of any workload that takes interrupts. The
> other accounting modes compile account_cpu_user_entry() to an
> empty stub, so they are not affected.
> 
> Remove the accounting from arch_interrupt_enter_prepare() and rely
> on arch_enter_from_user_mode(), which already runs for both
> syscalls and interrupts. The duplicate account_stolen_time() call
> is removed the same way.
> 
> On a pseries LPAR a busy loop reports 6s user time in 3s elapsed
> (~210% CPU) before the fix, and 3s (~105% CPU) after it:
> 
>  $ python3 -c 'while True: pass' &
>  $ sleep 3; ps -p $! -o etime,time,pcpu
> 
>            ELAPSED     TIME  %CPU
>  Before      00:03 00:00:06   210
>  After       00:03 00:00:03   105
> 
> A 50% load reports ~70% usr / 30% idle before the fix, and
> ~49% usr / 51% idle after it:
> 
>  $ taskset -c 6 stress-ng --cpu 1 --cpu-load 50 &
>  $ mpstat -P 6 1
> 
>            CPU    %usr   %idle
>  Before      6   69.74   30.26
>  After       6   48.51   50.50
> 
> Fixes: bee25f97ad24 ("powerpc: Enable GENERIC_ENTRY feature")
> Reviewed-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Aboorva Devarajan <aboorvad@linux.ibm.com>
> ---

I have tested this patch, by applying on top of latest mainline, and its working as expected.

Please add below tag.

Tested-by: Venkat Rao Bagalkote <venkat88@linux.ibm.com>

Regards,
Venkat.
> Changes in v2:
> - Explain which commits introduced each accounting call and how
>   they overlapped in commit message.
> - Drop the code comment.
> 
> v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linuxppc-dev/20260902050628.2553909-1-aboorvad@linux.ibm.com/
> 
> arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h | 2 --
> 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> index c5adb5006361..000fa925e26a 100644
> --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/entry-common.h
> @@ -222,8 +222,6 @@ static inline void arch_interrupt_enter_prepare(struct pt_regs *regs)
> 
> if (user_mode(regs)) {
> kuap_lock();
> - account_cpu_user_entry();
> - account_stolen_time();
> } else {
> kuap_save_and_lock(regs);
> /*
> 
> base-commit: fb442a6673ff1046bf67754957d95880fdb394b5
> -- 
> 2.54.0
>